Management 313 Midterm

Carl has a high self-efficacy belief. He is not likely to work hard in preparation for challenges because he is confident he can succeed. True False

False

________ is the interdisciplinary field dedicated to understanding and managing people at work. Organizational dynamics Organizational behavior Organizational theory Management dynamics Management theory

Organizational behavior

Which of the following statements is false? Common sense requires less effort than finding the real problem. Common sense excels in well-known scenarios with predictable outcomes. Common sense can be overly subjective. The contingency approach is just common sense. Common sense is weak in unexpected situations.

The contingency approach is just common sense.

At Cornet Company, employees and teams had higher performance, greater job satisfaction, and increased organizational commitment when their managers showed ________ behaviors. Theory X self-actualization Theory Y achievement relatedness

Theory Y

Brenda has two exams and a research paper scheduled within the next 10 days. She creates a study plan in which she studies an hour a day for each exam and devotes an additional 90 minutes to her research paper. On Tuesday and Wednesday, Brenda is invited to go out with her friends. Instead, she stays at home and sticks with her study plan because she knows this will help her learn more effectively. True False

True

Collecting performance information from multiple sources helps a person being evaluated to get a broad view of his or her performance. True False

True

The three key elements of equity theory are outputs, inputs, and a(n) acknowledgment of cognitive dissonance. total of each person's inputs. comparison of the ratio of outputs to inputs. summary of total rewards. sense of fairness and justice in social exchanges.

comparison of the ratio of outputs to inputs.

The term ________ identifies an invisible but absolute barrier that prevents women from advancing to higher-level positions. causal attribution diversity management self-serving bias affirmative action glass ceiling

glass ceiling

Pat and Chris are both computer programmers, but Pat earns more money than Chris. However, Chris perceives an equitable relationship because Pat works as hard as Chris. takes longer breaks. works less than Chris. has more education and experience. needs the money more than Chris.

has more education and experience.

Carlos works at Tyner Construction Company as an assistant project manager. His manager assured him that if his projects came in on time and under budget, he would be promoted within a year. At nine months, Carlo is promoted to project manager. This is an example of need fulfillment. dispositional components. equity. value attainment. met expectations.

met expectations.

Mason is highly satisfied with his job. He receives consistently strong evaluations and volunteers to train new employees. Mason exhibits positive job performance and personal motivation. withdrawal cognitions. community involvement. genetic components. organizational citizenship behaviors.

organizational citizenship behaviors.

Vanessa receives her evaluation. Her supervisor gives her high marks in ________, noting that Vanessa is especially strong in self-awareness and self management. subjective well-being emotional stability cognitive ability self-efficacy personal competence

personal competence

"When you know yourself, you are comfortable with your strengths and not crippled by your shortcomings...." This is common sense. objectivity. hindsight. self-awareness. a soft skill

self-awareness.

Josephine believes that her project was successful was because of her leadership abilities, while the other projects were not as good because of the inadequate skills of the other team members. She demonstrates ________ in her beliefs. leniency effect self-serving bias central tendency negativity bias halo effect

self-serving bias

Josephine is on a four-person project team in her management class. The team produces four reports during the term, and each person leads one of these projects. The project Josephine leads earned an A, while the team receives Cs on the other three reports. central tendency. negativity bias. self-serving bias. halo effect. leniency effect.

self-serving bias.

Together, social awareness and relationship management constitute social competence. emotional stability. emotional intelligence. relationship competence. personal competence.

social competence.

Interactional justice is defined as the perceived fairness of the quality of interpersonal treatment received. how punishment and discipline are determined. procedures used by the organization. how resources and rewards are allocated. the process used to make allocation decisions.

the quality of interpersonal treatment received.

Jane hates the idea of child labor. She works for a company that claims that it doesn't employ children. However, news reports accuse the company of employing young children overseas. ________ is the psychological discomfort that Jane is experiencing since she heard this news. Cognitive dissonance Intelligence disunity Behavioral intention Emotional labor Emotional dissonance

Cognitive dissonance

Effective managers give employees timely and task-specific feedback about what they are doing right, but do not give feedback about what they are doing wrong. True False

False

In the four general steps in the goal-setting process, deficiencies in each step can be made up for with strength in others. True False

False

Maslow's need hierarchy and Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theories are both examples of process theories. True False

False

Which of the following statements about self-efficacy is true? A person with high self-efficacy is likely to work less hard than a person with low self-efficacy because he or she is already confident of good results. Self-efficacy is the same as self-esteem. Self-efficacy can be developed. Self-efficacy is not related to prior experience. The biggest predictor of a person's self-efficacy is his or her emotional state.

Self-efficacy can be developed.

________ characteristics are quickly apparent to interactants. Internal Surface-level Deep-level External Attributional

Surface-level

Ferdinand sets a goal for himself of finishing the first draft of a project report by Friday. This is a performance goal. True False

True

Joe, a marketing major, believes that Mary is probably better at math than he is because she is a finance major. This is an example of a stereotype. True False

True

Values represent beliefs that influence behaviors ________; attitudes relate to behavior ________. across all situations; toward people toward specific objects; toward specific people across all situations; toward specific targets toward specific targets; across all situations toward specific people; toward specific objects

across all situations; toward specific targets

Simone wants to become a partner in her Atlanta law firm. She knows that if she bills the most revenue, it will help her get her partnership. This ________ can lead to unethical behavior. indirect blindness slippery slope overvalued outcome ill-conceived goal

ill-conceived goal

Saying, "You've got to pay your dues" is another way to promote the status quo. This is an example of the ________ option that organizations can use to address any type of diversity issue. include/exclude isolate suppress deny tolerate

suppress