LEADERSHIP EXAM 1
a tool to advance change and innovation in which software is used for collecting, organizing, and synthesizing large amounts of data in layers with complex relationships
mind mapping
a method or system of organizing and delivering nursing care, including the manner in which nursing care is organized to deliver the care necessary to meet the needs of the patients. The delivery system encompasses work delegation, resource utilization, communication methodologies, clinical decision-making processes, and management structure
patient care delivery model
a tool to improve the clarity and objective identification of a patient care needs. The goal of the system is to provide the most valid and reliable information specific to work that needs to be done for patients
patient classification system
a contemporary differentiation between managers and leadership is that management focuses on analysis, whereas leadership focuses on synthesis, true or false?
true
all conflict is resolvable if there is a good match between commitment and effort of the parties, use of best methodology, and the clarity and effectiveness of the solutions obtained, true or false?
true
all staff must participate in shared governance activities, true or false?
true
for a professional, the identification of the profession becomes a part of the persons identity such that it is impossible to separate the person from the profession, true or false?
true
leadership courage indicates a specific level of self-understanding and personal knowledge about individual motivation, principles, and ethics. true or false?
true
one of the differences between the management function and the leadership function is that managers are accountable for staffing, and leaders are more accountable for engaging, true or false?
true
one of the primary roles of the nurse is to coordinate, facilitate, and integrate interdisciplinary interaction around elements of professional practice and patient care to ensure synthesis and safety for the patient, true or false?
true
the code of ethics for nurses serves as a foundation for the exercise of nursing practice, true or false?
true
the leader must set aside time for formal leadership reflection about personal skills and development needs and should develop a strong relationship with the leadership mentor, true or false?
true
validity of pt classification systems: a. is about the accuracy of the system to measure the work of pt care b. requires a minimum amount of clinical intervention categories c. does not change over time d. is only essential when the data are used for pt billing
A
which innovation leadership behaviors support building networks of people? a. boundary spanning b. leveraging opportunity c. risk-taking d. visioning
A
reliability of pt classification systems: a. requires the use of a standardized nursing language b. is high when the ratings by system users are identical c. requires use of the system for at least 12 months d. does not exist if the interrater reliability is less than 85%
C
staffing adequacy: a. is determined by multiple factors, including nurse competence and pt care needs b. does not vary by shift c. can be assured with good planning of nurses' work schedules d. requires experienced nurses and supportive managers
C
the ordering of entities into groups or classes on the basis of their similarity, minimizing within-group variance and maximizing between-group variance
classification
guiding principles that enumerate the expectations of members of the profession and the personal and performance standards that represent what is best in the work of the profession
code of ethics
innovation and change: a. similar but distinct concepts b. are the same concepts c. are based on the same assumptions d. are avoided by healthcare workers
A
taking risks to advance change and innovation: a. catalyzes change efforts b. disrupts change efforts c. is not recommended for nurses d. helps maintain the status quo
A
negative fantasies about change: a. are important considerations in reality checking b. encourage creativity and innovation c. can be serious obstacles to embracing change and innovation d. are more prevalent in newer employees
C
change competencies include: a. common understanding of definitions and descriptions of change b. expertise in completing checklists c. knowledge of team members ability to create a business case d. emphasizing the limitations of other team members' competencies
A
A leader realizes that due to increased economic stress on the facility, he/she is forced to reduce his workforce by 10%. Which of the following represents the conditions under which this leader is performing? a. emergent conditions b. evidence of best practice c. digitalization d. collaboration
A
The first 10 years of your career encompasses socialization, building knowledge and skills, and gaining confidence. This stage is known as what? a. promise stage b. momentum stage c. harvest stage d. re-entry stage
A
Two members of a team have differing opinions on the best course of action. One member feels a staff reduction is inevitable while the other believes a staff reduction can be avoided if volumes are increased. Which of the following best describes what these two team members are experiencing? a. conflict b. ethical dilemma c. peer review d. crisis
A
Which of the following answers best describes the result of arriving at consensus? a. all involved parties agree to abide by the way the conflict has been resolved b. conflict has been resolved by formal mediation with an external mediator c. conflict is addressed by majority rules vote d. the individual with highest rank in the organization resolves the conflict
A
Which of the following best describes shared governance? a. a structure and process that embodies the principles of equity, partnership, accountability, and ownership, which are necessary for professional autonomy to flourish b. a type of leadership involving participation and staff feedback which leaders used to make decisions about the work of patient care c. a well articulated and clear philosophy which guides day-to-day activities, embraces risk-taking in a vision for the future d. a type of leadership in which leaders are visible, accessible, and able to communicate effectively with peers and staff
A
Which of the following can be used as approaches to staffing decisions ? (select all that apply) a. nurse to pt ratios b. pt acuity classification systems c. different RN skill mix or competency requirements d. state legislative requirements
A, B, C, D
Which of the following does the ANA Code of Ethics state that a nurse will do? (select all that apply) a. a nurse is responsible and accountable for individual nursing practices b. a nurse determines the appropriate delegation of tasks consistent with the nurse's obligation to provide optimum patient care c. a nurse owes the same duties to self as to others d. a nurse participates in establishing, maintaining, and improving health care environments
A, B, C, D
career development includes which elements? (select all that apply) a. intentional career planning b. education c. job analysis d. job search and employment
A, B, C, D
A leader needs to be comfortable with conflict. Which of the following factors are important for this to occur? (Select all that apply) a. a leader must assess his or her level of comfort and self-expression in the presence of conflict b. a leader must be comfortable with the self-expression of feelings, personal insights, and challenges to prevailing views and circumstances c. a leader must be able to maintain authority and minimize conflict d. a good leader must be able to embrace his/her own feelings regardless of their intensity
A, B, D
Change in nursing can occur through Evidence Based Practice, which of the following are components of evidence based practice? a. best available research b. clinical expertise c. efficiency d. pt preferences and values
A, B, D
In considering staffing or patient acuity classification systems, which of the following describe what validity should measure? (select all that apply ) a. the extent to which data are reproducible b. the extent to which a workforce management system measures what it is designed to measure c. the extent to which managers measure how long staff members have worked for organization d. the extent to which one has the ability to quantify and/or predict patient needs for nursing care
A, B, D
according to our text, change can be best described by which of the following characteristics? (select all that apply) a. an alteration of the current state b. occurs in controlled, orderly steps c. is normative in a complex system d. infrequently occurs in the health care environment
A, C
Which of the following are embedded in the fear of conflict? (select all that apply) a. personal security or insecurity b. creativity c. identity d. relational integrity
A, C, D
project management templates and processes: a. are ideally suited for complex change and innovation b. can remove obstacles to creativity c. consider deviations from the plan to be negative d. accelerate the orderly work of change
C
A nurse is responsible for the care of a patient who has a rare condition of which many, including hospital administrators, are unfamiliar. The nurses takes it upon herself to communicate the very clear needs of this patient to physicians and administrators. Which best describes the process this nurse undertaking to communicate the needs of this patients? a. public policy b. advocacy c. governance d. accountability
B
A patient care delivery model dividing responsibilities by tasks such as medication administration, treatments, ADLs is best described as which of the following? a. primary nursing b. functional nursing c. team nursing d. total pt care nursing
B
Membership in a profession is earned by which of the following? a. joining an organization b. obtaining and maintaining a unique body of knowledge c. applying for a position described as professional d. none are correct
B
a leader's role in change and innovation is to: a. take credit for others' ideas b. facilitate the conditions for change and innovation to occur c. provide permission to staff to solve problems d. take suggestions but make the ultimate decision unilaterally
B
equitable nurse patient assignments: a. require experienced nurses to create nurse assignments b. are positively related to nurse satisfaction c. are nearly impossible in complex patient care settings d. are typically limited to core staff
B
innovation and performance improvement: a. are two different change methodologies b. exist as a continuum, each informing the other c. are in direct opposition to each other d. are both required in high-performing organizations
B
non-value-added work: a. will continuedue to pt expectations b. should be identified and eliminated whenever possible c. can be identified easily during unit focus groups d. is not an area of significant concern for nurses
B
ratio staffing: a. is strongly correlated with positive pt outcomes b. is strongly correlated with nursing satisfaction c. requires specific state legislation to implement d. does not consider the variations in pt care needs
B
resistance to change and innovation: a. increases the chances for creativity b. is not uncommon and needs to be mediated c. provides a stopgap measure that halts inappropriate changes d. limited to individuals with excessive workload requirements
B
leadership roles include which of the following characteristics? (select all that apply) a. leaders have subordinates b. leadership has little to do with traditional notions of management c. leaders tend to influence others by virtue of their relationship skills d. leadership is about the people rather than the work
B, C, D
A nurse leader may be asked to send staff home early, postpone admissions, postpone non-emergent care, and reevaluate patient acuity ratings. All these tasks are used to address which of the following issues in regards to staffing? a. shifts b. nurse fatigue c. variances d. historical trends
C
All of the following are considered characteristics of a profession except: a. a body of knowledge b. a social mandate for important work c. being governed by another profession d. a code of ethics
C
An anemic patient arrives in the emergency room. Obviously, the patient would require a blood transfusion to treat her anemia. While gathering the patient's medical history, it is found that she is a Jehovah's Witness and the patient refuses the blood therapy. This situation is an example of which aspect of evidence-based practice? a. best research evidence b. clinical expertise c. patient values d. innovation
C
One of the largest mistakes a leader can make is believing everyone is equal. A leader must recognize the unique aptitude and skill set each member of the team offers and respect each person according their unique contribution. Which of the following describes the process of recognizing and honoring these individual differences? a. equality b. autonomy c. equity d. hierarchy
C
You are asked to lead a committee to update the emergency room at your facility. As leader, you recommend analyzing workflows, taking photos, and interviewing current members of the staff to ensure the proper needs of the department are being met and to achieve the desired outcome. Which tool have you chosen to advance this change and innovation? a. directed imagery b. mind mapping c. deep dive d. brainstorming
C
change: a. always associated with chaos b. can be controlled using project management software c. is an inevitable life process d. is best managed by an individual with expertise in change theory
C
core schedules: a. are based on budgeted hours b. should be adjusted at least quarterly c. are based on trended patient care needs over time d. are inconsistent with ratio staffing models
C
innovation differs from performance improvement because innovation: a. uses a process to achieve an outcome b. is founded on evidence c. creates something new to the population experiencing it d. improves existing solutions
C
A cardiology practice depends on a number of different individuals with varying skill sets. It requires competent nursing staff to provide care, adequate technical staff to produce high quality electrocardiograms and echocardiograms, as well as support staff to fill prescriptions and coordinate appointments. The combination of this group of individuals is an example of which of the following? a. analysis b. synthesis c. hierarchy d. shared governance
D
A nurse leader decides the patient care delivery model that is most successful for her unit is to create three - person groups that are responsible for delivering patient care to an assigned groups of patients. Which model is the nurse leader implementing on her/his unit? a. functional nursing b. primary nursing c. pod nursing d. team or modular nursing
D
Which of the following answers best describes a patient care delivery model? a. includes identification of key stakeholders in strategic planning for unit b. schematic representation of patient volume by unit c. model that excludes work delegation and resource utilization d. method or system of organizing and delivering nursing care
D
Which of the following describes the meaning of the concept of a profession providing a socially sanctioned or mandated? a. licensing regulations may exist b. there are penalties for nonperformance or professional wrongs c. competence is necessary to hold membership d. all of the above are correct
D
an innovation process should start by: a. brainstorming solutions b. implementing ideas c. asking colleagues about possible solutions d. understanding the evidence and literature of the problem
D
evidence for staffing specific to nurse fatigue: a. is unique for each team of nurses on a particular unit b. is inconclusive for healthcare workers c. identifies work practices that can be performed safely d. includes information specific to shift hours worked, weekly hours worked, and number of days worked in a row
D
measurement of change: a. best done with financial metrics b. best done with a single quantitative or qualitative metric c. should be distinct from measurement of innovation d. requires consideration of the goals and variables involved in the change
D
measuring staffing adequacy: a. requires knowledge of recent research evidence b. is essential for medicare certification c. is a quarterly evaluation of evidence for nurse staffing, physician availability, and reimbursement d. is an ongoing evaluation of matching pt care needs with appropriate nurse staffing and outcomes achieved
D
patient care delivery models: a. are most commonly based on the team model b. are best used in academic medical centers c. are required for medicare reimbursement d. form the foundation for workforce management goals
D
there are certain times when change is not appropriate and should not occur, change should be avoided when: a. the funding to support the change is not available b. the anticipated value is positive c. selected team members are resistant d. there is no clear rationale or improvement anticipated
D
what is change? a. never consistent b. never constant c. is not a condition of living d. consistent, constant, and a condition of living
D
what principle(s) should the leader follow in leading peers daily? a. be involved in the intensity of the day-to-day activities of work b. become overwhelmed by day-to-day pressures c. only see the day's work ahead d. avoid becoming overwhelmed by day-to-day pressures, see beyond the day's work, and help staff find meaning and sustainability in their work
D
The role of management includes which of the following characteristics? (select all that apply) a. managers have subordinates b. management is an organizational position and function c. manager shave a horizontal relationship to those they manage d. management style is largely transactional
a, b, d
a person who coordinates, integrates, facilitates, and provides a context for the performance of the people in the organization
leader
leaders ____ a context for the performance of the people of the organization (select all that apply) a. coordinate b. facilitate c. integrate d. provide
a, b, c, d
focuses on the predictability, equilibrium, and linear evolution, while limiting flexibility and variation to accomplish a goal
linear change
a demonstration that professionals have coalesced their efforts in the clinical team in a way that results in a positive impact on the health of those they serve; an obligation to account for or explain the events
accountability
breaking down the components of a problem or issue into parts or elements
analysis
an organizational position and function; have subordinates and a vertical relationship to those under them
managers
a tool to advance change and innovation in which a particular area is selected for observation in multiple ways; workflows, photos, interviews, and observations are gathered by a team to analyze current processes and brainstorm new ways of doing the current work processes
deep dive
a tool to advance change and innovation in which a situation is proposed to encourage and advance new ideas
directed creativity
a measure of condition
equality
a measure of value
equity
practice based on facts and truth; the integration of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values
evidence based practice
nursing practices based on research conducted so that evidence may be presented
evidentiary dynamics
EBP is grounded in good policy and reflects inconsistent standardization and procedures, true or false?
false
emotions must be controlled and separated from the conflict so that the real issues can be addressed more directly, true or false?
false
friendship is not a critical element to leadership. therefore, the wise leader is reserved about transparency and realizes that self-disclosure can create problems between the leader and those whom he or she leads, true or false?
false
identity issues are the easiest to resolve because they deal only with values and personal belief, which can be quickly identified. when they are clear, they can help move the parties to early and complete resolution, true or false?
false
in working with teams, it is important for the leader to let the team know about the decisions they need to make and provide the team with the appropriate direction necessary to get to the right solution, true or false?
false
it is better to adhere to generally accepted leadership principles than to develop an individual personal leadership plan, true or false?
false
it is not the mediator's obligation to focus on the core issues of conflict; rather, it is the obligation of the parties to know their core issues and to be willing to negotiate them, true or false?
false
language is not nearly as important as action is, the way in which a nurse acts is the most important indicator of who the nurse is, true or false?
false
leaders are always interested in finding answers to problems and directing collegues to seek the most correct answers or solutions, true or false?
false
leadership means providing specific and clear direction to others so that they understand your intention and have a clear idea of your individual leadership vision, true or false?
false
nursing is a fully mature and adult profession now reflecting all of the particular characteristics of a professional delineation, true or false?
false
performance improvement and innovation cannot occur in the same organization, true or false?
false
professionals act predominantly on principle, not simply based on their knowledge, reflecting a belief that principle drives knowledge, true or false?
false
shared governance is a voluntary process that invites staff to participate in decisions that affect patient care, true or false?
false
the conflict mediator manages all elements of the conflict and assists parties to the conflict in their personal expression and in determining who needs to get what from the experience, true or false?
false
the leader works hard to create trust and does everything to make sure that the personal principles of trust are generated to colleagues so they can work in a trusting environment, true or false?
false
very few professional decisions are made at the point of service or in the patient environment, most decisions influencing nursing practice in shared governance should be made away from the patient care setting, true or false?
false
what are the five personal barriers to conflict resolution and problem solving?
fear uncertainty negativity no skills poor experience
projection of employee need based on census, patient acuity, and skill mix of available resources
forecasting
a product or process that redefines the social and economic potential of an organization or group; novel and dramatic change
innovation
look for the odd, the unrefined, and chaotic patterns
innovation processes