Lifespan Development Chapter 12
53. Groups of people with whom one compares oneself are called a) associates. b) cohorts. c) reference groups. d) social reference.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 406 Skill: Factual LO 12.8: Explain how relationships with peers change during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
78. The age at which adolescents have sexual intercourse for the first time is ________, and _____ have had sex before the age of 20. a) increasing: 25% b) declining; 50% c) declining; 80% d) increasing; 40%
; Answer: C Level: Difficult Page: 414 Skill: Factual LO 12.10: Describe the functions and characteristics of dating during adolescence and how sexuality develops. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
91. Even though there is a decline in the birth rate for U.S. teenagers, the rate of teenage pregnancy in the U.S. is ________ compared to other industrialized countries. a) 2 to 10 times higher b) 5 to 10 times higher c) 2 to 3 times lower d) 3 to 4 times lower
Answer: A Level: Difficult Page: 417 Skill: Factual LO 12.12: Summarize the challenges of teen pregnancy and the types of programs that are most effective in preventing it. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
77. The term masturbation refers to a) solitary sexual self-stimulation. b) abstinence from sexual stimulation. c) changes in sexual organs due to puberty. d) changes in sexual thoughts due to puberty.
Answer: A Level: Easy Page: 413-414 Skill: Factual LO 12.10: Describe the functions and characteristics of dating during adolescence and how sexuality develops. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
1. Adrienne is a 16-year-old girl who is searching for her identity. Which of the following would be an example of the search for her self-concept? a) She would describe herself using only a list of traits. b) She would have a broader view of herself, and be able to see various aspects of herself simultaneously. c) She would look at herself from a purely physical perspective. d) She would be able to consider only her views.
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 390 Skill: Applied LO 12.1: Describe how self-concept and self-esteem develop during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Apply
2. If an adolescent has awareness of his/her self-concept, he/she would be considering which of the following? a) having awareness of personal traits as abstractions b) being able to look at various aspects of the self each in isolation c) considering only traits he/she fully likes in himself/herself d) being unaware of the views of others
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 391 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.1: Describe how self-concept and self-esteem develop during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
9. According to Erikson, if an adolescent struggles to find and adopt a suitable identity, he/she may do which of the following? a) exhibit socially unacceptable roles as a way of expressing what/who they do not want to be b) readily forming and maintaining long-lasting and close personal relationships c) develop a sense of self that is concentrated on a unified core identity d) develop an identity disorder/mental illness such as schizophrenia
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 392 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.2: Summarize how Erikson explains identity formation during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
5. Recent studies indicate that, due to social movements within the African American community, African American adolescents a) differ little with regard to self-esteem when compared with Caucasian American adolescents. b) continue to demonstrate lower self-esteem when compared with Caucasian American adolescents. c) demonstrate a stronger sense of racial identity and a higher level of self-esteem when compared with Hispanic Americans. d) demonstrate a weaker sense of racial identity and a higher level of self-esteem when compared with Asian Americans.
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 392 Skill: Factual LO 12.1: Describe how self-concept and self-esteem develop during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
15. According to James Marcia's definition, crisis is a) a period of identity development in which an adolescent consciously chooses between various alternatives and makes decisions. b) a period in which the adolescent finds himself/herself in physical jeopardy or danger. c) a period in which the adolescent makes a psychological investment in a course of action or an ideology. d) a period in which the adolescent finds himself/herself having to make the decision to take a psychological moratorium.
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Factual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
22. According to James Marcia, the status of adolescents who may have explored various identity alternatives to some degree, but have not yet committed themselves, is called a) moratorium. b) identity achievement. c) identity diffusion. d) identity foreclosure.
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Factual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
24. According to James Marcia, the status of adolescents who consider various identity alternatives, but never commit to one, or never even consider identity options in any conscious way, is called a) identity diffusion. b) moratorium. c) identity foreclosure. d) identity achievement.
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Factual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
28. Which of the following models suggests that U.S. society is made up of diverse, coequal cultural groups that should preserve their cultural features? a) pluralistic society model b) bicultural identity model c) multicultural model d) cultural assimilation or melting pot model
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 396 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.5: Discuss the challenges ethnic and minority groups face in identity formation in adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
42. Which of the following is an alarm or warning sign of adolescent suicide? a) preoccupation with death in music, art, film, or literature b) constant wearing of black or dark clothing c) having multiple romantic interests d) interest in making new friends from outside their typical social circle
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 399 Skill: Applied LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Apply
60. A group of educators from a local school district has formed a task force to investigate racial and ethnic identity. Activities have been planned to bring students from different cultures together in an attempt to achieve more diverse understanding. However, there appears to be an issue with academic progress. The task force discovered a) if minority group students experience less academic success, they may find themselves in classes with proportionally fewer majority group members. b) majority group students do not want to interact with minority group students, so they select classes that fewer minority group students will take. c) gangs in the schools are not integrated. d) academic success has little to do with the two group interactions.
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 408-409 Skill: Factual LO 12.8: Explain how relationships with peers change during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
65. Andrew is a 16-year-old who does not participate in any sports or clubs in school, and does not attend social events or have a girlfriend. Nobody likes Andrew because he is difficult to get along with and aggressive, and, subsequently, he feels lonely. Andrew would be considered a) rejected. b) outcast. c) controversial. d) neglected.
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 409 Skill: Applied LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Apply
67. Brandy is an overweight 15-year-old girl who is neither liked nor disliked by others at her school. Rather, Brandy gets no attention from her classmates at all, and she feels as though she might as well be invisible. Brandy would be considered a) neglected. b) an outcast. c) controversial. d) rejected.
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 409 Skill: Applied LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Apply
63. Allison is well liked by the other members of her swim team, but not well liked by other adolescent girls in her homeroom class. Allison would be considered a) controversial. b) popular. c) rejected. d) neglected.
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 410 Skill: Applied LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Apply
73. While dating is a part of a pattern of courtship that can potentially lead to marriage, it can also do which of the following? a) help adolescents to learn to establish intimacy with another individual b) create unnecessary drama c) reduce status and prestige for girls, but benefit the status of boys d) establish sexual or gender identity/preference
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 413 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.10: Describe the functions and characteristics of dating during adolescence and how sexuality develops. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
80. Which of the following reflects the latest information regarding racial and ethnic differences in the timing of first intercourse? a) African Americans generally have sex for the first time earlier than do Puerto Ricans, who have sex earlier than whites do. b) There is no significant difference in when racial and ethnic groups have sex for the first time. c) Whites generally have sex for the first time at an earlier age. d) Sex education has made a significant impact on when ethnic and racial groups will have sex for the first time.
Answer: A Level: Medium Page: 413 Skill: Factual LO 12.10: Describe the functions and characteristics of dating during adolescence and how sexuality develops. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
86. When a person pursues sexual reassignment surgery because they feel as though they were born with the wrong physical sex (i.e., trapped in the wrong body), this is called being a) homosexual. b) transgendered. c) asexual. d) bisexual.
Answer: B Page: 415-416 Level: Medium Skill: Factual LO 12.11: Explain how sexual orientation develops in adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
11. According to Erikson, adolescents' reliance on peers to help them define their identities and learn to form relationships is the link between the a) industry-versus-inferiority stages. b) identity-versus-identity-confusion and intimacy-versus-isolation stages. c) identity-versus-identity-confusion and industry-versus-inferiority stages. d) identity-versus-identity-confusion and generativity-versus-stagnation stages.
Answer: B Level: Difficult Page: 393 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.2: Summarize how Erikson explains identity formation during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
34. The rate of adolescent suicide in the U.S. has _____ in the last 30 years. a) doubled b) tripled c) quadrupled d) remained the same
Answer: B Level: Difficult Page: 398 Skill: Factual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
35. The annual rate for adolescent suicide in the U.S. is _______ suicides per 100,000 adolescents. a) 15.3 b) 12.2 c) 10.4 d) 14.0
Answer: B Level: Difficult Page: 398 Skill: Factual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
79. The number of adolescents who say they have never had sexual intercourse has _________ by nearly ________ from 1991 to 2007. a) decreased: 30% b) increased; 13% c) decreased; 15% d) increased; 50%;
Answer: B Level: Difficult Page: 414 Skill: Factual LO 12.10: Describe the functions and characteristics of dating during adolescence and how sexuality develops. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
46. Which of the following adolescents is the most likely to develop a degree of autonomy at an early stage of adolescence? a) Japanese b) American c) Chinese d) Korean
Answer: B Level: Easy Page: 402-403 Skill: Factual LO 12.7: Describe what family relationships are like during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
59. What developments lead to the change in the way adolescents view the opposite sex? a) peer pressure b) onset of puberty, while at the same time societal pressures indicate it is appropriate for romantic involvement to begin c) membership in cliques or crowds d) disintegration of the parent-adolescent relationship leads adolescents to seek companionship elsewhere
Answer: B Level: Easy Page: 407 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.8: Explain how relationships with peers change during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
61. If an adolescent student is mostly liked by other students, that adolescent is considered a) well-adjusted. b) popular. c) controversial. d) envied.
Answer: B Level: Easy Page: 409 Skill: Factual LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
3. Which of the following is a primary factor in determining a typical adolescent female's self-esteem? a) bravery b) social success c) fearlessness d) athletic achievement
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 391 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.1: Describe how self-concept and self-esteem develop during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
4. Societal messages suggest that which of the following can act as a roadblock to a female's social success? a) race b) academic achievement c) socioeconomic status d) psychological development
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 391 Skill: Factual LO 12.1: Describe how self-concept and self-esteem develop during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
8. According to Erikson, the period during which teenagers seek to determine what is unique and distinctive about themselves is called a) self-disclosure. b) identity-versus-identity-confusion stage. c) self-esteem stage. d) self-concept stage.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 392 Skill: Factual LO 12.2: Summarize how Erikson explains identity formation during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
7. Some developmentalists have considered the combination of race and gender as simultaneously affecting an adolescent's self-esteem, thus coining the term a) self-concept. b) ethgender. c) multiple-gender identity. d) identity-versus-identity-confusion stage.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 392 Skill: Factual LO 12.1: Describe how self-concept and self-esteem develop during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
18. According to James Marcia, the status of adolescents who commit to a particular identity following a period of crisis during which they consider various alternatives is called a) identity foreclosure. b) identity achievement. c) moratorium. d) identity diffusion.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Factual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
23. According to James Marcia, which of the following four categories of identity development leads to adolescents living with relatively high anxiety and psychological conflict, while at the same time these adolescents can be lively and appealing and seek intimacy with others? a) identity diffusion b) moratorium c) identity foreclosure d) identity achievement
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
16. According to James Marcia's definition, commitment is a) a time when an adolescent consciously chooses between various alternatives and makes decisions. b) a psychological investment in a course of action or an ideology. c) a period when an adolescent feels he/she is mature enough for a committed relationship. d) a period of identity development when the adolescent decides whether to concentrate on his/her own development or dedicate himself/herself to others.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Factual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
20. According to James Marcia, the status of adolescents who commit to an identity without adequately exploring alternatives is called a) identity diffusion. b) identity foreclosure. c) moratorium. d) identity achievement.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Factual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
29. Which of the following models represents U.S. minority groups, which draw from their own cultural identities while integrating themselves into the dominant culture? a) pluralistic society model b) bicultural identity model c) multicultural model d) cultural assimilation or melting pot model
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 396 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.5: Discuss the challenges ethnic and minority groups face in identity formation in adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
32. Which of the following is considered an important influence in whether or not an adolescent suffers with major depression? a) having too many siblings b) having an alcoholic or depressed parent c) feeling popular and pressure to maintain a particular image d) divorce or breakup of the nuclear family
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 398 Skill: Factual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
39. When one suicide leads to attempts by others to kill themselves, this is called a) mass suicide. b) cluster suicide. c) suicide ideation. d) self-fulfilling prophecy.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 399 Skill: Factual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
51. When an adolescent provides another adolescent with opportunities to compare and evaluate opinions, abilities, and physical changes, this is called a) social reference. b) social comparison. c) peer review. d) reference groups.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 406 Skill: Factual LO 12.8: Explain how relationships with peers change during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
57. Sally's adolescent classmates call her and the other 125 members of her advanced computer software group "nerds," meaning she is part of a a) peer group. b) crowd. c) clique. d) cohort.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 406-407 Skill: Applied LO 12.8: Explain how relationships with peers change during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Apply
55. Groups of 2 to 12 people whose members have frequent social interactions with one another are called a) peers. b) cliques. c) reference groups. d) cohorts.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 406-407 Skill: Factual LO 12.8: Explain how relationships with peers change during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
56. Larger groups that are composed of individuals who share particular characteristics but who may not interact with one another are called a) cliques. b) crowds. c) peers. d) cohorts.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 406-407 Skill: Factual LO 12.8: Explain how relationships with peers change during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
70. Undersocialized delinquents share several characteristics including which of the following? a) early demonstrations of attempts at peaceful conflict resolution b) rejection by peers and adolescents due to aggression and violent tendencies c) academic success and higher than average intelligence d) likelihood of being successfully rehabilitated
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 411 Skill: Factual LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
76. What percentage of 15-year-old males and females engage in masturbation, respectively? a) 25% 25% b) 80%; 20% c) 50%; 35% d) 75%; 50%;
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 413-414 Skill: Factual LO 12.10: Describe the functions and characteristics of dating during adolescence and how sexuality develops. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
87. Studies indicate that sexual orientation is a) based primarily on genetic predisposition. b) produced by a combination of genetic, psychological, and environmental factors. c) psychologically influenced based upon family factors. d) based strictly upon a conscious choice by the person.
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 415 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.11: Explain how sexual orientation develops in adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
84. What term relates to the object of one's sexual interest? a) homosexuality b) sexual orientation c) heterosexuality d) gender identity
Answer: B Level: Medium Page: 415 Skill: Factual LO 12.11: Explain how sexual orientation develops in adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
49. When adolescents and their parents disagree, it is usually regarding a) political affiliation. b) moral issues. c) minor issues such as music preference or style of dress. d) the adolescent's career choice.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 404 Skill: Factual LO 12.7: Describe what family relationships are like during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
10. In Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development, which of the following is the positive outcome of the fifth stage, called identity-versus-identity-confusion stage? a) discovering ways to initiate actions b) developing a sense of competence c) developing awareness of uniqueness of self and knowledge of roles d) developing loving, sexual relationships, and close friendships
Answer: C Level: Difficult Page: 392 Skill: Applied LO 12.2: Summarize how Erikson explains identity formation during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Apply
88. In the last 10 years, the number of teenagers giving birth has ________ by _________. a) risen: 25% b) risen; 30% c) dropped; 30% d) dropped; 10%;
Answer: C Level: Difficult Page: 417 Skill: Factual LO 12.12: Summarize the challenges of teen pregnancy and the types of programs that are most effective in preventing it. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
17. Psychologist James Marcia proposed ____ categories of adolescent identity. a) 8 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5
Answer: C Level: Easy Page: 394-395 Skill: Factual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
74. According to the text, the term "hooking up," to adolescents, is a) getting a cell phone. b) the installation of computer internet service. c) a vague term that covers everything involved in dating from kissing to sexual intercourse. d) a specific term meaning the use of the internet to gamble or play video games.
Answer: C Level: Easy Page: 4
13. Erikson believed that because of the pressures related to the identity-versus-identity-confusion stage, many adolescents a) never have the opportunity to experience adolescence fully before they mature and move on to young adulthood. b) become psychologically scarred for life and never fully mature. c) pursue a "psychological moratorium" during which they take time off from upcoming responsibilities of adulthood to explore alternative roles and possibilities. d) regress psychologically to an earlier time in their lives or childhood where life was simpler.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 393 Skill: Factual LO 12.2: Summarize how Erikson explains identity formation during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
25. According to James Marcia, which of the following four categories of identity development leads to flighty behavior, where the adolescent shifts from one thing to another? While these persons appear carefree, their lack of commitment impairs their ability to form close relationships, and they may be withdrawn. a) moratorium b) identity foreclosure c) identity diffusion d) identity achievement
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
26. According to James Marcia, when an adolescent moves back and forth between his four categories of identity development, this is called a) identity diffusion. b) moratorium. c) a "MAMA" cycle. d) identity foreclosure.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Factual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
30. When considering the results of the 2000 and 2010 U.S. Censuses, what is one outstanding feature present in the data? a) The census represents a larger percentage of African Americans. b) The census represents a significant decrease in the number of individuals who decline to state their race. c) The census represents a significant increase in the number of individuals who think of themselves as belonging to more than one race. d) The census represents an increasing percentage of Asian Americans.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 397 Skill: Factual LO 12.5: Discuss the challenges ethnic and minority groups face in identity formation in adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
33. Which of the following is a likely cause of major depression in adolescent females? a) genetically linked depression is more prevalent on the X chromosome b) hormonal imbalance in females c) traditional gender roles for boys still give higher status to men than women d) girls' tendency to react to stress by turning it outward, compared to boys' tendency to react to stress by internalizing and then engaging in aggression
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 398 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
38. Which of the following contributes to the rising number of adolescent suicides? a) low cognitive development b) social exhibition and blurring of gender roles c) prevalent availability of guns in the U.S. d) high level of intelligence
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 399 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
41. Warren is a 16-year-old male who recently started to give away important possessions, stopped eating, and demonstrated general depression by being lethargic and uncommunicative. Warren may be demonstrating a warning sign of a) an eating disorder. b) mental illness. c) suicide. d) a brain lesion.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 399-400 Skill: Applied LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Apply
43. Which of the following should be done if you suspect an adolescent (or anyone) is contemplating suicide? a) Do not over-react, many adolescents are simply attention seeking. b) Ask specific questions, such as "Do you have a plan?" c) Let the person make their own choices about whether to seek further help. d) Respect the person's privacy and keep your talk a secret.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 400-401 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
45. Because of the adolescent's development of _________, the balance of power in the relationship between parents and adolescent becomes more _______ toward the end of adolescence. a) metacognitive skills: in favor of the adolescent b) cognitive skills: in favor of the adolescent c) autonomy: egalitarian d) prefrontal cortex: in favor of the parents
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 402 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.7: Describe what family relationships are like during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
47. Which of the following adolescent groups tends to feel a greater sense of respect and obligation toward their families? a) European b) American c) Filipino d) Danish
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 402-403 Skill: Factual LO 12.7: Describe what family relationships are like during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
58. Adolescent membership in particular cliques and crowds is often determined by a) how geographically close the adolescents reside to one another. b) the gender of the adolescents. c) the degree of similarity with members of the group. d) the socioeconomic group.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 406-407 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.8: Explain how relationships with peers change during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
62. If an adolescent student is liked by some and disliked by others, that adolescent is considered a) rejected. b) popular. c) controversial. d) neglected.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 410 Skill: Factual LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
64. Children and adolescents who are uniformly disliked are called a) controversial. b) popular. c) rejected. d) neglected.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 410 Skill: Factual LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
69. Randal is a 17-year-old whose parents have left him mostly on his own for several years. They leave for days on end to drink and gamble, leaving no food or assistance for him in the home. When they do come around, they often beat Randal and criticize him because the house is unkempt. Randal is usually on the streets vandalizing cars and getting involved in arson. Randal would be categorized as a(n) a) juvenile delinquent. b) conduct disorder. c) undersocialized delinquent. d) oppositional defiant.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 411 Skill: Applied LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Apply
71. Adolescent delinquents who know and subscribe to the norms of society and who are fairly normal psychologically are called a) undersocialized delinquents. b) antisocial personalities. c) socialized delinquents. d) conduct disorder.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 412 Skill: Factual LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
85. Alan is a very masculine young man who excels in typical male-oriented activities. Still, he is sexually attracted to other men. For Alan, being attracted to other men is his a) gender identity. b) sexual attraction. c) sexual orientation. d) homosexuality.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 415-416 Skill: Applied LO 12.11: Explain how sexual orientation develops in adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Apply
90. Which of the following is true regarding teenage pregnancy and rate changes? a) Teenage pregnancies have decreased with sex education. b) The number of teenage pregnancies has remained unchanged over the last 5 years. c) The number of teenage pregnancies has decreased significantly over the last two decades. d) The number of teenage pregnancies has increased by 25 percent over the last two decades.
Answer: C Level: Medium Page: 417 Skill: Factual LO 12.12: Summarize the challenges of teen pregnancy and the types of programs that are most effective in preventing it. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
6. From an "ethgender" point of view, which of the following adolescents has the lowest self-esteem? a) an African American male b) a Native American male c) a Hispanic female d) an Asian female
Answer: D Level: Difficult Page: 392 Skill: Factual LO 12.1: Describe how self-concept and self-esteem develop during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
12. During adolescence, which of the following is true? a) Adolescents fail to rely on their friends and peers as sources of information. b) Societal pressures for them to make decisions regarding education and occupational decisions are high during the identity-versus-identity-confusion stage. c) Their dependence upon adults increases. d) Adolescents lack sufficient brain development to make informed decisions.
Answer: D Level: Easy Page: 393 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.2: Summarize how Erikson explains identity formation during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
44. The desire to have independence and a sense of control over one's life is called a) maturity. b) adolescence. c) adulthood. d) autonomy.
Answer: D Level: Easy Page: 402 Skill: Factual LO 12.7: Describe what family relationships are like during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
48. A divide between parents and adolescents in attitudes, values, aspirations, and worldviews is known as a) autonomy. b) maturity. c) conscience. d) generation gap.
Answer: D Level: Easy Page: 404 Skill: Factual LO 12.7: Describe what family relationships are like during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
83. If a person is attracted to another person of the same sex, this is a) heterosexuality. b) bisexuality. c) asexuality. d) homosexuality.
Answer: D Level: Easy Page: 415 Skill: Factual LO 12.11: Explain how sexual orientation develops in adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
14. Psychologist James Marcia suggests that adolescent identity can be seen in terms of two characteristics, which are a) industry and withdrawal. b) inferiority and assertiveness. c) identity acceptance and identity refusal. d) crisis or commitment.
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 394 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
19. According to Marcia, which of the following four categories of identity development leads to the most psychological health, achievement motivation, and moral reasoning ability in adolescents? a) identity diffusion b) identity foreclosure c) moratorium d) identity achievement
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
21. According to James Marcia, which of the following four categories of identity development leads to "rigid strength," authoritarian behavior, and a high need for social approval? a) moratorium b) identity achievement c) identity diffusion d) identity foreclosure
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 394-395 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.3: Explain Marcia's categories of adolescent identity. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
27. Which of the following U.S. societal models views individual cultural identities as needing to be assimilated into a unified culture? a) pluralistic society model b) bicultural identity model c) multicultural model d) cultural assimilation (or melting pot) model
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 396 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.5: Discuss the challenges ethnic and minority groups face in identity formation in adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
31. What is the percentage of teenagers who experience major depression, in which their psychological disorder is such that the depression is severe and lingers for a long time? a) 52% b) 35% c) 24% d) 3%
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 397-398 Skill: Factual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
36. Even though some adolescent suicide is underreported, suicide is the _____ most common cause of adolescent death in the 15- to 24-year-old group. a) second b) fourth c) fifth d) third
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 398 Skill: Factual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
37. Why do adolescent boys succeed in committing suicide more often than adolescent girls? a) Boys attempt suicide more frequently than girls. b) Boys encounter more serious episodes of major depression than girls. c) Boys experience more social stigma for attempting suicide than girls. d) Boys tend to use more violent means, like guns, to attempt suicide.
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 399 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
40. According to a review of phone calls to suicide hotlines, the predominant adolescent difficulty that leads to a suicide attempt is a) an eating disorder. b) pregnancy. c) mental illness. d) family problems.
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 400 Skill: Factual LO 12.6: Identify the dangers adolescents face as they deal with the stresses of their age. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
50. According to psychologist Judith Smetana, what is the most likely reason for more conflict between adolescents and their parents in the earlier stage of adolescence compared to the later stage of adolescence? a) adolescents' demands for spending money b) inadequate academic progress c) adolescents' refusal to participate in family activities and responsibilities in the home d) definitions of and rationales for appropriate vs. inappropriate conduct
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 405 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.7: Describe what family relationships are like during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
54. A set of standards against which adolescents can judge their abilities and social success is called a) peer review. b) cohort effect. c) social reference. d) norms.
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 406 Skill: Factual LO 12.8: Explain how relationships with peers change during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
52. What is the likely reason why adolescents refer to their peers rather than their parents for social comparison? a) Parents cannot remember their adolescent years. b) Parents are too critical and judgmental of adolescent behavior and choices. c) Parents do not have the time to devote to their adolescents for such issues due to employment commitments. d) Adolescents' desire for autonomy makes parents and other adult family members, in general, seem to be inadequate and invalid sources for information.
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 406 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.8: Explain how relationships with peers change during adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
66. Children and adolescents who receive relatively little attention from their peers in the form of either positive or negative interactions are called a) rejected. b) outcast. c) controversial. d) neglected.
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 409 Skill: Factual LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
68. An adolescent delinquent who is raised with little discipline or with harsh, uncaring parental supervision is called a(n) a) juvenile delinquent. b) conduct disorder. c) oppositional defiant. d) undersocialized delinquent.
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 411 Skill: Factual LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
72. Differences between undersocialized delinquents and socialized delinquents include which of the following? a) the fact that socialized delinquents will live a life of crime into adulthood while undersocialized delinquents are rehabilitated b) undersocialized delinquents participate in petty crimes while socialized delinquents engage in serious crimes c) socialized delinquents are not influenced by peer pressure and their delinquency often occurs when they are alone d) socialized delinquents are fairly normal, psychologically speaking, while undersocialized delinquents suffer from psychological disorders such as antisocial personality disorder
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 412 Skill: Factual LO 12.9: Discuss what it means to be popular and unpopular in adolescence and how adolescents respond to peer pressure. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
81. According to current norms, if sexual intercourse occurs within the context of a long-term, committed, or loving relationship, it is called a) double standard. b) marriage. c) engagement. d) permissiveness with affection.
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 415 Skill: Factual LO 12.10: Describe the functions and characteristics of dating during adolescence and how sexuality develops. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
82. Social norms oppose premarital sex for women in which of these areas? a) Sub-Saharan Africa b) United States c) Spain d) Middle East
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 415 Skill: Factual LO 12.10: Describe the functions and characteristics of dating during adolescence and how sexuality develops. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
75. Adolescents who are gay or lesbian find it difficult to date because of which of the following? a) They may face homophobic prejudice. b) They find it hard to find partners because others who are gay or lesbian may not openly express their sexual orientation. c) They may be seen as popular because they are unique and non-threatening to opposite sex peers. d) They do not fully accept or understand their own sexuality or sexual preference.
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 415-416 Skill: Conceptual LO 12.11: Explain how sexual orientation develops in adolescence. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Understand
89. Which of the following is a factor in explaining the historical low in the teenage birth rate? a) the increasing price of condoms b) adolescents taking the "virginity pledge" in schools across the country c) the rates of sexual intercourse among teenagers have increased, and the use of birth control, such as condoms, has decreased d) substitutions for sexual intercourse, such as oral sex, are increasingly accepted as an alternative to sexual intercourse
Answer: D Level: Medium Page: 417 Skill: Factual LO 12.12: Summarize the challenges of teen pregnancy and the types of programs that are most effective in preventing it. Bloom's Taxonomy Level: Remember
