Local Anesthetic Chapter 6 Review Questions

To achieve the optimal anesthetic effect, topical anesthesia should remain at the site of application for _______.

1 to 2 minutes

Which of the following is a eutectic mixture that will thicken into a gel once inserted into a periodontal pocket, relieving pain associated with nonsurgical periodontal therapy?

Oraqix (2.5% lidocaine/2.5% prilocaine gel)

Which of the following is NOT an ideal property of an oral topical anesthetic?

It produces dependency on repeated use

Topical anesthetics are available in a variety of forms. Which method of delivery is most likely to produce a toxic reaction?

Spray

Which topical anesthetic has the longest average duration?

Tetracaine hydrochloride

The FDA has released a Public Health Advisory alerting consumers to the potential risk of life-threatening or fatal reactions to over-the-counter topical anesthetics. Some of these over-the-counter topical anesthetics are available in concentrations twice the strength of those used in the dental office

The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate use for topical anesthesia?

To achieve pulpal anesthesia prior to restorative dental procedures

Topical anesthesia will anesthetize the affected area _______ into the tissue.

2 to 3 mm

topical anesthetics generally penetrate ___ into tissue

2 to 3 mm

A patient who has just been administered Oraqix gel (2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine) can expect a comfortable duration of anesthesia of approximately _______.

20 minutes

Oraqix gel (2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine) produces an anesthetic effect within ____________.

30 seconds

Of the following patients, which is most likely to have a negative reaction to topical anesthetic?

A child

Which topical anesthetic has the most rapid onset of action?

Benzocaine

Topical anesthetics have a lower concentration of anesthetic than their injectable counterparts. This is necessary because some topical anesthetics contain a vasoconstrictor.

Both statements are false.

A toxic overdose of topical anesthetic may result in which of the following?

Bradycardia

Which topical anesthetic is not classified as an ester or an amide, but as a ketone?

Dyclonine hydrochloride

Which of the following are symptoms of a localized reaction to topical anesthetic?

Irritation, burning, and stinging at the site of application, Tissue sloughing or discoloration and temporary change in taste perception

Drying the mucosa with 2 × 2 gauze, prior to the application of topical anesthesia, assists in _______.

accurate placement of the topical anesthetic, increasing the visibility

which of the following topical anesthetics do not always require a prescription?

benzocaine

Topical anesthesia is available in many different forms: liquid, gel, spray, and patch. Topical anesthesia distributed in single dose applications decreases the possibility of cross-contamination.

both statements are true

the concentrations of topical anesthetics are greater than those of their injectable counterparts. topical anesthetics do not contain vasoconstrictors

both statements are true

if plasma concentrations in the body become too high, the most prominent systemic effect will occur in which of the following systems?

cardiovascular system and central nervous system

which of the following topical anesthetic agents is considered a ketone?

dyclonine hydrochloride

all of the following are true regarding maximum recommended doses for topical anesthesia except one. what is the exception?

exact doses can be measured using a cotton tip applicator

pulpal anesthesia can be achieved using 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine gel mixture

false

all of the following are possible localized adverse reactions associated with topical anesthesia except one. what is the exception?

increased heart rate

benzocaine is available in all of the following preparations except one. what is the exception?

injectable

EMLA is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use on which of the following areas?

intact skin

all of the following are considered ideal properties of a topical anesthetic except one. which one is the exception?

is should be allergenic

which of the following topical anesthetics is classified as an amide?

lidocaine

which of the following topical anesthetics has a US food and drug administration pregnancy category B?

lidocaine/prilocaine

which method of delivery is recommended to decrease the risk of methemolobinemia?

metered spray with disposable nozzle

which of the following local anesthetic agents in found in oraqix?

prilocaine

Allergic reactions to topical anesthetic are _______.

rare

all of the following describes the advatanges of a single unit dose applications of topical anesthetics except one. what is the exception?

requires less administration time

Mild allergic reactions to topical anesthetic can include _______, _______, and _______

swelling, raised welts, itching

allergic reactions associated with topical anesthetics are rare. it is not necessary to review a patients medical history before applying a topical anesthetic agent

the first statement is true, the second statement is false

all of the following statements are true except one. which one is the exception?

the more topical placed at the site of needle penetration the better

which of the following would be an indication for use of a topical anesthetic?

to minimize a patients gag reflex

concentrations available in over the counter products can be as high as those administered professionally in the dental office

true