Leadership - Ch 5 - Leadership Ethics and Values

Four things that should be done to be perceived as a good ethical role model:

1. Interpersonal behaviors 2. Basic fairness 3. Ethical actions and self-expectations 4. Articulating ethical standards

What are some differences about having the role of leader that create ethical concerns?

1. Leaders set a moral example that becomes the model for an entire group or organization. 2. Leaders should internalize a strong set of ethics, principles of right conduct, or a system of moral values. 3. Good leaders tend to align the values of their followers with those of the organization or movement.

Servant leadership characteristics

1. Listening 2. Empathy 3. Healing 4. Awareness 5. Persuasion 6. Conceptualization 7. Foresight 8. Stewardship 9. Commitment to other's growth 10. Building community

Ways people avoid feeling guilty when making unethical choices.

1. Moral justification 2. Euphemistic labeling 3. Advantage comparison 4. Displacement or confusion 5. Disregard or distortion of consequences 6. Dehumanizations 7. Attribution of blance

Types of values

Terminal: Exciting life, a sense of accomplishment, family security, harmony, social recognition Instrumental: Courageous, helpful, honest, imaginative, logical, responsible.

How does one become an authentic leader?

"To thine own self be true" Strong ethical convictions that guild behavior. Trying to do what is right. *Enhance self-awareness *Openness and transparency *Inclusive practices

Kidder's three approaches to evaluating ethical dilemmas

1. Ends based thinking 2. Rule based thinking 3. Care based thinking

Ways to create an ethical climate in an organization.

1. Formal ethics policies and procedures 2. Core ideology 3. Integrity 4. Structural reinforcement 5. Process focus

Biases that impact people's ethical decisions:

1. Implicit prejudices 2. Ingroup favoritism 3. Overclaiming credit 4. Conflict of interest

Three components of moral potency.

1. Moral ownership 2. Moral courage 3. Moral efficacy

Kohlberg's model of cognitive moral development

1. Pre-conventional morality (9 and under) no personal code of morality. Shaped by the standards of adults and the consequences of following or breaking the rules. 2. Conventional morality (most adolescents and adults) begin to internalize the moral standards of valued adult role models. 3. Post-conventional morality - Individual judgement is based on self-chosen principles, and moral reasoning is based on individual rights and justice.

Four common dilemmas

1. Truth vs. loyalty 2. Individual vs. community 3. Short term vs. long term 4. Justice vs. mercy

Ethical dilemma

A moral decision. There is no right or wrong.

Values

Constructs representing generalized behaviors or states of affairs that are considered by the individual to be important. Affect behavior in a variety of situations. Learned through socialization. Make inferences based on behavior.

Rule based thinking

Following the highest principle or duty.

Servant leadership

Leadership role is serving others.

Theory Y

Most people are intrinsically motivated.

Ethics

Principles of right conduct or a system of moral values.

Theory X

Reflects that most people need extrinsic motivation.

Care based thinking

The Golden Rule

4 generations found in today's workplace

The Veterans (1922-42) The Baby Boomers (1943-64): work ethic characterized by ambition, an achievement orientation, and organizational loyalty The Gen Xers (1964-81): Dislike close supervision. Seek balance in their lives more than preceding generations. Millenials (1982-2005): Laid back, transparency

Ends based thinking

Utilitarian - do what's best for the greatest number of people.

4 qualities that enable a leader to build trust with followers

Vision Empathy Consistency Integrity