logistics management- introduction to logistics information system

what are the data qualities that an LIS system must have?

*•Accuracy* -Information in an LIS system should be without errors. •*Availability* -Whether the people who need the data can actually access it •*Timeliness* -Information should be available promptly plus stored data should be up-to-date •*Appropriate Format* Information should be available in an appropriate format as per the user's needs/purposes •*Consistency* -Information should be consistent throughout the system. This demands compatibility of all databases. •*Transparency of meaning* -Whether the context for the data is clearly and commonly understood by all those with a legitimate interest

some important technologies in LIS

Bar code Point-of-Sale ( POS) EDI RFID

what happens in an information system?

Information is collected, stored, processed, retrieved and transmitted as and when required. The transmission of the information involves its movement to and from various functional centres

information management

Information is the basic necessity for decision making and forms an essential part of all management functions timely and accurate information is critical for effective management

difference between RFID and barcode

The barcode demands the labels to be "seen" by the laser. So, in order to read a barcode, a direct line of sight with the code is needed. This technology called "aim and shoot" requires a lot of time compared to RFID. As RFID does not place its trust in visual alignment to collect information, the product can also be randomly located, either on a pallet or in a warehouse. RFID technology facilitates the reading of labels even if they are at a great distance, or in harsh environments. The information printed on a barcode is permanent and cannot be modified. On the contrary, some RFID tags have an electronic memory and can be dynamically updated. Basic barcodes only identify one product (such as EAN). The Electronic Product Code (EPC) is the information transmitted via RFID technology. RFID can identify each particular item , univocally.

LIS activities

activitiess include a systemic procedure for data: 1. collection 2. Analysis 3.storage 4. retrieval 5.dissemination *sub notes*: these activities need to be fully optimised in other to enhance the overall quality of the output produced in the form of reports(regular or customised) generated for use by the logistics manager. also, all components of the LIS must be involved.

trade-of analysis

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Overview LIS

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Benefits of RFID 2

•*Versatility*: RFID tags come in different shape and sizes and as a result almost anything can be tagged irrespective of its size. The fact that RFIDs don't require line-of-sight also mean they can be used in several situations with bad/poor environmental conditions, i.e. Snow, fog etc. •Improved Data Storage and Access: RFID is able to store much more individual/unique product information. •Improves supply chain traceability: The detailed information that RFID systems provide about items enable the origin of such items to be traced ensuring accountability and credibility.

Bar Code

•A bar code is a sequence of parallel bars of various widths, with varying amounts of space between them. The pattern and spacing convey information. •They can be read by optical scanners called barcode readers. •The information contained in the bars is read directly into a computer. •Bar coding can be useful in logistics applications, particularly in track and trace situations

logistics information system

•An interactive set of *people*, *equipment*, and *procedures* which together make relevant information available to the logistics manager for the purposes of planning, implementing and controlling logistics activities. hence the three components of LIS are people equipment and process and procedure

EDI

•EDI is the process of transferring standard business information/documents electronically from one computer to another within and between organizations (without human intervention). It is an intra and/or interorganizational, computer-to-computer exchange of business data in a standard, machine-processable format

advantages of the use of IT in logistics

•Efficient information collection, storage and retrieval. •Availability of information as and when required and in the desired format. •Facilitates decision making, monitoring and control of activities •Provides flexibility in decision making in times of change •Reduces variability in the supply chain •Leads to better coordination of manufacturing, marketing, and distribution •Streamlines order processing and reduces lead-times •Enhances visibility across the supply chain

Objective of Logistics Information System

•Facilitates logistics processes and operations, •Improves logistics decision making -By accurately acquiring and transmitting information efficiently to all concerned functions as and when required, for decision making •Establishes strategic competitive advantage

benefits of LIS

•Helps logistics managers to decide how much to store, when to move, how to move •Monitoring and checking of inventory levels •Tracking of order status and shipments •Rapid communication of orders •Increased product visibility and control, etc.

Benefits of RFID1

•Inventory Accuracy: RFID improves inventory accuracy and as a result reduces incidents of stock-outs and subsequent loss of sale as well as errors in order fulfillment. •Improved Productivity and Efficiency: The identification of goods no longer needs unpacking thus reducing labour hours and its related cost. -For example, RFID is able to count 25,000 items per hour as opposed to 250 items per hour without RFID. In addition to all this, RFID is able to perform both identification and authenticate in one single operation reducing time and labor hours.

Integration of POS data

•Quick response (QR) and efficient consumer response (ECR) integrate the POS data in an effort to speed time to market, thereby supporting time-based competition while reducing inventories and improving or maintaining customer service. •Using this information enables for product forecasting which allows managers to make better purchase decision and customization, and reduce the chance that an item will be out of stock.

RFID

•Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a type of automatic identification system. •It is a technology used to help identify, authenticate and track objects and people. •It can also be used to gather and store information about objects and people as well as their environment

Point)-of-sale Data

•Technology that allows firms, in real time, to know what and where an item is being sold through scanning of individual barcodes when an item is purchased at the retail level. POS involve the scanning of bar codes of items sold, generally at the retail level. The data may be transmitted to the relevant supplier, who can replenish the inventory based on sales

purpose of EDI

•The purpose of EDI is to eliminate dublicate data entry and to improve the speed and accuracy of information flow by linking computer applications between companies. •Bill payment confirmation, package tracking, etc.

What is an RFID tag device made up of?

••Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems consist of; -a reader (also called transceivers or interrogators) and -a tag (also called transponder).