KINS 4040

Neutral

- Type of student feedback " to improve, these are some things to include in technique"

Cardio respiratory endurance

Sports that include movement that is continuous for longer periods of time like soccer, basketball, and lacrosse improve ...

Short term benefits of exercise

- 1. Energy to play and work 2. Development of the heart muscle 3. Body composition in normal range 4. Lower risk factors for health problems such as type II diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, depression, joint wear and tear

Carbohydrates Proteins Fats

- 3 energy nutrients

Agility

- Ability to change directions quickly with control.

Overlapping

- Ability to focus on several things that are happening simultaneously and still maintain an intended direction.

Speed

- Ability to perform movement very quickly.

Warm up

- Activity that gets the body ready for exercise.

Teaching devices

- Anything that enhances learning. Help students learn by making learning more exciting, easier, and successful.

Daily amounts

- Appropriate amounts of food eaten from each food group.

intrinsic motivation

- Avoid comparisons with other students in the class or with external validated norms.

Speciality Skills

- Basic skills that are used in many different sports: Catching, Throwing, Striking, Dribbling.

Radius

- Bone between the elbow and wrist on the thumb side. Provides structure to the lower arm. strengthened by push-ups, cartwheels, and squat thrusts.

Sternum

- Bone in the center of the chest and has the functions of supporting the chest and protecting internal organs, including the heart.

Humerus

- Bone in the upper arm. Provides structure for the upper arm. Exercises like push-ups, cartwheels, and squat thrusts can help build strength in this bone.

Clavicle

- Bone located across the top and front of the chest. Its function is to connect the shoulder and arm to the chest.

Patella

- Bone located between the upper and lower leg bones. It is a covering to protect the knee joint.

Scapula

- Bone located in the upper back. It connects shoulders to the back.

Cranium

- Bone located on the head and its function is to protect the brain from trauma.

Pelvis

- Bone that connects the legs to the body.

Vertebrae

- Bones located in the center of the back. Its functions include protecting the spinal cord and providing support to the upper body.

Ribs

- Bones located in the chest. Their functions are to support the chest and protect the internal organs.

Energy-out

- Calories burned; energy expenditure via resting metabolic rate, digestion, excretion, and physical activity.

Moderation

- Choose appropriate amounts of foods, avoiding overeating, and limit intake of saturated fats, trans fats, added sugar, cholesterol, and salt.

Fats

- Concentrated source of energy that insulates the body from cold, storage area for fat soluble vitamins, and cushions the organs.

Bone strength

- Determined by 2 factors: 1. Proper nutrition 2. Activity

Overload

- Doing more than usual in regards to frequency, intensity, or duration of exercise to make improvements occur.

Black practice

- EX: Tossing a ball in the exact same place each time so the student can hit/catch it.

Random practice

- EX: tossing a ball to a student where it is to the left, right, short, deep and have the student try to hit or catch it.

Variety

- Eating food from all food groups.

Balanced diet

- Eating the right amount of servings from each food group.

Law of Readiness (Thorndike)

- Emphasizes the idea of getting students in the mood for learning. How to: Start class with an instant activity, be excited about the lesson, start with an activity where all students will be successful.

Carbohydrates and protein

- Energy equivalent is 4 calories per gram. (2 nutrients)

Fats

- Energy equivalent is 9 calories per gram.

Neutral energy balance

- Energy in = energy out (weight maintenance)

Positive energy balance

- Energy in > energy out (weight gain is promoted)

Negative energy balance

- Energy in< energy out (weight loss is promoted)

Proteins

- Energy nutrient, but one of main purpose to build and repair tissue.

developmentally appropriate

- Environment that is motivating to students and reflects age-related and physical differences in children.

Individuality

- Everyone responds to exercise differently and programs should be designed to let every person improve at own rate.

Individuality

- Exercise principle that says that everyone responds differently to exercise due to their differences in DNA.

Muscles

- Exert force on the bones to cause movement to occur.

Energy-in

- Food consumption; calories in.

Empty calorie foods

- Foods that offer few, if any, nutrients but do supply calories.

Education for all handicapped children act

- Guarantees to all disabled children a quality education opportunity.

The best measure of student learning

- How many students are using the skills taught in school in a non-school setting.

OTR - Opportunity to Respond

- If students are to acquire skills and improve movement patterns.

Reversibility

- If you stop exercising, the benefits you gained start to decrease.

Minerals

- In organic substances that help regulate body processes.

Hyperplastic

- Increase in the number of adipose cells. Causes obesity.

Hypertrophic

- Increase in the size of the cell. Causes obesity.

Learning names

- Know students names to be able to get their attention immediately.

Femur

- Large bone in the thigh. It gives leg support and is the longest, heaviest bone in the body. physical activity that strengthens this bone include walking, running, and jumping.

Tibia

- Larger bone in the lower leg. Its function is to support the lower leg. Physical activities like walking, jumping, and running help strengthen this bone.

Long term benefits of exercise

- Low rates of heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer, obesity, high cholesterol, and an increase in quality of life.

Nutrition

- Maintains bone strength. Bones need calcium and vitamin D from the food a person eats.

Water

- Most important macronutrient; others use it as a medium to carry out their jobs.

Carbohydrates

- Most readily available source of energy.

Locomotor

- Movements involving large muscle groups and includes such patterns as: Walking, Running, Skipping, Sliding, Hopping, Galloping, etc.

Triceps

- Muscle located on the back of the upper arm; they allow the elbow to extend.

Deltoids

- Muscle located on the shoulders; they move the upper arm.

Latissimus Dorsi

- Muscle on the back by the armpit; allows a person to pull.

Hamstrings

- Muscles located on the back of upper leg; they flex the knee.

Gluteals

- Muscles located on the butt; they allow a person to stand up.

Pectorals

- Muscles located on the chest; they help person execute push movements.

Biceps

- Muscles located on the front, top half of the arm; they allow the elbow to flex.

Abdominals

- Muscles located on the stomach; they allow flexing forward at the waist.

Quadriceps

- Muscles on the front of the upper leg; they extend the knee.

Selective ignoring

- Not reacting to everything that students do wrong.

Circuit training

- One of the best ways to improve health-related fitness levels in children as it hits all 5 components of fitness. It is any group of 2 or more exercises that follow a pattern.

Energy

- Ones power to work, move, or play.

Vitamins

- Organic substance that help release energy during chemical reactions in body; also, important in other body processes.

ALT-PE Academic Learning time in physical education

- Physical Education has academic content that should be dropped in during a lesson (components of fitness, energy sources, difference between muscle strength and muscle endurance, etc.).

Self-adjusting target throwing

- Present students with a task where there are options to be successful. Some tasks are easier than others and students choose how they want to be successful.

Body composition

- Relative amounts of fat mass and fat free mass that make up body weight.

Associative learning

- Requires the student to translate and put into action the information learned in the cognitive stage.

Fibula

- Smallest bone in the lower leg. It gives support to the lower leg. physical activities like walking, running, and jumping build strength of this bone.

Nonlocomotor

- Static movements usually involving large muscle groups such as: Pushing, Pulling, Bending, Twisting, etc.

Proximity control

- Teacher walking in the direction of the off-task student to let them know you aren't pleased.

Teaching by invitation

- Technique for students of all ages. Teacher provides 2 or more tasks and allows students to decide which task best suits their abilities.

Teacher as a cheerleader

- Technique that allows students to feed off of the teachers positive and cheerful energy.

Task sheets

- Technique that allows students to progress at their own pace.

Videotaping

- Technique that allows students to see themselves performing.

Helping students develop realistic expectations

- Technique that tells students that learning motor skills generally takes a long time and physical education only lays the foundation of any skill taught.

Student designed activities

- Technique that works best in elementary schools where students are put into small groups and asked to design an activity or modify an existing one.

Peer tutors and cooperative learning

- Technique that works well with task sheets and motivate students to practice and work hard.

Stations or learning centers

- Technique where students spend a set amount of time in a center, doing different tasks in each center.

Intratask Variation

- Technique where teacher modifies task based upon the abilities of the students after observing the students in class.

Muscle strength

- The ability of a muscle to push or pull with its total force.

Muscle endurance

- The ability of the muscles to work over a long period of time without becoming tired.

Fat free mass

- The combined weight of bones, collective tissue, fluids, muscles, and organs.

Food measurements

- The food a person eats is measured in cups or ounces when speaking of daily recommendations for males and females in various age groups.

Autonomous learning

- The skill is practiced and refined to the point that it is automatic. When little conscious control is required, the performer is free to attend to other things simultaneously.

Cognitive learning

- The student tries to understand the nature of the activity being learned. They try to understand the purpose of the motor skill and devise strategies for performing the skill.

Fat mass

- The total weight of fat stored in your body.

Specificity

- The type of benefit that is reaped during exercise is directly related to the exercise that is being performed.

Specificity

- The type of benefit that is reaped through exercise is directly linked to the type of exercise used.

The law of effect (Thorndike)

- This stresses that students will repeat responses that are satisfying, thus strengthening the relationship between stimulus (fun) and the response (learning).

Cool down

- To gradually slow down the body after exercise.

Overload principle

- To increase strength, muscles must be shredded beyond their normal loads or resistance.

Negative

- Type of student feedback "no, this part needs to be corrected"

My Plate

- USDA tool, in form of a placemat that separates food into food groups to provide guidance in healthy eating.

Positive pinpointing

- When a teacher identifies one or more students and points them out to the class as modeling the desired behavior or skill.

Power

- ability to do work in a given unit of time. Combination of strength and speed.

Coordination

- ability to execute movements smoothly and with control.

Teaching Device

- anything that a teacher uses to enhance the learning environment.

scaffolding

- connecting your lesson with the one taught previously that will also connect to the lesson you teach next.

Healthy eating

- eating correct daily amount based on variety and moderation.

The law of exercise

- has 2 parts: the lae of use and the law of disuse. Students will only retain skills that are used and will lose those that are not practiced.

Physical development

- learning the five components of health-related fitness so a student can enjoy an active life style

With-it-ness

- letting your students know you know all their tricks and they shouldn't bother to try them! Seems that the teachers have eyes in the back of their head.

Balance

- maintain equilibrium during movement and while stationary.

Individual Differences

- modifying an activity so all students can be successful based upon their abilities.

Screening

- referring students to the standing school committee if we think they have a motor development problem.

Back-to-the-wall

- standing on the outside boundary to observe all the students in class.

Social/Emotional Development

- teaching the students how to get along with others, respect them for who they are, good sportsmanship, playing the game rules, etc.

Cognitive Development

- the academic content associated with the profession of physical education.

psychomotor development

- the learning of motor movements, specialty skills and sporting skills.

Reaction time

- time lapse between presentation of stimulus and response.(Example: ability to respond quickly to ball being thrown to you)

Positive

- type of student feedback "yes that is correct technique"

Barriers to implementing physical education programs

1.No time due to academic demands 2.Lack of facilities - no gym 3. No importance attached to the need for physical education 4.Lack of physical education specialist to implement programs (particularly in North Louisiana) 5. Schools are not measured by student health results only academics

Importance of Elementary School Physical Education

1.Research strongly indicates that students with higher fitness levels score better academically 2.Educating the whole child rather than just the cognitive (brain) 3.So students will learn at an early age the role of exercise and fitness in their lifestyle 4.Teach the movement patterns and specialty skills necessary to live an active life 5. BESE Board requires that elementary school students receive 30 minutes of physical education daily 6. Identify students who maybe motor delayed 7. Ideal environment for developing a student's social/emotional growth 8. Introduction students to the vocabulary and knowledge associated with health and fitness

Student centered

A quality program is ___ ___ and based on the developmental urges, characteristics, and interests of students.

Muscular Endurance

Activities such as sit-ups and push-ups improve ...

Muscular Strength

Activities that require us to exert more force than usual like resistance and weight training improve ...

Positive and caring

An effective teacher creates a teaching and learning environment that is ___ and ___.

Flexibility

Any activity that utilizes stretching past your usual ability enhances ...

Body Composition

Eating healthy and exercising improves ...

Cognitive information and fitness evaluation

Evaluation of physical education by the classroom teacher should center around ___ and ___.

1.2 - 5 minute run Heart Healthy Relay Respiratory Relay Oxygen Transport Capture the Oxygen circuit training

Five for Life activities that emphasize the importance of cardio-respiratory endurance.

False

If possible children should avoid fat in all of their foods. (True/False)

skill performance

In a quality physical education program, focus is on process of learning skills ratherthan the product or outcome of the ___ ___.

Muscle strength and muscle endurance

Muscle fitness is comprised of what 2 parts?

Circuit training

Objective of ___: -Improve fitness - Practice sport skills - Warm-up activity - Cool down - Practice health-related fitness measurements. - Improve locomotor skills and gross motor skills.

Ulna

One of the bones between elbow and wrist on the little finger side of the arm. Allows movement through the wrist and elbow.

fitness testing

One of the measurable outcomes in elementary school physical education is fitness levels assessed by ___.

self-discipline

Physical education programs teach management skills and ___-___.

Physical activity Fitness Motor skill development

Quality physical education makes ___ ___, ___, and ___ ___ ___ the core of the program.

Diversity and gender issues

Quality physical education teaches cooperation and responsibility, skills, and helps students develop sensitivity to ___ and ___ ___.

Inclusion

Quality programs emphasize ___ of all students.

Body Composition

Relative amounts of fat free mass and fat mass that make up the body's weight.

skeletal system

Sitting up straight, walking, and jumping are some functions of the ___ ___.

Muscular Strength

The ability of a muscle or a muscle group to exert a maximal force in a single exertion.

Muscular Endurance

The ability of a muscle or muscle group to contract repeatedly or hold a contraction for an extended period of time.

Cardio respiratory endurance

The ability of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to the working muscles during prolonged moderately intense physical activity.

Least restrictive

The federal government believes that where possible children who are disabled should be placed in the ___ ___ environment.

meet individual differences

The most common strategy to ___ is through modifications of the task at hand.

Flexibility

The range of movement around a joint.

206

There are ___ bones in the adult human body.

Breaking bones

Weight bearing activities put stress on the bones to help build and maintain bone density and decrease risk of ___ ___.

1. Match content to student ability. 2. Devote a lot of time to lesson objectives. 3. Have high rates of on-task behavior. 4. Cooperative and some competitive activities. 5. High but realistic expectations for learning.

What are 5 ways to create a positive and caring learning environment?

1. Use nerfballs - slows the activity down 2. Use a bigger ball or a balloon 3. Move students closer together 4. Lower the height of a goal (basketball) or make it larger (soccer goal) 5. Self-adjusting targets - students can choose which one to shoot for based upon their ability to be successful

What are 5 ways to modify activities in the gym?

Agility Balance Coordination Power Reaction time Speed

What are 6 performance/skill related fitness?

Support and protect the body

What are the 2 main roles of the bones?

1. Students continue to practice because they know you are watching. 2. Teachers travel around the area, which is an effective teaching behavior. 3. Helps students assess performance.

What are the 3 advantages of teacher feedback?

Explained to the students at the beginning of the year, teacher follows criteria, and support from teachers, principals, and parents.

What are the 3 characteristics of an effective discipline system?

Creating environments that are success oriented, intrinsically motivating, and developmentally appropriate.

What are the 3 keys to motivating children?

1. Provide feedback during or right after students attempt skills. 2. Provide as many as possible for students to practice a skill. 3. Provide feedback in multiple ways to ensure understanding. 4. Provide constructive feedback in a positive manner.

What are the 4 feedback guidelines?

Physical development, psychomotor development, cognitive development, and social/emotional development.

What are the 4 objectives of physical education?

cardiorespiratory endurance Muscle strength Muscle endurance Flexibility Body composition.

What are the 5 components of health-related fitness?

Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Water Vitamins Minerals

What are the 6 Macronutrients?

Frequency, intensity, time, and type.

What does FITT stand for?

Oils

What food group is not included on MyPlate?

Performance Health

___-related fitness improvement is more limited than ____-related fitness.