Leadership Test 1, Chapter 2 Leadership, Chapter 3 Leadership, Chapter 4 Leadership, Chapter 5 Leadership, Chapter 6 Leadership, Chapter 7 Leadership

The situational theory of leadership focuses on the characteristics of leaders as the most important element of the situation. Question options: True False

False

The use of substitutes to fill leadership "gaps" is often disadvantageous to organizations. Question options: True False

False

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, path clarification means that the leader works with subordinates to help them identify and learn the behaviors that will lead to successful task accomplishment and organizational rewards. Question options: True False

True

In the context of Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, if a leader describes the least preferred coworker using positive concepts, he or she is considered relationship-oriented. Question options: True False

True

The Vroom-Jago contingency model of leadership starts with the idea that a leader faces a problem that requires a solution. Question options: True False

True

The contingencies most important to leadership are the situation and followers. Question options: True False

True

The contingency approaches explain the relationship between leadership styles and effectiveness in specific situations. Question options: True False

True

According to the least preferred coworker (LPC) scale of Fiedler's model of leadership styles, if the leader describes the least preferred coworker using positive concepts, the leader: Question options: a) is relationship-oriented. b) is task-oriented c) places greater value on tasks. d) is an extrovert.

A.

According to the situational theory of leadership, a leader with a _____ provides little direction or support because complete responsibility for decisions and their implementation is turned over to followers. Question options: a) delegating leadership style b) selling leadership style c) telling leadership style d) participating leadership style

A.

Charismatic leadership is a part of the _____ of leadership. a) influence theories b) behavioral theories c) trait theories d) contingency theories

A.

Leaders who are drawn to new opportunities, are action oriented, and are more concerned with innovation, creativity, and creating new processes than with maintaining the status quo are known as: a) entrepreneurial leaders. b) autocratic leaders. c) advisory leaders. d) traditional leaders.

A.

The belief that leaders were born with certain natural abilities of power and influence characterizes the _____ of leadership. a) Great Man theories b) influence theories c) behavior theories d) contingency theories

A.

Which of the following is a characteristic of entrepreneurial leaders? a) They are concerned with innovation and creativity. b) They are unable to focus on long-term results. c) They are unwilling to learn new skills. d) They tend to be dependent on their followers.

A.

Identify the correct statement regarding leadership. a) Leadership involves administrative paperwork. b) Leadership involves noncoercive influence. c) Leadership involves unidirectional influence. d) Leadership involves maintaining the status quo.

B.

In Leadership Era 2, _____ of leadership worked because leaders could analyze their situation and develop careful plans. a) influence theories b) behavior theories c) trait theories d) relational theories

B.

In the context of Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, which of the following does leader-member relations refer to? Question options: a) It refers to the extent to which tasks given by the leaders are defined and involve specific procedures. b) It refers to the group atmosphere and members' attitudes toward and acceptance of the leader. c) It refers to the extent to which the leader has formal authority over subordinates. d) It refers to the ability to plan and direct the work of subordinates, evaluate it, and reward or punish them.

B.

Which of the following is a difference between Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership and the path-goal theory of leadership? Question options: a) The Fiedler theory discusses leader style, followers and situation, and the rewards to meet followers' needs, whereas the path-goal theory discusses leadership style and group task performance. b) The Fiedler theory made the assumption that new leaders could take over as situations change, whereas in the path-goal theory, leaders change their behaviors to match the situation. c) The Fiedler theory enables leaders to diagnose both leadership style and organizational situation, whereas the path-goal theory focuses on the characteristics of followers as the most important element of the situation. d) The Fiedler theory states that a leader can adopt the four leader styles of directing, coaching, supporting, and entrusting, whereas the path-goal theory measures leadership style with the least preferred coworker scale.

B.

Which of the following is a personal quality of leaders? a) Emotional distance b) Humility c) Conformity d) Insight into organization

B.

Which of the following is an example of initiating structure behavior of leaders? a) Showing appreciation b) Directing tasks c) Seeking input from subordinates d) Listening carefully to problems

B.

Which of the following statements is true of drive? a) Leaders with drive tend to be less ambitious. b) Leaders with drive seek achievement and have energy. c) Drive refers to truthfulness and nondeception. d) Drive is the foundation of trust between leaders and followers.

B.

According to Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership, in situations of moderate favorability, a relationship-oriented leader: Question options: a) supervises jobs that are clearly defined. b) defines task structure and establishes authority over subordinates. c) may be moderately well liked and have some power. d) may maintain poor leader-member relations.

C.

Attempts to achieve collaboration, empowerment, and diversity can succeed only if: a) leaders follow the principles and practices of the industrial era. b) managers want to treat people the way they treat machines or the bottom line. c) leaders intentionally practice and apply new paradigm principles. d) leaders hire people who think and work alike.

C.

In the context of using substitutes for leadership, which of the following factors tends to substitute for leader task orientation? Question options: a) Love-based motivation b) Socialization c) Formalized rules d) Creative and ill-defined tasks

C.

In the leader-member exchange research study on individualized leadership, leaders were trained to offer the opportunity for a high-quality relationship to all group members. According to this concept, which of the following is true of followers? a) The followers were treated in a positive or a negative way depending on their individual performances. b) The boon of establishing sharply differentiated in-group and out-group relationships was established. c) The followers who responded to the offer dramatically improved their performance. d) The in-group subordinates got better and the out-group subordinates got worse at their work respectively.

C.

It becomes easier for people to see their own opportunities for leadership when they: a) start seeing leaders as individuals who are above others. b) understand that the concept of leadership cannot continue to develop. c) stop equating leadership with greatness and public visibility. d) comprehend that leadership involves maintaining the status quo.

C.

Leader support and _____ are the two underlying dimensions of employee-centered leadership behavior. a) goal emphasis b) efficiency achievement c) interaction facilitation d) work facilitation

C.

Level 5 leaders have: a) the ability to meet all challenges without assistance. b) a strong drive for personal success. c) no need for the limelight. d) no responsibility for their company's success.

C.

Many people have never tried to be a leader because: a) they do not have leadership skills. b) they lack the personality traits necessary for leadership. c) they have no understanding of what leaders actually do. d) leadership requires executive coaching.

C.

Stage two in the development of the individualized leadership theory explored the _____ in more detail. a) vertical dyad linkage model b) partnership building c) leader-member exchange d) entrepreneurship model

C.

Steve leads the administrative department of Mayo Pvt. Ltd. He encourages people to perform to their maximum potential by providing support and regular feedback. He ensures that the opinions of his team members are considered before a decision is made. He does not believe in rigidity and inviolate procedures. In the context of the given scenario, Steve holds that: a) wealthy employees should be given more power. b) people at the bottom of the organizational hierarchy should have no power. c) human capital is more important than financial capital. d) tangible assets form the financial basis of today's economy.

C.

Which of the following characteristics was explored by the studies evaluating the characteristics of the leader-member exchange relationship? a) Income b) Educational qualification c) Value agreement d) Recruitment process

C.

Which of the following is a characteristic of new paradigm leaders? a) They are controllers. b) They are heroes. c) They are facilitators. d) They are diversity avoiders.

C.

Which of the following is a difference between leader behavior toward out-group members and in-group members? a) Leaders assign interesting assignments to out-group subordinates, whereas leaders assign primarily routine jobs to in-group subordinates and monitor their work closely. b) Leaders usually impose their views on out-group subordinates, whereas leaders sometimes defer to in-group subordinates' opinions. c) Leaders give specific directives for how to accomplish tasks and attain goals to in-group subordinates whereas leaders trust out-group subordinates to use their own approaches in solving problems. d) Leaders listen to suggestions and ideas given by in-group subordinates, whereas little interest is shown in comments and suggestions given by out-group subordinates.

C.

According to the Leadership Grid, _____ occurs when primary emphasis is given to people rather than to work outputs. a) team management b) authority-compliance management c) middle-of-the-road management d) country club management

D.

Managers and leaders are different because: a) managers promote nonconformity while leaders promote conformity. b) managers maximize opportunities while leaders minimize risk for sure results. c) managers invest in people while leaders invest in goods. d) managers maintain stability while leaders promote change.

D.

Which of the following is an example of people-oriented leader behavior? a) Planning use of resources b) Setting performance expectations c) Evaluating performance d) Displaying trust

D.

Which of the following is an important aspect that should be kept in mind by active leaders? a) Uniform thinking should be encouraged among employees. b) Decision making should be avoided if adequate information is not available. c) Setbacks have to be managed with a pessimistic mindset. d) Competing points of view have to be managed, with some people left unsatisfied.

D.

Which of the following is an underlying dimension of job-centered leadership behavior? a) Leader support b) Interaction facilitation c) Conflict minimization d) Goal emphasis

D.

Which of the following statements is true of entrepreneurial leaders? a) They stay away from risks and are unwilling to stretch themselves. b) They refrain from taking up new opportunities. c) They want everything to stay the same. d) They are dissatisfied with the present.

D.

Which of the following statements is true of self-confidence? a) It includes being arrogant and prideful. b) It causes one to become jaded and pessimistic. c) It involves managing competing points of view. d) It includes knowing and trusting in oneself.

D.

Which of the following statements is true of the Vroom-Jago contingency model of leadership? Question options: a) It made the assumption that new leaders could take over as situations change. b) It states that the leader's responsibility is to increase subordinates' motivation to attain personal and organizational goals. c) It discusses the extent to which the leader's style is relationship- or task-oriented. d) It tells the leader precisely the correct amount of participation by subordinates to use in making a particular decision.

D.

According to Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, a task-oriented leader performs better in situations of moderate favorability because human relations skills are important in achieving high group performance. Question options: True False

False

According to the situational theory of leadership, the telling style reflects a low concern for both tasks and relationships. Question options: True False

False

According to Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, if a leader uses negative concepts to describe the least preferred coworker, he or she is considered a _____. Question options: a) task-oriented leader b) "high-high" leader c) people-oriented leader d) democratic leader

A.

According to the Vroom-Jago contingency model of leadership, which of the following activities refers to delegation in decision making? Question options: a) A leader permits the group to make a decision within prescribed limits. b) A leader presents a problem to the group in a meeting. c) A leader makes a decision alone and announces it to the group. d) A leader presents a problem to the group members, gets their suggestions, and then makes the decision.

A.

Which of the following is a characteristic of advisory leaders? a) They possess the ability to influence others through communication, knowledge, and personal persuasion. b) They are responsible for accomplishing specific business results rather than developing broad organizational capabilities. c) They lack an exceptionally high level of integrity and honesty. d) They typically do not have the strong position power of the collaborative role

A.

Which of the following is a characteristic of collaborative leaders? a) They don't have the strong position power of the collaborative role. b) They provide guidance and support to other people and departments in the organization. c) They need high self-confidence and tend to be assertive. d) They are responsible for developing broad organizational capabilities.

A.

Which of the following is a characteristic of new paradigm leaders? a) They are humble. b) They are competitive. c) They are stabilizers. d) They are diversity avoiders.

A.

Executive coaches: a) help leaders develop emotional distance from their followers. b) encourage leaders to confront their flaws that inhibit effective leadership. c) intentionally value stability over change. d) help people through the transition to an old paradigm of effective leadership.

B.

Which of the following is stated by the contingency approach to leadership? Question options: a) A leadership style that works in one situation might not work in another situation. b) The contingencies seek to investigate traits that can improve performance in all situations. c) The contingencies most important to leadership are the leaders. d) There is only one best way of leadership.

A.

Which of the following statements is an outdated stereotype about leaders? a) Leaders are different and above others. b) All leaders are sometimes followers as well. c) Leaders should not commit to something outside their own self-interest. d) Leaders do not need followers.

A.

Which of the following statements is true of individualized leadership? a) It holds that leadership is a series of dyads or a series of two-person interactions. b) It assumes that a leader adopts a general leadership style that is used with all group members. c) It is based on the notion that leaders should not develop relationships with subordinates. d) It is against the concept of exchange, what each party gives to and receives from the other.

A.

Which of the following statements is true of leaders who work collaboratively? a) They learn to keep the lines of communication open. b) They wield their authority rather than using influence. c) They encourage internal competition and aggressiveness. d) They hoard power rather than share it.

A.

According to Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, which of the following indicates a high degree of task structure? Question options: a) Ill-defined tasks b) Routine tasks c) Creative tasks d) Research tasks

B.

An important contribution of Fiedler's research on the contingency model of leadership is that it: Question options: a) uses weights that are determined in an arbitrary manner in order to determine situation favorability . b) goes beyond the notion of leadership styles to try to show how styles fit a situation. c) recommends medium least preferred coworker leaders as they are more effective in many situations. d) is clear about how the model will work over time.

B.

Daniel, a management professor, wants to explain why a new paradigm leader is a facilitator rather than being a controller. Which of the following is the correct reason? a) The most important element of an organization's revenues is becoming the number of working hours. b) The financial basis of today's economy is becoming information rather than tangible assets. c) The old assumptions of sharing power and getting all employees involved are no longer valid. d) The success of an organization in today's world depends on the wealth of its owners.

B.

High-quality leader-member exchange relationships: a) lead to poor job satisfaction in the long run. b) have been found to lead to very positive outcomes for the organization. c) pertain to lesser responsibility and authority in the case of followers. d) support the sharply differentiated in-group and out-group relationships.

B.

In the context of the trait approach to leadership, the diversity of traits that effective leaders possess indicates that: a) leadership includes grasping diverse points of view and leaving everybody satisfied. b) leadership ability is not a genetic endowment. c) leadership ability cannot be acquired without a complete set of skills. d) leadership includes being prideful and arrogant.

B.

Management focuses on getting the most results out of people so that: a) followers can be motivated through purpose rather than rewards or punishments. b) goods and services are provided to customers in a timely manner. c) the relationship with followers can be based on personal influence and trust. d) a shared culture and set of core values that can lead to the desired future state is developed.

B.

Melanie has been promoted as the operations head of Apex Inc. She aims to lead the organization in an effective manner. Which of the following should be implemented by Melanie to achieve her aim? a) Focus on getting the most results out of people so that production goals are achieved. b) Ensure that employees are part of a community and feel that they are contributing to something worthwhile. c) Maintain a relationship based on position and formal authority and not on personal influence and trust. Incorrect Response d) Maintain a degree of stability, predictability, and order through a culture of efficiency.

B.

The fundamental assumption of substitutes-for-leadership researchers is that: Question options: a) when a task is highly satisfying and enjoyable, the leader should show acceptance and compassion as it is not provided by the task. b) effective leadership is the ability to recognize and provide the support not already provided by task, group, and organization. c) substitutes for leadership cannot be designed into organizations in ways to complement existing leadership. d) when a task is highly structured and routine, the leader should provide clarification of task objectives and responsibilities as it is not provided by the task.

B.

The third phase of research in the development of the individualized leadership theory: a) evaluated characteristics of the leader-member exchange relationship by exploring communication frequency and value agreement. b) focused on whether leaders could develop positive relationships with a large number of followers. c) argues for the importance of the dyad formed by a leader with each member of the group. d) included the awareness of a relationship between a leader and each individual rather than between a leader and a group of followers.

B.

Which of the following statements is a criticism of Fiedler's contingency theory? Question options: a) The use of the least preferred coworker score as a measure of relationship- or task-oriented behavior is complicated. b) The empirical support for the model is weak because it is based on correlational results that fail to achieve statistical significance in the majority of cases. c) It does not go beyond the notion of leadership styles to try to show how styles fit a situation. d) It fails to consider high least preferred coworker score leaders, who some studies indicate are more effective than medium least preferred coworker score leaders in all situations.

B.

Which of the following statements is true of honesty? a) It refers to high motivation that creates a high effort level by a leader. b) It implies an openness that followers welcome. c) It helps leaders interpret situations in more conservative ways. d) It includes a complete set of skills and characteristics to handle any problem.

B.

Which of the following statements is true of individualized leadership? a) It adopts a general leadership style that is used with all group members. b) It looks at the specific relationship between a leader and each individual follower. c) It holds that leaders have particular traits that distinguish them from non-leaders. d) It conceptualizes leadership as a single great individual who can put everything together and influence others to follow along.

B.

Which of the following statements is true of talents? a) Talents include having a complete set of skills and abilities to handle any problem. b) Talents can be turned into strengths by consciously enhancing them. c) Talents are not mere aspects of one's potential. d) Talents arise from natural strengths.

B.

Which of the following statements is true of the art and science of leadership? a) Leadership is a science because many leadership skills and qualities cannot be learned from a textbook. b) Most people can learn to be good leaders no matter their innate characteristics. c) Many people have never tried to be a leader because it requires executive coaching. d) Leadership is an art because a growing body of knowledge and objective facts describes the leadership process.

B.

According to the Vroom-Jago contingency model of leadership, if subordinates have a high level of expertise in relation to a problem, _____. Question options: a) the leader should not allow the group to make the decision alone b) the leader has to be actively involved in decision making c) more responsibility for the decision can be delegated to them d) subordinates will have low commitment to the decision

C.

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, _____ involves planning, making schedules, setting performance goals and behavior standards, and stressing adherence to rules and regulations. Question options: a) achievement-oriented leadership b) participative leadership c) directive leadership d) supportive leadership

C.

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, the personal characteristics of followers, which is a situational contingency, includes factors such as: Question options: a) the degree of task structure. b) the work group. c) motivation. d) formality.

C.

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, which of the following leadership styles stresses high-quality performance and improvement over current performance? Question options: a) Participative leadership b) Directive leadership c) Achievement-oriented leadership d) Supportive leadership

C.

According to the situational theory of leadership, a _____ can be effective when followers have the necessary education, skills, and experience but might be insecure in their abilities and need some encouragement from the leader. Question options: a) telling leadership style b) selling leadership style c) participating leadership style d) delegating leadership style

C.

According to the situational theory of leadership, a leader with a _____ provides detailed objectives and explicit instructions about how tasks should be accomplished. Question options: a) participating style b) selling style c) telling style d) delegating style

C.

According to the trait approach to leadership, which of the following is categorized as a social characteristic of leaders? a) Optimism b) Knowledge c) Cooperativeness d) Humility

C.

People in organizations rise to the top because they: a) refrain from creating hopes that things will turn out well. b) have the ability to identify problems. c) can instill in others a sense of hope for the future. d) are always cautious when interpreting situations.

C.

Which of the following is an example of consideration behavior of leaders? a) Directing tasks and planning b) Providing explicit schedules for work activities c) Seeking input from subordinates regarding important decisions d) Getting people to work hard and ruling with an iron hand

C.

Which of the following is an important characteristic of organizations during Leadership Era 3? a) High-performance culture b) Functional management c) Cross-functional teams d) Pre-bureaucratic organization

C.

Which of the following statements is true of Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership? Question options: a) Task-oriented leaders do not excel in a favorable situation because a great deal of structure and task direction is needed. b) Task structure needs to be defined if a situation is highly favorable to a leader. c) Relationship-oriented leaders are more effective in situations of moderate favorability. d) Relationship-oriented leaders excel in unfavorable situations because everyone gets along and the tasks are clear.

C.

Which of the following statements is true of people involved in the leadership relationship? a) They share a passive relationship. b) They seek changes dictated by leaders. c) They intentionally desire significant changes. d) They use coercion to bring about change.

C.

According to Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, position power is low when the leader has: Question options: a) the power to plan and direct the work of subordinates. b) the power to reward or punish the work of subordinates. c) the authority to create tasks. d) little authority over subordinates and cannot evaluate their work.

D.

According to Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership, which of the following statements is true of task-oriented leaders? Question options: a) They are more effective in a situations where they have little authority over subordinates and cannot evaluate their work or reward them. b) They are more effective in situations of moderate favorability. c) They are more effective in favorable situations because the task is not clear to everybody. d) They are more effective when a situation is highly unfavorable because a great deal of structure and task direction is needed.

D.

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, when a subordinate is unchallenged by a task, a(n) _____ is used to set higher goals. Question options: a) supportive leadership behavior b) empowering leadership behavior c) directive leadership behavior d) achievement-oriented leadership behavior

D.

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, which of the following leadership styles involves consulting with subordinates about decisions? Question options: a) Directive leadership b) Supportive leadership c) Achievement-oriented leadership d) Participative leadership

D.

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, which of the following situational contingencies consists of the educational level of subordinates and the quality of relationships among them? Question options: a) Human relations skills b) Task structures c) Formal authority systems d) Work-group characteristics

D.

According to the situational theory of leadership, a leader with a _____ provides both task instruction and personal support, explains decisions, and gives followers a chance to ask questions and gain clarity about work tasks. Question options: a) participating leadership style b) telling leadership style c) delegating leadership style d) selling leadership style

D.

An important aspect of leadership is: a) dictating changes required in an organization. b) maintaining a passive relationship with followers. c) maintaining the status quo and not creating change. term-6 d) influencing others to come together around a common vision.

D.

Erica, a team manager, was known for heading projects with diligence and conscientiousness. However, she was insensitive and excessively ambitious. She did not take feedback in a constructive manner. This prevented her from advancing in her career because she had problems motivating and communicating with her team members. In the context of the given scenario, which of the following phenomena does Erica experience? a) Communication apprehension b) Fear-based motivation c) Paradigm change d) Derailment

D.

Fred, the president of Choice Inc., is providing general guidelines to managers in his organization on how to develop effective personal qualities. Which of the following should be a part of the guidelines? a) Invest in people rather than in goods. b) Create change and a culture of agility and integrity. Incorrect Response c) Focus on providing answers and solving problems. d) Have the courage to admit mistakes and doubts.

D.

In the context of the path-goal theory of leadership, which of the following statements is true of supportive leadership? Question options: a) It involves setting clear and challenging goals for subordinates. b) It involves consulting with subordinates about decisions. c) It involves telling subordinates exactly what they are supposed to do. d) It involves showing concern for subordinates' well-being and personal needs.

D.

Linda heads the proofreading team of Ink Heart Pvt. Ltd., a publishing firm. She wants to align her followers toward the main objectives of the organization. Which of the following strategies should Linda apply? a) Organize a structure to accomplish the plan. b) Staff an organizational structure with employees. Incorrect Response c) Direct employees and monitor implementation of plans. d) Communicate the vision and develop a shared culture.

D.

Which of the following is a quality of managers? a) They create vision and strategy instead of planning and budgeting. b) They use personal influence instead of the power of their position. c) They invest in people instead of investing in goods. d) They have expert minds rather than open minds.

D.

Which of the following is an example of task-oriented leader behavior? a) Giving time and encouragement b) Showing acceptance and compassion c) Acknowledging accomplishments d) Checking the progress and quality of work

D.

Which of the following statements is true of Leadership Era 4? a) This is the era of Great Man leadership and the emphasis on personal traits of leaders. b) This era may be conceptualized as pre-industrial and pre-bureaucratic. c) This era sees the rise of the "rational manager" who directs and controls others using an impersonal approach. d) This era requires the full scope of leadership that goes beyond rational management or team leadership.

D.

Which of the following statements is true of entrepreneurship? a) Entrepreneurship advocates dependence as the key to effective leadership. b) Leaders with entrepreneurial traits are dependent on others for making decisions. c) Entrepreneurship involves maintaining the status quo for established organizations. d) Leaders with entrepreneurial traits exist within established organizations.

D.

Which of the following statements is true of uniformity in organizations? a) It is encouraged in the new paradigm of leadership. b) People with similar job skills are placed in separate departments. c) Homogenous groups find it challenging to communicate with one another. d) Uniform thinking can be a disaster in a multinational and diverse world.

D.

Which of the following things should leaders know in order to use Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership? Question options: a) They should conclude that they are task-oriented leaders if they are moderately well liked, have some power, and supervise jobs that contain some ambiguity. b) They should identify themselves as relationship-oriented leaders if they define the task structure and can establish authority over subordinates. c) They should assume that they are more effective as task-oriented leaders if they perform better in situations of intermediate favorability. d) They should diagnose the situation and determine whether leader-member relations, task structure, and position power are favorable or unfavorable.

D.

Wilma supervises the mutual funds team of Verdana Pvt. Ltd. She listens to the needs and opinions of her subordinates and does not believe in simply giving orders. She understands and accepts others when they do not share a certain mindset. She readily admits her mistakes and doubts, Which of the following qualities of Wilma is depicted in this scenario? a) Conformist qualities b) Controlling qualities c) Management qualities d) Leadership qualities

D.

_____ refers to a tendency to see the positive side of things and expect that things will turn out well. a) Integrity b) Honesty c) Drive d) Optimism

D.

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, when an incorrect reward is given to a subordinate, directive leadership behavior is used to change this. Question options: True False

False