Lecture 8 beyond 2 sex/ 2 gender

India: ______ = '3rd gender' First Nations of North America (Historic): ______-Spirit Albania: 'Sworn Virgins' Afghanistan: 'Bacha Posh'

Hijra; Two

The movie 'Being Me' introduced us to 3 terms • Trans • __________ • Trans_________

Transsexual; gender

Transgender Individuals whose gender __ may not match their physical, sexual characteristics or sex assigned at _______

id; birth

Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation Identifying as trans does ____ tell us anything about someone's sexual ______ Gender identity and sexual orientation are not the same thing

not; orientation

2 sex/ 2 gender system in North America On one hand, yes, humans & other mammals with a system of _______ ____________, have male body forms and female body forms "Human bodies are ____________", but in more limited ways than we are used to thinking

sexual; reproduction; dimorphic

"In 2012, _________ pioneered the first law for gender self-determination, allowing individuals to ______-determine their gender identity and obliging government to respect this, including in its official documents (such as identity cards) and the health-care system

Argentina; self

Gender __________ - Medical diagnosis - Gender Dysphoria: broad term used to describe phenomena such as extreme _____- of one's _______; incongruity 不调和 be/w genital anatomy [sex] and gender identity - Is not the same thing as _______ dysphoria - Body Dysphoria is a "body image disorder characterized by persistent and intrusive preoccupations with an imagined or slight defect in one's appearance -Recognized in the DSM-V as an _________ disorder

Dysphoria; dislike; body; body; anxiety

_________ (Also Non-Binary) As defined by glaad.org: " Term used by some people who experience their gender identity and/or gender expression as falling ______ the categories of man and woman. They may define their gender as falling somewhere in between man and woman, or they may define it as wholly different from these terms. The term is not a synonym for transgender or transsexual and should only be used if someone self-identifies as non-binary"

Nonbinary; outside

Drag • "_________ art form that plays on gender stereotypes. Performers act out stereotypical gender roles. These are performance roles, not personal identities"

Performance

Cisgender • "Refers to a person whose gender identity ______ with the gender and sex assigned at ______ (i.e., not a transgender man/woman). Colloquially shortened to "cis" or combined as cis woman or cis man. The word cisgender distinguishes without assuming that cisgender is the neutral or normal state." • "Cisgender means "on the ______ side" as the sex assigned at birth"

aligns; birth; same

An individual may not feel the need to surgically ________ their bodies/sex • But at the same time, they may not feel the need to _______ to society's expectations of their biological sex or society's expectations of gender norms • Does not tell us anything about someone's sexual orientation

change; conform

Cross-Dresser • "Preferred term for a person who wears ______ most often associated with a ______ gender, and who self-identifies as such (e.g. as a cross-dresser). Not connected to sexual orientation. Not synonymous with transgender, drag queen or drag king."

clothing; different

the spectrum of sex is _________ (not binary)

continuum

Transitioning • People who experience gender ————————— may undergo 经过 physical changes/ medical procedures/ social changes in order to affirm their gender identity • transitioning refers to a host of activities that people may pursue in order to affirm their gender _______. This may (or may not) include physical changes from medication, surgery, etc "

dysphoria; identity

Trans • Definition: "The term "trans refers in a general way to people who _______ transition between physical _______, and / or live between ________. Terms that are sometimes used elsewhere include transgender, transsexual, _________, gender variant, and many others. "

either; sexes; genders; genderqueer

"Cross-dressing is not necessarily linked to _____ activity nor is it indicative of sexual orientation. Because of its inappropriate association with psychiatric disorders, the out-dated term 'transvestite' is considered offensive."

erotic

"Being Two-Spirited is also viewed by some as going beyond sexual orientation or activity because in most Aboriginal societies, sexual activity and orientation issues were ____ openly discussed. Some feel the term Two-Spirit is more of a ______ role and/or spiritual identity that people, who are now more commonly known as gay/ lesbian/bisexual/Trans might have played within Traditional societies, such as ________; keepers of certain ceremonies; transcending the accepted roles of men and women in many cases filling the roles an established middle gender.

not; societal; mediators

Intersex • Definition: "Refers to a person whose biological/anatomical sex is ______ conventional classifications of male or female." • "This may be due to genetic, hormonal and/or anatomical variations. This word replaces the out-dated and disparaging term 'hermaphrodite'". • "The term intersex is not interchangeable with Transgender or Transsexual" Challenge 2 sex/ 2 gender system

outside

One route of transitioning is gender-confirming ________ (also called gender reassignment surgeries, sex reassignment surgeries): "Refers to surgical alteration of anatomy to affirm one's gender identity. This is only one of many routes of transition. Whether for financial, medical or social reasons, many trans people do not opt for surgery " • Some of the other routes of transition can include counselling, hormones, social & legal transition to the proper identity (e.g. changing official documents) • Depends on the person and many personal considerations

surgeries

Hijra • On one hand, there is some tolerance of the hijra. This _________ mainly stems from the inclusion of gender variant deities in the ______ religion You will also read about the historical role of the "ennuch" in the Muslim court in India. • But on the other, there is discrimination and fear and this is a marginalized community • This paradox is captured in this fascinating Indian public service announcement using hijra to educate people about wearing their seat belts Hijra Seatbelt Crew

tolerance; Hindu

"Individuals may be assigned male or female at birth, but identify with the other sex and need to change their appearance and / or medically transition to reflect the person they understand themselves to be" • This characteristic has been used as a ____________ (& medical) definition of transsexual (but see slide 21).

traditional

"Being _______ is an individual path, where the only rule is that one does what one needs to, in order to be at peace with themselves.

trans;

Transsexual • Trans Pride Canada 2012: "While this term is embraced by some gender variant peoples as an identity, this term is also rejected by others and should, therefore, be used with informed caution. Many trans people identify as ________, rather than transsexual, because they are uncomfortable with the psychiatric origins of the term 'transsexual. Furthermore, there is a linguistic objection in that the embedded suffix "sexual" creates confusion. It falsely implies that trans issues are issues of ________ and not of gender & sex." • As always, use the terms preferred by individuals, and do so in an unqualified manner

transgender; sexuality

Male Gender Variant: Woman-Man • Sex assigned at birth: male • Not identified in society as a man or woman, but as an alternate gender (Woman-Man) • Engages in women's work • Dresses in_________'s clothes • No gender reassignment procedures

women