krieger units 3456
fatty acids
affected by saturation or how many double bond are between carbon atoms in carbon chains
anti parallel form of dna
allows nitrogenous based to pair with each other by forming hydrogen bond, makes structure more stable and plays important role in dna replication
monomers of proteins
are amino acids, there are twenty different
phospholipids
can be found in cell membrane and their role is to act as barrier of passage molecules and ions into and out of cell
dna
can be found in cousins of the cell
rna
can be found in cytoplasm if the cell as well as in the nucleus
structural polysaccharide
cellulose and chitin
cellulose
composed of glucose monomers but every other glucose monomer is orientated 180 degrees
nucleotide
contains nitrogenous base phosphate group 5 carbon sugar
starch
created by glucose monomers in alpha posterior which creates branch like structure
nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides
cytosine thymine uracil adenine and guanine
hydroxyl group
defines the 3' end
phosphate group
defines the 5' end
dna base
double helix structure uses have thymine that pairs with adenine and used deoxyribose at 5 carbon sugar
5 carbon sugar and phosphate group
forms backbone of dna
chitin
forms exoskeletons of anthropoids
dna
genes determine the primary structure of protein
dehydration reaction
h20 is relseased from reaction bonding two monomers into polymer
nucleotide
nitrogenous base phosphate group 5 carbon sugar
polysaccharides
polymers with many sugars joined together by dehydration reactions, their monomers are monosaccharides
secondary structure
polypeptide chain coils and folds due to hydrogen bonding w in polypeptide backbone
hydrolysis reaction
reaction that breaks apart a polymer back into two monomers by adding a h2O molecule
shape determines function
sequence of amino acids are specifically coded so R group can interact w each other to coil and fold proteins function of protein would change if amino acid sequence changed
rna base
single strand pairs adenine with uracil used ribose at 5 carbon sugar and has one side of nitrogenous bases only
cellulose
tough substance that forms plant cell walls
storage polysaccharides
two forms starch in animals and glycogen in animals
quaternary structure
two or more polypeptides are associated w one another
rosalind franklin
used x ray crystallography which received helical shape of dna
adenine and thymine
2 hydrogen bond between them
gueanine and cytosine
3 hydrogen bond between them
tertiary structure
3d folding occurred due to interactions between side chains and amino acids
