management C&P exam 2..

A component of strategy implementation is Select one: a. designing the best organization structure, culture, and control systems to put a strategy into action. b. enumerating the number and kind of periodic reports that must be submitted by functional-level managers. c. analyzing the macroeconomic environment of the company. d. answering the question, "What is our business?" e. all of these choices.

A

A disadvantage of using interacting groups to make decisions is a. group politics. b. void of expert opinion. c. an increase in programmed costs. d. faster decision making. e. too much brainstorming.

A

A manager who has a low-risk propensity would a. use the rational decision-making model. b. rely on intuition for his or her decision making. c. make decisions aggressively. d. reach decisions quickly. e. easily invest large sums of money in support of his or her decisions.

A

Olga is house hunting in a "hot" market. Some homes sell within hours of listing. Olga finds one that meets her minimum criteria and immediately makes an offer. This is an example of a. satisficing. b. equifinality. c. bounded efficiency. d. optimization. e. nominal decision making.

A

People who prefer simple, clear-cut solutions to problems use the directive style. a. True b. False

A

Point-counterpoint is a decision-making technique in which people are assigned to express competing points of view. a. True b. False

A

Risk propensity refers to the willingness to undertake risk with the opportunity of gaining an increased payoff. a. True b. False

A

A____ decision making model describes how decisions are made rather than prescribing how they should be made.

Administrative

Hailey finds that her company is over billing the government for services. She tells her boss, who says he will take care of it, but he does nothing. Hailey tells her government contact. What model of decision making does Hailey's behavior represent?

Administrative

Oprah Winfrey and Regis Philbin retired from talk shows at the same time. Anderson cooper filled in for regis 32 times so they created the cooper show. The ___model can be used to explain why they chose Cooper without evaluating other alternatives.

Administrative

What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of a functional organization structure?

Advantages: economies of scale, efficient resource use, enhance development of in-depth skills, centralized decision making, unified direction from top managers. Disadvantages: barriers exist across departments, poor communications and coordination across functions, innovation and and change require cross-departmental involvement, decisions involving more than one dept. may be delayed at the top.

a

All of the following are Porter's competitive forces except: a. differentiation. b. bargaining power of buyers. c. bargaining power of suppliers. d. threat of substitute products. e. potential new entrants.

Decision making is a part of which management function?

All of these; Planning organizing controlling and leading

As it relates to selecting the alternative in a decision making situation, optimization means choosing the.... A. Most satisfactory alternative B. Alternative permutations make it imperative for rational decision makers. C. Most Feasible alternative D. Alternative that will do the most for the overall organization, even though it does not maximize outcomes for particular parts of the organization

Alternative that will do the most for the overall organization, even though it doesnt maximize outcomes for particular parts of the organization

_____ means that the goals to be achieved or the problem to be solved is unclear, alternatives are difficult to define, and information about outcomes is unavailable.

Ambiguity

Feelings of personal responsibility for a project are most likely to lead to Select one: a. prior hypothesis biases. b. escalating commitment. c. reasoning by analogy. d. representativeness. e. ivory tower planning.

B

Fred has been assigned to conduct a SWOT analysis for his organization, Acme, Inc. As part of this assignment, Fred will: a. conduct an external wage survey. b. search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm. c. choose a grand strategy for his firm. d. do a cost/benefit analysis. e. develop a mission.

B

Genna is collecting data on how well the organization has done since their new strategy was implemented. She is in what stage of the managerial decision making process? a. Implementation of the chosen alternative b. Evaluation and feedback c. Recognition of the decision requirement d. Selection of desired alternative e. The generation of alternatives

B

Groups that are used to develop a consensus of expert opinion without the members of the group ever meeting face to face are called ____ groups. a. interacting b. Delphi c. nominal d. unilateral e. task

B

Growth industries Select one: a. typically suffer from high mobility barriers. b. tend to be characterized by weak rivalry. c. have high rivalry among established companies. d. increase prices because customers are more aware of the industrys product. e. provide economies of scale to existing companies.

B

Historically, government reputation has Select one: a. encouraged new entrants into an industry. b. constituted a major entry barrier into major industries. c. neither hampered nor encouraged new entrants into an industry. d. encouraged the growth of new companies. e. none of these choices.

B

If you make a decision that does not turn out as planned Warren Buffet advises, "When you find yourself in a hole, stop digging." What behavioral influence on decision making does this advice attempt to prevent? a. Intuition b. Escalation of commitment c. Empathy d. Risk propensity e. Political forces

B

When evaluating decision alternatives, which of the following criteria refers to the extent to which the alternative meets the conditions of the situation? a. Feasibility b. Satisfactoriness c. Affordability d. Consequences e. Rationality

B

Which of the following decision-making models involves recognizing and defining the situation, developing alternatives, selecting an alternative, implementing the chosen alternative, and following up? a. Behavioral b. Classical c. Administrative d. Bureaucratic e. Sequential

B

Which of the following decision-making models is a prescriptive model? a. Behavioral b. Classical c. Administrative d. Bureaucratic e. Probabilistic

B

Which of the following decision-making models is based on the belief that human behavior is unerringly rational? a. Behavioral b. Classical c. Administrative d. Bureaucratic e. Hierarchical

B

Decision Makers are limited by having incomplete information as well as by their values, unconscious reflexes, skills, and habits. This best describes what

Bounded Rationality

Entrepreneurs often have a hard time selling their business. It feels like their child. This is an example of

Bounded Rationality

___ Occurs when the decision maker is constrained by his or her own values. He also has less than complete knowledge and information.

Bounded Rationality

____ May explain why publishers will publish Katie Courics book over an unknown author.

Bounded Rationality

Herbert Simon noted that managers generally fail to make rational decisions because they are limited by their own values, skills, habits, and unconscious reflexes as well as by incomplete information. What name did Simon give this phenomenon?

Bounded rationality

LaTannia, manager of the accounting department, has to decide which computer system to purchase for her department. She has looked at all of the possible alternatives and is leaning toward an IBM system because she had positive experiences with an IBM system in her old job. This is an example of

Bounded rationality

____ may explain why publishers are more likely to publish a children's book by a recognizable celebrity like Katie Couric than to consider a beautifully illustrated and written book by an unknown author.

Bounded rationality

____ occurs when the decision maker is constrained by his or her own values, experiences, skills, and reflexes. He or she also has less than complete knowledge and information.

Bounded rationality

The BCG matrix organizes along which of the following dimensions?

Business growth rate and market share

When Coca-Cola introduced Surge, a new citrus soft-drink, what type of strategy was being pursued?

Business-level strategy. When Coca-Cola introduced Surge, a new citrus soft-drink, what type of strategy was being pursued? Business-level strategy

. All of the following are cognitive biases that can affect manager's judgment, except: a. being influenced by initial impressions. b. justifying past decisions. c. seeing what you don't want to see. d. perpetuating the status quo. e. overconfidence.

C

. Darren set goals for each of his employees. Each employee ended up with at least twenty-five goals. This process violates which of the following criteria for effective goals? a. Specific and measurable b. Challenging but realistic c. Covers key result areas d. Defined time period e. Linked to rewards

C

A competitive advantage is considered to be a sustained competitive advantage when the Select one: a. advantage endures for a number of years. b. firm is able to spread the advantage to all of its business units. c. advantage is very large. d. advantage was gained at a low cost. e. managers who developed the advantage are still employed at the firm.

A

The _____ model closely resembles the real environment in which most managers and decision-makers operate. a. classical b. administrative c. political d. normative e. descriptive

C

The decision by executives at CBS to air Three Rivers to see if it could find a show to improve its primetime viewership was an example of a decision made a. with bounded rationality. b. under risk. c. under uncertainty. d. with a satisficing result. e. under certainty.

C

The decision to hire a janitorial service, buy a fleet of sales vehicles, or hire a public relations expert are all examples of decisions made a. with bounded rationality. b. under risk. c. under uncertainty. d. with a satisficing result. e. under certainty.

C

What is the fourth step in rational decision making? a. Identify a set of rational alternatives b. Evaluate the possible alternatives c. Select which alternative to implement d. Evaluate decision effectiveness e. Recognize and define the decision situation

C

When a manager evaluates alternatives until she comes to one that meets some minimum standard of sufficiency, selects it, and then goes on to other problems without considering the remaining rational alternatives, she has engaged in a. means-end inversion. b. equifinality. c. satisficing. d. bounded rationality. e. classical decision making.

C

When a manager makes a decision in spite of having imperfect information, this is known as a. satisficing. b. using the rational model of decision making. c. using the behavioral model of decision making. d. decision specialization. e. bounded rationality.

C

Where does the information about opportunities and threats comes from? a. An analysis of the organization's internal environment b. A department by department study of the organization c. Scanning the external environments d. Employee grievances e. Financial ratios of the organization

C

Which of the following is NOT an example of an interacting group? a. Standing committee b. Task force c. Delphi group d. Functional department e. Ad hoc committee

C

Alabama Airlines has three planning specialists who help division managers develop their own division plans. Serving as consultants to the divisions, the planning specialists give advice about strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Alabama Airlines is utilizing what approach to the planning function?

Decentralized planning staff

In applying agency theory to problems of corporate management, the principals are the Select one: a. employees. b. CEO. c. top management team. d. CEO and the top management team. e. stockholders.

E

In growth industries, Select one: a. replacement demand is increasing rapidly. b. technological expertise is the most important entry barrier. c. rivalry is high. d. distribution channels are poorly developed. e. buyers are familiar with the industrys product.

E

Managers at LEO Corporation scrutinize problems until they have all of the information they feel they need to make a decision and discuss every alternative while focusing on facts and eliminating assumptions. Which decision-making model does this most closely resemble? a. Linear b. Hierarchical c. Administrative d. Behavioral e. Classical

E

Most of the significant decisions in contemporary organizations are made under which decision-making condition? a. Probability b. Risk c. Certainty d. Rationality e. Uncertainty

E

The idea in the large-group intervention is to get a sample of people who may have an interest in the organization, gather perspectives from the selected parts of the system, and allow the sample to create a collective future.

False

The most effective managers are consistent in using their own decision style rather than shifting among styles.

False

The principle of unity of command suggests that managers within an organization should reach agreement on the goals and objectives of the organization.

False

The traditional dimension of diversity can be acquired or changed throughout one's lifetime.

False

The trend in recent years has been toward narrower spans of control as a way to facilitate delegation.

False

Today's workers are younger than ever before.

False

Trend management is looking at trends and discontinuities and imagining possible alternative futures.

False

Trend management is looking at trends and discontinuities and imagining possible alternative futures. (TF)

False

Two employees in Stacey's department quit, which is normal for her department. She is faced with the decision to fill these positions. This would be considered a nonprogrammed decision.

False

When an organization uses a differentiation strategy, it strives for internal efficiency.

False

When considering decisions, the mind often gives disproportionate weight to the last information it receives.

False

When evaluating decision alternatives, the first question to be asked is whether an alternative is within the realm of probability and practicality for the organization. This refers to what?

Feasibility

When evaluating decision alternatives, the first question to be asked is whether an alternative is within the realm of probability and practicality for the organization. This refers to which of the following alternative evaluation criteria?

Feasibility

When the space shuttle Columbia needed to reenter the atmosphere the crew knew there was damage on the ouside of the craft. if there had been room for supplies the crew would have gone to the space station. What criteria did they fail to meet?

Feasibility

When the space shuttle Columbia needed to reenter the atmosphere the crew knew there was damage on the outside of the aircraft. If there had been room and supplies the crew could have gone to the space station. Which criterion for evaluating a decision alternative did the space station fail to meet?

Feasibility

_____ is important because decision making is a continuous, never ending process.

Feedback

Horizontal

Flows within and between units

Follow the chain of command and are recognized as official

Formal Communication Channels

Vertical, downward, upward, horizontal, external

Formal communication

Strategic Management Process step 3

Formulate the grand strategy

Which of the following is NOT ​one of the benefits of MBO? a. Individual and department goals are aligned with company goals. b. Efforts are focused on activities that will lead to goal attainment. c. Operational goals are able to displace strategic goals. d. Employees are motivated. e. Performance can be improved at all company levels.

C

Which of the following is not a cognitive bias? Select one: a. Escalating commitment b. Reasoning by analogy c. Ivory tower thinking d. Representativeness e. Illusion of control

C

Consumers looking for discounts can check prices online before they shop. This way they will choose under conditions of ... A. risk B. uncertainty C. certainty D. probability E. rationality

Certainty

Greece was on the verge of defaulting on its debt. It decided to dock a months pay from all elected officials as part of austerity measures. This is an example of decision making under......

Certainty

In which of the following decision making conditions is the decision maker aware of all the alternatives and able to assign probabilities to costs and payoffs? A. risk B. uncertainty C. certainty D. probability E. rationality

Certainty

In which of the following decision-making conditions is the decision maker aware of all of the alternatives and able to assign probabilities to the costs and payoffs of each alternative?

Certainty

Karen has limited financing. She has three alternatives and knows the outcomes associated with each of them. She will choose under conditions of

Certainty

_____ means that all the information the decision-maker needs is fully available.

Certainty

A disadvantage of the ____ decision making model is that it does not use ethics.

Classical

A disadvantage of the ____ decision making model is that it doesn't use ethics.

Classical

Managers at LEO Corp. scrutinize problems until they have all the information they feel they need to make a decision and discuss every alternative while focusing on facts and eliminating assumptions. Which decision making model does this relate to? A. Sequential B Behavioral C. Classical D. Administrative E. Bureaucratic

Classical

Managers at LEO Corporation scrutinize problems until they have all of the information they feel they need to make a decision and discuss every alternative while focusing on facts and eliminating assumptions. Which decision-making model does this most closely resemble?

Classical

Which of the following decision making models involves recognizing and defining the situation, developing alternatives, selecting an alternative, implementing the chosen alternative and following up? A. Sequential B Behavioral C. Classical D. Administrative E. Bureaucratic

Classical

Which of the following decision making models is based on the belief that human behavior is unerringly rational? A. Behavioral B. Administrative C.Bureaucratic D. Classical E. Hierarchal

Classical

Which of the following decision making models is prescriptive model?

Classical

Which of the following decision-making models involves recognizing and defining the situation, developing alternatives, selecting an alternative, implementing the chosen alternative, and following up?

Classical

Which of the following decision-making models is a prescriptive model?

Classical

Which of the following decision-making models is based on the belief that human behavior is unerringly rational?

Classical

D

Classy Clay has extremely creative employees who, in the opinion of the organization, keep the company ahead of the competition. The creativity of these employees would be classified as a. an internal weakness. b. an external opportunity. c. an external strength. d. an internal strength. e. a neutral factor.

Vision statement

Clear sense of the future and the actions needed to get there

An informal group allied together for a common purpose

Coalition

The CEO is retiring. there are two canididates remaining. three division heads support alex. the other four support pat. these alliances can be called? A. Organizational grapevines B. Focus groups C. Coalitions D. nominal groups E. Board of directors

Coalition

Sender, message, receiver, feedback

Communication Process

Medium Barrier

Communication channel is blocked

Single-product strategy

Company makes and sells only one product within its market

Decisions that are unethical may pass one or two decision criteria, but they fail what?

Consequences

Relative to a flat organizational structure, a tall structure has a _____ span of management and _____ hierarchical levels. a. wide; fewer b. narrow; fewer c. narrow; wider d. narrow; more e. wide; more

D. narrow; more

A

Danny is participating with other managers in a discussion about what his organization's goals should be for the next decade. He is participating in... strategic planning. operational planning. tactical planning. controlling.

Organic organizations

Decentralized HoA, few rules, shared tasks, informal, many teams, wider and flatter structures

A

Which of the following is not an example of noise in the communication process in a typical classroom? A) a student answering a professor's question B) a student in the back of the classroom texting a friend C) uncomfortable classroom desks D) an attractive person walking by the open classroom door E) groundskeepers mowing the lawn outside the classroom window

d

Which of the following portfolio categories is made up of poor performers who command only a small share of a slow growth market? a. Star b. Cash cow c. Question mark d. Dog e. Cat

c

Which of the following refers to a strategy that combines global coordination to attain efficiency with flexibility to meet specific needs in various countries? a. Domestic strategy b. Global strategy c. Transnational strategy d. Multidomestic strategy e. Region design strategy

b

Which of the following strategies involve an attempt to distinguish the firm's products or services from others in the industry? a. Cost leadership b. Differentiation c. Focus d. Internal growth e. Liquidation

d

Which of the following strategies refers to moving into a new business that is related to the company's existing business activities? a. Horizontal integration b. Vertical integration c. Unrelated diversification d. Related diversification e. Strategic partnership

c

Which of the following strategies would be appropriate when the need for both national responsiveness and global integration is low? a. Globalization b. Multidomestic c. Export d. Transnational e. Import

D

Which of the following symbolizes the legitimacy of the organization to external audiences? a. Operational goals b. Tactical plans c. Strategic goals d. Mission statement e. Tactical goals

d

Which of these is true about the cash cow? a. It generates tremendous profits in a rapidly growing industry. b. It has a small market share in a rapidly growing industry. c. It has a small market share in a slow growth industry. d. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry. e. It is generally a dead business that should be divested.

d

Which of these is true about the dog division? a. It has a large market share in a rapidly growing industry. b. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry. c. It has a small market share in a rapidly growing industry. d. It has a small share of a slow growth market. e. It has a moderate market share in a rapidly growing industry.

d

Which strategy can be profitable for an organization when customers are loyal and willing to pay high prices? a. Focus b. Globalization c. Overall cost leadership d. Differentiation e. Liquidation

c

With a(n) _____ strategy, the organization concentrates on a specific regional market or buyer group. a. cost leadership b. differentiation c. focus d. internal growth e. liquidation

A`

XYZ Hospital has a chief of medical services, a director of administrative services, and a director of outpatient services. XYZ has a ___________ structure. functional simple divisional matrix

C

____ means that decision authority is located near the ____ of the organization. a. Centralization, bottom b. Decentralization, top c. Centralization, top d. Centralization, middle e. None of these

d

_____ refers to the modification of product design and advertising strategies to suit the specific needs of individual countries. a. Domestic strategy b. Global strategy c. Transnational strategy d. Multidomestic strategy e. Market design strategy

. The acceptance of mistakes, the freedom to discuss ideas, and the assignment of nonspecialists to problems are characteristics of creative organizations or departments. a. True b. False

a

. Traditional views of organizational design recommend a span of management of about 7 to 10 subordinates per manager. a. True b. False

a

A change agent is an OD specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change. a. True b. False

a

A diverse workforce is better able to anticipate and respond to changing consumer needs. a. True b. False

a

A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea champion. a. True b. False

a

According to Fast Company, in 2013, _____ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company. a. Nike b. Pinterest c. Target d. Apple e. Procter & Gamble

a

An ambidextrous approach means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and for the systematic implementation of innovations. a. True b. False

a

An idea incubator is in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics. a. True b. False

a

At Fox End, people are grouped together in departments by common skills and work activities, including a sales department and a production department. This is an example of vertical functional approach. a. True b. False

a

Because employees with different backgrounds bring different options and ideas to the table, a diverse workforce may lead to increased conflict, anxiety, and misunderstanding. a. True b. False

a

Before implementing new changes in work schedules, Trudy's Trinkets works with the union to ensure a smooth transition. What approach to change is this company using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education

a

When evaluating decision alternatives, the first question to be asked is whether an alternative is within the realm of probability and practicality for the organization. This refers to which of the following alternative evaluation criteria? a) Feasibility b) Satisfactoriness c) Affordability d) Consequences e) Rationality

a) Feasibility

When the space shuttle Columbia needed to reenter the atmosphere the crew knew there was damage on the outside of the aircraft. If there had been room and supplies the crew could have gone to the space station. Which criterion for evaluating a decision alternative did the space station fail to meet? a) Feasibility b) Satisfactoriness c) Affordability d) Consequences e) Rationality

a) Feasibility

_______________ is the tendency to search for alternatives only until one is found that meets some minimum standard of sufficiency a. Satisficing b Groupthink c. Optimization d. Bounded rationality e. Escalation of commitment

a. Satisficing

_____ is characterized by intangible outputs. a. Service technology b. Mass production c. Large-batch production d. Small-batch production e. Continuous process production

a. Service technology

Centralized network perform with greater efficiency and accuracy when a task is ______. a. Simple and routine b. Simple and unconventional c. Complex and routine d. Complex and conventional e. Simple and nonroutine

a. Simple and routine

______ are federally licensed to borrow money from the Small Business Administration and to invest in it or lend it to small businesses a. Small business investment companies b. Small business angel investors c. Venture capitalists d. Small business management consultants e. Regulatory agencies

a. Small business investment companies

A difference between tactical and strategic plans is that: a. Tactical plans have a more concrete focus b. Tactical plans are set for and by the board of directors c. Tactical plans have broader time horizons d. Strategic plans are developed by first-line managers e. Strategic plans deal with the day-to-day operations of an organization

a. Tactical plans have a more concrete focus

When decisions making is under a condition of uncertainty: a. The alternatives are not known b. No ambiguity is involved c. Errors are least likely to occur d. The consequences of solutions are known e. The decision situation is simple

a. The alternatives are not known

In general, while identifying alternatives, the more important the decision, ________ a. The more alternatives should be generated b. The lesser the time needed to make the decision c. The lesser the chances of managers making the right decision d. The more the tendency of mangers to ignore intuitions e. The lesser the chances of managers using expert opinion to make the decision

a. The more alternatives should be generated

Which system is typically used by online retailers to take orders from customers? a. Transaction-processing systems b. Executive support systems c. Artificial intelligence d. Expert systems e. Personal Digital Technology

a. Transaction-processing systems

_____ is lack of information about future events.

a. Uncertainty

________ is a pattern of action by the members of an organization that directly or indirectly influences organizational effectiveness a. Workplace behavior b. Psychological contract c. Person-job fit d. Cognitive dissonance e. Organizational commitment

a. Workplace behavior

_____ is characterized by intangible outputs. a. Service technology b. Mass production c. Large-batch production d. Small-batch production e. Continuous process production

a. service technology

Stephanie is nervous about giving a presentation at the marketing firm where she works. One of her male coworkers told her, "Don't be such a girl, attack that presentation!" Now Stephanie is so concerned about appearing tough that she can barely concentrate on the content of the presentation. Stephanie's anxiety stems from: a. stereotype threat. b. ethnocentrism. c. plurality. d. glass ceiling threat. e. the female advantage.

a. stereotype threat

Stephanie is nervous about giving a presentation at the marketing firm where she works. One of her male coworkers told her, "Don't be such a girl, attack that presentation!" Now Stephanie is so concerned about appearing tough that she can barely concentrate on the content of the presentation. Stephanie's anxiety stems from: a. stereotype threat. b. ethnocentrism. c. plurality. d. glass ceiling threat. e. the female advantage.

a. stereotype threat.

Melissa is a manager at InStylez Clothing. Her job is very complex and she feels that she does not have enough time to identify and/or process all the information she needs to make decisions. Melissa's situation is most consistent with which of the following concepts? a. Bounded rationality b. The classical model of decision making c. Satisficing d. Brainstorming e. Scientific management

a.Bounded rationality

Decision making is a part of which management function?

a.Planning b.Organizing c.Controlling d.Leading e.All of these choices

Authority

accountability, responsibility, and delegation; line versus staff positions

A(n) ____ decision-making model describes how decisions are made rather than prescribing how they should be made.

administrative

Imagine that you are a CBS network executive selecting a program. You have three possible formats. One is a game show that is designed like a treasure hunt and staged on a secluded island. One uses a team approach to solving brainteasers and offers a $5 million prize. Another suggested game show pairs teenagers and their parents and has them answer music trivia questions. The prizes include full college tuition, a new house, automobiles for both, and so on. The ____ model can be used to explain why you chose the treasure hunt game without even evaluating the other two

administrative

The _____ model of decision making describes how managers actually make decisions in difficult situations, such as those characterized by nonprogrammed decision, uncertainty, and ambiguity

administrative

The _____ model of decision making describes how managers actually make decisions in difficult situations, such as those characterized by nonprogrammed decision, uncertainty, and ambiguity.

administrative

Which of the following is an example of an organization's change in technology and operations? a. Enhanced job design b. Additional training for workers c. Adoption of automated information systems d. New compensation program e. All of these

adoption of automated information systems

In the _____, managers invest time in reviewing the results of decisions and learn from them.

after-action review

most decentralized communication network

all channel

A firm's reward system a. is a means by which it tries to change employee behaviors. b. can be used to reward innovation. c. can be used to punish innovation. d. is made up of monetary and non-monetary rewards. e. All of these.

all of these

Reengineering involves a. radical redesign. b. cost. c. all aspects of a business. d. time. e. All of these.

all of these

The steps in the reengineering process involve a. developing goals and a strategy for reengineering. b. creating a sense of urgency. c. re-creating the organization. d. using top management to play a major role in the effort. e. All of these.

all of these

Which of the following is a possible diagnostic activity within organization development? a. Questionnaires b. Attitude surveys c. Archival data d. Conversations with managers e. All of these.

all of these

Which of the following might be a goal for change for an organization? a. To increase sales by 5% b. To open a new plant c. To identify a merger opportunity d. To improve customer satisfaction e. All of these.

all of these

As it relates to selecting the alternative in a decision-making situation, optimization means choosing the

alternative that will do the most for the overall organization, even though it does not maximize outcomes for particular parts of the organization.

. Many people believe that men make better managers because of their more collaborative, less hierarchical, relationship-oriented approach that is in tune with today's global and multicultural environment. a. True b. False

b

. Swift Move Facilities manufacturers two different bicycle models. The company produces a high volume of products using standardized production runs. The company does very little product customization. Swift Move uses what type of technology structure? a. Service production b. Mass production c. Large-batch production d. Small-batch production e. Continuous process production

b

. The Family and Medical Leave Act requires employers to provide up to _____ weeks unpaid leave for childbirth, adoption, or family emergencies. a. 8 b. 12 c. 16 d. 24 e. 52

b

Affirmative action requires that an employer take positive steps to guarantee promotion from within. a. True b. False

b

Aspects of both functional and divisional structures simultaneously in the same part of the organization are combined in the virtual network approach. a. True b. False

b

Certainty in the environment is usually associated with decentralization. a. True b. False

b

Collaboration refers to the managerial task of adjusting and synchronizing the diverse activities among different individuals and departments. a. True b. False

b

Confrontation, authoritarianism, and disciplined exploration are characteristics of the creative individuals. a. True b. False

b

Creative organizations: a. are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs. b. are loosely structured. c. have little ambiguity. d. have too many layers of management. e. use a centralized decision making approach

b

Cyrus's Resort has proposed some major structural changes within their organization. Some of the employees fear that they will lose power with the changes. They begin voicing resistance to the changes. What barrier to change are they exhibiting? a. Disagreements about the benefits b. Self-interests c. A lack of understanding and trust d. Uncertainty e. Goals and rewards

b

Exit interviews are valuable HR tools only if the departing employee leaves voluntarily. a. True b. False

b

B

Fred has been assigned to conduct a SWOT analysis for his organization, Flintstones, Inc. As part of this assignment, Fred will a. conduct an external wage survey. b. search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm. c. choose a grand strategy for his firm. d. do a cost/benefit analysis. e. develop a mission.

Upward

From bottom to top

c

General Products Inc. is a small clothing designer and manufacturer located in the United States. A vast majority of the company's revenues comes from U.S. sales, although about ten percent of the company's revenue come from sales to Canada. General Products Inc. can best be described as using which global corporate strategy? a. Globalization strategy b. Multidomestic strategy c. Export strategy d. Transnational strategy e. Domestic strategy

Clan Culture

Internal focus, values flexibility rather than stability, encourages collaboration

Hierarchy Culture

Internal focus, values stability, formalized structured work environment

Operational goal

Introduce out two ned

Four Stages of the Product Life Cycle

Introduction Growth Maturity Decline

Charlie feels each of the alternatives is basically the same. He decides based on his gut feeling. Which of the behavioral factors that influence decision making does Charlie's behavior reflect?

Intuition

When Eric selected Janine for the marketing position, he had a feeling she would fit into the culture of the department. Eric used ___ to fill the position.

Intuition

Focused-differentiation strategy

Offers products that are of unique and superior value compared to those of competitors and to target a narrow market

Differentiation Strategy

Offers products that are of unique and superior value compared to those of competitors but to target a wide market

When Canine Companions train a dog to be a service dog they start from a basic training approach. Dogs communicate through body language that the trainer knows. The trainer routinely makes ____ decisions. A. nonprogrammed B. programmed C. rational D. satisfying E. noninnovative

Programmed

Explain the difference between programmed and nonprogrammed decisions and give an example of each.

Programmed decisions involve situations that have occurred enough to enable decision rules to be developed and applied in the future. Examples include job skills required to fill certain positions, the reorder point for manufacturing inventory, and selection of freight routes for product deliveries. Nonprogrammed decisions are made in response to situations that are unique, are poorly defined and largely unstructured, and have important consequences for the organization. Examples are decisions to build a new factory, develop a new product or service, and enter a new geographical market.

Gillette operates numerous strategic business units. Most of its units in the personal care division have low market share but high business growth. These units are classified as _____.

Question mark exists in a new, rapidly growing industry, but only has a small market share.

Based on the rational decision making model you would expect the first thing that happened at the other networks of TV as a result of the success of the american idol TV series was to....

Realize that they needed to create a viewer participation talent search TV program like American Idol

Decoding barrier

Recipient doesn't understand the message

Oprah Winfrey and Regis Philbin retired from talk shows at the same time. TV executives saw an opportunity to fill the void. The executives were in which step of the rational decision making process?

Recognizing and Defining the situation

The first step in the decision making process is A. brainstorming B. Implementation C. generation of alternatives D. Recognizing and defining the situation E. expression of a willingness to be innovative

Recognizing and defining the situation

Joyce wants to decrease turnover. She can change hiring practices, improve benefits, improve wages, or provide an annual bonus. She chooses a year-end bonus because it keeps payroll lower and should quickly affect turnover. This example suggests that Joyce is at which step in the decision-making process?

Selecting which alternative to implement

Joyce wants to decrease turnover. she can change hiring practices, improve benefits. she chooses a bonus because it keeps payroll lower and quickly affect turnover. This suggests that joyce is a which step in the decision making process?

Selecting which alternative to implement

Five dimensions of emotional intelligence

Self-awareness Managing emotions Monitoring oneself Empathy Social Skill

a

Semway, a regional bank, recently announced that it would soon begin offering financial planning services. This is an example of which of these? a. Related diversification b. Unrelated diversification c. Cross-functional diversification d. Product line diversification e. Industry diversification

Four of the job characteristics model

Skill variety Task identity Significance Feedback

_____ production involves the production of goods in batches of one or a few products designed to customer specifications.

Small-batch

c

Some people argue that _____ is the most difficult and most important part of strategic management. a. SWOT analysis b. strategic formation c. strategic execution d. strategic analysis e. strategy evaluation

SMART goals

Specific, measurable, attainable, results, target dates

According to the BCG Matrix, which of the following exists in a mature, slow-growth industry, but is a dominant business in the industry, with a large market share? a. Asterisk b. Dog c. Cash cow d. Star e. Question mark-wrong

Star

B

Stephanie works in one of seven research and development departments at Tara's Terrace, Inc. This would suggest that Tara's Terrace has a a. functional structure. b. divisional structure. c. wide span of control. d. high degree of centralization. e. matrix structure.

What type of organizational unit has a unique business mission, product line, competitors, and markets relative to other units in the same corporation?

Strategic business unit

_____ is the set of decisions and actions used to formulate and implement strategies that will provide a competitively superior fit between the organization and its environment so as to achieve organizational goals.

Strategic management

_____ refers to the use of managerial tools to direct resources toward the achievement of strategic goals.

Strategy execution

_____ refers to the use of managerial tools to direct resources toward the achievement of strategic goals. a. Strategy formulation b. Strategy coordination c. Strategy execution d. Strategy control e. Strategy planning

Strategy execution

Which of the following refers to the planning and decision making that lead to the establishment of the organization's goals and of a specific strategic plan?

Strategy formulation

C

The BCG matrix organizes along which of the following dimensions? a. Market share and profit b. Sales and market share c. Business growth rate and market share d. Business growth rate and profit e. Sales and profits

e

The _____ function recruits selects, trains, transfers, promotes, and lays off employees to achieve strategic goals. a. production b. leadership c. information and control systems d. structural design e. human resource

a

The assumption that a single global market exists would lead to a: a. globalization strategy. b. multidomestic strategy. c. diversity strategy. d. domestic strategy. e. liquidation strategy.

A

The company's CEO puts pressure on the firm's R&D managers to develop products that can be created cheaply. The firm would be following a ________ strategy. cost leadership differentiation cost focus retrenchment

Flash Card Inc. recently underwent a significant company-wide change that involved revision of its manufacturing and leadership processes. The result of this was a stronger emphasis on horizontal coordination. This level of change is referred to as: a. reorganization. b. reengineering. c. e-engineering. d. strategic planning. e. corporate structuring.

b

Graicunas quantified three kinds of interactions with subordinates. They are a. functional, product, and customer. b. direct, cross, and group. c. direct, indirect, and indeterminate. d. delegated, centralized, and decentralized. e. group, individual, and team.

b

Homogeneous top management teams tend to be broadminded in their perspectives. a. True b. False

b

In the divisional approach, coordination across divisions is great whereas coordination within divisions is often poor. a. True b. False

b

Lack of trust is perhaps the biggest obstacle to organizational change. a. True b. False

b

Louise works in the manufacturing department at Ice Sculptures. The work in Louise's department is low in task specialization. As a result, Louise: a. usually performs a single task. b. does a variety of tasks and activities. c. is often bored. d. is rarely challenged. e. generally goofs-off.

b

Most organizations make a conscious effort to shift from a pluralism perspective to one of monoculture. a. True b. False

b

Most organizations that cut benefits during the recent recession plan to restore them in the near future. a. True b. False

b

One of the questions that human resource planning should consider includes "what is the profit margin and inventory turnover rate?" a. True b. False

b

People change starts with training everyone in the organization. a. True b. False

b

Quick response to external changes is an advantage of vertical functional structure. a. True b. False

b

Reengineering basically means preserving the past by establishing the sequence of activities by how work was done. a. True b. False

b

Research shows that companies with several senior-level women underperform financially and organizationally in comparison to those without senior-level women. a. True b. False

b

Research shows that realistic job previews lower employee satisfaction and increase turnover. a. True b. False

b

Restraining forces can be thought of as problems or opportunities that provide motivation for change within the organization. a. True b. False

b

Riya was a highly successful manager at Optics International. After ten years with the company, she decided to leave and become a fulltime mother and caregiver to her ailing father. This example demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers? a. Female advantage b. Opt-out trend c. Glass ceiling d. Glass wall e. Opaque ceiling

b

Solicitation with the promise of reward is the highest level of sexual harassment. a. True b. False

b

Stephanie works in one of seven research and development departments at Tara's Terrace, Inc. This would suggest that Tara's Terrace has a: a. functional structure. b. divisional structure. c. wide span of control. d. high degree of centralization. e. matrix structure.

b

Survey feedback enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups and teams. a. True b. False

b

The Equal Pay Act prohibits differences in pay on account of race. a. True b. False

b

The functional structure is appropriate when the primary goal is innovation and flexibility. a. True b. False

b

The functional, _____, and _____ are traditional approaches that rely on the chain of command to define departmental groupings and reporting relationships along the hierarchy. a. divisional; teams b. divisional; matrix c. matrix; teams d. matrix; networks e. teams; networks

b

The idea in the large-group intervention is to get a sample of people who may have an interest in the organization, gather perspectives from the selected parts of the system, and allow the sample to create a collective future. a. True b. False

b

The matrix structure violates which of the following principles of management? a. Unity of direction b. Unity of command c. Work specialization d. Division of labor e. Span of management

b

The principle of unity of command suggests that managers within an organization should reach agreement on the goals and objectives of the organization. a. True b. False

b

The traditional dimension of diversity can be acquired or changed throughout one's lifetime. a. True b. False

b

The trend in recent years has been toward narrower spans of control as a way to facilitate delegation. a. True b. False

b

Today's workers are younger than ever before. a. True b. False

b

When an organization uses a differentiation strategy, it strives for internal efficiency. a. True b. False

b

Which of the following created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission? a. Americans with Disabilities Act b. Civil Rights Act c. Equal Pay Act d. Vocational Rehabilitation Act e. Immigration Reform and Control Act

b

Which of the following means that an organization accommodates several subcultures? a. Monoculturalism b. Pluralism c. Ethnorelativism d. Geocentricism e. Ethnocentrism

b

Which workforce generation category is characterized as ambitious but lacking loyalty to the organization? a. Generation X b. Generation Y c. Baby boomers d. Teeny boppers e. Generation A

b

While interviews are _____, they are generally _____ predictors of subsequent job performance. a. rarely used; not valid b. widely used; not valid c. rarely used; excellent d. widely used; valid e. painful; excellent

b

_____ departments include all of those that provide specialized skills in support of _____ departments. a. Line; staff b. Staff; line c. Primary; functional d. Functional; primary e. Line; functional

b

Which of the following decision-making models involves recognizing and defining the situation, developing alternatives, selecting an alternative, implementing the chosen alternative, and following up? a) Behavioral b) Classical c) Administrative d) Bureaucratic e) Sequential

b) Classical

Which of the following decision-making models is a prescriptive model? a) Behavioral b) Classical c) Administrative d) Bureaucratic e) Probabilistic

b) Classical

Which of the following decision-making models is based on the belief that human behavior is precisely rational? a) Behavioral b) Classical c) Administrative d) Bureaucratic e) Hierarchical

b) Classical

Groups that are used to develop a consensus of expert opinion without the members of the group ever meeting face to face are called ____ groups. a) interacting b) Delphi c) nominal d) unilateral e) task

b) Delphi

The CIO at Canon is considering an information system upgrade. He goes to each of the division heads to discuss their information needs and system capabilities. The CIO narrows the options, and contacts the executives again, reaching agreement before purchasing a system. Which group decision-making technique does this represent? a) Interacting b) Delphi c) Nominal d) Unilateral e) Task

b) Delphi

If you make a decision that does not turn out as planned Warren Buffet advises, "When you find yourself in a hole, stop digging." What behavioral influence on decision making does this advice attempt to prevent? a) Intuition b) Escalation of commitment c) Empathy d) Risk propensity e) Political forces

b) Escalation of commitment

The Family and Medical Leave Act requires employers to provide up to _____ weeks unpaid leave for childbirth, adoption, or family emergencies. a. 8 b. 12 c. 16 d. 24 e. 52

b. 12

The Family and Medical Leave Act requires employers to provide up to _____ weeks unpaid leave for childbirth, adoption, or family emergencies. a. 8 b. 12 c. 16 d. 24 e. 52

b. 12

The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 requires employers to provide up to _____ for family and medical emergencies a. six month of paid leave b. 12 weeks of unpaid leave c. 15 weeks of paid leave d. one year of unpaid leave e. one year of paid leave

b. 12 weeks of unpaid leave

Which of the following includes nonverbal communication? a. An e-mail message b. A Skype video conference c. A legal contract d. An iTouch e. A cell phone text message

b. A Skype video conference

The planning process begins with which of these? a. The development of operational goals b. The development of a mission statement c. Communication of goals to the rest of the organization d. A company-wide meeting e. Brainstorming

b. The development of a mission statement

The planning process begins with which of these? a. The development of operational goals b. The development of a mission statement c. Communication of goals to the rest of the organization d. A company-wide meeting e. Brainstorming

b. The development of a mission statement

Which of t following is an accurate statement about small businesses? a. They hire at a much slower rate than large companies b. They are likely to eliminate jobs at a far higher rate than large companies c. They provide little scope for innovation d. They constitute 3 percent of all businesses in the United States. e. They employ only 4 percent of all workers in the United States

b. They are likely to eliminate jobs at a far higher rate than large companies

Which of the following statements is true about entrepreneurs? a. They are typical angel investors b. They essentially star new businesses c. They essentially hire professional managers d. They essentially manage businesses of other individuals e. They are essentially employees of a corporation

b. They essentially star new businesses

The matrix structure violates which of the following principles of management? a. Unity of direction b. Unity of command c. Work specialization d. Division of labor e. Span of management

b. Unity of command

While interviews are _____, they are generally _____ predictors of subsequent job performance. a. rarely used; not valid b. widely used; not valid c. rarely used; excellent d. widely used; valid e. painful; excellent

b. Widely used; Not valid

Double Click, Inc. has a number of strategic business units. Their hand-held computer unit has a large market share in this rapidly growing industry. Their hand-held computer business would be classified as: a. a dog. b. a star. c. a question mark. d. a cash cow. e. stuck in the middle.

b. a star

Double Click, Inc. has a number of strategic business units. Their hand-held computer unit has a large market share in this rapidly growing industry. Their hand-held computer business would be classified as: a. a dog. b. a star. c. a question mark. d. a cash cow. e. stuck in the middle.

b. a star.

Creative organizations: a. are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs. b. are loosely structured. c. have little ambiguity. d. have too many layers of management. e. use a centralized decision making approach.

b. are loosely structured

Creative organizations: a. are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs. b. are loosely structured. c. have little ambiguity. d. have too many layers of management. e. use a centralized decision making approach.

b. are loosely structured.

Examples of nonprogrammed decisions would include the decision to: a. reorder supplies. b. develop a new product or service. c. perform routine maintenance on one of the machines in manufacturing. d. terminate an employee for violation of company rules. e. fill a position.

b. develop a new product or service

Examples of nonprogrammed decisions would include the decision to: a. reorder supplies. b. develop a new product or service. c. perform routine maintenance on one of the machines in manufacturing. d. terminate an employee for violation of company rules. e. fill a position.

b. develop a new product or service.

Stephanie works in one of seven research and development departments at Tara's Terrace, Inc. This would suggest that Tara's Terrace has a: a. functional structure. b. divisional structure. c. wide span of control. d. high degree of centralization. e. matrix structure.

b. divisional structure

Stephanie works in one of seven research and development departments at Tara's Terrace, Inc. This would suggest that Tara's Terrace has a: a. functional structure. b. divisional structure. c. wide span of control. d. high degree of centralization. e. matrix structure.

b. divisional structure.

The functional, _____, and _____ are traditional approaches that rely on the chain of command to define departmental groupings and reporting relationships along the hierarchy. a. divisional; teams b. divisional; matrix c. matrix; teams d. matrix; networks e. teams; networks

b. divisional; matrix

The functional, _____, and _____ are traditional approaches that rely on the chain of command to define departmental groupings and reporting relationships along the hierarchy. a. divisional; teams b. divisional; matrix c. matrix; teams d. matrix; networks e. teams; networks

b. divisional;matrix

Louise works in the manufacturing department at Ice Sculptures. The work in Louise's department is low in task specialization. As a result, Louise: a. usually performs a single task. b. does a variety of tasks and activities. c. is often bored. d. is rarely challenged. e. generally goofs-off.

b. does a variety of tasks and activities

Louise works in the manufacturing department at Ice Sculptures. The work in Louise's department is low in task specialization. As a result, Louise: a. usually performs a single task. b. does a variety of tasks and activities. c. is often bored. d. is rarely challenged. e. generally goofs-off.

b. does a variety of tasks and activities.

Which workforce generation category is characterized as ambitious but lacking loyalty to the organization? a. Generation X b. Generation Y c. Baby boomers d. Teeny boppers e. Generation A

b. generation y

Riya was a highly successful manager at Optics International. After ten years with the company, she decided to leave and become a fulltime mother and caregiver to her ailing father. This example demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers? a. Female advantage b. Opt-out trend c. Glass ceiling d. Glass wall e. Opaque ceiling

b. opt-out trend

When compared to tall organizations, flat organizations: a. Are more expensive b. Place more supervisory responsibilities on managers c. Have more layers of managers d. Place minimal administrative responsibilities on managers e. Have lower levels of employee morale and productivity

b. place more supervisory responsibilities on managers

A blueprint specifying the resource allocations schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals is referred to as a(n): a. goal. b. plan. c. mission. d. vision. e. objective

b. plan

A blueprint specifying the resource allocations schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals is referred to as a(n): a. goal. b. plan. c. mission. d. vision. e. objective.

b. plan.

Which of the following means that an organization accommodates several subcultures?a. Monoculturalism b. Pluralism c. Ethnorelativism d. Geocentricism e. Ethnocentrism

b. pluralism

Flash Card Inc. recently underwent a significant company-wide change that involved revision of its manufacturing and leadership processes. The result of this was a stronger emphasis on horizontal coordination. This level of change is referred to as: a. reorganization. b. reengineering. c. e-engineering. d. strategic planning. e. corporate structuring.

b. reengineering

After every quarterly board meeting, Bernice's Bracelets, Inc. announces big changes. They usually do not follow through on these changes. What is causing this lack of enthusiasm? a. Disagreements about the benefits b. Self-interests c. A lack of trust d. Goals and assessments e. Competitors

c

In which of the following decision-making conditions is the decision maker aware of all of the alternatives and able to assign probabilities to the costs and payoffs of each alternative? a) Probability b) Risk c) Certainty d) Rationality e) Uncertainty

c) Certainty

Which of the following is NOT an example of an interacting group? a) Standing committee b) Task force c) Delphi group d) Functional department e) Ad hoc committee

c) Delphi group

What is the fourth step in rational decision making? a) Identify a set of rational alternatives b) Evaluate the possible alternatives c) Select which alternative to implement d) Evaluate decision effectiveness e) Recognize and define the decision situation

c) Select which alternative to implement

The administrative model of decision making argues that decision makers _______ while making decisions a. Use complete and perfect information b. Do not use intuition while making decisions c. Are constrained by bounded rationality d. Completely avoid escalation of commitment e. Use only instincts

c. Are constrained by bounded rationality

In a _____, the entrepreneur summarizes the business strategy and how that strategy is to be implemented a. Market summary b. Mission statement c. Business plan d. cost-benefit analysis e. Business environment analysis

c. Business plan

When a manager writes a mail to a supplier apologizing for a delay in payment, he is most likely to be using his ______ skills a. Conceptual b. Technical c. Communication d. Abstract e. Spatial

c. Communication

Which of the following perspectives on motivation concerns "what" motivates people rather than "how" they are motivated? a. Reinforcement b. Process c. Content d. Equity e. Expectance

c. Content

Darren set goals for each of his employees. Each employee ended up with at least twenty-five goals. This process violates which of the following criteria for effective goals? a. Specific and measurable b. Challenging but realistic c. Covers key result areas d. Defined time period e. Linked to rewards

c. Covers key result areas

Darren set goals for each of his employees. Each employee ended up with at least twenty-five goals. This process violates which of the following criteria for effective goals? a. Specific and measurable b. Challenging but realistic c. Covers key result areas d. Defined time period e. Linked to rewards

c. Covers key result areas

Which style is used by people who prefer simple, clear-cut solutions to problems? a. Behavioral b. Conceptual c. Directive d. Analytical e. Classical

c. Directive

Which style is used by people who prefer simple, clear-cut solutions to problems? a. Behavioral b. Conceptual c. Directive d. Analytical e. Classical

c. Directive

_____ is NOT a type of current problem that organizational development can help address. a. Mergers b. Acquisitions c. Diversification d. Organizational decline e. Conflict management

c. Diversification

Which of the following is an organizational strength? a. High employee turnover b. High production costs c. Well-established distribution channels d. High purchasing power of customers e. New competitors

c. Well-established distribution channels

According to the two-factor theory, which of the following is a hygiene factor that influences an employee's satisfaction or dissatisfaction? a. Achievement b. Recognition c. Working conditions d. Advancement and growth e. The work itself

c. Working conditions

Which of the following structures works best in an uncertain organizational environment? a. A tight structure b. A mechanistic structure c. A horizontal structure d. A functional structure e. A vertical structure

c. a horizontal structure

After every quarterly board meeting, Bernice's Bracelets, Inc. announces big changes. They usually do not follow through on these changes. What is causing this lack of enthusiasm? a. Disagreements about the benefits b. Self-interests c. A lack of trust d. Goals and assessments e. Competitors

c. a lack of trust

Phlex Plastic has a very strong set of corporate values. In fact, Phlex has been known to discourage the emergence of alternative values. Phlex is most likely: a. a diverse organization. b. an organization that encourages pluralism. c. a monoculture. d. geocentric. e. minority-owned organization

c. a monoculture

Phlex Plastic has a very strong set of corporate values. In fact, Phlex has been known to discourage the emergence of alternative values. Phlex is most likely: a. a diverse organization. b. an organization that encourages pluralism. c. a monoculture. d. geocentric. e. minority-owned organization.

c. a monoculture.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the large-group intervention model? a. Results in incremental change b. Learning for the small group c. Addresses the entire system d. Gradual time frame e. Limited distribution

c. addresses the entire system

Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be: a. cordial. b. rightsized. c. ambidextrous. d. compliant. e. intra-focused.

c. ambidextrous

Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be: a. cordial. b. rightsized. c. ambidextrous. d. compliant. e. intra-focused.

c. ambidextrous.

_____ is NOT a type of current problem that organizational development can help address. a. Mergers b. Acquisitions c. Diversification d. Organizational decline e. Conflict management

c. diversification

People with a(n) _____ style rely on information from both people and systems and like to solve problems creatively.

conceptual

A(n) _____ occurs when an employee's decision potentially benefits the individual to the possible detriment of the organization.

conflict of interest

Decisions that are unethical may pass one or two decision criteria, but they fail the ____ test

consequences

Plans that define company responses to specific situations, such as emergencies, setbacks, or unexpected conditions are called _____ plans.

contingency

_____ are people who work for an organization, but not on a permanent or full-time basis.

contingent workers

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as _____ .

cooperation

A business activity that an organization does particularly well relative to its competition is known as a(n) _____.

core competence

A(n) _____ is an in-house training and education facility that offers broad-based learning opportunities for employees.

corporate university

When AT&T decided to buy Media One, a cable company, it was pursuing a(n) _____ strategy a. multi-domestic b. internal growth c. functional-level d. corporate-level e. business-level- wrong

corporate-level

Sears' decision to sell off much of its financial services division is an example of

corporate-level strategy

When Philip-Morris, the tobacco giant, bought Kraft, Inc., it was pursuing a ____

corporate-level strategy

With a(n) _____ strategy, the organization aggressively seeks efficient facilities, pursues cost reductions, and uses tight cost controls to produce products more efficiently than competitors.

cost leadership

The _____ strategy involves seeking efficient facilities, cutting costs and using tight cost controls to be more efficient than competitors.

cost leadership. The cost leadership strategy involves seek efficient facilities, cutting costs and using tight cost controls to be more efficient than competitors.

Which of the following can help make the reengineering process more effective?

creating a sense of urgency in the organization

_____ is the generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization.

creativity

A special type of contingency plan that is used when events are sudden and devastating and require immediate response is called _____.

crisis management planning

_____ involves activities that managers undertake to try to prevent crises from occurring and to detect warning signs of potential crises.

crisis prevention

The _____ role in organizational change involves providing a "reality test."

critic

_____ teams consist of employees from various functional departments who are responsible to meet as a team and resolve mutual problems.

cross-functional

To remain competitive, companies should develop strategies that focus on core competencies, providing synergy, and creating value for

customers

"The Brain" is a permanent secret group within one of the nation's largest auto manufacturers. Members of this elite group focus intently on developing new and innovative automobile technologies. "The Brain" can best be described as what type of group or team? a. Cross-functional team b. Fast-cycle team c. Brainstorming team d. Skunkwork e. New-venture team

d

A(n) ____ is usually a middle manager who learns about a new product or service idea and becomes committed to it. This manager helps the inventor overcome resistance to change and convinces others to take the innovation seriously. a. sponsor b. venture capitalist c. informational leader d. product champion e. transformational leader

d

The U.S. government has never faltered on its debt payments. Investing in treasury bills is an example of... a) decision making under risk b) satisficing c) bounded rationality d) decision making under certainty e) decision making under uncertainty

d) decision making under certainty

When the manager knows what the alternatives are and the probabilities associated with each alternative are guaranteed, the manager is experiencing... a) decision making under risk b) satisficing c) bounded rationality d) decision making under certainty e) decision making under uncertainty

d) decision making under certainty

The best alternative is the most ____ alternative. a) efficient b) controllable c) profitable d) effective e) valid

d) effective

Decisions by managers, of AOL Time Warner, to sell off Warner Music Group's DVD and CD manufacturing, printing, packaging, physical distribution, and merchandising business was an example of a ____ decision. a) programmed b) satisficing c) rational d) nonprogrammed e) financial

d) nonprogrammed

The first step in using the Delphi procedure is to... a) recognize the problem b) collect potential alternatives c) agree that the decision will not be optimized d) obtain the cooperation of a panel of experts e) create staff positions for group members

d) obtain the cooperation of a panel of experts

Computers scan items when they are purchased. Most inventory decisions are now... a) nonprogrammed b) rational c) ethical d) programmed e) satisficing

d) programmed

Decisions that are routine and deal with situations in which the factors are familiar and have occurred in the past are called ____ decisions. a) nonprogrammed b) satisficing c) rational d) programmed e) non-innovative

d) programmed

Zaheer is a nurse. When his alarm goes off at 6:00 a.m. each morning, he puts on his uniform and drives to work on the same route each day. This is an example of a(n) ____ decision. a) nonprogrammed b) rational c) ethical d) programmed e) satisficing

d) programmed

The rational model of decision making assumes all of the following EXCEPT... a) the decision maker is logical b) the decision maker always has the best interests of the organization at heart c) the decision maker has a list of alternatives both standard and creative from which to choose d) the decision maker will select the least expensive acceptable alternative e) the decision maker will try to eliminate as much uncertainty as possible

d) the decision maker will select the least expensive acceptable alternative

Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics? a. An idea champion b. A sponsor c. A new-venture team d. An idea incubator e. An inventor

d. An idea incubator

Sandbox Sally's, Inc. is making some changes to the work schedules of its employees. Some of the employees are not happy with the changes. As their manager, Harry tells them that they can accept it or leave. What approach to change implementation is Harry using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education

d. Coercion

The conflict individuals may experience among their won attitudes is called _______. a. Risk propensity b. Emotional intelligence c. Organizational commitment d. Cognitive dissonance e. Negative affectivity

d. Cognitive dissonance

Sports teams travel together. They compete against other teams. This increases their ________. a. Diversity b. Role structure c. Norm generalization d. Cohesiveness e. Informal leadership

d. Cohesiveness

The ______ suggests that appropriate managerial behavior in a given situation depends on unique elements in that situation a. Behavioral management perspective b. Quantitative management perspective c. Systems perspective d. Contingency perspective e. Universal perspective

d. Contingency perspective

Why has the importance of cross-cultural leadership increased in today's times? a. Because of improving profit margins b. Because of office politics c. Because of increasing unethical practices d. Because of the increasing environmental concerns e. Because of the improving diversity rations in workplaces

e. Because of the improving diversity rations in workplaces

Mingles, Inc. concentrates its efforts on its target market of 18 to 25 year olds. It is using a(n) _____ strategy. a. focus b. differentiation c. cost leadership d. multidomestic e. universal

focus

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves managers putting in place processes and structures to ensure that new ideas are carried forward for acceptance and implementation is known as _____ .

innovation roles

_____ refers to services that are perishable and, unlike physical products, cannot be stored in inventory.

intangible output

A(n) ____ group is the most common form of a decision-making group

interacting

Human resources is trying to keep a good legal counselor. The lawyer wants a flexible work schedule. HR recommends working remotely one day a week. This is a(n) ____ force for change. a. internal b. managerial c. external d. radical e. technical

internal

The top executives at Delta Inc. have decided to reorganize the corporation from product divisions into geographic sectors. This is a(n) _____ force for change.

internal

factors that influence the span of management except

internal forces within the organization

Employees at P&G found that electrostatic cloth picked up more dirt than a wet cloth. The Swiffer was born. This is an example of a. intrapreneurship. b. new venture formation. c. creativity. d. entrepreneurship. e. None of these.

intrapreneurship

When Eric selected Janine for the marketing position, he had a feeling she would fit into the culture of the department. Eric used ____ to fill the position.

intuition

​_____ is an innate belief about something without conscious consideration.

intuition

which of the following is true about cash cow?

it has a large market share in a slow growth industry

"We respect our employees and value their diversity" is an example of a statement you are most likely to find in the organization's: a. mission. b. strategic goals. c. tactical goals. d. strategic plans. e. tactical plans.

mission

An organization's _____ is a statement of its fundamental, unique purpose that sets a business apart from other firms of its type and identifies the scope of the business's operations in product and market terms.

mission

A culture that accepts only one way of doing things and one set of values and beliefs is called a(n) _____.

monoculture

difference between communicatioan and effective communication is based on

mutual understandig

A disparity between existing and desired performance levels is known as a(n) _____ .

need for change

_____ is an example of an external force that affects an organization.

new government regulations

wages are traditionally paid to

non exempt level employees

Decisions by managers of AOL Time Warner to sell off Warner Music Group's DVD and CD manufacturing, printing, packaging, physical distribution, and merchandising business was an example of a ____ decision.

nonprogrammed

Dr Elkin is an orthodontist. Each patient's mouth is different. When he decides on a course of treatment he makes a(n) ____ decision.

nonprogrammed

The Detroit three auto makers and United Auto Workers negotiated a labor deal with pay raises for entry level workers. This is an example of a ____ decision. A. nonprogrammed B. programmed C. rational D. satisfying E. noninnovative

nonprogrammed

The U.S. Postal Service started stamps.com so customers can print and send items from home. They also offered a promotion for a scale and free postage. This is an example of a(n) ____ decision.

nonprogrammed

To better compete with the Internet as a communications tool, Hallmark created a line of 99-cent cards called "Warm Wishes." This introduction of a line of cards that is priced much lower than its other product lines was more than likely the result of a(n) ____ management decision.

nonprogrammed

Yum Brands is expanding its Chinese presence into smaller cities because larger cities are saturated. This is.....Decisions. A. nonprogrammed B. programmed C. rational D. satisfying E. noninnovative

nonprogrammed

_____ decisions are made in response to situations that are unique, are poorly defined and largely unstructured, and have important consequences for the organization.

nonprogrammed

Double Click, Inc. has a number of strategic business units. Their hand-held computer unit has a large market share in this rapidly growing industry. Their hand-held computer business would be classified as: a. a dog. b. a star. c. a question mark. d. a cash cow. e. stuck in the middle.

star

Broad statements describing where the organization wants to be in the future are called _____.

strategic goals

_____ is the set of decisions and actions used to formulate and implement strategies that will provide a competitively superior fit between the organization and its environment so as to achieve organizational goals.

strategic management

b

the purpose of _____ is to expand the firm's business operations to produce new kinds of valuable products and services? a. retrenchment b. diversification c. liquidation d. cash cow e. internal growth

A management process is considered to be effective when:

the right decisions are made and implemented

Porter's Five Competitive Forces

threat of new entrants. bargaining power of suppliers. bargaining power of buyers. threat of substitute products or services. rivalry among competitors.

When the CEO wanted to move HR to the suburbs the HR director perceived she would get less face time with her boss. As a result of ____, the director was resistant to the change. a. feelings of loss b. different perceptions c. participation d. threatened self-interest e. uncertainty

threatened self interest

_____ symbolizes to all employees that the change is important for the organization.

top management support

A desired future state that the individual or organization attempts to realize is a goal

true

Goals are most effective when they are specific, measurable, challenging and linked to rewards.

true

Goals are typically stated in quantitative terms

true

If Renae, manager at Leak Free Roofing, wanted to develop a contingency plan for Leak Free, she would need to look at factors such as new equipment, the economy, and the company workers' compensation cases.

true

Of executives whose companies had no formal strategic planning process, about half said they were dissatisfied with the company's development strategy.

true

One of the limitations of setting goals and making plans is that they can get in the way of creativity.

true

Prevention and preparation are the two stages of crisis management.

true

Research has shown that strategic thinking and planning positively affect a firm's performance and financial success.

true

Some companies hire competitive intelligence professionals to scan the external environment and provide data and research on relevant domestic and global trends.

true

The dog, according to the BCG Matrix, is a poor performer.

true

The task environment sectors are the most relevant to strategic behavior and include the behavior of competitors, customers, suppliers, and the labor supply.

true

Desiree is reluctant to accept a new job offer because there are so many unknowns. According to the text, the most likely reason for such employee resistance to change is a. threatened self-interests. b. different perceptions. c. uncertainty. d. participation. e. feelings of loss.

uncertainty

In general, the biggest cause of worker resistance to change is _____.

uncertainty

In general, the most common cause of worker resistance to change is a. threatened self-interests. b. uncertainty. c. different perceptions. d. feelings of loss. e. participation.

uncertainty

Most of the significant decisions in contemporary organizations are made under which decision-making condition?

uncertainty

_____ is lack of information about future events.

uncertainty

Which of the following is the role of top managers in an organization? a. Overseeing day-to-day operations b. Performing routine administrative tasks c. Implementing plans of first-line managers d. Creating organizational goals and overall strategy e. Coordinating the work of first-line managers

d. Creating organizational goals and overall strategy

When top executives work with managers in major divisions or departments to develop their own goals and plans, it is known as _____ planning. a. interdepartmental b. crisis c. focus d. decentralized e. competitive

d. Decentralized

The process of choosing one alternative from among a set of alternatives is called ________. a. Rational ignorance b. Altruism c. Bounded rationality d. Decision making e. Groupthink

d. Decision making

During the growth stage of the product life cycle,: a. Most companies downsize b. The demand is the lowest c. Competitors start exiting the industry d. More firms begin producing the product e. Sales rapidly decline

d. More firms begin producing the product

___________ are concerned with creating and managing the systems that create an organization's products and services a. Marketing managers b. Human resources managers c. Financial managers d. Operation managers e. First-line managers

d. Operation managers

Siemens communications department started working remotely one day a week. It was a change in a. people. b. technology and operations. c. design. d. social responsibility. e. organization mission.

design

The key to making effective decisions under conditions of risk is to

determine the probabilities associated with each alternative as accurately as possible

The _____ delineates the chain of command, indicates departmental tasks and how they fit together, and provides order and logic for the organization. a. management chart b. employee directory c. structural table d. administrative chart e. organizational chart

e

When trying to overcome the resistance for change, which approach is best suited when change is technical? a. Coercion b. Top management support c. Negotiation d. Participation e. Communication

e

Level 1: Obersvable Artifact

Physical Manifestations of Culture

Four Functions of Management

Planning Controlling Leading Organizing

Whats the fourth step in rational decision making?

Select which alternative to implement

Four of the methods for selecting human resources

Test Application blanks Assessment Interviews

T/F The CEO of Andre's Autos, Inc. must do all of the planning for the company because that is the way to do things in today's workplace.

FALSE

T/F The essence of formulating strategy is choosing how the organization will conform to become like its key competitors in the industry.

FALSE

T/F Trend management is looking at trends and discontinuities and imagining possible alternative futures.

FALSE

In the divisional approach, coordination across divisions is great whereas coordination within divisions is often poor.

False

Lack of trust is perhaps the biggest obstacle to organizational change.

False

Making a choice is the most significant part of the decision-making process.

False

Managers will frequently look for new information that contradicts their instincts or original point of view.

False

Many people believe that men make better managers because of their more collaborative, less hierarchical, relationship-oriented approach that is in tune with today's global and multicultural environment.

False

Most organizations make a conscious effort to shift from a pluralism perspective to one of monoculture.

False

Most organizations that cut benefits during the recent recession plan to restore them in the near future.

False

Most people underestimate their ability to predict uncertain outcomes.

False

One of the biggest benefits of planning is that, in turbulent environments, plans create greater organizational flexibility.

False

One of the biggest benefits of planning is that, in turbulent environments, plans create greater organizational flexibility. (TF)

False

One of the limitations of setting goals and making plans is that they can get in the way of creativity.

False

One of the questions that human resource planning should consider includes "what is the profit margin and inventory turnover rate?"

False

Operational plans and goals are those that focus on the outcomes that major divisions and departments must achieve in order for the organization to reach its overall goal

False

Operational plans and goals are those that focus on the outcomes that major divisions and departments must achieve in order for the organization to reach its overall goals.

False

Operational plans and goals are those that focus on the outcomes that major divisions and departments must achieve in order for the organization to reach its overall goals. (TF)

False

Organizing defines what to do while strategy defines how to do it.

False

People change starts with training everyone in the organization.

False

Quick response to external changes is an advantage of vertical functional structure.

False

Reengineering basically means preserving the past by establishing the sequence of activities by how work was done.

False

For companies to operate effectively, the amount of centralization or decentralization should fit the firm's strategy.

True

Goals are most effective when they are specific, measurable, challenging and linked to rewards.

True

Goals are most effective when they are specific, measurable, challenging and linked to rewards. (TF)

True

Goals are typically stated in quantitative terms.

True

Goals are typically stated in quantitative terms. (TF)

True

Good intuitive decision making is based on an ability to recognize patterns at lightning speed.

True

Groupthink refers to the tendency of people in groups to suppress contrary opinions.

True

Hiring and keeping quality employees is one of the most urgent concerns for today's organizations.

True

If Renae, manager at Leak Free Roofing, wanted to develop a contingency plan for Leak Free, she would need to look at factors such as new equipment, the economy, and the company workers' compensation cases.

True

If Renae, manager at Leak Free Roofing, wanted to develop a contingency plan for Leak Free, she would need to look at factors such as new equipment, the economy, and the company workers' compensation cases. (TF)

True

If Renee, manager at Leak Frog Roofing, wanted to develop a contingency plan for Leak Frog, she would need to look at factors such as new equipment, the economy, and the company workers' compensation cases.

True

In the unfreezing step, participants must be made aware of problems and be willing to change.

True

Mergers/acquisitions, organizational decline, and conflict management are the three types of current problems that organizational development managers face.

True

Most bad decisions are errors in judgment that originate in the human mind's limited capacity and in the natural biases of the manager.

True

Of executives whose companies had no formal strategic planning process, about half said they were dissatisfied with the company's development strategy.

True

Of executives whose companies had no formal strategic planning process, about half said they were dissatisfied with the company's development strategy. (TF)

True

One of the limitations of setting goals and making plans is that they can get in the way of creativity.

True

One of the limitations of setting goals and making plans is that they can get in the way of creativity. (TF)

True

Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.

True

Organizational development involves the application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organization's effectiveness and success.

True

People who prefer simple, clear-cut solutions to problems use the directive style.

True

Point-counterpoint is a decision-making technique in which people are assigned to express competing points of view.

True

Prevention and preparation are the two stages of crisis management.

True

Prevention and preparation are the two stages of crisis management. (TF)

True

Recruiters are now viewing the profiles and pictures of candidates on social networking sites such as Facebook.

True

Recruiting activities can be divided into (1) internal recruiting including "promote from within" policies, and (2) external recruiting including the use of headhunters.

True

Research has shown that strategic thinking and planning positively affect a firm's performance and financial success.

True

Research has shown that strategic thinking and planning positively affect a firm's performance and financial success. (TF)

True

Restraining forces can be thought of as problems or opportunities that provide motivation for change within the organization.

True

Risk propensity refers to the willingness to undertake risk with the opportunity of gaining an increased payoff.

True

Satisficing behavior occurs when we choose the first solution alternative that satisfies minimal decision criteria regardless of whether better solutions are expected to exist.

True

Service firms include banks, hotels, and law firms.

True

Sexual harassment in the workplace is a violation of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.

True

Some companies hire competitive intelligence professionals to scan the external environment and provide data and research on relevant domestic and global trends.

True

Some companies hire competitive intelligence professionals to scan the external environment and provide data and research on relevant domestic and global trends. (TF)

True

Step one in the managerial decision-making process is recognition of decision requirement.

True

Stereotypes assume that all members of a group have the same characteristics.

True

The acceptance of mistakes, the freedom to discuss ideas, and the assignment of nonspecialists to problems are characteristics of creative organizations or departments.

True

The approach that managers use to make decisions usually falls into one of three types - the classical model, the administrative model, and the political model.

True

The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change is technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change.

True

The confusion and frustration caused by the dual chain of command is a major problem of the matrix structure.

True

The disparity between existing and desired performance levels is the need for change.

True

The dog, according to the BCG Matrix, is a poor performer.

True

The dog, according to the BCG Matrix, is a poor performer. (TF)

True

The framework in which the organization defines how tasks are divided, resources are deployed and departments are coordinated is called organizational structure.

True

The essence of formulating strategy is choosing how the organization will conform to become like its key competitors in the industry.

false

Trend management is looking at trends and discontinuities and imagining possible alternative futures

false

assessment centers are a common form of selection for many applicatns, at all levels, and are cost effective

false

Research shows that companies with several senior-level women underperform financially and organizationally in comparison to those without senior-level women.

False

Research shows that realistic job previews lower employee satisfaction and increase turnover.

False

Solicitation with the promise of reward is the highest level of sexual harassment.

False

Survey feedback enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups and teams.

False

The BCG (Boston Consulting Group) matrix evaluates SBUs with respect to their business growth rate and geographical location.

False

The CEO of Andre's Autos, Inc. must do all of the planning for the company because that is the way to do things in today's workplace.

False

The CEO of Andre's Autos, Inc. must do all of the planning for the company because that is the way to do things in today's workplace. (TF)

False

The Equal Pay Act prohibits differences in pay on account of race

False

The behavioral style is often adopted by managers who like to consider complex solutions based on as much data as they can gather.

False

The essence of formulating strategy is choosing how the organization will conform to become like its key competitors in the industry.

False

The essence of formulating strategy is choosing how the organization will conform to become like its key competitors in the industry. (TF)

False

The formulation stage involves the use of managerial, administrative, and persuasive abilities to ensure that the chosen alternative is carried out.

False

The functional structure is appropriate when the primary goal is innovation and flexibility.

False

A_____ group is the most common form of a decision making group.

Interacting

The horizontal linkage model is increasingly important in high pressure business environments that require rapidly developing and commercializing products and services.

True

The pure functional structure is appropriate for achieving internal efficiency goals.

True

The task environment sectors are the most relevant to strategic behavior and include the behavior of competitors, customers, suppliers, and the labor supply

True

The task environment sectors are the most relevant to strategic behavior and include the behavior of competitors, customers, suppliers, and the labor supply.

True

The task environment sectors are the most relevant to strategic behavior and include the behavior of competitors, customers, suppliers, and the labor supply. (TF)

True

Traditional views of organizational design recommend a span of management of about 7 to 10 subordinates per manager.

True

Training is one of the most frequently used approaches to changing people's mindsets.

True

Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation.

True

Wage and salary surveys show what other organizations pay incumbents in jobs that match a sample of "key" jobs selected by the organization.

True

The distinctive feature of the project manager position is that the person is not a member of one of the departments begin coordinated.

Ture

Most of the significant decisions in contemporary organizations are made under which decision making condition? A. risk B. uncertainty C. certainty D. probability E. rationality

Uncertainty

Under which decision making condition is the decision maker unaware of all the alternatives and risks associated with each alternatives? A. risk B. uncertainty C. certainty D. probability E. rationality

Uncertainty

Under which decision-making condition is the decision maker unaware of all the alternatives and the risks and consequences associated with each alternative?

Uncertainty

When an organization expands into a totally new line of business, it is implementing a strategy of:

Unrelated diversification. When an organization expands into a totally new line of business, it is implementing a strategy of: unrelated diversification

A manager who has a low-risk propensity would A. rely on intuition for his or her decision making B. reach decisions quickly C. use the rational decision making model D. Easily invest large sums of money in support of his or her decisions E. Reach decisions aggressively

Use the rational decision making model

When a manager makes a decision in spite of having imperfect information this is known as A. bounded rationality B. Decision Specialization C. Using the rational model of decision making D. Using the Behavioral model of decision making E. Satisficing

Using the Behavioral Model of decision making

Crowdsourcing

Using the Internet and social media to enlist a group outside the organization for help solving a problem

Up and down the chain of command

Vertical

D

Walt works for a large company. Recently, his organization began to contract out such functions as training, engineering, and computer service. This approach is consistent with a a. functional structure. b. team structure. c. divisional structure. d. hollow/network structure e. service structure

Social Media

Web-based and mobile technologies generate interactive dialogue with members of a network

Janessa is the CEO of a privately-held software company. In defining corporate-level strategies, which of the following questions would she most likely be concerned with?

What business are we in?

Values statement

What the company stands for: core priorities, values of employees, and what the products contribute to society

Five different communication networks

Wheel Why Chain All-network Circle

b

When an organization expands into a totally new line of business, it is implementing a strategy of: a. Related diversification b. Unrelated diversification c. Cross-functional diversification d. Product line diversification e. Industry diversification

C

When analyzing the "W" in SWOT analysis, Roberta, the manager might be assessing possible challenges in the market. competitors' actions. high turnover of employees. good financial resources of the firm.

Your assistant comes to you with the feasibility evaluation of a decision alternative. What should he be describing to you?

Whether the alternative is within the realm of probability and practicality for the organization

Your assistant comes to you with the feasibility evaluation of a decision alternative.What should he be describing to you?

Whether the alternative is within the realm of probability and practicality for the organization.

c

Which of the following is NOT one of Porter's competitive forces? a. Potential new entrants b. Bargaining power of suppliers c. Bargaining power of stockholders d. Bargaining power of customers e. Rivalry among competitors

D

Which of the following is a "do" when attempting to improve communication? A) Close your eyes. B) Speak very slowly. C) Lick your lips or play with your hair. D) Smile. E) Look away from the speaker.

D

Which of the following is closest to a SMART goal? a. Send out a whole bunch of my resumes so I can get a job working in retail banking b. Read the job wanted ads to find out which banks are hiring c. Call a friend who works at a bank to get a referral d. Send out my resume to all local banks by the end of the week e. Get a job now

Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation. a. True b. False

a

Wage and salary surveys show what other organizations pay incumbents in jobs that match a sample of "key" jobs selected by the organization. a. True b. False

a

Which of the following individual skills for improving communication is probably most important? a. Developing good listening skills b. Being sensitive to the sender's point of view c. Being aware of meanings that other people assign to words d. Asking appropriate questions e. Being patient

a

With a(n) _____ strategy, the organization attempts to develop innovative products unique to the market. a. differentiation b. integration c. reengineering d. cost leadership e. defensive

a

_____ is characterized by intangible outputs. a. Service technology b. Mass production c. Large-batch production d. Small-batch production e. Continuous process production

a

Which of the following statements is true in the context of decision making under a condition of uncertainty?

a decision maker greatly relies on intuition, judgement, and experience

Double Click, Inc. has a number of strategic business units. Their hand-held computer unit has a large market share in this rapidly growing industry. Their hand-held computer business would be classified a

a star

60. Which of the following statements BEST describes bounded rationality? a) Decision makers are limited by having incomplete information as well as by their values, unconscious reflexes, skills, and habits b) Decision makers have complete information regarding the situation and all possible alternatives c) Decision makers will be able to fully anticipate the consequences of each available alternative because these consequences define the boundary d) People tend to be rational decision makers, and this fact bounds the creativeness and effectiveness of decisions e) Alternative permutations make it imperative for rational decision makers to create a bounded number of evoked alternatives

a) Decision makers are limited by having incomplete information as well as by their values, unconscious reflexes, skills, and habits

____ is the act of choosing one alternative from many. a) Decision making b) Problem solving c) Risk assessment d) Programmed decision making e) Certainty evaluation

a) Decision making

Demonstrating personal excitement or passion about something is part of ________ leadership. a. Charismatic b. Entrepreneurial c. Symbolic d. Integrative e. Participative

a. Charismatic

Raw figures and facts reflecting a single aspect of reality are referred to as a. Data b. Information c. Opinion d. Meaning e. Knowledge

a. Data

Hydraliscious is a juice brand that sells a wide range of fruit juices that only uses organic ingredients, which is its uniqueness when compared with other brands. Even though Hydraliscious juices are highly priced, a lot of customers buy them because of the quality of the juices. Hydraliscious is most likely to be using a(n) ______ strategy. a. Differentiation b. Cost-leadership c. Divesting d. Bundle pricing e. Anti-competitive

a. Differentiation

For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as what type of innovation? a. Disruptive innovation b. Service innovation c. Productive innovation d. Restructuring innovation e. Reverse innovation

a. Disruptive innovation

For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as what type of innovation? a. Disruptive innovation b. Service innovation c. Productive innovation d. Restructuring innovation e. Reverse innovation

a. Disruptive innovation

_______ is a common platform for changing business processes. a. Enterprise resource planning b. Entropy c. Reverse engineering d. Contingency planning e. Synergy

a. Enterprise resource planning

_______ is a general factor that contributes to the success of small businesses a. Escalation of commitment b. External locus of control c. Satisficing d. Managerial competence e. Self-dealing

a. Escalation of commitment

In the context of the Vroom's decision tree approach, when a manager allows his group to define for itself the exact nature and parameters of a problem and then to develop a solution, they follow the __________ decision-making style a. Facilitate b. Consult individually c. Decide d. Delegate e. Consult group

a. Facilitate

Mingles, Inc. concentrates its efforts on its target market of 18 to 25 year olds. It is using a(n) _____ strategy. a. focus b. differentiation c. cost leadership d. multidomestic e. universal

a. Focus

______ is a situation that occurs when a group or team's desire for consensus and cohesiveness overwhelms its desire to reach the best possible decision a. Groupthink b. Groupshift c. Brainstorming d. Condorcet's paradox e. Group polarization

a. Groupthink

Colby is a new interviewer who just finished an interview with Renee. Her professional style and her flawless grooming immediately struck him. Colby gave Renee a very good evaluation although her previous work experience and educational background were not that exceptional. What rating error did Colby succumb to? a. Halo effect b. Central tendency c. Homogeneity d. Leniency e. General tendency

a. Halo effect

Organizations with a diverse workforce are most likely to ______ when compared to less diverse organizations a. Have higher levels of productivity b. Have higher levels of turnover c. Have higher levels of absenteeism d. Foster fewer conflicts e. Have a lack of understanding of different market segments

a. Have higher levels of productivity

identify the reason why organizations are unable to achieve a perfect person-job fit a. Imperfect selection processes b. Static nature of people c. Consistent traits among individuals d. Static nature of organizations e. Similarity in skills required for different jobs

a. Imperfect selection processes

_______ is the degree to which the overall task of the organization is broken down and divided into smaller component parts a. Job specialization b. Job enrichment c. Job rotation d. Job enlargement e. Task identity

a. Job specialization

A(n) ______ organization is similar to the bureaucratic model a. Mechanistic b. Organic c. Continuous process d. Large-batch e. Unit

a. Mechanistic

"We respect our employees and value their diversity" is an example of a statement you are most likely to find in the organization's: a. mission. b. strategic goals. c. tactical goals. d. strategic plans. e. tactical plans.

a. Mission

An organization's _______ is a statement of its fundamental, unique purpose that sets a business apart from other firms of its type and identifies the scope of the business's operations in product and market terms a. Mission b. Statement of qualification c. Article of incorporation d. Operational gaol e. Tactical Plan

a. Mission

_______ is defined as the set of fires that cause people to behave in certain ways a. Motivation b. Management c. Attribution d. Personality e. Contribution

a. Motivation

Before implementing new changes in work schedules, Trudy's Trinkets works with the union to ensure a smooth transition. What approach to change is this company using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education

a. Negotiation

According to Fast Company, in 2013, _____ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company. a. Nike b. Pinterest c. Target d. Apple e. Procter & Gamble

a. Nike

The standards of behavior that a group accepts for and expects of its members are called ______. a. Norms b. Roles c. Rules d. Customs e. Values

a. Norms

Attempting to change the attitudes and values of a company's workforce indicates a change in the area of_______ a. People b. Work processes c. Organizational control systems d. Organization structure e. Task environment

a. People

Units with ______ operate with little interaction--the output of the units is put together at the organizational level a. Pooled interdependence b. Total interdependence c. Reciprocal interdependence d. Sequential interdependence e. Structural interdependence

a. Pooled interdependence

_________ is the ability to affect the behavior of others a. Power b. Discipline c. Function d. Potential e. Virtue

a. Power

A manufacturer of health foods ensures that at least 90 percent of all its raw materials is grown organically. This is an example of _________ control a. Preliminary b. Postaction c. Feedback d. Screening e. Concurrent

a. Preliminary

The first step of the change process involves: a. Recognizing the need for change b. Implementing the change c. Selecting a change technique d. Choosing a change leader e. Overcoming resistance to change

a. Recognizing the need for change

The starting point in formulating strategies is usually: a. SWOT analysis b. Resource deployment c. Divesting d. Deskilling e. Contingency analysis

a. SWOT analysis

A long-term time frame is most closely associated with: a. operational plans. b. tactical plans. c. strategic plans. d. mission plans. e. tactical goals.

c. strategic plans.

Which of the following factors is NOT associated with larger span of control? a. Work performed by subordinates is stable and routine. b. Subordinates perform similar work tasks. c. Subordinates are located at various different locations. d. Subordinates are highly trained and need little direction. e. Rules and procedures defining task activities are available.

c. subordinates are located at various different locations

Gadgetbug Inc. manufactures home appliances. All the decisions are made by the top managers at the company. The middle and lower managers follow the instructions given by top managers rather than making decisions by themselves. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario?

centralization

In decision making, a condition of _____ exists when a decision maker knows what the alternatives are and what conditions are associated with each alternative.

certainty

An OD specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change is called a(n) _____.

change agent

The second stage in Lewin's change model, _____ , occurs when individuals experiment with new behavior and learn new skills to be used in the workplace.

changing

The steps in the reengineering process do NOT involve a. developing goals and a strategy for reengineering. b. creating a sense of urgency. c. changing the firm's competitors. d. recreating the organization. e. using top management to play a major role in the effort.

changing the firms competitors

360 feedback is associated with

coaching and counseling

A(n) ____ is an informal group allied together for a common purpose.

coalition

Ryan Tool Company just purchased Coney Tools. The purchase came about because both the research and development people and the production people at Ryan joined forces to lobby for the purchase of Coney rather than another company. Both groups wanted Coney because of its up-to-date research and production facilities. The behavioral force that influenced their decision making is referred to as

coalition

The CEO is retiring. There are two candidates remaining. Three division heads support Alex. The other four division heads support Pat. These alliances can be called

coalitions

When people from two or more departments work together to produce outcomes that meet a common goal, this is referred to as _____.

collaboration

Monetary payments and nonmonetary goods or benefits used to reward employees are known as _____.

compensation

_____ is important because decision making is a continuous, never ending process.

feedback

final and often most difficult part of the performance appraisal is

feedback

A(n) _____ structure has a wide span, is horizontally dispersed, and has fewer hierarchical levels.

flat

_____ means extending the search for and commercializing new ideas beyond the boundaries of the organization and even beyond the boundaries of the industry.

innovation

outcomes of interpersonal behavior include all the following except

source of overload?

The _____ is the number of employees reporting to a supervisor.

span of management

e

According to the BCG Matrix, which of the following exists in a mature, slow-growth industry, but is a dominant business in the industry, with a large market share? a. Question mark b. Asterisk c. Dog d. Star e. Cash cow

Explain the underlying assumptions of the administrative decision making model.

(1) The decision maker operates to accomplish goals that are vague and conflicting. (2) Rational procedures are not always used; all alternatives and the potential results are based on simplistic views of organizational events. (3) Alternatives are limited based on human constraints. (4) Managers settle for satisficing.

a

. The _____ strategy involves seeking efficient facilities, cutting costs and using tight cost controls to be more efficient than competitors. a. cost leadership b. differentiation c. focus d. internal growth e. liquidation

Sy. Med Development.....Under certainty

...

List the five characteristics of effective goals.

1. Specific 2. Measurable 3. Achievable 4. Realistic 5. Timely

"We respect our employees and value their diversity" is an example of a statement you are most likely to find in the organization's: a. mission. b. strategic goals. c. tactical goals. d. strategic plans. e. tactical plans.

A

. Mingles, Inc. concentrates its efforts on its target market of 18 to 25 year olds. It is using a(n) _____ strategy. a. focus b. differentiation c. cost leadership d. multidomestic e. universal

A

A market segment is a group of Select one: a. customers within a market that can be different from each other on the basis of their distinct attributes and specific demands. b. companies that produce similar goods or services. c. customers within a market that purchase goods or services in similar quantities. d. customers within a market that have similar levels of profitability. e. none of these.

A

A(n) ____ group is the most common form of a decision-making group. a. interacting b. Delphi c. nominal d. unilateral e. task

A

According to the text, valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable resources can produce sustainable competitive advantage only if they are __________ resources. Select one: a. nonsubstitutable b. substitutable c. reliable d. expensive e. imitable

A

Administrative and political decision making procedures and intuition have been associated with high performance in unstable environments in which decisions must be made rapidly and under more difficult conditions. a. True b. False

A

An industry can be defined as a group of Select one: a. companies offering products or services that are close substitutes for each other. b. twenty or more companies offering products or services that are close substitutes for each other. c. companies. d. companies that offer dissimilar products or services. e. companies that offer products or services to dissimilar customers

A

Based on the rational decision-making model, you would expect the first thing that happened at the other major networks as a result of the success of the American Idol television series was to a. realize that they needed to create a viewer participation talent search TV program like American Idol. b. identify variations on the same American Idol theme. c. evaluate where in their schedules viewer participation talent search programming belonged. d. select a location for their version of a viewer participation talent search television show. e. choose the contestants desperate for 15 minutes of fame.

A

Bierderlack has a policy that states that more than three absences in a six-month period shall result in a suspension. Colleen, the manager, has just decided to suspend one of her shift employees for violating this policy. This is an example of: a. a programmed decision. b. a nonprogrammed decision. c. an insignificant decision. d. poor management. e. personal grudge.

A

Brainstorming uses a face-to-face interactive group to spontaneously suggest a wide range of alternatives for decision making. a. True b. False

A

Charles struggled through a year of Mandarin. The graduation requirement is two years of one world language. Charles could start with a different language, but he would have to give up an elective. Charles chose to take the second year of Mandarin. He engaged in a. satisficing. b. equifinality. c. bounded efficiency. d. optimization. e. nominal decision making.

A

Dr Elkin is an orthodontist. Each patient's mouth is different. When he decides on a course of treatment he makes a(n) ____ decision. a. nonprogrammed b. rational c. ethical d. programmed e. satisficing

A

Eventually most industries enter a decline stage where Select one: a. growth becomes negative. b. rivalry among established companies usually decreases. c. competitive pressures abate. d. excess capacity declines. e. demand continues to hold steady.

A

Evidence shows that people who make poor decisions under the influence of strong emotions tend to continue that behavior in the future. a. True b. False

A

Functional managers Select one: a. are responsible for the specific business functions or operations that constitute a company or one of its divisions. b. look at the overall picture of a corporation. c. have no strategic role. d. formulate generic strategies. e. execute business-level decisions.

A

Good intuitive decision making is based on an ability to recognize patterns at lightning speed. a. True b. False

A

Good strategic leaders Select one: a. possess a willingness to delegate and empower subordinates. b. control all facets of decision making. c. are confident in their ability to make sound decisions without consulting others. d. assure uniformity of purpose through the exercise of power. e. have the ability to be inconsistent when the situation requires inconsistency.

A

Groupthink refers to the tendency of people in groups to suppress contrary opinions. a. True b. False

A

It is important to follow up and evaluate the effectiveness of a decision to a. ensure that the decision achieves the desired result. b. help eliminate satisficing. c. enable objective quantification of the decision. d. determine the feasibility of another alternative if the original decision proves ineffective. e. help eliminate bounded rationality.

A

Managers with a(n) _____ style may make decisions that help others achieve their goals. a. behavioral b. conceptual c. directive d. analytical e. classical

A

Melissa is a manager at InStylez Clothing. Her job is very complex and she feels that she does not have enough time to identify and/or process all the information she needs to make decisions. Melissa's situation is most consistent with which of the following concepts? a. Bounded rationality b. The classical model of decision making c. Satisficing d. Brainstorming e. Scientific management

A

Members of the board of directors are supposed to be agents for Select one: a. stockholders. b. employees. c. executive officers. d. customers. e. suppliers.

A

Mingles, Inc. concentrates its efforts on its target market of 18 to 25 year olds. It is using a(n) _____ strategy. a. focus b. multidomestic c. cost leadership d. differentiation e. universal

A

Most bad decisions are errors in judgment that originate in the human mind's limited capacity and in the natural biases of the manager. a. True b. False

A

Of the strategic management functions, which is considered the most fundamental? a. Planning b. Controlling c. Leading d. Executing e. Analyzing

A

Ryan Tool Company just purchased Coney Tools. The purchase came about because both the research and development people and the production people at Ryan joined forces to lobby for the purchase of Coney rather than another company. Both groups wanted Coney because of its up-to- date research and production facilities. The behavioral force that influenced their decision making is referred to as a. coalition. b. intuition. c. bounded rationality. d. interacting group behavior. e. escalation of commitment.

A

Satisficing behavior occurs when we choose the first solution alternative that satisfies minimal decision criteria regardless of whether better solutions are expected to exist. a. True b. False

A

Step one in the managerial decision-making process is recognition of decision requirement. a. True b. False

A

Strategic implementation involves Select one: a. taking actions at the functional, business, and corporate levels. b. comparing company performance with leading companies in the industry. c. analyzing the macroenvironment for any last-minute changes that may have occurred. d. only activities at the corporate level. e. all of these choices.

A

The U.S. Postal Service started stamps.com so customers can print and send items from home. They also offered a promotion for a scale and free postage. This is an example of a(n) ____ decision. a. nonprogrammed b. rational c. ethical d. programmed e. satisficing

A

The approach that managers use to make decisions usually falls into one of three types - the classical model, the administrative model, and the political model. a. True b. False

A

The first step in the decision-making process is a. recognizing and defining the situation. b. brainstorming. c. the generation of alternatives. d. the expression of a willingness to be innovative. e. implementation.

A

The manager who has difficulty identifying alternatives and assessing their probabilities is experiencing a. decision making under uncertainty. b. decision making under absolute certainty. c. decision making under risk. d. decision maker's creativity block. e. decision making with fear.

A

The planning process begins with which of these? a. The development of a mission statement b. The development of operational goals c. Brainstorming d. A company-wide meeting e. Communication of goals to the rest of the organization

A

Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act did NOT prohibit discrimination on the basis of ____. A later act prohibited it. a. age b. race c. gender d. color e. national origin

A

To better compete with the Internet as a communications tool, Hallmark created a line of 99-cent cards called "Warm Wishes." This introduction of a line of cards that is priced much lower than its other product lines was more than likely the result of a(n) ____ management decision. a. nonprogrammed b. rational c. ethical d. programmed e. satisficing

A

When evaluating decision alternatives, the first question to be asked is whether an alternative is within the realm of probability and practicality for the organization. This refers to which of the following alternative evaluation criteria? a. Feasibility b. Satisfactoriness c. Affordability d. Consequences e. Rationality

A

When managers base decisions on what has worked in the past and fail to explore new options, they are: a. perpetuating the status quo. b. being influenced by emotions. c. being overconfident. d. justifying past actions. e. seeing what they want to see.

A

When the manager understands the available options but the probabilities associated with each option are uncertain, the manager is experiencing a. decision making under risk. b. satisficing. c. bounded rationality. d. decision making under certainty. e. decision making under uncertainty.

A

When the space shuttle Columbia needed to reenter the atmosphere the crew knew there was damage on the outside of the aircraft. If there had been room and supplies the crew could have gone to the space station. Which criterion for evaluating a decision alternative did the space station fail to meet? a. Feasibility b. Satisfactoriness c. Affordability d. Consequences e. Rationality

A

Which of the following defines a technique that uses a face-to-face group to spontaneously suggest a broad range of alternatives for decision making? a. Brainstorming b. Groupthink c. Point-counterpoint d. Brainwriting e. Devil's advocate

A

Which of the following defines a technique that uses a face-to-face group to spontaneously suggest a broad range of alternatives for decision making? a. Brainstorming b. Groupthink c. Point-counterpoint d. Brainwriting e. Devil's advocate

A

Which of the following is a commonly-cited limitation of planning? a. Plans can create a false sense of security. b. Plans make it more difficult to measure standards of performance. c. Plans limit employee motivation and commitment. d. Plans make resource allocation more difficult. e. Plans boost intuition and creativity.

A

Which of the following is not one of Porters five forces, as proposed in his original model? Select one: a. Threat of complementors b. Bargaining power of suppliers c. Rivalry among established companies d. Threat of new entrants e. Threat of market changes

A

Which of the following statements BEST describes bounded rationality? a. Decision makers are limited by having incomplete information as well as by their values, unconscious reflexes, skills, and habits. b. Decision makers have complete information regarding the situation and all possible alternatives. c. Decision makers will be able to fully anticipate the consequences of each available alternative because these consequences define the boundary. d. People tend to be rational decision makers, and this fact bounds the creativeness and effectiveness of decisions. e. Alternative permutations make it imperative for rational decision makers to create a bounded number of evoked alternatives.

A

Why are some managers thought to engage in empire building? Select one: a. Growth results in large company size, and large size satisfies managers needs for power, status, income, and job security. b. The pursuit of growth represents the best way of maximizing the long-run profitability of the company. c. Growth is designed to increase market share, which in turn increases company profits. d. Companies that do not grow stagnate. e. Stockholders would rather invest in large companies than in small ones.

A

____ is the act of choosing one alternative from many. a. Decision making b. Problem solving c. Risk assessment d. Programmed decision making e. Certainty evaluation

A

Blue Ocean Strategy

A company creates a new, uncontested market space that makes competitors irrelevant, creates new consumer value, and decreases costs

Operating plan

A plan that breaks long-term output into shortterm targets or goals

Benchmarking

A process by which a company compares its performance with that of high-performing organizations

Stategic Management

A process that involves managers from all parts of the organization in the formulation and the implementation of strategies and strategic goals

Double Click, Inc. has a number of strategic business units. Their hand-held computer unit has a large market share in this rapidly growing industry. Their hand-held computer business would be classified as:

A star

E

A(n) ________ form of media allows receivers to observe multiple cues, such as body language and tone of voice, and allows senders to get feedback. Face-to-face communication is an example of this form of media. A) dense B) formal C) encoded D) informal E) rich

The Rolling Stones The Rolling Stones are the most successful act in the music industry largely because they run the band as a business—the Rolling Stones, Inc. Since 1989 (the beginning of the modern age of the Rolling Stones), the band has generated more than $1.5 billion in gross revenues. That total includes sales of records, song rights, merchandising, sponsorship money, and touring. Unlike some other groups, the Stones carry no antibusiness baggage. The Rolling Stones, Inc. operates on a combustible mix of talent and intense labor—the product of four decades of trial and error. The company licenses over 50 products from underwear to formalwear. Its record earnings from one tour came in 1994 with the Voodoo Lounge tour, which grossed $121.2 million. Over the past decade, the group's song writing has made about $56 million. The next time you see Mick Jagger think of him as the highly successful CEO of a mid-sized corporation. The goal of the corporation is to continue providing products that differ from its competitors' offerings so that fans will continue to pay a premium price for what it sells. Refer to The Rolling Stones. What kind of diversification have the Rolling Stones used to grow their business? Select one: a. unrelated b. investment-specific c. autonomous d. relative e. acquisitive

A----Unrelated diversification is the licensing of so many products that are unrelated to the production of music.

_____ is also referred to as work specialization. a. Division of labor b. Unity of command c. Scalar chain d. Esprit de corps e. Virtual network approach

A. Division of labor

The most common form of formal corporate training is: a. on-the-job training. b. classroom training. c. orientation training. d. developmental training. e. external training.

A. On the job training

To remain competitive, companies should develop strategies that focus on core competencies, providing synergy, and creating value for _____. a. customers b. suppliers c. stockholders d. employees e. board members

A. customers

C

Apple has fired employees who have leaked news about unannounced products. Which step of the planning and controlling process is this? Make the plan. Carry out the plan. Take corrective action. Document the plan.

A

Are the rituals and ceremonies of a company, as well as the manner of dress, awards, myths and stories told about a company. A) Observable artifacts of organizational culture B) Invisible artifacts of that industry's culture and values C) Espoused values of organizational culture D) Basic assumptions about organizational culture E) Enacted values of organizational culture

Strategic Management Process step 2

Assess the current reality

Strategic positioning

Attempts to achieve sustainable competitive advantage by preserving what is distinctive about a company

_____ is the formal and legitimate right of a manager to make decisions, issue orders, and allocate resources to achieve organizationally desired outcomes.

Authority

. A blueprint specifying the resource allocations schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals is referred to as a(n): a. goal. b. plan. c. mission. d. vision. e. objective.

B

. The behavioral style is often adopted by managers who like to consider complex solutions based on as much data as they can gather. a. True b. False

B

A disadvantage of the ____ decision making model is that it does not use ethics. a. behavioral b. classical c. administrative d. bureaucratic e. sequential

B

A sustainable competitive advantage exists for an organization when other companies have tried unsuccessfully to duplicate the advantage and: Select one: a. those companies have been prohibited from duplicating the advantage by federal law b. those companies have, for the moment, stopped trying to duplicate the advantage c. the organization is able to implement exclusive distribution d. the organization operates in the international marketplace e. the organization has a follower strategic stance

B

A(n) ____ is an informal group allied together for a common purpose. a. action committee b. coalition c. board of directors d. interacting group e. department

B

Aaron planned to cut prices at his bicycle shop, but when a competing shop began to offer free repairs, Aaron decided to copy them. Aarons new strategy (offer free repairs) is an example of aNo Select one: a. mistake. b. emergent strategy. c. deliberate strategy. d. intended strategy. e. unrealized strategy.

B

Alabama Airlines has three planning specialists who help division managers develop their own division plans. Serving as consultants to the divisions, the planning specialists give advice about strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Alabama Airlines is utilizing what approach to the planning function? a. Centralized planning department b. Decentralized planning staff c. Planning task force d. Centralized planning committee e. TQM

B

An emergent strategy is Select one: a. the result of a planned strategy. b. an unplanned response to unforeseen circumstances. c. the product of careful top-down planning mechanisms. d. the same as a realized strategy. e. a group response to a problem area.

B

Bounded rationality is assumed in a. the rational model. b. the behavioral model. c. decision making under certainty. d. escalation of commitment. e. the nonlinear model.

B

Caving into peer pressure is a disadvantage of ____. a. dominance b. groupthink c. compromise d. irrationality e. coalitions

B

Donald Davis has to decide what make and model of pickup trucks to buy for his extermination company employees to drive. There are eight different manufacturers and countless models from which to choose. He also plans to buy a pickup for himself later on. He checks out the Dodge models and selects the Dodge full-sized model because he does not have much time to spend on the problem and because it will do the job. What would Herbert Simon call what Davis has just done? a. Decision framing b. Satisficing c. Escalation of commitment d. Innovation e. Bounded rationality

B

Double Click, Inc. has a number of strategic business units. Their hand-held computer unit has a large market share in this rapidly growing industry. Their hand-held computer business would be classified as: a. a dog. b. a star. c. a question mark. d. a cash cow. e. stuck in the middle.

B

Examples of nonprogrammed decisions would include the decision to: a. reorder supplies. b. develop a new product or service. c. perform routine maintenance on one of the machines in manufacturing. d. terminate an employee for violation of company rules. e. fill a position.

B

Imagine that you are an ABC network executive. Your task is to find a successful game show. You have three possible formats. One is a game show that is designed like a treasure hunt and staged on a secluded island. One uses a team approach to solving brainteasers and offers a $5 million prize. Another suggested game show pairs teenagers and their parents and has them answer music trivia questions. The prizes include full college tuition, a new house, automobiles for both, and so on. In which step of the rational decision-making process are you? a. Recognizing and defining the problem b. Evaluating alternatives c. Selecting the best alternatives d. Implementing an alternative e. Cannot be determined from the information given

B

LaTannia, manager of the accounting department, has to decide which computer system to purchase for her department. She has looked at all of the possible alternatives and is leaning toward an IBM system because she had positive experiences with an IBM system in her old job. This is an example of a. optimization. b. bounded rationality. c. satisficing. d. synergy. e. escalation of commitment.

B

Making a choice is the most significant part of the decision-making process. a. True b. False

B

Managers will frequently look for new information that contradicts their instincts or original point of view. a. True b. False

B

Mikko needed to replace his air conditioner. He left messages with four companies. The first one to call back got the job. He used a. decision framing. b. satisficing. c. escalation of commitment. d. innovation. e. bounded rationality.

B

Mobility barriers Select one: a. prevent movement within a strategic group. b. inhibit the movement of companies between strategic groups in an industry. c. inhibit the movement of a company from one industry to another. d. include exit barriers of the strategic group that a company wants to enter. e. are low when exit barriers in the strategic group that a company is a member of are high.

B

Most people underestimate their ability to predict uncertain outcomes. a. True b. False

B

Organizing defines what to do while strategy defines how to do it. a. True b. False

B

Renee made a bad decision. She stays with it, trying to convince others it was a good decision. This is an example of a. bounded optimization. b. escalation of commitment. c. programmed decision making. d. strategic maximization. e. intuitive rationality

B

Sarah is a middle manager at Stylin' Sneakers Corporation. She is most likely responsible for the achievement of _____ goals. a. operational b. tactical c. strategic d. lower-level e. top-level

B

The CEO is retiring. There are two candidates remaining. Three division heads support Alex. The other four division heads support Pat. These alliances can be called a. organizational grapevines. b. coalitions. c. focus groups. d. nominal groups. e. boards of directors.

B

The CIO at Canon is considering an information system upgrade. He goes to each of the division heads to discuss their information needs and system capabilities. The CIO narrows the options, and contacts the executives again, reaching agreement before purchasing a system. Which group decision-making technique does this represent? a. Interacting b. Delphi c. Nominal d. Unilateral e. Task

B

The formulation stage involves the use of managerial, administrative, and persuasive abilities to ensure that the chosen alternative is carried out. a. True b. False

B

The key to making effective decisions under conditions of risk is to a. recognize that information is not available and approach the situation intuitively. b. determine the probabilities associated with each alternative as accurately as possible. c. develop a rational system for ordering your choices in a hierarchy of importance. d. recognize that you do not know all of the alternatives related to the decision. e. identify the alternative(s) with completely predictable outcomes.

B

The most effective managers are consistent in using their own decision style rather than shifting among styles. a. True b. False

B

The planning process begins with which of these? a. The development of operational goals b. The development of a mission statement c. Communication of goals to the rest of the organization d. A company-wide meeting e. Brainstorming

B

The takeover constraint Select one: a. effectively limits the number of independent companies that a company can acquire. b. limits the degree to which managers can pursue strategies that are at variance with stockholder interests. c. is a theoretical construct that can be ignored in practice. d. limits the freedom that individual companies have to maximize their long-run return on investment. e. is imposed by corporate managers on errant business-level managers.

B

The tendency of organizations to invest time and money in a solution despite strong evidence that is not appropriate is referred to as: a. collective intuition. b. escalating commitment. c. decision learning. d. team delay. e. technological decisions.

B

Tino has a stack of resumes. He throws out all the ones without a bachelors degree. Which criterion for evaluating a decision alternative do these candidates fail to meet? a. Feasibility b. Satisfactoriness c. Affordability d. Consequences e. Rationality

B

Two employees in Stacey's department quit, which is normal for her department. She is faced with the decision to fill these positions. This would be considered a nonprogrammed decision. a. True b. False

B

When Kelly chooses to stay at work instead of going to the department team building event, she is engaged in a. problem solving. b. decision making. c. satisficing. d. bounded rationality. e. optimization.

B

When a college student says no to an alcoholic drink, he is engaged in a. problem solving. b. decision making. c. satisficing. d. bounded rationality. e. optimization.

B

When considering decisions, the mind often gives disproportionate weight to the last information it receives. a. True b. False

B

Which of the following statements about programmed decisions is FALSE? a. To make a programmed decision, it must be possible to develop some rule for making the decision. b. The use of programmed decisions should be limited to noncritical situations. c. The decision situation in which programmed decisions should be used needs to be fairly structured. d. In many instances, programmed decisions can be computerized. e. Programmed decisions deal with repetitive situations.

B

Which of the following statements is an advantage of group decision making? a. Groups typically spend a lot of time interacting and discussing. b. Groups often represent diversity of education and experience. c. Leaders can shine in groups. d. Groups tend to desire consensus and cohesiveness. e. Groups typically reach compromise decisions.

B

Which of the following strategies involves rewarding an employee's innovation? a. Cost leadership b. Differentiation c. Focus d. Internal growth e. Liquidation

B

William invested in an initial public offering. After a month he lost 5 percent. After a year he lost 50 percent. After two years he lost 80 percent. William's decision to keep the investment is an example of a. bounded optimization. b. escalation of commitment. c. programmed decision making. d. strategic maximization. e. intuitive rationality.

B

YouTube was operating at a loss when Google bought it. Three years later it was still operating at a lose. Google may have experienced ____. a. intuition b. escalation of commitment c. empathy d. risk propensity e. political forces

B

_____ refers to the use of managerial tools to direct resources toward the achievement of strategic goals. a. Strategy formulation b. Strategy execution c. Strategy control d. Strategy planning e. Strategy coordination

B

In China, you may have an appointment with a client at noon. It is almost customary for you to show up after the appointment time. If you show up at 1 o'clock, or after, they probably will not think twice about your absence. If this same practice were to happen in the United States, you would probably have little chance of doing business because of it. This reflects the Chinese cultures view of ____ time. Select one: a. discussion b. appointment c. message d. schedule e. acquaintance

B----Appointment time is a cultural norm dealing with punctuality.

Which model of decision making is associated with satisficing, bounded rationality, and uncertainty? a. Classical b. Administrative c. Quantitative d. Rational e. Political

B. Administrative

Which of the following strategies involve an attempt to distinguish the firm's products or services from others in the industry? a. Cost leadership b. Differentiation c. Focus d. Internal growth e. Liquidation

B. Differentiation

One major limitation of goals and plans is: a. goals and plans guide resource allocation. b. goals and plans may cause rigidity in a turbulent environment. c. goals and plans decrease employee motivation. d. goals and plans decrease employee commitment. e. none of the above.

B. Goals and plans may cause rigidity in a turbulent environment

A __________ is a blueprint for goal achievement and specifies the resource allocations schedules, tasks, and other actions necessary. a. target b. plan c. mission d. vision e. objective

B. Plan

_____ means that each employee is held accountable to only one supervisor. a. Scalar principle b. Unity of command c. Work specialization d. Division of labor e. Span of management

B. Unity of command

Programmed decisions are made in response to _____ organizational problems. a. unusual b. recurring c. significant d. minor e. unique

B. recurring

Most managers settle for a _____ rather than a _____ solution. a. minimizing; maximizing b. satisficing; maximizing c. top-level; bottomline d. maximizing; satisficing e. challenging; simple

B. satisficing; maximizing

_____ departments include all of those that provide specialized skills in support of _____ departments. a. Line; staff b. Staff; line c. Primary; functional d. Functional; primary e. Line; functional

B. staff; line

When managers know which goals they wish to achieve, but information about alternatives and future events is incomplete, the condition of _____ exists. a. risk b. uncertainty c. ambiguity d. certainty e. problematic

B. uncertainty

Which of the following is Not one of Porter's competitive forces? Bargaining powers of supplies (b) Bargaining powers of customers (c) Bargaining power of stockholders (d) Potential new entrants (e) rivalry among competitors

Bargaining power of stockholders. Which of the following is Not one of Porter's competitive forces? Bargaining powers of supplies (b) Bargaining powers of customers (c) Bargaining power of stockholders (d) Potential new entrants (e) rivalry among competitors

B

Barriers to entry are related to which competitive force? a. Rivalry among competitors b. Potential new entrants c. Threat of substitute products d. Bargaining power of buyers e. Bargaining power of suppliers

Bounded Rationality is assumed in ---- model.

Behavioral

A builder in Miami started constructing homes during the "hot" real estate market, even though he knew there were a lot of speculators in the market. The market went cold, and the builder was stuck selling for very low prices. The builder demonstrated a. bounded optimization. b. escalation of commitment. c. risk propensity. d. strategic maximization. e. intuitive rationality.

C

A long-term time frame is most closely associated with: a. operational plans. b. tactical plans. c. strategic plans. d. mission plans. e. tactical goals.

C

A stock option is a right to buy Select one: a. shares of the companys stock at the stocks current price. b. shares of the companys stock at half the stocks current price. c. shares of the companys stock at a predetermined price at some point in the future. d. bonds issued by the company. e. none of these choices.

C

Alabama Airlines has three planning specialists who help division managers develop their own division plans. Serving as consultants to the divisions, the planning specialists give advice about strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Alabama Airlines is utilizing what approach to the planning function? a. Centralized planning department b. Planning task force c. Decentralized planning staff d. TQM e. Centralized planning committee

C

As a top manager, Joanna works with others within her team every day in making important corporate decisions. Her preferred decision-making approach is to generate as many alternatives to problems as possible in a short amount of time. This approach is referred to as: a. groupthink. b. point-counterpoint. c. brainstorming. d. escalating commitment. e. devil's advocacy.

C

As it relates to selecting the alternative in a decision-making situation, optimization means choosing the a. most feasible alternative. b. most satisfactory alternative. c. alternative that will do the most for the overall organization, even though it does not maximize outcomes for particular parts of the organization. d. alternative with the highest combined level of feasibility, satisfactoriness, and affordability. e. alternative with the most affordable consequences.

C

Diaz Nesamoney is a computer scientist who founded three successful software companies. Entrepreneurs tend to have a high ____ a. bounded optimization. b. escalation of commitment. c. risk propensity. d. strategic maximization. e. intuitive rationality

C

Due to a recent relaxation in pollution standards, Ford Motors is withdrawing its electric-powered cars from sales in the U.S. market. Ford is responding to a change in which of the following macroenvironmental forces? Select one: a. Economic b. Demographic c. Political and legal d. Social e. Strategic

C

Fred has been assigned to conduct a SWOT analysis for his organization, Acme, Inc. As part of this assignment, Fred will: a. develop a mission. b. choose a grand strategy for his firm. c. search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm. d. do a cost/benefit analysis. e. conduct an external wage survey.

C

Genna is collecting data on how well the organization has done since their new strategy was implemented. She is in what stage of the managerial decision making process? a. The generation of alternatives b. Implementation of the chosen alternative c. Evaluation and feedback d. Recognition of the decision requirement e. Selection of desired alternative

C

Imagine that you are a CBS network executive selecting a program. You have three possible formats. One is a game show that is designed like a treasure hunt and staged on a secluded island. One uses a team approach to solving brainteasers and offers a $5 million prize. Another suggested game show pairs teenagers and their parents and has them answer music trivia questions. The prizes include full college tuition, a new house, automobiles for both, and so on. The ____ model can be used to explain why you chose the treasure hunt game without even evaluating the other two. a. classical b. bureaucratic c. administrative d. human relations e. contingency

C

In which of the following decision-making conditions is the decision maker aware of all of the alternatives and able to assign probabilities to the costs and payoffs of each alternative? a. Probability b. Risk c. Certainty d. Rationality e. Uncertainty

C

Joyce wants to decrease turnover. She can change hiring practices, improve benefits, improve wages, or provide an annual bonus. She chooses a year-end bonus because it keeps payroll lower and should quickly affect turnover. This example suggests that Joyce is at which step in the decision-making process? a. Developing a set of rational alternatives b. Evaluating decision effectiveness c. Selecting which alternative to implement d. Recognizing and defining the decision situation e. Evaluating the possible alternatives

C

Karen has limited financing. She has three alternatives and knows the outcomes associated with each of them. She will choose under conditions of a. probability. b. risk. c. certainty. d. rationality. e. uncertainty.

C

Managers are considered to have a(n) _____ style when they prefer to consider complex solutions based on as much data as they can gather. a. classical b. conceptual c. analytical d. behavioral e. directive

C

One advantage of group decision making is a. groupthink. b. compromise. c. diversity of members' backgrounds. d. lowered cost of decision making. e. ability of a strong individual to dominate the group.

C

Shirley works in the human resource department at Turtle Shells, Inc. She believes she is seeing an increase in drinking problems among the workforce. She thinks she needs to investigate further. She is at what stage of the managerial decision making process? a. Diagnosis and analysis of causes b. Development of alternatives c. Recognition of decision requirement d. Evaluation and feedback e. Selection of desired alternatives

C

Strategic leadership is about Select one: a. strategy formulation. b. strategy implementation. c. how to effectively manage a companys strategy and create competitive advantage. d. establishing effective contract processes. e. reducing a companys operating costs.

C

The Priest at Holy Trinity needs to select a youth ministry coordinator. This is an example of decision making a. with bounded rationality. b. under risk. c. under uncertainty. d. with a satisficing result. e. under certainty.

C

Which of the following is not something that managers can do to make sure that ethical issues are considered in business decisions? Select one: a. Hire and promote people who have a strong sense of personal ethics b. Build an organizational culture that places a high value on ethical behavior c. Adopt the Friedman doctrine d. Act with moral courage e. Put decision-making processes in place that require people to consider ethical dimensions of business decisions

C

Which of the following statements about social responsibility is true? Select one: a. Companies are viewed as having social responsibilities in economic, legal, and ethical areas. b. The relative importance of economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary responsibilities is fixed and unchanging over time. c. Economic and legal responsibilities play a larger role in a company's social responsibility than do ethical and discretionary responsibilities. d. Companies will be considered unethical if they do not perform their discretionary responsibilities. e. Economic responsibilities are often referred to as fiscal responsibilities.

C

Which style is used by people who prefer simple, clear-cut solutions to problems? a. Behavioral b. Conceptual c. Directive d. Analytical e. Classical

C

Your assistant comes to you with the feasibility evaluation of a decision alternative. What should he be describing to you? a. How well the alternative will satisfy the conditions of the problem situation b. How the alternative will affect the various parts of the organization c. Whether the alternative is within the realm of probability and practicality for the organization d. The affordability of the consequences e. None of these choices

C

____ occurs when the decision maker is constrained by his or her own values, experiences, skills, and reflexes. He or she also has less than complete knowledge and information. a. Optimization b. Intuitive decision making c. Bounded rationality d. Escalation of commitment e. Satisficing

C

_____ decisions are associated with decision rules. a. Nonprogrammed b. Unique c. Programmed d. Ill-structured e. Novel

C

_____ refers to the use of managerial tools to direct resources toward the achievement of strategic goals. a. Strategy formulation b. Strategy coordination c. Strategy execution d. Strategy control e. Strategy planning

C

Which of the following pertains to the organization as a whole? a. Business-level strategy b. Functional-level strategy c. Corporate-level strategy d. Operational-level strategy e. Competitive-level strategy

C. Corporate-level strategy

The forecasting of human resource needs and the projected matching of individuals with expected job vacancies is referred to as human resource _____. a. development b. organizing c. planning d. selection e. downsizing

C. Planning

Where does the information about opportunities and threats comes from? a. An analysis of the organization's internal environment b. A department by department study of the organization c. Scanning the external environments d. Employee grievances e. Financial ratios of the organization

C. Scanning the external environments

_____ refers to the use of managerial tools to direct resources toward the achievement of strategic goals. a. Strategy formulation b. Strategy coordination c. Strategy execution d. Strategy control e. Strategy planning

C. Strategy execution

The hiring of applicants based on criteria that are not job-related is called: a. affirmative action. b. equal employment opportunity. c. discrimination. d. reverse discrimination. e. employment-at-will.

C. discrimination

The classical model of decision making is based on _____ assumptions. a. philosophical b. irrational c. rational economic d. uncertainty e. technological

C. rational economic

Strategy defines _____ to do (it) while organizing defines _____ to do (it). a. how; what b. how; why c. what; how d. what; why e. when; what

C. what; how

According to the BCG Matrix, which of the following exists in a mature, slow-growth industry, but is a dominant business in the industry, with a large market share?

Cash cow. According to the BCG Matrix, which of the following exists in a mature, slow-growth industry, but is a dominant business in the industry, with a large market share? Cash Cow

Mechanistic organizations

Centralized HoA, many rules, specialized tasks, formal, few teams, narrow & tall

_____ are people who work for an organization, but not on a permanent or full-time basis.

Contingent workers

The last step of the rational decision making process is closely related to which function of management?

Controlling

The last step of the rational decision-making process is most closely related to which function of management?

Controlling

Which of the following is a business activity that an organization does especially well relative to its competition? a. Strategy b. Cash cow c. Synergy d. Core competence e. Multidomestic

Core Competence

Level 3: Basic Assumptions

Core values of the organization

Which of the following pertains to the organization as a whole?

Corporate-level strategy

Darren set goals for each of his employees. Each employee ended up with at least twenty-five goals. This process violates which of the following criteria for effective goals? a. Specific and measurable b. Challenging but realistic c. Covers key result areas d. Defined time period e. Linked to rewards

Covers key result areas

Contingency Planning

Creation of alternative hypothetical but equally likely future conditions

_____ is the generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization.

Creativity

_____ involves activities that managers undertake to try to prevent crises from occurring and to detect warning signs of potential crises.

Crisis prevention

_____ teams consist of employees from various functional departments who are responsible to meet as a team and resolve mutual problems.

Cross-functional

"We respect our employees and value their diversity" is an example of a statement you are most likely to find in the organization's: a. strategic goals. b. tactical goals. c. strategic plans. d. mission. e. tactical plans.

D

. During the fallout of the global financial crisis of the late 2000s, finance companies had to make important decisions in a highly ambiguous environment. The decision to buyout failed banks could best be described as what type of decision? a. Bounded b. Programmed c. Conventional d. Wicked decision problem e. Irrational decision

D

A companys mission Select one: a. lays out the desired future state of the company. b. outlines the manner in which employees and managers should conduct themselves. c. defines the manner in which strategies will be developed and attained. d. describes what the company does. e. answers the question, "What will our business become?"

D

A criticism of stock-based compensation plans is that Select one: a. they discourage empire building. b. they induce managers to focus on the short term. c. managers do not like them. d. they dilute stockholders equity. e. they are publicly reported and therefore not subject to abuse.

D

A(n) ____ decision-making model describes how decisions are made rather than prescribing how they should be made. a. classical b. nominal c. hierarchical d. administrative e. scientific

D

As an industry enters the shakeout stage, Select one: a. rivalry among companies declines. b. demand is still growing at a high rate. c. prices rise. d. excess capacity emerges. e. new entrants come into the market.

D

Bobby, a product manager, wants to increase the market share of his product. He is unsure about how to go about it, not knowing for sure how costs, price, the competition, and the quality of his product will interact to influence market share. Bobby is operating under a condition of: a. risk. b. ambiguity. c. certainty. d. uncertainty. e. brainstorming.

D

Sarah is a middle manager at Stylin' Sneakers Corporation. She is most likely responsible for the achievement of _____ goals. a. strategic b. top-level c. lower-level d. tactical e. operational

D

Circuit City went bankrupt because of a series of poor managerial decisions and a down turn in the economy. In retrospect, it would seem that there was too much emphasis on the group reaching a consensus decision. As a result, many decisions were made to avoid conflict. What disadvantage of group decision making does this represent? a. Coalitions b. Irrationality c. Compromise d. Groupthink e. Dominance

D

Computers scan items when they are purchased. Most inventory decisions are now a. nonprogrammed. b. rational. c. ethical. d. programmed. e. satisficing.

D

Darren set goals for each of his employees. Each employee ended up with at least twenty-five goals. This process violates which of the following criteria for effective goals? a. Challenging but realistic b. Defined time period c. Specific and measurable d. Covers key result areas e. Linked to rewards

D

Decisions by managers of AOL Time Warner to sell off Warner Music Group's DVD and CD manufacturing, printing, packaging, physical distribution, and merchandising business was an example of a ____ decision. a. programmed b. satisficing c. rational d. nonprogrammed e. financial

D

Decisions that are routine and deal with situations in which the factors are familiar and have occurred in the past are called ____ decisions. a. nonprogrammed b. satisficing c. rational d. programmed e. noninnovative

D

Decisions that are unethical may pass one or two decision criteria, but they fail the ____ test. a. feasibility b. satisfactoriness c. affordability d. consequences e. rationality

D

Devils advocacy Select one: a. is simpler than the expert approach. b. is an example of ivory tower planning. c. results in unproductive conflict. d. involves one group member being responsible for questioning the assumptions of a plan. e. results in a final plan that is a combination of a plan and a counterplan.

D

During the fallout of the global financial crisis of the late 2000s, finance companies had to make important decisions in a highly ambiguous environment. The decision to buyout failed banks could best be described as what type of decision? a. Conventional b. Bounded c. Irrational decision d. Wicked decision problem e. Programmed

D

Finance managers at Big Bend Inc. made a financial blunder when they solely looked at the previous year's sales to estimate sales for the coming year. Of which management bias is this an example? a. Perpetuating the status quo b. Justifying past actions c. Seeing what you want to see d. Being influenced by initial impressions e. Being influenced by emotions

D

Focusing manager and employee efforts on activities that will lead to goal attainment is a benefit of what management method? a. Tactical planning b. Contingency planning c. Single-use planning d. Management by objectives e. Management by walking around

D

Ford announced that it planned to cut 10 percent of salaried work. The plan involved retirements, reorganization, and eliminations. Which of the following behavioral aspects is most likely to be involved in this decision? a. Intuition b. Escalation of commitment c. Political forces d. Ethics e. Risk propensity

D

Hailey finds that her company is over billing the government for services. She tells her boss, who says he will take care of it, but he does nothing. Hailey tells her government contact. What model of decision making does Hailey's behavior represent? a. Classical b. Nominal c. Hierarchical d. Administrative e. Scientific

D

If economies of scale are an industrys primary entry barrier, a new entrants major risk is Select one: a. its inability to access labor and materials. b. the inferior quality of its products. c. its inability to match the innovation of the established firm. d. its inability to produce in sufficient volume to match the cost advantages of established producers. e. its inability to get buyers to switch to its product.

D

In which stage of the decision-making/problem- solving process is resistance to change most likely to be a problem? a. Developing a set of rational alternatives b. Evaluating the possible alternatives c. Deciding which alternative to implement d. Implementing the chosen alternative e. Recognizing and defining the decision situation

D

Jeff is a top manager at a textile factory. He is developing a crisis plan in the event that the company has a toxic spill or accident. Which of the following should Jeff undertake to prepare for such a crisis? a. Building relationships with neighboring businesses b. Detecting signals from the natural environment c. Polling employees on the likelihood of an environmental disaster d. Designating a crisis management team in the event of an environmental disaster e. Dismantling the company's ties to the external media

D

Managers are considered to have a(n) _____ style when they prefer to consider complex solutions based on as much data as they can gather. a. behavioral b. conceptual c. directive d. analytical e. classical

D

Maximizing shareholder value is Select one: a. a byproduct of a companys cost reduction programs. b. not generally a viable goal for a company. c. not the responsibility of a companys managers. d. the ultimate goal of profit-making companies. e. not required to attract risk capital.

D

Of the strategic management functions, which is considered the most fundamental? a. Executing b. Analyzing c. Controlling d. Planning e. Leading

D

Profit growth is best measured Select one: a. by the increase in share price. b. by the return on investment. c. by the increase in net sales. d. over time. e. by increases in liquidity.

D

Riley is a manager at the Tinker Tools. She is expected to make decisions that are in the organization's best economic interests. Her decisions should be based on which of the following models? a. The administrative model of decision making b. The garbage can model of decision making c. The scientific management model of decision making d. The classical model of decision making e. The humanistic model of decision making

D

Rivalry refers to Select one: a. competition. b. the intensity of competition among established companies within an industry. c. a struggle among firms using price, product design, and advertising. d. all of these. e. none of these.

D

Strategy formulation refers to the Select one: a. task of designing organizational structures and control systems. b. process by which strategies are put into action. c. top-down planning process that gives rise to the implementation of emergent strategies. d. task of analyzing an organizations external and internal environment and then selecting an appropriate strategy. e. process of choosing a realized strategy.

D

The U.S. government has never faltered on its debt payments. Investing in treasury bills is an example of a. decision making under risk. b. satisficing. c. bounded rationality. d. decision making under certainty. e. decision making under uncertainty.

D

The best alternative is the most ____ alternative. a. efficient b. controllable c. profitable d. effective e. valid

D

The first step in using the Delphi procedure is to a. recognize the problem. b. collect potential alternatives. c. agree that the decision will not be optimized. d. obtain the cooperation of a panel of experts. e. create staff positions for group members.

D

The rational model of decision making assumes all of the following EXCEPT a. the decision maker is logical. b. the decision maker always has the best interests of the organization at heart. c. the decision maker has a list of alternatives both standard and creative from which to choose. d. the decision maker will select the least expensive acceptable alternative. e. the decision maker will try to eliminate as much uncertainty as possible.

D

When the manager knows what the alternatives are and the probabilities associated with each alternative are guaranteed, the manager is experiencing a. decision making under risk. b. satisficing. c. bounded rationality. d. decision making under certainty. e. decision making under uncertainty.

D

When top executives work with managers in major divisions or departments to develop their own goals and plans, it is known as _____ planning. a. interdepartmental b. crisis c. focus d. decentralized e. competitive

D

Where does the information about opportunities and threats comes from? a. Financial ratios of the organization b. A department by department study of the organization c. An analysis of the organization's internal environment d. Scanning the external environments e. Employee grievances

D

Which of the following disadvantages of group decisions typically results from the group being very cohesive? a. Coalitions b. Irrationality c. Compromise d. Groupthink e. Dominance

D

Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of MBO? a. Performance can be improved at all company levels. b. Employees are motivated. c. Efforts are focused on activities that will lead to goal attainment. d. Operational goals are able to displace strategic goals. e. Individual and department goals are aligned with company goals.

D

Which of the following is currently an embryonic industry? Select one: a. Personal computers b. Biotechnology c. Internet retailing d. Nanotechnology e. Wireless communications

D

Which of the following is not a barrier to entry? Select one: a. Economies of scale b. Brand loyalty c. Absolute cost advantages d. High customer bargaining power e. High customer switching costs

D

Which of the following statements about the classical model of decision making is FALSE? a. All alternatives are known. b. Certainty or the ability to create certainty exists. c. Rational behavior on the part of decision makers is a given. d. Decision makers will be affected by personal preferences. e. All aspects of the decision situation will be evaluated.

D

Which of these is true about the cash cow? a. It generates tremendous profits in a rapidly growing industry. b. It has a small market share in a rapidly growing industry. c. It has a small market share in a slow growth industry. d. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry. e. It is generally a dead business that should be divested.

D

Within a diversified company, the responsibilities of corporate-level strategic managers include Select one: a. translating the corporate mission statement into concrete strategies for individual business units. b. closely supervising the formulation of strategies at the functional level that support the companys business- and corporate-level strategies. c. allocating resources to functions within business units. d. overseeing the development of strategies for the total organization and allocating resources among its different business areas. e. identifying and establishing relationships with supplier firms.

D

Zaheer is a nurse. When his alarm goes off at 6:00 a.m. each morning. He puts on his uniform and drives to work on the same route each day. This is an example of a(n) ____ decision. a. nonprogrammed b. rational c. ethical d. programmed e. satisficing

D

____ may explain why publishers are more likely to publish a children's book by a recognizable celebrity like Katie Couric than to consider a beautifully illustrated and written book by an unknown author. a. A need to optimize b. A need to control the market c. Synergy d. Bounded rationality e. Equifinality

D

At the top of the goal hierarchy is: a. strategic goals. b. tactical goals. c. operational goals. d. a mission. e. employee goals.

D. A mission

Focusing manager and employee efforts on activities that will lead to goal attainment is a benefit of what management method? a. Tactical planning b. Contingency planning c. Single-use planning d. Management by objectives e. Management by walking around

D. Management by objective

A statement that identifies distinguishing characteristics of an organization is known as a(n): a. goals statement. b. values statement. c. income statement. d. mission statement. e. competitive-edge statement.

D. Mission statement

_____ is a listing of job duties and desirable qualifications for a particular job. a. A job analysis b. A job listing c. A job requirement d. A job description e. A realistic job previews

D. a job description

In the new workplace, _____ are people who work for an organization, but not on a permanent or full-time basis. a. upper-level employees b. direct-related workers c. temporary employees d. contingent workers e. low-level employees

D. contingent workers

Alabama Airlines has three planning specialists who help division managers develop their own division plans. Serving as consultants to the divisions, the planning specialists give advice about strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Alabama Airlines is utilizing what approach to the planning function? a. Centralized planning department b. Decentralized planning staff c. Planning task force d. Centralized planning committee e. TQM

Decentralized planning staff

Which of the following statements about the classical model of decision making is FALSE? A. All alternatives are known B. All aspects of the decision situation will be evaluated C. Certainty or the ability to create certainty exists D. Rational Behavior on the part of decision makers is a given E. Decision Makers will be affected by personal preferences

Decision Makers will be affected by personal preferences

When Mildred chooses to focus on a work task instead of listening to a colleague she is engaged in______? A. Problem Solving B. Certainty Evaluation C. Decision making D. Programmed decision making E. Risk Assessment

Decision Making

When a student chooses to study instead of going out, he is engaged in _____? A. Problem Solving B. Certainty Evaluation C. Decision making D. Programmed decision making E. Risk Assessment

Decision Making

_____ is the act of choosing one alternative from many. A. Problem Solving B. Certainty Evaluation C. Decision making D. Programmed decision making E. Risk Assessment

Decision Making

Which of the following statements BEST describes bounded rationality?

Decision makers are limited by having incomplete information as well as by their values, unconscious reflexes, skills, and habits

Which of the following statements about the classical model of decision making is FALSE?

Decision makers will be affected by personal preferences

When Kelly chooses to stay at work instead of going to the department team building event, she is engaged in

Decision making

When a college student says no to an alcoholic drink, he is engaged in

Decision making

____ is the act of choosing one alternative from many

Decision making

Baldur chose to cut cable service to his home to save money. He knew he could still get local overtheair service for free and veiw some entertainment on the web. he knew each cost and his viewing options. he was exampling what?

Decision making under certainty

The US government has never faltered on its debt payments, although it came close in August 2011. Investing in treasury bills is an example of...?

Decision making under certainty

When the manager knows what the alternatives are and the probabilities associated with each alternative are guaranteed, the manager is experiencing....

Decision making under certainty.

When the manager understands the available options but the probabilities associated with each option are uncertain, the manager is experiencing...

Decision making under risk

_____ is the process managers use to transfer authority and responsibility to positions below them in the hierarchy.

Delegation

Groups that are used to develop a consensus of expert opinion without the members of the group ever meeting face to face are called ____ groups.

Delphi

Groups that are used to develop a consensus of expert opinion without the members of the group ever meeting face to face are called _____groups.

Delphi

The CIO at Canon is considering an information system upgrade. He goes to each of the division heads to discuss their information needs and system capabilities. The CIO narrows the options, and contacts the executives again, reaching agreement before purchasing a system. Which group decision-making technique does this represent?

Delphi

Which of the following is NOT an example of an interacting group?

Delphi

Which of the following is NOT an example of an interacting group?

Delphi group

Jeff is a top manager at a textile factory. He is developing a crisis plan in the event that the company has a toxic spill or accident. Which of the following should Jeff undertake to prepare for such a crisis? a. Building relationships with neighboring businesses b. Detecting signals from the natural environment c. Polling employees on the likelihood of an environmental disaster d. Designating a crisis management team in the event of an environmental disaster e. Dismantling the company's ties to the external media

Designating a crisis management team in the event of an environmental disaster

They Key to making effective decisions under conditions of risk is to A. Determine the probabilities associated with each alternative as accurately as possible. B. identify the alternatives with completely predictable outcomes. C. Develop a rational system for ordering your choices in a hierarchy of importance.

Determine the probabilities associated with each alternative as accurately as possible

Which of the following strategies involve an attempt to distinguish the firm's products or services from others in the industry

Differentiation

Which of the following strategies involve an attempt to distinguish the firm's products or services from others in the industry?

Differentiation

Which of the following strategies involve an attempt to distinguish the firm's products or services from others in the industry? . Focus b. Cost leadership c. Internal growth-wrong d. Differentiation e. Liquidation

Differentiation

Which strategy can be profitable for an organization when customers are loyal and willing to pay high prices?

Differentiation. Which strategy can be profitable for an organization when customers are loyal and willing to pay high prices? Differentiation

Briefly discuss Porter's three competitive strategies.

Differentiation: , Cost leadership: , Focus:

_____ is the hiring or promoting of applicants based on criteria that are not job relevant.

Discrimination

Operational planning

Done by first-line managers for the next one to fifty-two weeks. Goals. Action plans.

Tactical Planning

Done by middle managers for the next six to twenty-four months. Goals. Action plans.

Strategic planning

Done by top managers for the next one to five years. Goals. Action plans

B

Double Click, Inc. has a number of strategic business units. Their hand-held computer unit has a large market share in this rapidly growing industry. Their hand-held computer business would be classified as a. a dog. b. a star. c. a question mark. d. a cash cow. e. stuck in the middle.

From top to bottom

Downward

A Delphi group is not used daily because it has disadvantages. Which of the following is NOT its disadvantage? a. Time b. Expense c. Logistics d. Process e. Expert cooperation

E

A companys stakeholders include which of the following? Select one: a. Stockholders b. Creditors c. Employees d. Customers e. All of these

E

All of the following are cognitive biases that can affect manager's judgment, except: a. perpetuating the status quo. b. overconfidence. c. being influenced by initial impressions. d. justifying past decisions. e. seeing what you don't want to see.

E

As a barrier to new entry, absolute cost advantages can be based on Select one: a. continuous advertising of brand and company names. b. high product quality, service-oriented innovations, and good after-sales service. c. cost reductions that arise from the mass production of standardized output. d. the unique ability of established companies to spread fixed costs over a large volume. e. control over low-cost inputs required for production, be they labor, materials, equipment, or management skills.

E

As a top manager, Joanna works with others within her team every day in making important corporate decisions. Her preferred decision-making approach is to generate as many alternatives to problems as possible in a short amount of time. This approach is referred to as: a. groupthink. b. devil's advocacy. c. point-counterpoint. d. escalating commitment. e. brainstorming.

E

Before the space shuttle Columbia launched, its crew knew there was great risk in venturing into space and returning. The crew even talked about their desire for the shuttle program to continue should something happen to them. This is an example of a. decision making under certainty. b. decision making under absolute certainty. c. decision making under risk. d. decision making under unrealistic conditions. e. decision making under uncertainty.

E

Bobby, a product manager, wants to increase the market share of his product. He is unsure about how to go about it, not knowing for sure how costs, price, the competition, and the quality of his product will interact to influence market share. Bobby is operating under a condition of: a. certainty. b. ambiguity. c. risk. d. brainstorming. e. uncertainty.

E

Charlie feels each of the alternatives is basically the same. He decides based on his gut feeling. Which of the behavioral factors that influence decision making does Charlie's behavior reflect? a. The optimization principle b. The iceberg principle c. Synergy d. Empathy e. Intuition

E

Common exit barriers include Select one: a. investments in specific assets. b. emotional attachments to an industry. c. high fixed costs associated with leaving the industry. d. bankruptcy regulations. e. all of these.

E

Decision making is a part of which management function? a. Planning b. Organizing c. Controlling d. Leading e. All of these choices

E

Finance managers at Big Bend Inc. made a financial blunder when they solely looked at the previous year's sales to estimate sales for the coming year. Of which management bias is this an example? a. Being influenced by emotions b. Perpetuating the status quo c. Seeing what you want to see d. Justifying past actions e. Being influenced by initial impressions

E

Herbert Simon noted that managers generally fail to make rational decisions because they are limited by their own values, skills, habits, and unconscious reflexes as well as by incomplete information. What name did Simon give this phenomenon? a. Decision framing b. Satisficing c. Escalation of commitment d. Innovation e. Bounded rationality

E

Riley is a manager at the Tinker Tools. She is expected to make decisions that are in the organization's best economic interests. Her decisions should be based on which of the following models? a. The administrative model of decision making b. The humanistic model of decision making c. The scientific management model of decision making d. The garbage can model of decision making e. The classical model of decision making

E

Sy.Med Development, Inc. is the only company that has credentialing application software for physicians and managed care organizations. Credentialing applications must be submitted to each insurance provider annually and can be a very labor-intensive process. Sy.Med is the only company that has developed such software, and it provides complete support for the software. A physician's office in Montana that wants to buy or use the software would be making the purchase decision a. with bounded rationality. b. under risk. c. under uncertainty. d. with a satisficing result. e. under certainty.

E

The _____ model closely resembles the real environment in which most managers and decision-makers operate. a. normative b. administrative c. descriptive d. classical e. political

E

The decision that the manager makes using the behavioral model of decision making a. is made with imperfect information. b. has an incomplete set of alternatives. c. uses bounded rationality. d. requires the manager to engage in satisficing. e. All of these choices

E

The last step of the rational decision-making process is most closely related to which function of management? a. Planning b. Organizing c. Staffing d. Leading e. Controlling

E

The plan of action that prescribes resource allocation and other activities for dealing with the environment and helping the organization attain its goals is known as a(n): a. goal. b. objective. c. mission. d. vision. e. strategy.

E

The primary goal of a SWOT analysis is to Select one: a. benchmark a companys performance. b. force managers to think creatively rather than analytically. c. forecast future events. d. develop short-run goals. e. create, affirm, or fine-tune a company-specific business model.

E

The tendency of organizations to invest time and money in a solution despite strong evidence that is not appropriate is referred to as: a. technological decisions. b. collective intuition. c. decision learning. d. team delay. e. escalating commitment.

E

Under which decision-making condition is the decision maker unaware of all the alternatives and the risks and consequences associated with each alternative? a. Probability b. Risk c. Certainty d. Rationality e. Uncertainty

E

When Eric selected Janine for the marketing position, he had a feeling she would fit into the culture of the department. Eric used ____ to fill the position. a. the optimization principle b. the iceberg principle c. synergy d. empathy e. intuition

E

When managers base decisions on what has worked in the past and fail to explore new options, they are: a. being influenced by emotions. b. being overconfident. c. justifying past actions. d. seeing what they want to see. e. perpetuating the status quo.

E

When managers pay bribes to gain access to lucrative business contracts, they are engaging in Select one: a. opportunistic exploitation. b. utilitarian ethics. c. self-dealing. d. information manipulation. e. corruption.

E

Which of the following is NOT a behavioral force that influences decision making? a. Intuition b. Coalitions c. Risk propensity d. Ethics e. Optimization

E

Which of the following is a commonly-cited limitation of planning? a. Plans limit employee motivation and commitment. b. Plans make resource allocation more difficult. c. Plans make it more difficult to measure standards of performance. d. Plans boost intuition and creativity. e. Plans can create a false sense of security

E

Which of the following statements does NOT describe a characteristic of the nominal group technique? a. Members are not free to talk to one another. b. Members individually write down their suggested alternatives. c. Alternatives are listed on a flip chart. d. The alternative with the most votes is the solution. e. Members verbally vote for their first choice.

E

____ is the selection of the first minimally acceptable alternative. a. Optimization b. Intuitive decision making c. Bounded rationality d. Escalation of commitment e. Satisficing

E

_____ decisions are associated with decision rules. a. Nonprogrammed b. Ill-structured c. Unique d. Novel e. Programmed

E

Briefly define the characteristics of an effective goal.

Effective goals are precisely defined and allow for measurable performance. They focus on the key result areas that contribute most to desired performance. They should be challenging but not unreasonably difficult. Finally, they should specify the time period that they cover and they should be tied to valued rewards.

A

Employees and customers are treated like a family at Bayou Seafood Café. Paul and Betsey, the owners, work to encourage unity to increase their employees' job satisfaction and commitment. At their café, Paul and Betsey have built a(n) A) clan culture. B) goal-driven agenda. C) bureaucracy culture. D) market culture. E) adhocracy culture.

Face-to-face

Employees value authentic human time with the boss

T/F One of the biggest benefits of planning is that, in turbulent environments, plans create greater organizational flexibility.

FALSE

T/F Operational plans and goals are those that focus on the outcomes that major divisions and departments must achieve in order for the organization to reach its overall goals.

FALSE

T/F The BCG (Boston Consulting Group) matrix evaluates SBUs with respect to their business growth rate and geographical location.

FALSE

Its important to follow up and evaluate the effectiveness of a decision to...

Ensure that the decision achieves the desired result

Strategic Management Process step 1

Establish the mission/vision/values statement

Ford announced that it planned to cut 10 percent of salaried work. The plan involved retirements, reorganization, and eliminations. Which of the following behavioral aspects is most likely to be involved in this decision?

Ethics

Ford announced that it planned to cut 10 percent of salaried work. The plan involved retirements, reorganization, and eliminations. Which of the following behavioral aspects is most likely to be involved in this decision? a.Political Forces b.Escalation of commitment c.Intuitions d.Risk Propensity e.Ethics

Ethics

____ is the belief that groups and subcultures are inherently equal.

Ethnorelativism

Which of the following lists the strategic management process in proper order?

Evaluate current mission/goals; Perform SWOT analysis; Define new mission/goals; Formulate strategy; Execute strategy.

Imagine that you are an ABC network executive. Your task is to find a successful game show. You have three possible formats. One is a game show that is designed like a treasure hunt and staged on a secluded island. One uses a team approach to solving brainteasers and offers a $5 million prize. Another suggested game show pairs teenagers and their parents and has them answer music trivia questions. The prizes include full college tuition, a new house, automobiles for both, and so on. In which step of the rational decision-making process are you?

Evaluating alternatives

_____ decision making involves a commitment to making more informed and intelligent decisions based on the best available facts and evidence.

Evidence-based

Which of the two of the five power bases as discussed in class are the strongest?

Expert Referent

A Delphi Group is not used daily cause it has disadvantages. Which of the following is NOT its disadvantage? A. Logistics B. Expert Cooperation C. Time D. Expense E. Process

Expert Cooperation

A Delphi group is not used daily because it has disadvantages. Which of the following is NOT its disadvantage?

Expert cooperation

Grand Strategy

Explains how the organization's mission is to be accomplished

Level 2: Espoused Values

Explicitly Stated Values and Norms

Which of the following strategies would be appropriate when the need for both national responsiveness and global integration is low? a. Globalization b. Transnational c. Export d. Multidomestic e. Import

Export

Mission statement

Expresses the purpose of the organization

Market Culture

External environment, values stability and control, driven by competition and a strong desire to deliver results

Adhocracy Culture

External focus, values flexibility, adaptable, creative, and quick to respond to changes in the marketplace

T/F A broad definition of the organization's values, aspiration and reason for being, along with a recognition of the scope and operations that distinguishes the organization refers to a business plan.

FALSE

T/F Competitive advantage refers to the set of decisions and actions used to formulate and implement strategies.

FALSE

T/F Cost leadership is a type of competitive strategy with which the organization seeks to distinguish its products or services from that of competitors.

FALSE

T/F Defining operational goals and plans occurs in the execution phase of the organizational planning process.

FALSE

T/F Executives acquire information about external opportunities and strengths from a variety of reports, including budgets, financial ratios, profit and loss statements, and surveys of employee attitudes and satisfaction.

FALSE

T/F Front-line managers have the final responsibility for strategic planning.

FALSE

T/F Goals should be easy for employees to feel motivated so that they can achieve them easily, which in turn increases their motivation level

FALSE

d

FLY Industries is a global conglomerate company headquartered in the United States that does business in over fifty countries. The company seeks to balance global efficiencies and local responsiveness by hiring locally as well as from home. It can best be described as using which global corporate strategy? a. Globalization strategy b. Multidomestic strategy c. Export strategy d. Transnational strategy e. Domestic strategy

. A broad definition of the organization's values, aspiration and reason for being, along with a recognition of the scope and operations that distinguishes the organization refers to a business plan. (TF)

False

. Executives acquire information about external opportunities and strengths from a variety of reports, including budgets, financial ratios, profit and loss statements, and surveys of employee attitudes and satisfaction. (TF)

False

. The BCG (Boston Consulting Group) matrix evaluates SBUs with respect to their business growth rate and geographical location. (TF)

False

A broad definition of the organization's values, aspiration and reason for being, along with a recognition of the scope and operations that distinguishes the organization refers to a business plan.

False

A broad definition of the organization's values, aspirations and reason for being, along with a recognition of the scope and operations that distinguishes the organization, refers to a business plan.

False

Affirmative action requires that an employer take positive steps to guarantee promotion from within.

False

Aspects of both functional and divisional structures simultaneously in the same part of the organization are combined in the virtual network approach.

False

BCG (Boston Consulting Group) Matrix evaluates SBUs with respect to their business growth rate and geographical location.

False

Certainty in the environment is usually associated with decentralization.

False

Collaboration refers to the managerial task of adjusting and synchronizing the diverse activities among different individuals and departments.

False

Competitive advantage refers to the set of decisions and actions used to formulate and implement strategies.

False

Competitive advantage refers to the set of decisions and actions used to formulate and implement strategies. (TF)

False

Confrontation, authoritarianism, and disciplined exploration are characteristics of the creative individuals.

False

Cost leadership is a type of competitive strategy with which the organization seeks to distinguish its products or services from that of competitors.

False

Cost leadership is a type of competitive strategy with which the organization seeks to distinguish its products or services from that of competitors. (TF)

False

Defining operational goals and plans occurs in the execution phase of the organizational planning process.

False

Defining operational goals and plans occurs in the execution phase of the organizational planning process. (T/F)

False

Executives acquire information about external opportunities and strengths from a variety of reports, including budgets, financial ratios, profit and loss statements, and surveys of employee attitudes and satisfaction.

False

Exit interviews are valuable HR tools only if the departing employee leaves voluntarily.

False

Front-line managers have the final responsibility for strategic planning.

False

Front-line managers have the final responsibility for strategic planning. (TF)

False

Goals should be easy for employees to feel motivated so that they can achieve the easily, which in turn increases their motivation level

False

Goals should be easy for employees to feel motivated so that they can achieve them easily, which in turn increases their motivation level.

False

Goals should be easy for employees to feel motivated so that they can achieve them easily, which in turn increases their motivation level. (TF)

False

Homogeneous top management teams tend to be broadminded in their perspectives.

False

b

Gillette operates numerous strategic business units. Most of its units in the personal care division have low market share but high business growth. These units are classified as _____. a. dogs b. question marks c. stars d. cash cows e.none of these

B

Gillette operates numerous strategic business units. Most of its units in the personal care division have low market share but high business growth. These units are classified as _____. a. dogs b. question marks c. stars d. cash cows e. none of these

D

Greg was thinking about how he just did on his Economics test when his Management professor talked about tomorrow's Management quiz. This is an example of a(n) _____ barrier. encoding decoding medium receiver

Which of the following statements is an advantage of group decision making?

Groups often represent diversity of education and experience

Caving into peer pressure is a disadvantage of ____.

Groupthink

Circuit City went bankrupt because of a series of poor managerial decisions and a down turn in the economy. In retrospect, it would seem that there was too much emphasis on the group reaching a consensus decision. As a result, many decisions were made to avoid conflict. What disadvantage of group decision making does this represent?

Groupthink

Which of the following disadvantages of group decisions typically results from the group being very cohesive?

Groupthink

Stars

Have high growth and high market share - keepers

Dogs

Have low growth, low market share - should be gotten rid of

Cash Cows

Have slow growth but high market share - income finances stars and question marks

_____ refers to the economic value of the knowledge, experience, skills, and capabilities of employees.

Human capital

d

If ABC International has standardized its product line throughout the world it is pursuing a: a. multidomestic strategy. b. retrenchment strategy. c. diversity strategy. d. globalization strategy. e. liquidation strategy.

Strategic Management Process step 4

Implement the strategy

Oprah Winfrey and Regis Philbin retired from talk shows at the same time. TV executives saw an opportunity to fill the void. The show Anderson launched before Regis left. The executive were in what step of the rational decision making process?

Implementing an alternative

In which stage is resistance to change most likeyl to be a problem?

Implementing the chosen alternative

In which stage of the decision-making/problem-solving process is resistance to change most likely to be a problem?

Implementing the chosen alternative

D

In the Mary Kay Cosmetics Co., the best salespeople receive pink Cadillacs in special awards ceremonies. This is an example of a symbol. a value. a rite or ritual. both a symbol and a rite.

Four reasons for why entrepreneurs fail

Incompetence Neglect Weak controls Money

Strategic goal

Increase revenue from new customers by 10% over the next 12 months

Develop outside the formal structure and do not follow the chain of command

Informal communication channels

Growth Strategy

Involves expansion, as in sales revenues, market share, number of employees, or number of customers

Stability

Involves little or no significant change

Defensive

Involves reduction in the organization's efforts

Which of these is true about the cash cow? a. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry. b. It is generally a dead business that should be divested. c. It generates tremendous profits in a rapidly growing industry. d. It has a small market share in a rapidly growing industry. e. It has a small market share in a slow growth industry.

It has a large market share in a slow growth industry. Which of these is true about the cash cow?

Which of these is true about the dog division?

It has a small share of a slow growth market.

D

Jacob was recently looking at his company's organization chart in an attempt to discover who reports to whom. Jacob is studying his organization's a. degree of formalization. b. amount of differentiation. c. degree of centralization. d. chain of command. e. division of labor.

D

Jeremy shares information with his fellow task-force members about their project. Jeremy is communicating a) externally. b) downward. c) upward. d) horizontally.

B

John owns a piano sales and tuning store. He wants to be the biggest retailer in the Midlands. Adding salespeople would be part of his strategic location. execution. efficacy. efficiency.

D

Kara's department is made up of people with similar skills and work activities. Her organization uses the ____ approach to departmentalization. a. team-based b. horizontal matrix c. divisional d. vertical functional e. process

Cost-focus Strategy

Keep the costs of a product below those of competitors and to target a narrow market

Cost-leadership strategy

Keep the costs, and hence prices, of a product or service below those of competitors and target a wide market

D

Kent works at the Tick Tock, Inc. He has two bosses, one a functional manager and the other a divisional manager. Tick Tock, Inc. has a a. functional structure. b. divisional structure. c. geographic structure. d. matrix structure. e. product structure.

_____ assess what is important to the organization and how well the organization is progressing toward attaining its strategic goal.

Key performance indicators

Persuasion, motivation, and changes in cultures and values are examples of which of the dimensions used to implement strategy?

Leadership

Which strategy can be profitable for an organization when customers are loyal and willing to pay high prices? a. Liquidation b. Focus c. Differentiation d. Globalization e. Overall cost leadership

Liquidation

B

Of the following, which medium is the least rich? A) conference telephone call B) flier on a bulletin board C) handwritten note D) e-mail E) instant messaging on the Internet

Strategic Management Process step 5

Maintain strategic control

Focusing manager and employee efforts on activities that will lead to goal attainment is a benefit of what management method? a. Tactical planning b. Contingency planning c. Single-use planning d. Management by objectives e. Management by walking around

Management by objectives

_____ is a method whereby managers and employees define goals for every department, project, and person and use them to monitor subsequent performance.

Management by objectives

Management by objectives (MBO)

Managers and employees jointly set objectives for the employee

MBO

Managers and employees periodically review the employee's performance

MBO

Managers develop action plans

MBO

Managers make a performance appraisal and reward the employee according to results

Competitive Intelligence

Means gaining information about one's competitors' activities so that you can anticipate their moves and react appropriately

D

Melissa wants her employee, Ralph, to turn in his monthly sales report by the 5th of every month. This meets the ____________ requirement of SMART goals. specific measurable attainable target dates

What is not a characteristic of the nominal group technique?

Members verbally vote for their first choice

Which of the following statements does NOT describe a characteristic of the nominal group technique?

Members verbally vote for their first choice

Encoding barrier

Message is not expressed correctly

A

Mingles, Inc. concentrates its efforts on its target market of 18 to 25 year olds. It is using a(n) ____ strategy. a. focus b. differentiation c. overall cost leadership d. multidomestic e. universal strategy

a

Mingles, Inc. concentrates its efforts on its target market of 18 to 25 year olds. It is using a(n) _____ strategy.` a. focus b. differentiation c. cost leadership d. multidomestic e. universal strategy

_____ refers to the modification of product design and advertising strategies to suit the specific needs of individual countries.

Multidomestic strategy

Sender barrier

No message gets sent

Receiver barrier

No message is received

Cargill recalled 185,000 pounds of ground turkey due to salmonella contamination. It made a _____ decision. A. nonprogrammed B. programmed C. rational D. satisfying E. noninnovative

Nonprogrammed

_____ decisions are made in response to situations that are unique, are poorly defined and largely unstructured, and have important consequences for the organization.

Nonprogrammed

Four stages of group development

Norming Storming Performing Forming

The first step in using the Delphi procedure is to a.obtain the cooperation of a panel of experts. b.collect potential alternatives. c.agree that the decision will not be optimized. d.recognize the problem. e.create staff positions for group members.

Obtain the cooperation of a panel of experts

_____ means extending the search for and commercializing new ideas beyond the boundaries of the organization and even beyond the boundaries of the industry.

Open innovation

Which of the following is NOT ​one of the benefits of MBO? a. Performance can be improved at all company levels. b. Employees are motivated. c. Efforts are focused on activities that will lead to goal attainment. d. Operational goals are able to displace strategic goals. e. Individual and department goals are aligned with company goals.

Operational goals are able to displace strategic goals.

_____ exists when managers see potential of enhancing performance beyond current levels.

Opportunity

_____ implies that women's commitment to their children limits their commitment to the company or their ability to handle the rigors of corporate management.

Opt-out trend

Which of the following is NOT a behavioral force that influences decision making?

Optimization

Which of the following is NOT a behavioral force that influences decision making? A. Coalitions B. Classical C. Optimization D. Ethics E. Risk propensity

Optimization

External

Outside the organization

Four techniques organizations use to overcome employee resistance to change

Participation Facilitation Education Force-field

_____ is incentive pay that ties at least part of compensation to employee effort and performance.

Pay-for-performance

d

People need to understand how their individual actions can contribute to achieving an organizational strategy. This can be accomplished by delegating authority, creating teams, and defining roles. These actions are part of which tool for putting strategy into action? a. Visible leadership b. Candid communication c. Human resources d. Clear roles and accountability e. Bargaining power of employees

a

Persuasion, motivation, and changes in cultures and values are examples of which of the dimensions used to implement strategy? a. Leadership b Structural design c. Human resources d. Information and control systems e. Compensation

E

Phillip, owner of Technology Sales, said, "We have to focus on our customers and how can we beat the competition, so we have to be flexible." He encourages his R&D department to develop innovative products and focuses on being quick to respond to market changes. Technology Sales has a(n) A) goal-driven agenda. B) focused approach. C) clan culture. D) market culture. E) adhocracy culture.

Which of the following is a commonly-cited limitation of planning? a. Plans limit employee motivation and commitment. b. Plans make resource allocation more difficult. c. Plans make it more difficult to measure standards of performance. d. Plans boost intuition and creativity. e. Plans can create a false sense of security.

Plans can create a false sense of security.

_____ means that an organization accommodates several subcultures, including employees who would otherwise feel isolated and ignored.

Pluralism

Briefly discuss Porter's three competitive strategies

Porter identified three competitive strategies: differentiation, cost leadership, and focus. A differentiation strategy involves the organization attempting to distinguish its product or service from those of its competition. Advertising, product features, and customer service are some of the ways an organization can successfully differentiate. A cost leadership strategy is based on the organization achieving a low-cost position relative to the competition. A company may achieve a cost leadership through the operation of efficient facilities, cutting costs, or maintaining tight cost control. When a company uses a differentiation or a cost leadership strategy in a particular market or buyer group, they are employing a focus strategy. This strategy allows the organization to concentrate on a narrow market niche.

Lotus Blossum

Problem with 8 solutions. Each solution then gets 8 more solutions

Airlines increased prices for last minute tickets usually purchased by corporate travelers. This was the 10th increase in one year. this is an example of ____ decisions. A. nonprogrammed B. programmed C. rational D. satisfying E. noninnovative

Programmed

a

The star has a:1 a. large market share in a rapidly growing industry. b. large market share in a slow growth industry. c. small market share in a rapidly growing industry. d. small share of a slow growth market. e. moderate market share in a slow growth industry.

Which of the following correctly represents the time order of the steps in the comprehensive model to change that is presented in your text? a. Recognizing the need, setting goals, diagnosing causes, selecting a change technique, implementing the change, and evaluating the results b. Setting goals, meeting with employees, evaluating the environment, monitoring competitors' response, and implementing the change c. Diagnosing causes, setting goals, selecting a change technique, overcoming resistance to change, finding compromise solutions, and evaluating the results d. Recognizing the need, selecting a change technique, choosing a change leader, implementing the change, and publishing the results e. None of these.

Recognizing the need, setting goals, diagnosing causes, selecting a change technique, implementing the change, and evaluating the results

_____ is the radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in cost, quality, service, and speed.

Reengineering

Semway, a regional bank, recently announced that it would soon begin offering financial planning services. This is an example of which of these?

Related diversification

_____ forces are the various barriers to change, such as a lack of resources, resistance from middle managers, or inadequate employee skills.

Restraining

_____ is the willingness to undertake risk with the opportunity of gaining an increased payoff.

Risk propensity

Question Marks

Risky new ventures - some will become stars, some dogs

The starting point in formulating strategies is usually:

SWOT analysis

Tino has a stack of resumes. He throws out all the ones without a bachelors degree. Which criterion for evaluating a decision alternative do these candidates fail to meet?

Satisfactoriness

When evaluating decision alternatives, which of the following criteria refers to the extent to which the alternative meets the conditions of the situation?

Satisfactoriness

Will has resumes. He throws out the ones who dont have master degrees. What do these candidates fail to meet?

Satisfactoriness

Charles struggled through a year of Mandarin. The graduation requirement is two years of one world language. Charles could start with a different language, but he would have to give up an elective. Charles chose to take the second year of Mandarin. He engaged in

Satisficing

Donald Davis has to decide what make and model of pickup trucks to buy for his extermination company employees to drive. There are eight different manufacturers and countless models from which to choose. He also plans to buy a pickup for himself later on. He checks out the Dodge models and selects the Dodge full-sized model because he does not have much time to spend on the problem and because it will do the job. What would Herbert Simon call what Davis has just done?

Satisficing

Silpada Design and jewelry sold at home, looked no further than Avon as the big sister to buy the company because the sales force structure aligned with Silpada. It engaged in____

Satisficing

When a manager evaluates alternatives until she comes to one that meets some minimum standard of sufficiency, selects it, and then goes on to other problems without considering the remaining rational alternatives, she has engaged in

Satisficing

____ is the selection of the first minimally acceptable alternative

Satisficing

____ is the selection of the first minimally acceptable alternative.

Satisficing

______ means that decision-makers choose the first solution alternative that satisfies minimal decision criteria.

Satisficing

Where does the information about opportunities and threats comes from? a. An analysis of the organization's internal environment b. A department by department study of the organization c. Scanning the external environments d. Employee grievances e. Financial ratios of the organization

Scanning the external environments

What is the fourth step in rational decision making?

Select which alternative to implement

Differentiate between strategy formulation and strategy implementation.

Strategy formulation includes the planning and decision making that lead to the establishment of the firm's goals and the development of a specific strategic plan. Also, it includes assessing the external environment and internal problems and integrating the results into goals and strategies. Strategy implementation uses managerial and organizational tools to direct resources toward accomplishing strategic results.

SWOT

Strengths (I), Weaknesses (I), Opportunities (E), Threats (E)

List the four components of a SWOT analysis.

Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats

Briefly describe the ways that organizations may increase horizontal coordination.

Students should be able to describe at least a few of these: task forces, teams, project managers, and relational coordination.

Describe a few of the "dividends" of workplace diversity.

Students should describe a few of the following: - better use of employee talent - increased understanding of the marketplace - enhanced breadth of understaning in leadership positions - increased quality of team problem solving - reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, lawsuits

Four hygiene factors from Herzberg's two-factor theory

Supervisors Interpersonal relations Pay & security Company policies

After Sunshine Systems merged with RTD Enterprises, company executives noticed that due to increased employee collaboration between the two units, costs were down and revenues increased within both areas. This is an example of what business phenomenon?

Synergy

A technological change such as the rise of the Internet can represent either an opportunity or a threat. Select one: True False

TRUE

Deregulation of the mortgage industry is an example of how political and legal forces can impact an industry. Select one: True False

TRUE

In Porters framework, the stronger the five forces, the more limited the ability of established companies to raise prices and earn greater profits. Select one: True False

TRUE

T/F A desired future state that the individual or organization attempts to realize is a goal.

TRUE

T/F Goals are most effective when they are specific, measurable, challenging and linked to rewards.

TRUE

T/F Goals are typically stated in quantitative terms.

TRUE

T/F If Renae, manager at Leak Free Roofing, wanted to develop a contingency plan for Leak Free, she would need to look at factors such as new equipment, the economy, and the company workers' compensation cases.

TRUE

T/F Of executives whose companies had no formal strategic planning process, about half said they were dissatisfied with the company's development strategy.

TRUE

T/F One of the limitations of setting goals and making plans is that they can get in the way of creativity.

TRUE

T/F Prevention and preparation are the two stages of crisis management

TRUE

T/F Research has shown that strategic thinking and planning positively affect a firm's performance and financial success.

TRUE

T/F Some companies hire competitive intelligence professionals to scan the external environment and provide data and research on relevant domestic and global trends.

TRUE

T/F The dog, according to the BCG Matrix, is a poor performer.

TRUE

T/F The task environment sectors are the most relevant to strategic behavior and include the behavior of competitors, customers, suppliers, and the labor supply.

TRUE

_____ change is related to the organization's production process, i.e., how the organization does its work.

Technology

The rational model of decision making assumes all of the following except? A. Decision maker will select the least expensive acceptable alternative. B. The decision maker is logical C. The decision maker will always have the best interest at heart D. Decision maker will try to eliminate as much uncertainty as possible.

The decision maker will select the least expensive acceptable alternative

The planning process begins with which of these? a. The development of operational goals b. The development of a mission statement c. Communication of goals to the rest of the organization d. A company-wide meeting e. Brainstorming

The development of a mission statement

a

The human resource department at Paula's Powerwheels is implementing a number of functional level strategies. These strategies include focusing on ways to retain and develop a stable work force and ways to improve efficiency in the organization. These functional-level strategies are consistent with which of the following strategies? a. Cost leadership b. Differentiation c. New product development d. New market development e. Divestiture

D

The organization chart a. shows the characteristics of the organization's vertical structure. b. is a visual representation of the organization's structure. c. details the formal reporting relationships that exist within an organization. d. all of these. e. both shows the characteristics of the organization's vertical structure and is a visual representation of the organization's structure.

Explain the purpose of the employee selection process and identify the most frequently used selection devices.

The purpose of the selection process is to select desired employees from the pool of recruited applicants. Employers attempt to determine the best fit between the job requirements and applicant capabilities. Four of the most frequently used selection devices are application forms, interviews, employment tests, and assessment centers.

c

The question mark has a: a. large market share in a rapidly growing industry. b. large market share in a slow growth industry. c. small market share in a rapidly growing industry. d. small share of a slow growth market. e. moderate market share in a slow growth industry.

Feedback barrier

The recipient doesn't respond enough

Grapevine

The unoffical communication system of the informal organization

Which of the following statements about programmed decisions is FALSE? A. To make a programmed decision, it must be possible to develop some rule for making the decision. B. the decision situation in which programmed decisions should be used needs to be fairly structured. C. the use of programmed decisions should be limited to noncritical situations. D. In many instances, programmed decisions can be computerized. E. programmed decisions deal with repetitive situations.

The use of Programmed decisions should be limited to noncritical situations

Which of the following statements about programmed decisions is FALSE?

The use of programmed decisions should be limited to noncritical situations

Describe the three levels of strategy in an organization.

There are three levels of strategy in an organization: corporate-level, business-level, and functional-level. Corporate-level strategies involve the whole organization. This level of strategy is most concerned with answering the question: "What business are we in?" These types of decisions often involve issues of growth, retrenchment, and/or joint ventures. Business-level strategies are concerned with the question "How do we compete?" They focus on how the individual business unit competes within its industry. They may involve such issues as advertising, product changes, and new-product development. Functional-level strategies are concerned with the question of "How do we support the business-level strategy?" Involving all of the organization's major functions, these types of strategies link the functional unit with the strategic business unit.

Four of the characteristics of effective control

Timeliness Accuracy Objectivity Flexibility

_____ symbolizes to all employees that the change is important for the organization.

Top management support

Which of the following strategies would be appropriate when the need for both national responsiveness and global integration is low?

Transnational

Different industries in which an entrepreneur can start a business

Transportation Service Financial Whole-Saling

A change agent is an OD (organizational development) specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change.

True

A desired future circumstance or condition that the organization attempts to realize is a goal

True

A desired future state that the individual or organization attempts to realize is a goal.

True

A desired future state that the individual or organization attempts to realize is a goal. (T/F)

True

A diverse workforce is better able to anticipate and respond to changing consumer needs.

True

A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea champion.

True

Administrative and political decision making procedures and intuition have been associated with high performance in unstable environments in which decisions must be made rapidly and under more difficult conditions.

True

An ambidextrous approach means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and for the systematic implementation of innovations.

True

An idea incubator is in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics.

True

At Fox End, people are grouped together in departments by common skills and work activities, including a sales department and a production department. This is an example of vertical functional approach.

True

Because employees with different backgrounds bring different options and ideas to the table, a diverse workforce may lead to increased conflict, anxiety, and misunderstanding.

True

Brainstorming uses a face-to-face interactive group to spontaneously suggest a wide range of alternatives for decision making.

True

Evidence shows that people who make poor decisions under the influence of strong emotions tend to continue that behavior in the future.

True

Finding the right people to apply new information technology for e- business is a current strategic issue of particular concern for HR managers.

True

Colby is a new interviewer who just finished an interview with Renee. Her professional style and her flawless grooming immediately struck him. Colby gave Renee a very good evaluation although her previous work experience and educational background were not that exceptional. What rating error did Colby succumb to? a. Halo effect b. Central tendency c. Homogeneity d. Leniency e. General tendency

a

Finding the right people to apply new information technology for e-business is a current strategic issue of particular concern for HR managers. a. True b. False

a

For companies to operate effectively, the amount of centralization or decentralization should fit the firm's strategy. a. True b. False

a

For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as what type of innovation? a. Disruptive innovation b. Service innovation c. Productive innovation d. Restructuring innovation e. Reverse innovation

a

Go into most hospitals, and you will find a billing department, an x-ray department, an insurance claims department, and a pharmacy. These various departments indicate that most hospitals use a ____ basis for departmentalization. a. functional b. location c. product d. customer e. sequential

a

Hiring and keeping quality employees is one of the most urgent concerns for today's organizations. a. True b. False

a

In the unfreezing step, participants must be made aware of problems and be willing to change. a. True b. False

a

Innovative Creations Corporation is designed along functional lines. New product development is very slow and the process is plagued by many problems. One of the problems is that the people in marketing never communicate with the people in production. This is an example of poor: a. coordination. b. planning. c. motivating. d. leading. e. controlling.

a

Makai's Marketing Mix (MMM) does not use its resources wisely. The employees at MMM spend too much time in meetings and not enough time focusing on the task at hand. MMM's management should consider changing the organizational structure from _____ to _____. a. horizontal; vertical b. team based; horizontal c. vertical; team based d. mechanistic; rigid e. team-based; virtual network

a

Matthew is Mandy's supervisor. He promises to fire her if she does not engage in sexual activity with him. This type of sexual harassment would be categorized as: a. coercion with threat of punishment. b. solicitation with promise of reward. c. appropriate. d. generalized. e. positional authority.

a

Mergers/acquisitions, organizational decline, and conflict management are the three types of current problems that organizational development managers face. a. True b. False

a

Morgan Stanley started requiring financial planners to print reports in colors that are easier for older eyes to read. This is an example of a(n) ____ innovation. a. product b. managerial c. radical d. application e. process

a

Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization. a. True b. False

a

Organizational development involves the application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organization's effectiveness and success. a. True b. False

a

Recruiters are now viewing the profiles and pictures of candidates on social networking sites such as Facebook. a. True b. False

a

Recruiting activities can be divided into (1) internal recruiting including "promote from within" policies, and (2) external recruiting including the use of headhunters. a. True b. False

a

Reengineering is needed when an organization a. recognizes entropy. b. is dominant in its market. c. is in the early stages of the business life cycle. d. wants to improve employee morale. e. wants to implement a diversity program.

a

Service firms include banks, hotels, and law firms. a. True b. False

a

Sexual harassment in the workplace is a violation of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. a. True b. False

a

Stephanie is nervous about giving a presentation at the marketing firm where she works. One of her male coworkers told her, "Don't be such a girl, attack that presentation!" Now Stephanie is so concerned about appearing tough that she can barely concentrate on the content of the presentation. Stephanie's anxiety stems from: a. stereotype threat. b. ethnocentrism. c. plurality. d. glass ceiling threat. e. the female advantage.

a

Stereotypes assume that all members of a group have the same characteristics. a. True b. False

a

The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change is technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change. a. True b. False

a

The confusion and frustration caused by the dual chain of command is a major problem of the matrix structure. a. True b. False

a

The disparity between existing and desired performance levels is the need for change. a. True b. False

a

The distinctive feature of the project manager position is that the person is not a member of one of the departments begin coordinated. a. True b. False

a

The framework in which the organization defines how tasks are divided, resources are deployed and departments are coordinated is called organizational structure. a. True b. False

a

The horizontal linkage model is increasingly important in high pressure business environments that require rapidly developing and commercializing products and services. a. True b. False

a

The pure functional structure is appropriate for achieving internal efficiency goals. a. True b. False

a

Training is one of the most frequently used approaches to changing people's mindsets. a. True b. False

a

Ryan Tool Company just purchased Coney Tools. The purchase came about because both the research and development people and the production people at Ryan joined forces to lobby for the purchase of Coney rather than another company. Both groups wanted Coney because of its up-to-date research and production facilities. The behavioral force that influenced their decision making is referred to as... a) coalition b) intuition c) bounded rationality d) interacting group behavior e) escalation of commitment

a) coalition

When the manager understands the available options but the probabilities associated with each option are uncertain, the manager is experiencing... a) decision making under risk b) satisficing c) bounded rationality d) decision making under certainty e) decision making under uncertainty

a) decision making under risk

The manager who has difficulty identifying alternatives and assessing their probabilities is experiencing... a) decision making under uncertainty b) decision making under absolute certainty c) decision making under risk d) decision maker's creativity block e) decision making with fear

a) decision making under uncertainty

It is important to follow up and evaluate the effectiveness of a decision to... a) ensure that the decision achieves the desired result b) help eliminate satisficing c) enable objective quantification of the decision d) determine the feasibility of another alternative if the original decision proves ineffective e) help eliminate bounded rationality

a) ensure that the decision achieves the desired result

A disadvantage of using interacting groups to make decisions is... a) group politics b) void of expert opinion c) an increase in programmed costs d) faster decision making e) too much brainstorming

a) group politics

A(n) ____ group is the most common form of a decision-making group. a) interacting b) Delphi c) nominal d) unilateral e) task

a) interacting

Dr Elkin is an orthodontist. Each patient's mouth is different. When he decides on a course of treatment he makes a(n) ____ decision. a) nonprogrammed b) rational c) ethical d) programmed e) satisficing

a) nonprogrammed

The U.S. Postal Service started 'stamps.com' so customers can print and send items from home. They also offered a promotion for a scale and free postage. This is an example of a(n) ____ decision. a) nonprogrammed b) rational c) ethical d) programmed e) satisficing

a) nonprogrammed

To better compete with the Internet as a communications tool, Hallmark created a line of 99-cent cards called "Warm Wishes." This introduction of a line of cards that is priced much lower than its other product lines was more than likely the result of a(n) ____ management decision. a) nonprogrammed b) rational c) ethical d) programmed e) satisficing

a) nonprogrammed

Based on the rational decision-making model, you would expect the first thing that happened at the other major networks as a result of the success of the American Idol television series was to... a) realize that they needed to create a viewer participation talent search TV program like American Idol b) identify variations on the same American Idol theme c) evaluate where in their schedules viewer participation talent search programming belonged d) select a location for their version of a viewer participation talent search television show e) choose the contestants desperate for 15 minutes of fame

a) realize that they needed to create a viewer participation talent search TV program like American Idol

The first step in the decision-making process is... a) recognizing and defining the situation b) brainstorming c) the generation of alternatives d) the expression of a willingness to be innovative e) implementation

a) recognizing and defining the situation

Charles struggled through a year of Mandarin. The graduation requirement is two years of one world language. Charles could start with a different language, but he would have to give up an elective. Charles chose to take the second year of Mandarin. He engaged in... a) satisficing b) equifinality c) bounded efficiency d) optimization e) nominal decision making

a) satisficing

Olga is house hunting in a "hot" market. Some homes sell within hours of listing. Olga finds one that meets her minimum criteria and immediately makes an offer. This is an example of.. a) satisficing b) equifinality c) bounded efficiency d) optimization e) nominal decision making

a) satisficing

A manager who has a low-risk propensity would... a) use the rational decision-making model b) rely on intuition for his or her decision making c) make decisions aggressively d) reach decisions quickly e) easily invest large sums of money in support of his or her decisions

a) use the rational decision-making model

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act forbids discrimination against workers above which of the following ages? a. 40 b. 45 c. 50 d. 55 e. 65

a. 40

According to the Managerial Grid, the _____ manager is highly concerned about production but exhibits little concern for people. a. 9,1 b. 0,1 c. 1,9 d. 0,1 e. 9,0

a. 9,1

Brenda, a senior engineer at Machineworks Inc., set herself difficult goals and assumes personal reasonability for the performance of her subordinates. Brenda most likely has a high need for ________. a. Achievement b. Affiliation c. Esteem d. Security e. Potential

a. Achievement

Managers with a(n) _____ style may make decisions that help others achieve their goals. a. behavioral b. conceptual c. directive d. analytical e. classical

a. Behavioral

Melissa is a manager at InStylez Clothing. Her job is very complex and she feels that she does not have enough time to identify and/or process all the information she needs to make decisions. Melissa's situation is most consistent with which of the following concepts? a. Bounded rationality b. The classical model of decision making c. Satisficing d. Brainstorming e. Scientific management

a. Bounded rationality

Which of the following defines a technique that uses a face-to-face group to spontaneously suggest a broad range of alternatives for decision making? a. Brainstorming b. Groupthink c. Point-counterpoint d. Brainwriting e. Devil's advocate

a. Brainstorming

________ is defined as a clear and stint line of authority among the positions in an organization a. Chain of command b. Span of management c. Job deskilling d. Flat structure e. Synergy

a. Chain of command

Bierderlack has a policy that states that more than three absences in a six-month period shall result in a suspension. Colleen, the manager, has just decided to suspend one of her shift employees for violating this policy. This is an example of: a. a programmed decision. b. a nonprogrammed decision. c. an insignificant decision d. poor management. e. personal grudge.

a. a programmed decision

Bierderlack has a policy that states that more than three absences in a six-month period shall result in a suspension. Colleen, the manager, has just decided to suspend one of her shift employees for violating this policy. This is an example of: a. a programmed decision. b. a nonprogrammed decision. c. an insignificant decision. d. poor management. e. personal grudge.

a. a programmed decision.

Managers with a(n) _____ style may make decisions that help others achieve their goals. a. behavioral b. conceptual c. directive d. analytical e. classical

a. behavioral

Which of the following defines a technique that uses a face-to-face group to spontaneously suggest a broad range of alternatives for decision making? a. Brainstorming b. Groupthink c. Point-counterpoint d. Brainwriting e. Devil's advocate

a. brainstorming

Matthew is Mandy's supervisor. He promises to fire her if she does not engage in sexual activity with him. This type of sexual harassment would be categorized as: a. coercion with threat of punishment. b. solicitation with promise of reward. c. appropriate. d. generalized. e. positional authority.

a. coercion with threat of punishment

Matthew is Mandy's supervisor. He promises to fire her if she does not engage in sexual activity with him. This type of sexual harassment would be categorized as: a. coercion with threat of punishment. b. solicitation with promise of reward. c. appropriate. d. generalized. e. positional authority.

a. coercion with threat of punishment.

Innovative Creations Corporation is designed along functional lines. New product development is very slow and the process is plagued by many problems. One of the problems is that the people in marketing never communicate with the people in production. This is an example of poor: a. coordination. b. planning. c. motivating. d. leading. e. controlling.

a. coordination

Innovative Creations Corporation is designed along functional lines. New product development is very slow and the process is plagued by many problems. One of the problems is that the people in marketing never communicate with the people in production. This is an example of poor: a. coordination. b. planning. c. motivating. d. leading. e. controlling.

a. coordination.

With a(n) _____ strategy, the organization attempts to develop innovative products unique to the market. a. differentiation b. integration c. reengineering d. cost leadership e. defensive

a. differentiation

With a(n) _____ strategy, the organization attempts to develop innovative products unique to the market. a. differentiation b. integration c. reengineering d. cost leadership e. defensive

a. differentiation

Mingles, Inc. concentrates its efforts on its target market of 18 to 25 year olds. It is using a(n) _____ strategy. a. focus b. differentiation c. cost leadership d. multidomestic e. universal

a. focus

Colby is a new interviewer who just finished an interview with Renee. Her professional style and her flawless grooming immediately struck him. Colby gave Renee a very good evaluation although her previous work experience and educational background were not that exceptional. What rating error did Colby succumb to? a. Halo effect b. Central tendency c. Homogeneity d. Leniency e. General tendency

a. halo effect

Makai's Marketing Mix (MMM) does not use its resources wisely. The employees at MMM spend too much time in meetings and not enough time focusing on the task at hand. MMM's management should consider changing the organizational structure from _____ to _____. a. horizontal; vertical b. team based; horizontal c. vertical; team based d. mechanistic; rigid e. team-based; virtual network

a. horizontal; vertical

Makai's Marketing Mix (MMM) does not use its resources wisely. The employees at MMM spend too much time in meetings and not enough time focusing on the task at hand. MMM's management should consider changing the organizational structure from _____ to _____: a. horizontal; vertical b. team based; horizontal c. vertical; team based d. mechanistic; rigid e. team-based; virtual network

a. horizontal;vertical

The decision that the manager makes using the behavioral model of decision making

a. is made with imperfect information. b. has an incomplete set of alternatives. c. uses bounded rationality. d. requires the manager to engage in satisfying. e. All of these choices

"We respect our employees and value their diversity" is an example of a statement you are most likely to find in the organization's: a. mission. b. strategic goals. c. tactical goals. d. strategic plans. e. tactical plans.

a. mission.

We respect our employees and value their diversity" is an example of a statement you are most likely to find in the organization's: a. mission. b. strategic goals. c. tactical goals. d. strategic plans. e. tactical plans.

a. mission.

Before implementing new changes in work schedules, Trudy's Trinkets works with the union to ensure a smooth transition. What approach to change is this company using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education

a. negotiation

According to Fast Company, in 2013, _____ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company. a. Nike b. Pinterest c. Target d. Apple e. Procter & Gamble

a. nike

When managers base decisions on what has worked in the past and fail to explore new options, they are: a. perpetuating the status quo. b. being influenced by emotions. c. being overconfident. d. justifying past actions. e. seeing what they want to see.

a. perpetuating the status quo.

When managers base decisions on what has worked in the past and fail to explore new options, they are: a. perpetuating the status quo. b. being influenced by emotions. c. being overconfident. d. justifying past actions. e. seeing what they want to see.

a. perpetuation the status quo

Imagine that you are an ABC network executive. Your task is to find a successful game show. You have three possible formats. One is a game show that is designed like a treasure hunt and staged on a secluded island. One uses a team approach to solving brainteasers and offers a $5 million prize. Another suggested game show pairs teenagers and their parents and has them answer music trivia questions. The prizes include full college tuition, a new house, automobiles for both, and so on. In which step of the rational decision-making process are you? a) Recognizing and defining the problem b) Evaluating alternatives c) Selecting the best alternatives d) Implementing an alternative e) Cannot be determined from the information given

b) Evaluating alternatives

Which of the following statements is an advantage of group decision making? a) Groups typically spend a lot of time interacting and discussing b) Groups often represent diversity of education and experience c) Leaders can shine in groups d) Groups tend to desire consensus and cohesiveness e) Groups typically reach compromise decisions

b) Groups often represent diversity of education and experience

Tino has a stack of resumes. He throws out all the ones without a bachelors degree. Which criterion for evaluating a decision alternative do these candidates fail to meet? a) Feasibility b) Satisfactoriness c) Affordability d) Consequences e) Rationality

b) Satisfactoriness

When evaluating decision alternatives, which of the following criteria refers to the extent to which the alternative meets the conditions of the situation? a) Feasibility b) Satisfactoriness c) Affordability d) Consequences e) Rationality

b) Satisfactoriness

Donald Davis has to decide what make and model of pickup trucks to buy for his extermination company employees to drive. There are eight different manufacturers and countless models from which to choose. He also plans to buy a pickup for himself later on. He checks out the Dodge models and selects the Dodge full-sized model because he does not have much time to spend on the problem and because it will do the job. What would Herbert Simon call what Davis has just done? a) Decision framing b) Satisficing c) Escalation of commitment d) Innovation e) Bounded rationality

b) Satisficing

Which of the following statements about programmed decisions is FALSE? a) To make a programmed decision, it must be possible to develop some rule for making the decision b) The use of programmed decisions should be limited to noncritical situations c) The decision situation in which programmed decisions should be used needs to be fairly structured d) In many instances, programmed decisions can be computerized e) Programmed decisions deal with repetitive situations

b) The use of programmed decisions should be limited to noncritical situations

LaTannia, manager of the accounting department, has to decide which computer system to purchase for her department. She has looked at all of the possible alternatives and is leaning toward an IBM system because she had positive experiences with an IBM system in her old job. This is an example of... a) optimization b) bounded rationality c) satisficing d) synergy e) escalation of commitment

b) bounded rationality

A disadvantage of the ____ decision making model is that it does not use ethics. a) behavioral b) classical c) administrative d) bureaucratic e) sequential

b) classical

A(n) ____ is an informal group allied together for a common purpose. a) action committee b) coalition c) board of directors d) interacting group e) department

b) coalition

The CEO is retiring. There are two candidates remaining. Three division heads support Alex. The other four division heads support Pat. These alliances can be called... a) organizational grapevines b) coalitions c) focus groups d) nominal groups e) boards of directors

b) coalitions

When Kelly chooses to stay at work instead of going to the department team building event, she is engaged in... a) problem solving b) decision making c) satisficing d) bounded rationality e) optimization

b) decision making

When a college student says no to an alcoholic drink, he is engaged in... a) problem solving b) decision making c) satisficing d) bounded rationality e) optimization

b) decision making

The key to making effective decisions under conditions of risk is to... a) recognize that information is not available and approach the situation intuitively b) determine the probabilities associated with each alternative as accurately as possible c) develop a rational system for ordering your choices in a hierarchy of importance d) recognize that you do not know all of the alternatives related to the decision e) identify the alternative(s) with completely predictable outcomes

b) determine the probabilities associated with each alternative as accurately as possible

Renee made a bad decision. She stays with it, trying to convince others it was a good decision. This is an example of... a) bounded optimization b) escalation of commitment c) programmed decision making d) strategic maximization e) intuitive rationality

b) escalation of commitment

William invested in an initial public offering. After a month he lost 5 percent. After a year he lost 50 percent. After two years he lost 80 percent. William's decision to keep the investment is an example of... a) bounded optimization b) escalation of commitment c) programmed decision making d) strategic maximization e) intuitive rationality

b) escalation of commitment

YouTube was operating at a loss when Google bought it. Three years later it was still operating at a lose. Google may have experienced ____. a) intuition b) escalation of commitment c) empathy d) risk propensity e) political forces

b) escalation of commitment

Caving into peer pressure is a disadvantage of ____. a) dominance b) groupthink c) compromise d) irrationality e) coalitions

b) groupthink

61. Mikko needed to replace his air conditioner. He left messages with four companies. The first one to call back got the job. He used... a) decision framing b) satisficing c) escalation of commitment d) innovation e) bounded rationality

b) satisficing

Bounded rationality is assumed in... a) the rational model b) the behavioral model c) decision making under certainty d) escalation of commitment e) the nonlinear model

b) the behavioral model

Which of the following is an example of a direct form of discrimination? a. An organization intentionally seeking and hiring employees from groups that are underrepresented in the organization b. An organization refusing to promote employees belonging to an ethnic minority into management c. An organization hiring professionals based on their experience and skills d. An organization using employment tests that men pass at a higher rate than women e. An organization using realistic job previews to recruit employees

b. An organization refusing to promote employees belonging to an ethnic minority into management

________ is the stage of the innovation process at which an organization introduces new products or services to the marketplace a. Innovation development b. Application launch c. Innovation application d. Application growth e. Innovation maturity

b. Application launch

Which of the following is a possible diagnostic activity in organization development? a. Enterprise resource planning b. Attitude surveys c. Force-field analysis d. Job shadowing e. Reverse engineering

b. Attitude surveys

An advantage of teams in an organization is that they enable the organization to shed its _________. a. Functionality b. Bureaucracy c. Flexibility d. Technocracy e. Responsiveness

b. Bureaucracy

Which of the following created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission? a. Americans with Disabilities Act b. Civil Rights Act c. Equal Pay Act d. Vocational Rehabilitation Act e. Immigration Reform and Control Act

b. Civil Rights Act

Which of the following created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission? a. Americans with Disabilities Act b. Civil Rights Act c. Equal Pay Act d. Vocational Rehabilitation Act e. Immigration Reform and Control Act

b. Civil rights act

Alabama Airlines has three planning specialists who help division managers develop their own division plans. Serving as consultants to the divisions, the planning specialists give advice about strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Alabama Airlines is utilizing what approach to the planning function? a. Centralized planning department b. Decentralized planning staff c. Planning task force d. Centralized planning committee e. TQM

b. Decentralized planning staff

Alabama Airlines has three planning specialists who help division managers develop their own division plans. Serving as consultants to the divisions, the planning specialists give advice about strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Alabama Airlines is utilizing what approach to the planning function? a. Centralized planning department b. Decentralized planning staff c. Planning task force d. Centralized planning committee e. TQM

b. Decentralized planning staff

_________ is the process by which a manager assigns a portion of his or her total workload to others a. Micromanagement b. Delegation c. Entropy d. Synergy e. Centralization

b. Delegation

Which of the following strategies involves rewarding an employee's innovation? a. Cost leadership b. Differentiation c. Focus d. Internal growth e. Liquidation

b. Differentiation

Which of the following strategies involves rewarding an employee's innovation? a. Cost leadership b. Differentiation c. Focus d. Internal growth e. Liquidation

b. Differentiation

________ is the extent to which an organization is broken down into subunits a. Entropy b. Differentiation c. Integration d. Synergy e. Divestiture

b. Differentiation

The ________ design is based on multiple businesses in related areas operating within a larger organizational framework a. Conglomerate b. Divisional c. H-form d. Matrix e. Functional

b. Divisional

The management pioneer who performed the Hawthorne studies at Western Electric was: a. Lillian Gilbreth b. Elton Mayo c. Henry Gantt d. Frank Gilbreth e. Fredrick Taylor

b. Elton Mayo

____________ is behavioral process in which a decisions maker stays with a decision even when it appears to be wrong a. Bounded optimization b. Escalation of commitment c. Risk propensity d. Strategic maximization e. Intuitive rationality

b. Escalation of commitment

Alpha Motors Inc. was affected by the recession in 2008. the company had to make extensive changes to its organizational structure and design. This scenario illustrates how _______ forces affect organizations a. Technical b. External c. Managerial d. Legal e. Internal

b. External

Leo showed up late for meeting. His boss ignored it. She was using _____ as reinforcement. a. Avoidance b. Extinction c. Positive reinforcement d. Punishment e. Distortion

b. Extinction

A(n) ______ is any advantage that comes to a firm because it exploits an opportunity before any other firm does a. Comparative advantage b. First-mover advantage c. Economic moat d. Absolute advantage e. Core competency

b. First-mover advantage

Monthly paychecks are examples of reinforcements provided at a ______ schedule a. Random b. Fixed-interval c. Fixed-ratio d. Variable-ratio e. Variable-interval

b. Fixed-interval

______ departmentalization groups together those jobs involving the same or similar activities a. Product b. Functional c. Location d. Customer e. Sequential

b. Functional

Which workforce generation category is characterized as ambitious but lacking loyalty to the organization? a. Generation X b. Generation Y c. Baby boomers d. Teeny boppers e. Generation A

b. Generation Y

In the television show Mad Men, Roger has more experience in the organization than Don. However, Don is perceived as the creative talent that all the customers want on their accounts and the reason for the firm's success. In this scenario, Don is the: a. Formal leader b. Informal leader c. Task specialist d. Maintenance specialist e. Veteran

b. Informal leader

______ involves systematically moving employees from one job to another a. Job enlargement b. Job rotation c. Job deskilling d. Job specialization e. Job enrichment

b. Job rotation

. _____ is NOT a type of current problem that organizational development can help address. a. Mergers b. Acquisitions c. Diversification d. Organizational decline e. Conflict management

c

At the opposite ends of the single continuum used by the Michigan studies are the leader's a. Initiating-structure behavior and consideration behavior b. Job-centered leader behavior and employee-centered leader behavior c. Concern for production and concern for people d. Task-oreinted behavior and relationship-oriented behavior e. Traits reflecting the hierarchical theory x and traits reflecting the innovative theory y

b. Job-centered leader behavior and employee-centered leader behavior

The first organized approach to studying leadership focused on: a. Leadership behavior b. Leadership traits c. Rewards expected d. Situational favorableness e. Leader-member relations

b. Leadership traits

Swift Move Facilities manufacturers two different bicycle models. The company produces a high volume of products using standardized production runs. The company does very little product customization. Swift Move uses what type of technology structure? a. Service production b. Mass production c. Large-batch production d. Small-batch production e. Continuous process production

b. Mass production

Swift Move Facilities manufacturers two different bicycle models. The company produces a high volume of products using standardized production runs. The company does very little product customization. Swift Move uses what type of technology structure? a. Service production b. Mass production c. Large-batch production d. Small-batch production e. Continuous process production

b. Mass production

The _______ design is based on two overlapping bases of departmentalization a. H-form b. Matrix c. Functional d. Divisional e. U-form

b. Matrix

________ refers to a person's rigidity of beliefs and range of interests a. Self-efficacy b. Openness c. Self-monitoring d. Risk propensity e. Machiavellianism

b. Openness

Riya was a highly successful manager at Optics International. After ten years with the company, she decided to leave and become a fulltime mother and caregiver to her ailing father. This example demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers? a. Female advantage b. Opt-out trend c. Glass ceiling d. Glass wall e. Opaque ceiling

b. Opt-out trend

The best form of interpersonal communication to use when you have a personal or non routine message to communicate is: a. Horizontal b. Oral c. Downward d. Written e. Upward

b. Oral

A blueprint specifying the resource allocations schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals is referred to as a(n):a. goal. b. plan. c. mission. d. vision. e. objective.

b. Plan

Modifying the benefits system on a yearly basis to maintain employee satisfaction is most likely to be a __________ change a. Reactive b. Planned c. Contingency d. Legal e. General environmental

b. Planned

Which of the following means that an organization accommodates several subcultures? a. Monoculturalism b. Pluralism c. Ethnorelativism d. Geocentricism e. Ethnocentrism

b. Pluralism

In Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix, ________ are businesses that have only a small share of a quickly growing market. a. Stars b. Question marks c. Entropies d. Dogs e. Cash cows

b. Question marks

_______ compares each employee with a fixed standard rather than comparison with other employees. a. An objective method b. Rating c. Ranking d. Job specialization e. Job enlargement

b. Rating

_______ is the process of attracting qualified persons to apply for jobs that are open a. Mentoring b. Recruiting c. Job analysis d. Job evaluation e. Validation

b. Recruiting

At a high school, final examinations are held online. During the examination, the difficulty level of questions assigned to students is modified based on how well individual students perform. This is an example of ________ operations control. a. Preliminary b. Screening c. Structural d. Postaction e. Decentralized

b. Screening

Fred has been assigned to conduct a SWOT analysis for his organization, Acme, Inc. As part of this assignment, Fred will: a. conduct an external wage survey. b. search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm. c. choose a grand strategy for his firm. d. do a cost/benefit analysis. e. develop a mission.

b. Search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm

_______ is a person's beliefs about his or her capabilities to perform a task. a. Openness b. Self-efficacy c. Locus of control d. Risk propensity e. Authoritarianism

b. Self-efficacy

Cyrus's Resort has proposed some major structural changes within their organization. Some of the employees fear that they will lose power with the changes. They begin voicing resistance to the changes. What barrier to change are they exhibiting? a. Disagreements about the benefits b. Self-interests c. A lack of understanding and trust d. Uncertainty e. Goals and rewards

b. Self-interests

_____ departments include all of those that provide specialized skills in support of _____ departments. a. Line; staff b. Staff; line c. Primary; functional d. Functional; primary e. Line; functional

b. Staff; line

Sarah is a middle manager at Stylin' Sneakers Corporation. She is most likely responsible for the achievement of _____ goals. a. operational b. tactical c. strategic d. lower-level e. top-level

b. Tactical

Which of the following statements is true in the context of decision making under a state of risk? a. The decision maker clearly knows the alternatives b. The decision maker uses probability estimates to assess alternatives c. The decision maker is least likely to choose a bad alternative d. The decision maker has an accurate understanding of payoffs of all the alternatives e. The decision maker seldom considers his or her past experience while making the decision

b. The decision maker uses probability estimates to assess alternatives

The planning process begins with which of these? a. The development of operational goals b. The development of a mission statement c. Communication of goals to the rest of the organization d. A company-wide meeting e. Brainstorming

b. The development of a mission statement

Flash Card Inc. recently underwent a significant company-wide change that involved revision of its manufacturing and leadership processes. The result of this was a stronger emphasis on horizontal coordination. This level of change is referred to as: a. reorganization. b. reengineering. c. e-engineering. d. strategic planning. e. corporate structuring.

b. reengineering.

Fred has been assigned to conduct a SWOT analysis for his organization, Acme, Inc. As part of this assignment, Fred will: a. conduct an external wage survey. b. search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm. c. choose a grand strategy for his firm. d. do a cost/benefit analysis. e. develop a mission.

b. search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm.

Cyrus's Resort has proposed some major structural changes within their organization. Some of the employees fear that they will lose power with the changes. They begin voicing resistance to the changes. What barrier to change are they exhibiting? a. Disagreements about the benefits b. Self-interests c. A lack of understanding and trust d. Uncertainty e. Goals and rewards

b. self interests

_____ departments include all of those that provide specialized skills in support of _____ departments. a. Line; staff b. Staff; line c. Primary; functional d. Functional; primary e. Line; functional

b. staff;line

Sarah is a middle manager at Stylin' Sneakers Corporation. She is most likely responsible for the achievement of _____ goals. a. operational b. tactical c. strategic d. lower-level e. top-level

b. tactical

The matrix structure violates which of the following principles of management? a. Unity of direction b. Unity of command c. Work specialization d. Division of labor e. Span of management

b. unity of command

While interviews are _____, they are generally _____ predictors of subsequent job performance. a. rarely used; not valid b. widely used; not valid c. rarely used; excellent d. widely used; valid e. painful; excellent

b. widely used; not valid

A blueprint specifying the resource allocations schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals is referred to as a(n): a: goal b: plan c: mission d: vision e: objective

b: plan

People with a(n) _____ style usually are concerned with the personal development of others and may make decisions that help others achieve their goals.

behavioral

The _____ style is often the style adopted by managers having a deep concern for others as individuals.

behavioral

The _____ is developed from critical incidents pertaining to job performance. Each job performance scale is anchored with specific behavioral statements that describe varying degrees of performance.

behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)

rating scale where each point is associated with behavioral anchors

behaviorally-anchored rating scale

A corporate _____ is a governing body that is elected by the stockholders and charged with overseeing a firm's general management to ensure that it is run to best serve the stockholders' interests.

board of directors

A(n) _____ is a model of organization design based on a legitimate and formal system of authority.

bureaucracy

Decisions regarding the proper amount of advertising for a particular good or service are related to: a. retrenchment strategies. b. tactical-level strategies.- wrong c. corporate-level strategies. d. functional-level strategies. e. business-level strategies.

business level strategies

Ford's decision to completely redesign its Ford Taurus can be classified as a:

business level strategy.

Decisions regarding the proper amount of advertising for a particular good or service are related to:

business-level strategies.

When Philip-Morris, the tobacco giant, bought Kraft, Inc., it was pursuing a _____.

business-level strategy

. Jurgen is one of several middle managers sent to a training course on leadership skills. Through this effort, the organization is attempting: a. organization change b. organization development c. people change d. culture change e. artifact change

c

. Phlex Plastic has a very strong set of corporate values. In fact, Phlex has been known to discourage the emergence of alternative values. Phlex is most likely: a. a diverse organization. b. an organization that encourages pluralism. c. a monoculture. d. geocentric. e. minority-owned organization.

c

. Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be: a. cordial. b. rightsized. c. ambidextrous. d. compliant. e. intra-focused.

c

All of the following are current strategic issues of particular concern to managers, except: a. hiring the right people to become more competitive on a global basis. b. hiring the right people for improving quality, innovation, and customer service. c. hiring the right people to become more competitive on a local basis. d. knowing the right people to retain during mergers and acquisitions. e. hiring the right people to apply new information technology for e-business.

c

Artie's Pretzels is a small but well-known company that receives thousands of job applications every year, though it only fills about 50 positions annually. Company managers have learned that Artie's human resource practices are one of the driving factors that attract potential employees. Artie's Pretzels is an example of a(n): a. contingency employer. b. employer of options. c. employer of choice. d. employer of necessity. e. telecommuter-friendly employer.

c

Ashley has average technical skills but her real strengths lay in visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and in finding financial and political support for these ideas. Ashley is an excellent example of a(n): a. critic. b. sponsor. c. idea champion. d. inventor. e. bureaucrat.

c

Conolly Company uses internal recruiting whenever possible. This practice: a. costs more than external recruiting. b. decreases employee satisfaction. c. generates increased employee commitment. d. demotivates existing employee given limited socializing opportunities. e. gives employees an upper hand in negotiations.

c

Hopetech Industries has a corporate diversity plan that limits diversity to areas that do not change throughout a person's lifetime, such as race, gender, age, and disability. Hopetech's diversity plan follows which model of corporate diversity? a. Inclusive model b. Exclusive model c. Traditional model d. Learning model e. Static model

c

If you give a paper-and-pencil test to job applicants in your organization and then later do a correlation analysis to determine the relationship between success on the testing device and success on some measure of performance, you are determining a. content validity. b. affirmative action results. c. predictive validity. d. the adverse impact of the hire. e. test reliability.

c

Josephine would like to become part of an elite manager network at her company so she can get access to general and line management experience to help her succeed within the company. However, she learns that the manager network is made up exclusively of men. This demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers? a. Female advantage b. Opt-out trend c. Glass ceiling d. Glass wall e. Opaque ceiling

c

Organ Rentals Corporation has been having numerous problems. Communication across departments is poor and decisions are backing up at the top of the organization. Organ Rentals uses a _____ structure. a. geographic b. product c. functional d. matrix e. team-based

c

Rebecca works for a company that has clearly defined lines of authority. Each employee knows that he or she has authority and responsibility for a distinct set of tasks. Employees are also aware of the company's reporting structure as well as successive management levels all the way to the top. Rebecca's company follows which principle? a. Specialization principle b. Unity of command principle c. Scalar principle d. Authority principle e. Responsibility principle

c

Span of management is the a. extent to which authority is delegated at the individual level. b. extent to which authority is systematically delegated to middle and lower levels of management. c. number of subordinates reporting to a particular manager. d. process of grouping jobs according to some logical pattern. e. number of managers assigned to a department.

c

The _____ approach is the most appropriate when users have the power to resist the proposed change. a. negotiation b. top management support c. participation d. coercion e. education

c

The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a(n): a. low pressure environment. b. stable environment. c. environment that requires speed. d. customer service environment. e. manufacturing environment.

c

The process by which the manager identifies and then tries to eliminate as many of the negatives⎯factors that will make the job of change more difficult⎯as possible is called... a. facilitation. b. implementation. c. force-field analysis. d. participative development. e. communication and education.

c

When managers let people who will be affected by an impending change know the reasons for the change, the ____ stage of the Lewin model of organization change has been reached. a. implementing b. recognizing c. unfreezing d. transforming e. refreezing

c

Which of the following factors is NOT associated with larger span of control? a. Work performed by subordinates is stable and routine. b. Subordinates perform similar work tasks. c. Subordinates are located at various different locations. d. Subordinates are highly trained and need little direction. e. Rules and procedures defining task activities are available

c

Which of the following is a characteristic of the large-group intervention model? a. Results in incremental change b. Learning for the small group c. Addresses the entire system d. Gradual time frame e. Limited distribution

c

Which of the following structures works best in an uncertain organizational environment? a. A tight structure b. A mechanistic structure c. A horizontal structure d. A functional structure e. A vertical structure

c

Which of the following typically is NOT considered a staff department? a. Strategic planning b. Accounting c. Manufacturing d. Human resources e. Research and development

c

____ is a discussion process between union and management that focuses on agreeing to a written contract that will cover all relevant aspects of their relationship. a. Negotiation b. The grievance procedure c. Collective bargaining d. Certification e. Arbitration

c

____ occurs when the decision maker is constrained by their own values, experiences, skills, and reflexes. He or she also has less than complete knowledge and information. a) Optimization b) Intuitive decision making c) Bounded rationality d) Escalation of commitment e) Satisficing

c) Bounded rationality

Joyce wants to decrease turnover. She can change hiring practices, improve benefits, improve wages, or provide an annual bonus. She chooses a year-end bonus because it keeps payroll lower and should quickly affect turnover. This example suggests that Joyce is at which step in the decision-making process? a) Developing a set of rational alternatives b) Evaluating decision effectiveness c) Selecting which alternative to implement d) Recognizing and defining the decision situation e) Evaluating the possible alternatives

c) Selecting which alternative to implement

Your assistant comes to you with the feasibility evaluation of a decision alternative. What should he be describing to you? a) How well the alternative will satisfy the conditions of the problem situation b) How the alternative will affect the various parts of the organization c) Whether the alternative is within the realm of probability and practicality for the organization d) The affordability of the consequences e) None of these choices

c) Whether the alternative is within the realm of probability and practicality for the organization

Imagine that you are a CBS network executive selecting a program. You have three possible formats. One is a game show that is designed like a treasure hunt and staged on a secluded island. One uses a team approach to solving brainteasers and offers a $5 million prize. Another suggested game show pairs teenagers and their parents and has them answer music trivia questions. The prizes include full college tuition, a new house, automobiles for both, and so on. The ____ model can be used to explain why you chose the treasure hunt game without even evaluating the other two. a) classical b) bureaucratic c) administrative d) human relations e) contingency

c) administrative

As it relates to selecting the alternative in a decision-making situation, optimization means choosing the... a) most feasible alternative b) most satisfactory alternative c) alternative that will do the most for the overall organization, even though it does not maximize outcomes for particular parts of the organization d) alternative with the highest combined level of feasibility, satisfactoriness, and affordability e) alternative with the most affordable consequences

c) alternative that will do the most for the overall organization, even though it does not maximize outcomes for particular parts of the organization

Karen has limited financing. She has three alternatives and knows the outcomes associated with each of them. She will choose under conditions of... a) probability b) risk c) certainty d) rationality e) uncertainty

c) certainty

One advantage of group decision making is... a) groupthink b) compromise c) diversity of members' backgrounds d) lowered cost of decision making e) ability of a strong individual to dominate the group

c) diversity of members' backgrounds

A builder in Miami started constructing homes during the "hot" real estate market, even though he knew there were a lot of speculators in the market. The market went cold, and the builder was stuck selling for very low prices. The builder demonstrated... a) bounded optimization b) escalation of commitment c) risk propensity d) strategic maximization e) intuitive rationality

c) risk propensity

Diaz Nesamoney is a computer scientist who founded three successful software companies. Entrepreneurs tend to have a high ____. a) bounded optimization b) escalation of commitment c) risk propensity d) strategic maximization e) intuitive rationality

c) risk propensity

When a manager evaluates alternatives until she comes to one that meets some minimum standard of sufficiency, selects it, and then goes on to other problems without considering the remaining rational alternatives, she has engaged in... a) means-end inversion b) equifinality c) satisficing d) bounded rationality e) classical decision making

c) satisficing

The Priest at Holy Trinity needs to select a youth ministry coordinator. This is an example of decision making... a) with bounded rationality b) under risk c) under uncertainty d) with a satisficing result e) under certainty

c) under uncertainty

The decision by executives at CBS to air 'Three Rivers' to see if it could find a show to improve its primetime viewership was an example of a decision made... a) with bounded rationality b) under risk c) under uncertainty d) with a satisficing result e) under certainty

c) under uncertainty

The decision to hire a janitorial service, buy a fleet of sales vehicles, or hire a public relations expert are all examples of decisions made... a) with bounded rationality b) under risk c) under uncertainty d) with a satisficing result e) under certainty

c) under uncertainty

When a manager makes a decision in spite of having imperfect information, this is known as... a) satisficing b) using the rational model of decision making c) using the behavioral model of decision making d) decision specialization e) bounded rationality

c) using the behavioral model of decision making

Which of the following structures works best in an uncertain organizational environment? a. A tight structure b. A mechanistic structure c. A horizontal structure d. A functional structure e. A vertical structure

c. A horizontal structure

After every quarterly board meeting, Bernice's Bracelets, Inc. announces big changes. They usually do not follow through on these changes. What is causing this lack of enthusiasm? a. Disagreements about the benefits b. Self-interests c. A lack of trust d. Goals and assessments e. Competitors

c. A lack of trust

Which of the following is a characteristic of the large-group intervention model? a. Results in incremental change b. Learning for the small group c. Addresses the entire system d. Gradual time frame e. Limited distribution

c. Addresses the entire system

The ________ decision model is a prescriptive approach that tells managers how they should make decisions; it assumes that managers are logical and rational and that their decisions will be in the organization's best interests. a. Behavioral b. Classical c. Administrative d. Bureaucratic e. Probabilistic

c. Administrative

Which of the following is an example of an organization's change in technology and operations? a. Enhanced job design b. Introduction of departmentalization c. Adoption of new information systems d. Introduction of a new compensation program e. Introduction of new employment policies

c. Adoption of new information systems

Genna is collecting data on how well the organization has done since their new strategy was implemented. She is in what stage of the managerial decision making process? a. The generation of alternatives b. Implementation of the chosen alternative c. Evaluation and feedback d. Recognition of the decision requirement e. Selection of desired alternative

c. Evaluation and feedback

Genna is collecting data on how well the organization has done since their new strategy was implemented. She is in what stage of the managerial decision making process? a. The generation of alternatives b. Implementation of the chosen alternative c. Evaluation and feedback d. Recognition of the decision requirement e. Selection of desired alternative

c. Evaluation and feedback

Which of the following is a good strategy for small businesses entering the retail industry? a. Targeting a wide customer base b. Selling standard rather than speciality products c. Focusing on a narrow market segment d. Increasing overhead costs e. Emphasizing a cost leadership rather than a niche strategy

c. Focusing on a narrow market segment

During the ________ stage of group development, the members begin to try out various forms of behavior in an attempt to determine the interpersonal behaviors that are acceptable in the group a. Norming b. Storming c. Forming d. Performing e. Transforming

c. Forming

Organ Rentals Corporation has been having numerous problems. Communication across departments is poor and decisions are backing up at the top of the organization. Organ Rentals uses a _____ structure. a. geographic b. product c. functional d. matrix e. team-based

c. Functional

A manager gives her employees a variable bonus every month based on resulting cost savings every time they exceed their sales quota. This type of incentive pay risk known as ________ a. Fixed-rate pay b. Profit sharing c. Gainsharing d. Lump-sum bonus e. Pay-for-knowledge

c. Gainsharing

Josephine would like to become part of an elite manager network at her company so she can get access to general and line management experience to help her succeed within the company. However, she learns that the manager network is made up exclusively of men. This demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers? a. Female advantage b. Opt-out trend c. Glass ceiling d. Glass wall e. Opaque ceiling

c. Glass ceiling

A(n) ________ represents a special compensation opportunity that is usually tied to performance a. Wage b. Salary c. Incentive d. Benefit e. Intangible Reward

c. Incentive

In organizations, sales forecasting, and environmental analysis are examples of the control of __________ resources. a. Physical b. Human c. Information d. Financial e. Inventory

c. Information

Winston is often intimidated and uncomfortable with his superiors. Winston needs to develop his ________ skills to be able to communicate easily with his superiors. a. Time management b. Spatial c. Interpersonal d. Conceptual e. Diagnostic

c. Interpersonal

Newly divorced people often join support groups for ________. a. Instrumental benefits b. Need satisfaction c. Interpersonal attraction d. Group activities e. Group goals

c. Interpersonal attraction

Compared to Type A individuals, Type B individuals are: a. More likely to be aggressive and impatient b. More devoted to work c. Less likely to experience conflict with other people d. Less likely to have a balanced approach to life e. Less successful

c. Less likely to experience conflict with other people

_____________ can be defined as a set of activities directed at an organization's resources, with the aim of achieving organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner a. Economics b. Job de-skilling c. Management d. Self-dealing e. Divestment

c. Management

When a manufacturing plant uses mathematical models to plan production and schedule equipment maintenance, it is drawing upon: a. Scientific management b. Administrative management c. Management science d. Behavioral perspective e. Theory X assumptions

c. Management science

Which of the following typically is NOT considered a staff department? a. Strategic planning b. Accounting c. Manufacturing d. Human resources e. Research and development

c. Manufacturing

Which of the following is a medium for transmitting an oral message within an organization? a. A memo b. A report c. Meetings d. E-mail messages e. A handwritten note

c. Meetings

Which of the following disturbs the communication process? a. Information b. Contradiction c. Noise d. Information e. Reference

c. Noise

________ is a formal assessment of how well employees are doing their jobs a. Job specialization b. Job analysis c. Performance appraisal d. Employment branding e. Validation

c. Performance appraisal

_____ decisions are associated with decision rules. a. Nonprogrammed b. Unique c. Programmed d. Ill-structured e. Novel

c. Programmed

_____ decisions are associated with decision rules. a. Nonprogrammed b. Unique c. Programmed d. Ill-structured e. Novel

c. Programmed

Shirley works in the human resource department at Turtle Shells, Inc. She believes she is seeing an increase in drinking problems among the workforce. She thinks she needs to investigate further. She is at what stage of the managerial decision making process? a. Diagnosis and analysis of causes b. Development of alternatives c. Recognition of decision requirement d. Evaluation and feedback e. Selection of desired alternatives

c. Recognition of decision requirement

Shirley works in the human resource department at Turtle Shells, Inc. She believes she is seeing an increase in drinking problems among the workforce. She thinks she needs to investigate further. She is at what stage of the managerial decision making process? a. Diagnosis and analysis of causes b. Development of alternatives c. Recognition of decision requirement d. Evaluation and feedback e. Selection of desired alternatives

c. Recognition of decision requirement

Wendy is reluctant to accept a new job offer because she's worried about her ability to meet new job demands. The most likely reason for such employee resistance to change is______. a. Threatened self-interests b. Facilitation c. Uncertainty d. Participation e. Feelings of loss

c. Uncertainty

The Americans with Disabilities Act: a. Allows passive discrimination against individuals with disabilities b. Requires employers to pay higher wages to employees with disabilities c. Requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations for employees with disabilities d. Requires employers to provide 24 weeks of paid leave to employees with disabilities e. Requires employers to eliminate policies that support affirmative action

c. Requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations for employees with disabilities

A nonprogrammer decision: a. Is relatively more frequent that programmed decisions b. Is highly structured c. Requires more time and resources than programmed decisions d. Is typically regarding daily organizational transactions e. Typically applies to basic operating systems and procedures

c. Requires more time and resources than programmed decisions

When the sent role is unclear, it results in: a. Intrarole conflict b. Role dynamism c. Role ambiguity d. Storming e. Interrole conflict

c. Role ambiguity

Rebecca works for a company that has clearly defined lines of authority. Each employee knows that he or she has authority and responsibility for a distinct set of tasks. Employees are also aware of the company's reporting structure as well as successive management levels all the way to the top. Rebecca's company follows which principle? a. Specialization principle b. Unity of command principle c. Scalar principle d. Authority principle e. Responsibility principle

c. Scalar principle

Rebecca works for a company that has clearly defined lines of authority. Each employee knows that he or she has authority and responsibility for a distinct set of tasks. Employees are also aware of the company's reporting structure as well as successive management levels all the way to the top. Rebecca's company follows which principle? a. Specialization principle b. Unity of command principle c. Scalar principle d. Authority principle e. Responsibility principle

c. Scalar principle

Where does the information about opportunities and threats comes from? a. An analysis of the organization's internal environment b. A department by department study of the organization c. Scanning the external environments d. Employee grievances e. Financial ratios of the organization

c. Scanning the external environments

Where does the information about opportunities and threats comes from? a. An analysis of the organization's internal environment b. A department by department study of the organization c. Scanning the external environments d. Employee grievances e. Financial ratios of the organization

c. Scanning the external environments

Which of the following is true of small businesses? a. Small business hire a minimum of 200 employees b. Small firms constitute 2 percent of all businesses in the United States c. Small businesses have a strong presence in the economy of the United States d. Small businesses have no presence in the technology sector e. Small businesses hire at a much slower rate than big businesses during economic recovery

c. Small businesses have a strong presence in the economy of the United States

A long-term time frame is most closely associated with: a. operational plans. b. tactical plans. c. strategic plans. d. mission plans. e. tactical goals.

c. Strategic Plans

_____ refers to the use of managerial tools to direct resources toward the achievement of strategic goals. a. Strategy formulation b. Strategy coordination c. Strategy execution d. Strategy control e. Strategy planning

c. Strategy execution

_____ refers to the use of managerial tools to direct resources toward the achievement of strategic goals. a. Strategy formulation b. Strategy coordination c. Strategy execution d. Strategy control e. Strategy planning

c. Strategy execution

The set of processes for deterring the strategies that will be used by an organization is known as: a. Strategy implementation b. Environmental scanning c. Strategy formulation d. Divesting e. Deskilling

c. Strategy formulation

Monitoring the administrative ratio to make sure staff expenses do not become excessive is an example of ________ control. a. Postaction b. Strategic c. Structural d. Operations e. Information

c. Structural

Which of the following factors is NOT associated with larger span of control? a. Work performed by subordinates is stable and routine. b. Subordinates perform similar work tasks. c. Subordinates are located at various different locations. d. Subordinates are highly trained and need little direction. e. Rules and procedures defining task activities are available.

c. Subordinates are located at various different locations.

As a process, leadership can be defined as: a. The practice of empowering employees to participate in organizational decision making b. The set of characteristics attributed to individuals who are perceived to be leaders c. The use of non coercive influence to shape an organization's goals d. The ability to assess business process performance e. The ability to adjust to and understand the changes in a workplace

c. The use of non coercive influence to shape an organization's goals

_________ forbids discrimination on the basis of sex, race, color, religion, or national origin in all areas of the employment relationship a. the Citizen Rights Act of 1957 b. Title IV of the Sarbanes Oxley Act c. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 d. Section 1107 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act e. Section 401 of the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act

c. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Strategic goals are set by: a. First-line managers b. Middle managers c. Top managers d. Stockholders e. Consumers

c. Top managers

Hopetech Industries has a corporate diversity plan that limits diversity to areas that do not change throughout a person's lifetime, such as race, gender, age, and disability. Hopetech's diversity plan follows which model of corporate diversity? a. Inclusive model b. Exclusive model c. Traditional model d. Learning model e. Static model

c. Traditional model

Hopetech Industries has a corporate diversity plan that limits diversity to areas that do not change throughout a person's lifetime, such as race, gender, age, and disability. Hopetech's diversity plan follows which model of corporate diversity? a. Inclusive model b. Exclusive model c. Traditional model d. Learning model e. Static model

c. Traditional model

Artie's Pretzels is a small but well-known company that receives thousands of job applications every year, though it only fills about 50 positions annually. Company managers have learned that Artie's human resource practices are one of the driving factors that attract potential employees. Artie's Pretzels is an example of a(n): a. contingency employer. b. employer of options. c. employer of choice. d. employer of necessity. e. telecommuter-friendly employer.

c. employer of choice

Artie's Pretzels is a small but well-known company that receives thousands of job applications every year, though it only fills about 50 positions annually. Company managers have learned that Artie's human resource practices are one of the driving factors that attract potential employees. Artie's Pretzels is an example of a(n): a. contingency employer. b. employer of options. c. employer of choice. d. employer of necessity. e. telecommuter-friendly employer.

c. employer of choice.

The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a(n): a. low pressure environment. b. stable environment. c. environment that requires speed. d. customer service environment. e. manufacturing environment.

c. environment that requires speed

The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a(n): a. low pressure environment. b. stable environment. c. environment that requires speed. d. customer service environment. e. manufacturing environment.

c. environment that requires speed.

Organ Rentals Corporation has been having numerous problems. Communication across departments is poor and decisions are backing up at the top of the organization. Organ Rentals uses a _____ structure. a. geographic b. product c. functional d. matrix e. team-based

c. functional

Conolly Company uses internal recruiting whenever possible. This practice: a. costs more than external recruiting. b. decreases employee satisfaction. c. generates increased employee commitment. d. demotivates existing employee given limited socializing opportunities. e. gives employees an upper hand in negotiations.

c. generates increased employee commitment

Conolly Company uses internal recruiting whenever possible. This practice: a. costs more than external recruiting. b. decreases employee satisfaction. c. generates increased employee commitment. d. demotivates existing employee given limited socializing opportunities. e. gives employees an upper hand in negotiations.

c. generates increased employee commitment.

Josephine would like to become part of an elite manager network at her company so she can get access to general and line management experience to help her succeed within the company. However, she learns that the manager network is made up exclusively of men. This demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers? a. Female advantage b. Opt-out trend c. Glass ceiling d. Glass wall e. Opaque ceiling

c. glass ceiling

All of the following are current strategic issues of particular concern to managers, except: a. hiring the right people to become more competitive on a global basis. b. hiring the right people for improving quality, innovation, and customer service. c. hiring the right people to become more competitive on a local basis. d. knowing the right people to retain during mergers and acquisitions. e. hiring the right people to apply new information technology for e-business.

c. hiring the right people to become more competitive on a local basis

All of the following are current strategic issues of particular concern to managers, except: a. hiring the right people to become more competitive on a global basis. b. hiring the right people for improving quality, innovation, and customer service. c. hiring the right people to become more competitive on a local basis. d. knowing the right people to retain during mergers and acquisitions. e. hiring the right people to apply new information technology for e-business.

c. hiring the right people to become more competitive on a local basis.

Ashley has average technical skills but her real strengths lay in visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and in finding financial and political support for these ideas. Ashley is an excellent example of a(n): a. critic. b. sponsor. c. idea champion. d. inventor. e. bureaucrat.

c. idea champion

Ashley has average technical skills but her real strengths lay in visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and in finding financial and political support for these ideas. Ashley is an excellent example of a(n): a. critic. b. sponsor. c. idea champion. d. inventor. e. bureaucrat.

c. idea champion.

Which of the following typically is NOT considered a staff department? a. Strategic planning b. Accounting c. Manufacturing d. Human resources e. Research and development

c. maufacturing

The _____ approach is the most appropriate when users have the power to resist the proposed change. a. negotiation b. top management support c. participation d. coercion e. education

c. participation

The _____ approach is the most appropriate when users have the power to resist the proposed change. a. negotiation b. top management support c. participation d. coercion e. education

c. participation

Jurgen is one of several middle managers sent to a training course on leadership skills. Through this effort, the organization is attempting: a. organization change b. organization development c. people change d. culture change e. artifact change

c. people change

Jurgen is one of several middle managers sent to a training course on leadership skills. Through this effort, the organization is attempting: a. organization change b. organization development c. people change d. culture change e. artifact change

c. people change

All of the following are cognitive biases that can affect manager's judgment, except: a. being influenced by initial impressions. b. justifying past decisions. c. seeing what you don't want to see. d. perpetuating the status quo. e. overconfidence.

c. seeing what you don't want to see

All of the following are cognitive biases that can affect manager's judgment, except: a. being influenced by initial impressions. b. justifying past decisions. c. seeing what you don't want to see. d. perpetuating the status quo. e. overconfidence.

c. seeing what you don't want to see.

A long-term time frame is most closely associated with: a. operational plans. b. tactical plans. c. strategic plans. d. mission plans. e. tactical goals.

c. strategic plans

Jacob, a customer service representative for AB Retailers, has seven levels of management between himself and the company's CEO. In contrast, his friend Rhonda, a customer service representative for YZ Retailers, has only four levels of management between her and the company CEO. Compared to YZ, Jacob's company has what type of organizational structure? a. Narrow b. Wide c. Flat d. Tall e. Identical

d

Job ____ refers to the degree to which the organization's overall task is broken down and divided into smaller component parts. a. delegation b. departmentalization c. organization d. specialization e. decentralization

d

Pizza Deluxe University is an in-house center and education facility that offers broad-based learning opportunities for employees. Pizza Deluxe University would be considered a(n): a. assessment center. b. on-the-job training center. c. orientation center. d. corporate university. e. learning community.

d

Sandbox Sally's, Inc. is making some changes to the work schedules of its employees. Some of the employees are not happy with the changes. As their manager, Harry tells them that they can accept it or leave. What approach to change implementation is Harry using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education

d

Walt works for a large company. Recently, his organization began to contract out such functions as training, engineering, and computer service. This approach is consistent with a _____ structure. a. functional b. team c. divisional d. virtual network e. service

d

Which of the following is a contemporary approach to structural design in departmentalization? a. Functional b. Divisional c. Traditional divisions d. Teams e. Geographic-based

d

Which of the following is not a dividend of workplace diversity? a. Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits. b. Increased understanding of the marketplace. c. Better use of employee talent. d. Increased costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits. e. Enhanced quality of team problem solving.

d

Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics? a. An idea champion b. A sponsor c. A new-venture team d. An idea incubator e. An inventor

d

Which of the following structures is most consistent with a strategy of stability? a. Team based structure b. Organic structure c. Matrix structure d. Functional structure e. Learning structure

d

Which racial or ethnic category currently represents the largest and fastest growing minority group? a. White b. African American c. Asian d. Hispanic e. Native American

d

_____ is a psychological experience of a person who, usually engaged in a task, is aware of a stereotype about his or her identity group suggesting he or she will not perform well on that task. a. Typecast threat b. Discriminatory threat c. Labeling d. Stereotype threat e. Classified threat

d

_____ schedule materials to arrive at a company just as they are needed on the production line. a. Mass customization systems b. LIFO systems c. First-in, first-out systems d. Just-in-time inventory systems e. Last-in, first-out systems

d

Hailey finds that her company is over billing the government for services. She tells her boss, who says he will take care of it, but he does nothing. Hailey tells her government contact. What model of decision making does Hailey's behavior represent? a) Classical b) Nominal c) Hierarchical d) Administrative e) Scientific

d) Administrative

____ may explain why publishers are more likely to publish a children's book by a recognizable celebrity, like Katie Couric, than consider a beautifully illustrated and written book by an unknown author. a) A need to optimize b) A need to control the market c) Synergy d) Bounded rationality e) Equifinality

d) Bounded rationality

Which of the following statements about the classical model of decision making is FALSE? a) All alternatives are known b) Certainty or the ability to create certainty exists c) Rational behavior on the part of decision makers is a given d) Decision makers will be affected by personal preferences e) All aspects of the decision situation will be evaluated

d) Decision makers will be affected by personal preferences

Ford announced that it planned to cut 10 percent of salaried work. The plan involved retirements, reorganization, and eliminations. Which of the following behavioral aspects is most likely to be involved in this decision? a) Intuition b) Escalation of commitment c) Political forces d) Ethics e) Risk propensity

d) Ethics

Circuit City went bankrupt because of a series of poor managerial decisions and a down turn in the economy. In retrospect, it would seem that there was too much emphasis on the group reaching a consensus decision. As a result, many decisions were made to avoid conflict. What disadvantage of group decision making does this represent? a) Coalitions b) Irrationality c) Compromise d) Groupthink e) Dominance

d) Groupthink

Which of the following disadvantages of group decisions typically results from the group being very cohesive? a) Coalitions b) Irrationality c) Compromise d) Groupthink e) Dominance

d) Groupthink

In which stage of the decision-making/problem-solving process is resistance to change most likely to be a problem? a) Developing a set of rational alternatives b) Evaluating the possible alternatives c) Deciding which alternative to implement d) Implementing the chosen alternative e) Recognizing and defining the decision situation

d) Implementing the chosen alternative

A(n) ____ decision-making model describes how decisions are made rather than prescribing how they should be made. a) classical b) nominal c) hierarchical d) administrative e) scientific

d) administrative

Decisions that are unethical may pass one or two decision criteria, but they fail the ____ test. a) feasibility b) satisfactoriness c) affordability d) consequences e) rationality

d) consequences

When top executives work with managers in major divisions or departments to develop their own goals and plans, it is known as _____ planning. a. interdepartmental b. crisis c. focus d. decentralized e. competitive

d. decentralized

Jeff is a top manager at a textile factory. He is developing a crisis plan in the event that the company has a toxic spill or accident. Which of the following should Jeff undertake to prepare for such a crisis? a. Building relationships with neighboring businesses b. Detecting signals from the natural environment c. Polling employees on the likelihood of an environmental disaster d. Designating a crisis management team in the event of an environmental disaster e. Dismantling the company's ties to the external media

d. Designating a crisis management team in the even of an environmental disaster

Jeff is a top manager at a textile factory. He is developing a crisis plan in the event that the company has a toxic spill or accident. Which of the following should Jeff undertake to prepare for such a crisis? a. Building relationships with neighboring businesses b. Detecting signals from the natural environment c. Polling employees on the likelihood of an environmental disaster d. Designating a crisis management team in the event of an environmental disaster e. Dismantling the company's ties to the external media

d. Designating a crisis management team in the event of an environmental disaster

Identify the contribution made by an individual to a psychological contract a. Job security b. Recognition c. Pay d. Effort e. Benefit

d. Effort

A(n) ________ is a market in which several large firms compete according to relatively well-define criteria a. Emerging market b. Niche c. Merged market d. Established market e. Frontier market

d. Established market

A force-field analysis identifies: a. Management potential in existing employees b. Synergy in an organization c. The need for structural change in an organization d. Factors that facilitate and hinder organization change e. The appropriate span of management for an organization

d. Factors that facilitate and hinder organization change

Which of the following structures is most consistent with a strategy of stability? a. Team based structure b. Organic structure c. Matrix structure d. Functional structure e. Learning structure

d. Functional structure

Which of the following structures is most consistent with a strategy of stability? a. Team based structure b. Organic structure c. Matrix structure d. Functional structure e. Learning structure

d. Functional structure

Amelia believes that if she tries hard to eliminate distractions and concentrate on her work, she will learn to do her job more efficiently. Amelia has: a. Low effort-to-performance expectancy b. Moderate performance-to-outcome expectancy c. Low performance-to-outcome expectancy d. High effort-to-performance expectancy e. Moderate effort-to-performance expectancy

d. High effort-to-performance expectancy

Which racial or ethnic category currently represents the largest and fastest growing minority group? a. White b. African American c. Asian d. Hispanic e. Native American

d. Hispanic

Delta Corp. introduced a new set of policies, giving it employees more flexibility in work timings. This decision was made in response to complaints form employees about fatigue. Which step of the rational decision-making process is illustrated in the scenario? a. Defining the situation b. Evaluating the possible alternatives c. Selecting the alternative d. Implementing an alternative e. Evaluating decision effectiveness

d. Implementing an alternative

Which of the following is not a dividend of workplace diversity? a. Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits. b. Increased understanding of the marketplace. c. Better use of employee talent. d. Increased costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits. e. Enhanced quality of team problem solving.

d. Increased costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits.

Which of these is true about the cash cow? a. It generates tremendous profits in a rapidly growing industry. b. It has a small market share in a rapidly growing industry. c. It has a small market share in a slow growth industry. d. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry. e. It is generally a dead business that should be divested.

d. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry

Which of these is true about the cash cow? a. It generates tremendous profits in a rapidly growing industry. b. It has a small market share in a rapidly growing industry. c. It has a small market share in a slow growth industry. d. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry. e. It is generally a dead business that should be divested.

d. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry.

Which of these is true about the cash cow? a. It generates tremendous profits in a rapidly growing industry. b. It has a small market share in a rapidly growing industry. c. It has a small market share in a slow growth industry. d. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry. e. It is generally a dead business that should be divested.

d. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry. Which of the following strategies involves rewarding an employee's innovation? a. Cost leadership *b. Differentiation c. Focus d. Internal growth e. Liquidation

An alternative should be eliminated during evaluation if: a. It is supported by the most number of individuals b. It involves minimal costs c. It is found to have passed the satisfactoriness test d. It has several unaffordable consequences e. It requires minimal resources

d. It has several unaffordable consequences

_____ schedule materials to arrive at a company just as they are needed on the production line. a. Mass customization systems b. LIFO systems c. First-in, first-out systems d. Just-in-time inventory systems e. Last-in, first-out systems

d. Just-in-time inventory systems

Focusing manager and employee efforts on activities that will lead to goal attainment is a benefit of what management method? a. Tactical planning b. Contingency planning c. Single-use planning d. Management by objectives e. Management by walking around

d. Management by objectives

Focusing manager and employee efforts on activities that will lead to goal attainment is a benefit of what management method? a. Tactical planning b. Contingency planning c. Single-use planning d. Management by objectives e. Management by walking around

d. Management by objectives

Which racial or ethnic category currently represents the largest and fastest growing minority group? a. White b. African American c. Asian d. Hispanic e. Native American

d. hispanic

Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of MBO? a. Performance can be improved at all company levels. b. Employees are motivated. c. Efforts are focused on activities that will lead to goal attainment. d. Operational goals are able to displace strategic goals. e. Individual and department goals are aligned with company goals.

d. Operational goals are able to displace strategic goals

Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of MBO? a. Performance can be improved at all company levels. b. Employees are motivated. c. Efforts are focused on activities that will lead to goal attainment. d. Operational goals are able to displace strategic goals. e. Individual and department goals are aligned with company goals.

d. Operational goals are able to displace strategic goals.

Substantive modification to some part of an organization is known as ______ a. Organization synergy b. Organization maturity c. Organization implementation d. Organization change e. Organization entropy

d. Organization change

Of the strategic management functions, which is considered the most fundamental? a. Executing b. Analyzing c. Controlling d. Planning e. Leading

d. Planning

Aside from motivational strategies such as the content perspective, process perspectives, and reinforcement perspectives, an organization's ________ is its most basic tool for managing employee motivation. a. Strategic plan b. Vision statement c. Objective d. Reward system e. Goal

d. Reward system

"The Brain" is a permanent secret group within one of the nation's largest auto manufacturers. Members of this elite group focus intently on developing new and innovative automobile technologies. "The Brain" can best be described as what type of group or team? a. Cross-functional team b. Fast-cycle team c. Brainstorming team d. Skunkwork e. New-venture team

d. Skunkwork

_____ is a psychological experience of a person who, usually engaged in a task, is aware of a stereotype about his or her identity group suggesting he or she will not perform well on that task. a. Typecast threat b. Discriminatory threat c. Labeling d. Stereotype threat e. Classified threat

d. Stereotype threat

Information that provides a reliable and valid reflection of the real world is said to be: a. Accurate b. Complete c. Differentiated d. Systematic e. Dependable

d. Systematic

Jacob, a customer service representative for AB Retailers, has seven levels of management between himself and the company's CEO. In contrast, his friend Rhonda, a customer service representative for YZ Retailers, has only four levels of management between her and the company CEO. Compared to YZ, Jacob's company has what type of organizational structure? a. Narrow b. Wide c. Flat d. Tall e. Identical

d. Tall

Jacob, a customer service representative for AB Retailers, has seven levels of management between himself and the company's CEO. In contrast, his friend Rhonda, a customer service representative for YZ Retailers, has only four levels of management between her and the company CEO. Compared to YZ, Jacob's company has what type of organizational structure? a. Narrow b. Wide c. Flat d. Tall e. Identical

d. Tall

Which of the following is a contemporary approach to structural design in departmentalization? a. Functional b. Divisional c. Traditional divisions d. Teams e. Geographic-based

d. Teams

Riley is a manager at the Tinker Tools. She is expected to make decisions that are in the organization's best economic interests. Her decisions should be based on which of the following models? a. The administrative model of decision making b. The garbage can model of decision making c. The scientific management model of decision making d. The classical model of decision making e. The humanistic model of decision making

d. The classical model of decision making

During the fallout of the global financial crisis of the late 2000s, finance companies had to make important decisions in a highly ambiguous environment. The decision to buyout failed banks could best be described as what type of decision? a. Bounded b. Programmed c. Conventional d. Wicked decision problem e. Irrational decision

d. Wicked decision problem

During the fallout of the global financial crisis of the late 2000s, finance companies had to make important decisions in a highly ambiguous environment. The decision to buyout failed banks could best be described as what type of decision? a. Bounded b. Programmed c. Conventional d. Wicked decision problem e. Irrational decision

d. Wicked decision problem

Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics? a. An idea champion b. A sponsor c. A new-venture team d. An idea incubator e. An inventor

d. an idea incubator

Managers are considered to have a(n) _____ style when they prefer to consider complex solutions based on as much data as they can gather. a. behavioral b. conceptual c. directive d. analytical e. classical

d. analytical

Managers are considered to have a(n) _____ style when they prefer to consider complex solutions based on as much data as they can gather. a. behavioral b. conceptual c. directive d. analytical e. classical

d. analytical

Sandbox Sally's, Inc. is making some changes to the work schedules of its employees. Some of the employees are not happy with the changes. As their manager, Harry tells them that they can accept it or leave. What approach to change implementation is Harry using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education

d. coercion

Pizza Deluxe University is an in-house center and education facility that offers broad-based learning opportunities for employees. Pizza Deluxe University would be considered a(n): a. assessment center. b. on-the-job training center. c. orientation center. d. corporate university. e. learning community.

d. corporate university

Pizza Deluxe University is an in-house center and education facility that offers broad-based learning opportunities for employees. Pizza Deluxe University would be considered a(n): a. assessment center. b. on-the-job training center. c. orientation center. d. corporate university. e. learning community.

d. corporate university.

Which of the following is not a dividend of workplace diversity? a. Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits. b. Increased understanding of the marketplace. c. Better use of employee talent. d. Increased costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits. e. Enhanced quality of team problem solving.

d. increased costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits

_____ schedule materials to arrive at a company just as they are needed on the production line. a. Mass customization systems b. LIFO systems c. First-in, first-out systems d. Just-in-time inventory systems e. Last-in, first-out systems

d. just-in-time inventories

"The Brain" is a permanent secret group within one of the nation's largest auto manufacturers. Members of this elite group focus intently on developing new and innovative automobile technologies. "The Brain" can best be described as what type of group or team? a. Cross-functional team b. Fast-cycle team c. Brainstorming team d. Skunkwork e. New-venture team

d. skunkwork

_____ is a psychological experience of a person who, usually engaged in a task, is aware of a stereotype about his or her identity group suggesting he or she will not perform well on that task. a. Typecast threat b. Discriminatory threat c. Labeling d. Stereotype threat e. Classified threat

d. stereotype threat

Which of the following is a contemporary approach to structural design in departmentalization? a. Functional b. Divisional c. Traditional divisions d. Teams e. Geographic-based

d. teams

Riley is a manager at the Tinker Tools. She is expected to make decisions that are in the organization's best economic interests. Her decisions should be based on which of the following models? a. The administrative model of decision making b. The garbage can model of decision making c. The scientific management model of decision making d. The classical model of decision making e. The humanistic model of decision making

d. the classical model of decision making

Bobby, a product manager, wants to increase the market share of his product. He is unsure about how to go about it, not knowing for sure how costs, price, the competition, and the quality of his product will interact to influence market share. Bobby is operating under a condition of: a. risk. b. ambiguity. c. certainty. d. uncertainty. e. brainstorming.

d. uncertainty

Bobby, a product manager, wants to increase the market share of his product. He is unsure about how to go about it, not knowing for sure how costs, price, the competition, and the quality of his product will interact to influence market share. Bobby is operating under a condition of: a. risk. b. ambiguity. c. certainty. d. uncertainty. e. brainstorming.

d. uncertainty.

Walt works for a large company. Recently, his organization began to contract out such functions as training, engineering, and computer service. This approach is consistent with a _____ structure. a. functional b. team c. divisional d. virtual network e. service

d. virtual network

Walt works for a large company. Recently, his organization began to contract out such functions as training, engineering, and computer service. This approach is consistent with a _____ structure. a. functional b. team c. divisional d. virtual network e. service

d. virtual network

Of the strategic management functions, which is considered the most fundamental? a. Executing b. Analyzing c. Controlling d. Planning e. Leading

d.planning

Of the strategic management functions, which is considered the most fundamental? a: executing b: analyzing c: controlling d: planning e: leading

d: planning

With _____ decision authority is pushed downward to lower organization levels.

decentralization

When top executives work with managers in major divisions or departments to develop their own goals and plans, it is known as _____ planning. a. interdepartmental b. crisis c. focus d. decentralized e. competitive

decentralized

A group of planning specialists assigned to major departments and divisions to help managers develop their own strategic plans is called _____.

decentralized planning staff

A(n) _____ is a choice made from available alternatives.

decision

. The process of choosing one alternative from among a set of alternatives is called _____.

decision making

Before the space shuttle Columbia launched, its crew knew there was great risk in venturing into space and returning. The crew even talked about their desire for the shuttle program to continue should something happen to them. This is an example of

decision making under certainty

The U.S. government has never faltered on its debt payments. Investing in treasury bills is an example of

decision making under certainty

When the manager knows what the alternatives are and the probabilities associated with each alternative are guaranteed, the manager is experiencing

decision making under certainty

When the manager understands the available options but the probabilities associated with each option are uncertain, the manager is experiencing

decision making under risk

The manager who has difficulty identifying alternatives and assessing their probabilities is experiencing

decision making under uncertainty

the manager who has difficulty identifying alternatives and assessing their probabilites is experiencing what? A. risk B. uncertainty C. certainty D. probability E. rationality

decision making under uncertainty

Differences among people with respect to how they perceive problems and make decisions is called _____.

decision style

A(n) _____ is a choice made from available alternatives.

decisions

_____ is the process managers use to transfer authority and responsibility to positions below them in the hierarchy.

delegation

GE determined it could better service its customers by implementing a quality initiative called six- sigma. Its first step is this process would be to a. get top management support for the plan. b. develop goals and a strategy for this reengineering. c. create a sense of urgency among its employees. d. optimize the availability of potentially necessary reengineering resources. e. hire a change agent.

develop goals and a strategy for this reengineering

The first stage of the organizational innovation process is a. growing. b. applying. c. launching. d. developing. e. managing.

developing

A(n) _____ is assigned the role of challenging the assumptions and assertions made by the group.

devils advocate

The step in the decision making process in which managers analyze the underlying causal factors associated with the situation is called _____.

diagnosis

The members of the various boards of a church gathered information about the church in several ways: conducting surveys, holding meetings, interviewing church staff, and examining minutes of past church meetings. This is an example of the OD intervention technique known as a. intergroup activities. b. technostructural activities. c. third-party peacemaking. d. diagnostic activities. e. process consultation.

diagnostic activities

Andrea has worked in the marketing department for 27 years. She knows the history and successes of the office better than any other employee. When change is suggested, she is reluctant because she remembers accomplishments related to the current way of doing things. As a result of ____, she is resistant to change. a. feelings of loss b. different perceptions c. participation d. facilitation e. uncertainty

different perceptions

Which of the following is an explanation of the resistance to change that a worker might feel because the worker disagrees with management that the type of change selected will be best for the organization in the long-run? a. Threatened self-interests b. Uncertainty c. Participation d. Different perceptions e. Feelings of loss

different perceptions

Which of the following strategies involves rewarding an employee's innovation? a. Cost leadership b. Differentiation c. Focus d. Internal growth e. Liquidation

differentiation

All of the following are Porter's competitive forces except: a. differentiation. b. potential new entrants. c. bargaining power of suppliers. d. bargaining power of buyers. e. threat of substitute products.

differentiation.

All of the following are Porter's competitive forces except: a. bargaining power of suppliers. b. differentiation. c. potential new entrants. d. bargaining power of buyers. e. threat of substitute produc

differentiation.

Managers who use a(n) _____ style are efficient and rational and prefer to rely on existing rules or procedures for making decisions.

directive

_____ is the hiring or promoting of applicants based on criteria that are not job relevant.

discrimination

_____ are the aspects of business that a firm performs better than other companies in the same industry.

distinctive competencies

The purpose of _____ is to expand the firm's business operations to produce new kinds of valuable products and services?

diversification

One advantage of group decision making is

diversity of members' backgrounds

. In a BCG matrix, _____ are businesses that have a very small share of a market that is not expected to grow.

dogs

Rightsizing is also known as _____.

downsizing

. Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n)_____ type of organization. a. experimental organization b. cooperative organization c. entrepreneurial organization d. disruptive organization e. creative organization

e

All of the following are advantages of a divisional structure, except: a. high concern for customers' needs. b. fast response, flexibility in an unstable environment. c. emphasis on overall product and division goals. d. development of general management skills. e. there is little duplication of services across divisions.

e

High-Low Productions recently appointed 75 employees and external stakeholders to a temporary group that would discuss problems and opportunities, and would gather perspectives on changes that need to take place within the company. High-Low Productions is utilizing which organizational change tool? a. Organizational development b. Skunkwork c. Telecommuting d. Focus group e. Large-group intervention

e

Sandra, a human resources manager at an advertising firm, is currently in the process of determining the value and worth of advertising executive positions within the agency. This is referred to as: a. compensation. b. rightsizing. c. wage and salary surveying. d. incentive pay. e. job evaluation.

e

Smileline Inc. has an onsite daycare facility and provides employees fulltime daycare at a very low cost. The company implemented this years ago when managers realized that childcare responsibilities were contributing to high turnover and absenteeism. This example highlights which dividend of workplace diversity? a. Better use of employee talent b. Increased understanding of the marketplace c. Increased quality of team problem solving d. Enhanced breadth of understanding in leadership positions e. Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits

e

Some employers have instituted a(n) ____. This allows employees, within limits, to choose a benefit package that best suits their own needs. a. incentive pay system b. performance appraisal system c. all-salary compensation system d. select plan e. cafeteria benefits plan

e

Which of the following is a common disadvantage inherent in product, customer, and location departmentalization? a. Decision making is slowed. b. Managers are unable to delegate as much. c. It is difficult to pinpoint the cause of failures. d. The organization tends to become more centralized. e. Administrative costs tend to rise due to an increase in the size of staff.

e

Which of the following is inappropriate to ask on an employment application? a. If the applicant is over 18 b. Where the applicant went to school c. If the applicant has ever been convicted of a crime d. Whether the applicant has any disabilities that might inhibit job performance e. Applicant's ancestry/ethnicity

e

The term ____ suggests that there must be a clear and unbroken line of authority and responsibility from the lowest to the highest position. a. autonomy b. delegation c. chain of command d. unity of command e. scalar principle

e or chain of command

Decision making is a part of which management function? a) Planning b) Organizing c) Controlling d) Leading e) All of these choices

e) All of these choices

The decision that the manager makes using the behavioral model of decision making... a) is made with imperfect information b) has an incomplete set of alternatives c) uses bounded rationality d) requires the manager to engage in satisficing e) All of these choices

e) All of these choices

Herbert Simon noted that managers generally fail to make rational decisions because they are limited by their own values, skills, habits, and unconscious reflexes as well as by incomplete information. What name did Simon give this phenomenon? a) Decision framing b) Satisficing c) Escalation of commitment d) Innovation e) Bounded rationality

e) Bounded rationality

Managers at LEO Corporation scrutinize problems until they have all of the information they feel they need to make a decision and discuss every alternative while focusing on facts and eliminating assumptions. Which decision-making model does this most closely resemble? a) Linear b) Hierarchical c) Administrative d) Behavioral e) Classical

e) Classical

The last step of the rational decision-making process is most closely related to which function of management? a) Planning b) Organizing c) Staffing d) Leading e) Controlling

e) Controlling

A Delphi group is not used daily because it has disadvantages. Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage? a) Time b) Expense c) Logistics d) Process e) Expert cooperation

e) Expert cooperation

Charlie feels each of the alternatives is basically the same. He decides based on his gut feeling. Which of the behavioral factors that influence decision making does Charlie's behavior reflect? a) The optimization principle b) The iceberg principle c) Synergy d) Empathy e) Intuition

e) Intuition

Which of the following statements does NOT describe a characteristic of the nominal group technique? a) Members are not free to talk to one another b) Members individually write down their suggested alternatives c) Alternatives are listed on a flip chart d) The alternative with the most votes is the solution e) Members verbally vote for their first choice

e) Members verbally vote for their first choice

Which of the following is NOT a behavioral force that influences decision making? a) Intuition b) Coalitions c) Risk propensity d) Ethics e) Optimization

e) Optimization

____ is the selection of the first minimally acceptable alternative. a) Optimization b) Intuitive decision making c) Bounded rationality d) Escalation of commitment e) Satisficing

e) Satisficing

Most of the significant decisions in contemporary organizations are made under which decision-making condition? a) Probability b) Risk c) Certainty d) Rationality e) Uncertainty

e) Uncertainty

Under which decision-making condition is the decision maker unaware of all the alternatives and the risks and consequences associated with each alternative? a) Probability b) Risk c) Certainty d) Rationality e) Uncertainty

e) Uncertainty

Before the space shuttle Columbia launched, its crew knew there was great risk in venturing into space and returning. The crew even talked about their desire for the shuttle program to continue should something happen to them. This is an example of... a) decision making under certainty b) decision making under absolute certainty c) decision making under risk d) decision making under unrealistic conditions e) decision making under uncertainty

e) decision making under uncertainty

When Eric selected Janine for the marketing position, he had a feeling she would fit into the culture of the department. Eric used ____ to fill the position. a) the optimization principle b) the iceberg principle c) synergy d) empathy e) intuition

e) intuition

Sy.Med Development, Inc. is the only company that has credentialing application software for physicians and managed care organizations. Credentialing applications must be submitted to each insurance provider annually and can be a very labor-intensive process. Sy.Med is the only company that has developed such software, and it provides complete support for the software. A physician's office in Montana that wants to buy or use the software would be making the purchase decision... a) with bounded rationality b) under risk c) under uncertainty d) with a satisficing result e) under certainty

e) under certainty

A satisfied employee tends to be: a. Disrupted from work b. Less productive c. Looking for other jobs d. More stressed e. Absent less often

e. Absent less often

Which of the following is inappropriate to ask on an employment application? a. If the applicant is over 18 b. Where the applicant went to school c. If the applicant has ever been convicted of a crime d. Whether the applicant has any disabilities that might inhibit job performance e. Applicant's ancestry/ethnicity

e. Applicant's ancestry/ethnicity

Which of the following is inappropriate to ask on an employment application? a. If the applicant is over 18 b. Where the applicant went to school c. If the applicant has ever been convicted of a crime d. Whether the applicant has any disabilities that might inhibit job performance e. Applicant's ancestry/ethnicity

e. Applicants ancestry/ethnicity

Finance managers at Big Bend Inc. made a financial blunder when they solely looked at the previous year's sales to estimate sales for the coming year. Of which management bias is this an example? a. Being influenced by emotions b. Perpetuating the status quo c. Seeing what you want to see d. Justifying past actions e. Being influenced by initial impressions

e. Being influenced by initial impressions

_________ is a concept suggesting that decision makers are limited by their values and unconscious reflexes, skills, and habits. a. Satisficing b. Escalation of commitment c. Risk propensity d. Groupthink e. Bounded rationality

e. Bounded rationality

A budget that deals with costs of major assets such as a new plant, machinery, or land is known as a _______ budget. a. Revenue b. Balance sheet c. Cash flow d. Expense e. Capital expenditures

e. Capital expenditures

Punishment involves the use of ________ power a. Legitimate b. Reward c. Reference d. Expert e. Coercive

e. Coercive

When trying to overcome the resistance for change, which approach is best suited when change is technical? a. Coercion b. Top management support c. Negotiation d. Participation e. Communication

e. Communication

The final step in the control process is: a. Establishing standards b. Expressing standards in measurable terms c. Measuring performance d. Comparing performance against standards e. Considering corrective action

e. Considering corrective action

Libra Travels LLC has a few back-up buses at key locations where the business operates. This is to be prepared in case any of its day-tour buses break down. This is an example of a: a. Project b. Program c. Regualtion d. Single-use plan e. Contingency plan

e. Contingency plan

A(n) _______ compares different elements of a balance sheet or an income statement to one another. a. Expense budget b. Profit budget c. Internal audit d. Operation budget e. Financial ratio

e. Financial ratio

A shift supervisor in a department store is a member of a(n): a. Interest group b. Problem-soliving team c. Virtual team d. Task group e. Functional group

e. Functional group

Which of the following is not one of Porter's 5-forces? a. Competitive rivalry b. New entrants c. Bargaining power of suppliers d. Bargaining power of buyers e. Government regulation

e. Government regulation

A(n) _____ occurs when a mangers allows the assessment of an employee on one dimension to read to ratings of that employee on other dimensions a. Recency error b. Average error c. Validation error d. Source monitoring error e. Halo error

e. Halo error

The set of activities directed at attracting, developing, and maintaining an effective workforce is called _______ a. Operation management b. Organization development c. Relationship management d. Enterprise feedback management e. Human resource management

e. Human resource management

In the Myers-Briggs framework, people who enjoy completion or being finished are typically categorized as ________ a. Intuitives b. Sensing types c. Thinking individuals d. Feeling individuals e. Judging types

e. Judging types

High-Low Productions recently appointed 75 employees and external stakeholders to a temporary group that would discuss problems and opportunities, and would gather perspectives on changes that need to take place within the company. High-Low Productions is utilizing which organizational change tool? a. Organizational development b. Skunkwork c. Telecommuting d. Focus group e. Large-group intervention

e. Large-group intervention

Robin Plastics Inc. recently set up a new strategic business unit. The company made changes in the area of _______ a. Technology and operations b. Social structure c. People d. Task environment e. Organization structure and design

e. Organization structure and design

Determining how a company's activities and resources are to be grouped is called _________. a. Leading b. Controlling c. Deskilling d. Planning e. Organizing

e. Organizing

Postaction control is applied to ________. a. Resources b. Transformation processes c. Subsystems d. Controllers e. Outputs

e. Outputs

Which of the following is a commonly-cited limitation of planning? a. Plans limit employee motivation and commitment. b. Plans make resource allocation more difficult. c. Plans make it more difficult to measure standards of performance. d. Plans boost intuition and creativity. e. Plans can create a false sense of security

e. Plans can create a false sense of security

Which of the following is a commonly-cited limitation of planning? a. Plans limit employee motivation and commitment. b. Plans make resource allocation more difficult. c. Plans make it more difficult to measure standards of performance. d. Plans boost intuition and creativity. e. Plans can create a false sense of security.

e. Plans can create a false sense of security

Which of the following is a commonly-cited limitation of planning? a. Plans limit employee motivation and commitment. b. Plans make resource allocation more difficult. c. Plans make it more difficult to measure standards of performance. d. Plans boost intuition and creativity. e. Plans can create a false sense of security.

e. Plans can create a false sense of security.

The _____ model closely resembles the real environment in which most managers and decision-makers operate. a. normative b. administrative c. descriptive d. classical e. political

e. Political

A(n) _______ is a single-use plan for a large set of activities. It might consist of identifying procedures for introducing a new product line, opening a new facility, or changing the organization's mission. a. Policy b. Entropy c. Regulation d. Project e. Program

e. Program

Nelson recently attended an interview where the HR manager showed him a video of an ordinary work day in the organization and explained in detain the expectation of the job. The HR manager also explained about the criteria for promotions in the company. Although some of the information did not appeal to Nelson, he was sure about what to expect from the job and the company. The organization used the _______ method in the interview a. Affirmative action b. Training and development c. Job enlargement d. Job specialization e. Realistic Job preview

e. Realistic Job preview

Smileline Inc. has an onsite daycare facility and provides employees fulltime daycare at a very low cost. The company implemented this years ago when managers realized that childcare responsibilities were contributing to high turnover and absenteeism. This example highlights which dividend of workplace diversity? a. Better use of employee talent b. Increased understanding of the marketplace c. Increased quality of team problem solving d. Enhanced breadth of understanding in leadership positions e. Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits

e. Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits

Which of the following statements is true about the service industry? a. The service industry provides no scope for developing niche strategies b. The service sector is dominated by large companies that prevent small businesses from entering the industry c. The service industry provides low returns on the time invested d. Service businesses require more resources than any other industry e. Service businesses are the fastest-growing segment of small-business enterprise

e. Service businesses are the fastest-growing segment of small-business enterprise

Which of the following approaches to negotiation focuses on the context within which negotiation takes place? a. Cognitive approach b. Game theory c. Demographic characteristics d. Individual differences e. Situational characteristics

e. Situational characteristics

The plan of action that prescribes resource allocation and other activities for dealing with the environment and helping the organization attain its goals is known as a(n): a. goal. b. objective. c. mission. d. vision. e. strategy.

e. Strategy

Identify an advantage of a franchising agreement a. The franchiser gets all the profits made by the franchisee venture b. The franchisee has scope for innovation and can modify products c. The franchiser does not have to help the franchisee manage the venture d. The franchisee does not have to pay a start-up cost e. The franchiser can grow rapidly from franchising agreements

e. The franchiser can grow rapidly from franchising agreements

In the context of the job characteristics approach, skill variety refers to: a. The extent to which a worker knows how well the job is being performed b. The degree of control a worker has over how the work is performed c. The perceived importance of a task d. The extent to which a worker does a complete or identifiable portion of the total job e. The number of things a person does in a job

e. The number of things a person does in a job

All of the following are advantages of a divisional structure, except: a. high concern for customers' needs. b. fast response, flexibility in an unstable environment. c. emphasis on overall product and division goals. d. development of general management skills. e. there is little duplication of services across divisions.

e. There is little duplication of services across divisions

Intranets differ from extranets in that: a. They allow selected suppliers outside the company limited access to an organization's internal information system. b. They allow the exchange of malls c. They do not use firewalls d. They are used for inter-organizational transactions e. They do not allow outsiders access to an organization's internal organization system

e. They do not allow outsiders access to an organization's internal organization system

Finance managers at Big Bend Inc. made a financial blunder when they solely looked at the previous year's sales to estimate sales for the coming year. Of which management bias is this an example? a. Being influenced by emotions b. Perpetuating the status quo c. Seeing what you want to see d. Justifying past actions e. Being influenced by initial impressions

e. being influence by initial impressions

As a top manager, Joanna works with others within her team every day in making important corporate decisions. Her preferred decision-making approach is to generate as many alternatives to problems as possible in a short amount of time. This approach is referred to as: a. groupthink b. devil's advocacy.c. point-counterpoint.d. escalating commitment. e. brainstorming.

e. brainstorming

As a top manager, Joanna works with others within her team every day in making important corporate decisions. Her preferred decision-making approach is to generate as many alternatives to problems as possible in a short amount of time. This approach is referred to as: a. groupthink. b. devil's advocacy. c. point-counterpoint. d. escalating commitment. e. brainstorming.

e. brainstorming.

When trying to overcome the resistance for change, which approach is best suited when change is technical? a. Coercion b. Top management support c. Negotiation d. Participation e. Communication

e. communication

Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n)_____ type of organization. a. experimental organization b. cooperative organization c. entrepreneurial organization d. disruptive organization e. creative organization

e. creative organization

Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n)_____ type of organization. a. experimental organization b. cooperative organization c. entrepreneurial organization d. disruptive organization e. creative organization

e. creative organization

The tendency of organizations to invest time and money in a solution despite strong evidence that is not appropriate is referred to as: a. technological decisions. b. collective intuition. c. decision learning. d. team delay. e. escalating commitment.

e. escalating commitment.

Sandra, a human resources manager at an advertising firm, is currently in the process of determining the value and worth of advertising executive positions within the agency. This is referred to as: a. compensation. b. rightsizing. c. wage and salary surveying. d. incentive pay. e. job evaluation.

e. job evaluation

Sandra, a human resources manager at an advertising firm, is currently in the process of determining the value and worth of advertising executive positions within the agency. This is referred to as: a. compensation. b. rightsizing. c. wage and salary surveying. d. incentive pay. e. job evaluation.

e. job evaluation.

High-Low Productions recently appointed 75 employees and external stakeholders to a temporary group that would discuss problems and opportunities, and would gather perspectives on changes that need to take place within the company. High-Low Productions is utilizing which organizational change tool? a. Organizational development b. Skunkwork c. Telecommuting d. Focus group e. Large-group intervention

e. large-group intervention

The _____ delineates the chain of command, indicates departmental tasks and how they fit together, and provides order and logic for the organization. a. management chart b. employee directory c. structural table d. administrative chart e. organizational chart

e. organizational chart

The _____ delineates the chain of command, indicates departmental tasks and how they fit together, and provides order and logic for the organization. a. management chart b. employee directory c. structural table d. administrative chart e. organizational chart

e. organizational chart

The _____ model closely resembles the real environment in which most managers and decision-makers operate. a. normative b. administrative c. descriptive d. classical e. political

e. political

Smileline Inc. has an onsite daycare facility and provides employees fulltime daycare at a very low cost. The company implemented this years ago when managers realized that childcare responsibilities were contributing to high turnover and absenteeism. This example highlights which dividend of workplace diversity? a. Better use of employee talent b. Increased understanding of the marketplace c. Increased quality of team problem solving d. Enhanced breadth of understanding in leadership positions e. Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits

e. reduced costs associated with high turnover absenteeism and lawsuits

The plan of action that prescribes resource allocation and other activities for dealing with the environment and helping the organization attain its goals is known as a(n): a. goal. b. objective. c. mission. d. vision. e. strategy.

e. strategy.

All of the following are advantages of a divisional structure, except: a. high concern for customers' needs. b. fast response, flexibility in an unstable environment. c. emphasis on overall product and division goals. d. development of general management skills. e. there is little duplication of services across divisions.

e. there is little duplication of services across divisions.

Rajan is trying to adopt more automated equipment in his soda bottling facility, and workers are resisting the change. When Rajan decides to hold a meeting to explain to workers how the change will be beneficial to them, he is using ____ as a means of overcoming resistance to change. a. participation b. force-field analysis c. division of labor d. education e. feelings of loss

education

After the 2006 Congressional elections, President Bush announced a troop increase in Iraq in an attempt to speed up withdrawal. His plan encountered strong resistance. The Administration used ____ to try to change the minds of their opposition. a. participation b. force-field analysis c. education and communication d. facilitation e. all of these

education and communication

The best alternative is the most ____ alternative

effective

The best alternative is the most ____ alternative.

effective

In the reengineering process, the first step is setting goals and developing a strategy. The second step is a. starting with a clean slate to re-create the organization. b. emphasizing top management's commitment to reengineering. c. implementing the chosen strategy across the organization. d. optimizing top-down and bottom-up perspectives. e. creating a sense of urgency among managers.

emphasizing top management's commitment to reengineering

A(n) _____, rather than promoting a product or service, promotes the organization as a great place to work.

employer brand

It is important to follow up and evaluate the effectiveness of a decision to

ensure that the decision achieves the desired result

Jason has started a restaurant of his own. He makes all the major operational decisions and is completely liable for the profits and losses the restaurant makes. Jason is most likely to be a(n):

entrepreneur

The normal process within an organization that leads to a system decline is known as a. reengineering. b. synergy. c. process change. d. innovation. e. entropy.

entropy

If you make a decision that does not turn out as planned Warren Buffet advises, "When you find yourself in a hole, stop digging." What behavioral influence on decision making does this advice attempt to prevent?

escalation of commitment

Renee made a bad decision. She stays with it, trying to convince others it was a good decision. This is an example of

escalation of commitment

William invested in an initial public offering. After a month he lost 5 percent. After a year he lost 50 percent. After two years he lost 80 percent. William's decision to keep the investment is an example of

escalation of commitment

YouTube was operating at a loss when Google bought it. Three years later it was still operating at a lose. Google may have experienced ____.

escalation of commitment

A company has set an objective to increase its product sales by 50 percent in the next two years. Identify the step of the organization change process of the company.

establishment of goals for the change

The CEO of Andre's Autos, Inc. must do all of the planning for the company because that is the way to do things in today's workplace

false

RIM knows there are less apps for Blackberry than there are for Apple, Android phones. RIM wants to close the gap by 10% in one year. RIM is in which step in the change process? a. Recognition of the need for change b. Establishment of goals for the change c. Selection of appropriate change technique d. Actual implementation e. Evaluation and follow-up

establishment of goals for the change

The term _____ refers to an individual's personal beliefs about whether a behavior, action, or decision is right or wrong.

ethics

The belief that one's own group or subculture is inherently superior to other groups or cultures is known as _____.

ethnocentrism

_____ is the belief that groups and subcultures are inherently equal.

ethnorelativism

_____ decision making involves a commitment to making more informed and intelligent decisions based on the best available facts and evidence.

evidence-based

Reengineering is needed when an organization a. experiences entropy. b. is dominant in its market. c. changes its technology rapidly. d. wants to improve employee morale. e. wants to gradually change aspects of its structure.

experiences entropy

Recession is a(n) ____ force for change. a. internal b. managerial c. technical d. radical e. external

external

Unions negotiating for higher wages is a(n) ____ force for change. a. internal b. managerial c. external d. radical e. technical

external

When Amazon lowered the price of Kindle, Barnes and Noble lowered the price of Nook. This is an example of a(n) ____ force for change. a. internal b. managerial c. external d. radical e. technical

external

guild went on strike example of

external force for organizational change

Paramount, Inc. is particularly concerned about pending legislation in Congress that would further regulate their organization. This legislation would be classified as a(n) _____. a. internal strength b. external opportunity-wrong c. external weakness d. congressional chaos e. external threat

external threat

Paramount, Inc. is particularly concerned about pending legislation in Congress that would further regulate their organization. This legislation would be classified as a(n) _____.

external threat.Paramount, Inc. is particularly concerned about pending legislation in Congress that would further regulate their organization. This legislation would be classified as a(n) external threat

A force field analysis identifies a. management potential in existing employees. b. differing perceptions among future employees. c. differing perceptions among managers regarding structural change. d. factors that facilitate and hinder organization change. e. the appropriate span of management for an organization.

factors that facilitate and hinder organization change

4. A broad definition of the organization's values, aspiration and reason for being, along with a recognition of the scope and operations that distinguishes the organization refers to a business plan.

false

Competitive advantage refers to the set of decisions and actions used to formulate and implement strategies.

false

Cost leadership is a type of competitive strategy with which the organization seeks to distinguish its products or services from that of competitors.

false

Defining operational goals and plans occurs in the execution phase of the organizational planning process.

false

Executives acquire information about external opportunities and strengths from a variety of reports, including budgets, financial ratios, profit and loss statements, and surveys of employee attitudes and satisfaction.

false

Front-line managers have the final responsibility for strategic planning.

false

Goals should be easy for employees to feel motivated so that they can achieve them easily, which in turn increases their motivation level.

false

One of the biggest benefits of planning is that, in turbulent environments, plans create greater organizational flexibility.

false

Operational plans and goals are those that focus on the outcomes that major divisions and departments must achieve in order for the organization to reach its overall goals.

false

The BCG (Boston Consulting Group) matrix evaluates SBUs with respect to their business growth rate and geographical location.

false

In most change situations, there are factors that will make the job of change more difficult and others that seem to ease the change process. The process by which the manager identifies and then eliminates as many of the forces against change as possible is called a. facilitation. b. implementation. c. force-field analysis. d. participative development. e. communication and education.

force field analysis

in most change situations, there are factors that make the change process more difficult and others that seem to ease the process. The process by which a manager identifies these factors and then tries to tip the balance so that the factors facilitating the change outweigh those hindering the change is called _____.

force-field analysis

A(n) ______ structure is the grouping of positions into departments based on similar skills, expertise, and resource use.

functional

Common purpose

gives everyone an understanding of the organization's reason for being

The invisible barrier that separates women and minorities from top management positions is known as the _____.

glass ceiling

The invisible barrier that separates women and minorities from top management positions is known as the _____.

glass-ceilling

A disadvantage of using interacting groups to make decisions is

group politics

A disadvantage of using interacting groups to make decisions is: A. void of expert opinion B. too much brainstorming C. Group politics D. Faster decision making

group politics

Caving into peer pressure is a disadvantage of ____

groupthink

​_____ is a situation that occurs when a group or team's desire for consensus and cohesiveness overwhelms its desire to reach the best possible decision.

groupthink

Division of labor:

having discrete parts of a task done by different people

not a reason employees are resistant to chang

high inclination towards risk

_____ refers to the economic value of the knowledge, experience, skills, and capabilities of employees.

human capital

The _____ function recruits selects, trains, transfers, promotes, and lays off employees to achieve strategic goals.

human resource

The _____ stage involves the use of managerial, administrative, and persuasive abilities to ensure that the chosen alternative is carried out.

implementation

According to the Lewin model, building a new plant in Texas is an example of which step in the change process? a. Unfreezing b. Process change c. Reengineering d. Implementing the change e. Refreezing

implementing the change

Studies of the organization change process found that participation a. reduces the need for communication. b. encourages employees to adopt differing perceptions. c. increases productivity and cooperation. d. increases productivity but has no effect on cooperation. e. leads to higher training costs.

increases productivity and cooperation

_____ is the managed effort of an organization to develop new products or services or new uses for existing products or services

innovation

Which of these is true about the cash cow? a. It generates tremendous profits in a rapidly growing industry. b. It has a small market share in a rapidly growing industry. c. It has a small market share in a slow growth industry. d. It has a large market share in a slow growth industry. e. It is generally a dead business that should be divested.

it has a large market share in a slow growth industry.

The systematic process of gathering and interpreting information about essential duties refers to _____.

job analysis

_____ assess what is important to the organization and how well the organization is progressing toward attaining its strategic goal.

key performance indicators

The star has a

large market share in a rapidly growing industry.

The introduction of BlackBerry Torch featured the new BlackBerry 6 operating system. RIM, maker of BlackBerry was in the ____ phase of the innovation process. a. development b. launch c. growth d. maturity e. decline

launch

Human resources at Pfizer helps identify top performers who are eligible for a special program that helps them set goals and map their future career. Pfizer is using the OD technique a. technostructural activities. b. life and career planning. c. team building. d. coaching and counseling. e. third-party peacemaking.

life and career planning

In the BCG matrix, the dog has _____ market share and _____ business growth rate.

low; low

Hierarchy of authority:

making sure the right people do the right things at the right time (unity of command)

can be defined as a set of activities directed at an organization's resources, with the aim of achieving organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner.

management

_____ is a method whereby managers and employees define goals for every department, project, and person and use them to monitor subsequent performance.

management by objectives

Focusing manager and employee efforts on activities that will lead to goal attainment is a benefit of what management method?

management-by-objective

Who among the following is most likely to be an entrepreneur?

mariam has taken a loan to fund her new cafe

The _____ combines aspects of both functional and divisional structures simultaneously, in the same part of the organization.

matrix approach

During which phase of the organizational innovation process do most organizations have access to an innovation and apply it in the same way? a. Development b. Maturity c. Launch d. Growth e. Application

maturity

Which of the following exemplifies the first step in the comprehensive organization change model described in the text? a. Setting standards for a new absenteeism control procedure b. Noticing that the pension fund has less cash in it than needed to provide the guaranteed employee benefits c. Determining the probable causes of a recently detected drop in the level of employee job satisfaction d. Investigating different techniques for enhancing employee job satisfaction e. Planning a set of meetings to help employees understand the procedures in the company's new quality program

noticing that the pension fund has less cash in it than needed to provide the guaranteed employee benefits

The first step in using the Delphi procedure is to

obtain the cooperation of a panel of experts

central tendency error

occurs when a rater gives all the workers the same rating to avoid conflict

_____ implies that women's commitment to their children limits their commitment to the company or their ability to handle the rigors of corporate management.

opt-out-trend

e. Substantive modification to some part of an organization is known as _____.

organization change

The visual representation of an organization's structure is called the _____.

organization chart

Substantive modification of any part of an organization is known as a. organization development. b. organizing. c. organization implementation. d. organization change. e. organizational structure.

organizational change

The application of behavioral science knowledge to improve an organization's health and effectiveness is known as _____ .

organizational development

Determining how a company's activities and resources are to be grouped is called _____.

organizing

_____ is incentive pay that ties at least part of compensation to employee effort and performance.

pay-for-performance

When compared to flat organizations, tall organizations:

place excessive responsibilities on managers

A blueprint specifying the resource allocations schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals is referred to as a(n): a. goal. b. plan. c. mission. d. vision. e. objective.

plan

A(n) _____ is a blueprint for goal achievement and specifies the necessary resource allocations, schedules, tasks, and other actions.

plan

Ford started offering driving sessions to Vietnamese customers. This is an example of ____ change. a. reactive b. planned c. external d. radical e. technical

planned

Of the strategic management functions, which is considered the most fundamental? a. Executing b. Analyzing c. Controlling d. Planning e. Leading

planning

in its simplest form, _____ means setting an organization's goals and deciding how best to achieve them.

planning

_____ means that an organization accommodates several subcultures, including employees who would otherwise feel isolated and ignored.

pluralism

How business units and product lines fit together in a logical way is the essence of:

portfolio strategy.How business units and product lines fit together in a logical way is the essence of: portfolia

An example of a force for change in the task environment of an organization is _____.

pricing strategies of competitors

Ford wanted to expand in the Vietnam market where motor bikes are the primary form of transportation. Ford started offering drivers training sessions to establish a reputation for safety and quality. This is a ____ innovation. a. process b. technical c. radical d. mechanical e. managerial

process

Broadcasters and musicians are pushing Congress to require cell phone makers to include FM radio capability. If the cell phones change it would be a ____ innovation. a. product b. process c. radical d. mechanical e. managerial

product

A(n) ____ is usually a middle manager who learns about a new product or service idea and becomes committed to it. This manager helps the inventor overcome resistance to change and convinces others to take the innovation seriously. a. product champion b. inventor c. sponsor d. venture capitalist e. transformational leader

product champion

Computers scan items when they are purchased. Most inventory decisions are now

programmed

Decisions that are routine and deal with situations in which the factors are familiar and have occurred in the past are called ____ decisions.

programmed

Decisions that are routine and deal with situations in which the factors are familiar and have occurred in the past are called _____ decisions. A. nonprogrammed B. programmed C. rational D. satisfying E. Risk Assessment

programmed

Students in management 101 sit in the same place every class even though they are not assigned, this is an example of....? A. nonprogrammed B. programmed C. rational D. satisfying E. noninnovative

programmed

Zaheer is a nurse. When his alarm goes off at 6:00 a.m. each morning. He puts on his uniform and drives to work on the same route each day. This is an example of a(n) ____ decision.

programmed

A(n) _____ is a person who is responsible for coordinating the activities of several departments for the completion of a specific project.

project manager

not one of the 5 key principles to help maintian effective communition

provide resources to alleviate the indiviudal's responisibiltiy

not included in job descirption

qualifications required of the current job holder

The Kindle was the first eReader. It was a(n) ____ innovation. a. process b. incremental c. radical d. mechanical e. managerial

radical

Based on the rational decision-making model, you would expect the first thing that happened at the other major networks as a result of the success of the American Idol television series was to

realize that they needed to create a viewer participation talent search TV program like American Idol

The first step in the decision-making process is

recognizing and defining the situation

The manager's role as monitor is essential to which step in the comprehensive approach to change? a. Recognizing the need for change b. Understanding how to implement change c. Setting goals for change d. Selecting a change technique e. Planning change implementation

recognizing the need for change

The radical redesign of all aspects of an organization in order to achieve major gains in cost reduction, service delivery, or reduction in order-processing time is known as a. entropy. b. process change. c. innovation. d. reengineering. e. system change.

reengineering

_____ is the radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in cost, quality, service, and speed.

reengineering

An organization's workforce has been reduced, and top management then promises the union that there will be no more layoffs in the next year. In the Lewin model, this is an example of which step in the change process? a. Refreezing b. Process change c. Unfreezing d. Implementing the change e. Reengineering

refreezing

involves reinforcing and supporting the change

refreezing

_____ are elements of the task environment that have the potential to control, legislate, or otherwise influence an organization's policies and practices.

regulators

Pursuing a strategy of _____ reduces an organization's dependence on any one of its business activities and thus reduces economic risk.

related diversification

_____ forces are the various barriers to change, such as a lack of resources, resistance from middle managers, or inadequate employee skills.

restraining

Some companies are practicing _____ innovation by creating innovative, low-cost products for emerging markets and then quickly and inexpensively repackaging them for sale in developed countries.

reverse

A builder in Miami started constructing homes during the "hot" real estate market, even though he knew there were a lot of speculators in the market. The market went cold, and the builder was stuck selling for very low prices. The builder demonstrated

risk propensity

Diaz Nesamoney is a computer scientist who founded three successful software companies. Entrepreneurs tend to have a high ____

risk propensity

Diaz Nesamoney is a computer scientist who founded three successful software companies. Entrepreneurs tend to have a high____

risk propensity

Which of the following is NOT a reason why employees are resistant to change? a. Threatened self-interests b. Different perceptions c. Risk propensity d. Participation e. Feelings of loss

risk propensity

_____ is the willingness to undertake risk with the opportunity of gaining an increased payoff.

risk propensity

Mikko needed to replace his air conditioner. He left messages with four companies. The first one to call back got the job. He used

satisficing.

Olga is house hunting in a "hot" market. Some homes sell within hours of listing. Olga finds one that meets her minimum criteria and immediately makes an offer. This is an example of

satisficing.

Fred has been assigned to conduct a SWOT analysis for his organization, Acme, Inc. As part of this assignment, Fred will:

search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm.

Fred has been assigned to conduct a SWOT analysis for his organization, Acme, Inc. As part of this assignment, Fred will: a. conduct an external wage survey. b. search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm. c. choose a grand strategy for his firm. d. do a cost/benefit analysis. e. develop a mission.

search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm.

General Motors filed documents with the SEC to approve an IPO of shares. The shares were to be used to pay the US government for money spent rescuing the car company. Filing the documents was part of which step in the change process? a. Recognition of the need for change b. Establishment of goals for the change c. Selection of appropriate change technique d. Actual implementation e. Evaluation and follow-up

selection of appropriate change technique

At Heritage Chocolates, the raw materials are processed at a plant and then sent to the manufacturing plant. The manufactured chocolates are finally sent to the packaging plant. This scenario illustrates _____ at Heritage Chocolates.

sequential interdependence

A(n) _____ is a separate small, informal, highly autonomous, and often secretive group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business.

skunkwork

A(n) _____ is a separate small, informal, highly autonomous, and often secretive group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business.

skunkworks

A _____ is privately owned by one individual or a group of individuals and has sales and assets that are not adequate enough to meaningfully influence its environment.

small business

The question mark has a:

small market share in a rapidly growing industry.

_____ production involves the production of goods in batches of one or a few products designed to customer specifications.

small-batch

The set of decisions and actions used to formulate and implement strategies that will provide a competitively superior fit between the organization and its environment so as to achieve organizational goals is known as:

strategic management. The set of decisions and actions used to formulate and implement strategies that will provide a competitively superior fit between the organization and its environment so as to achieve organizational is strategic management

A long-term time frame is most closely associated with: a. operational plans. b. tactical plans. c. strategic plans. d. mission plans. e. tactical goals.

strategic plans

A(n) _____ is a comprehensive plan for accomplishing an organization's goals.

strategy

The plan of action that prescribes resource allocation and other activities for dealing with the environment and helping the organization attain its goals is known as a(n) _____.

strategy

The plan of action that prescribes resource allocation and other activities for dealing with the environment and helping the organization attain its goals is known as a(n): a. goal. b. objective. c. mission. d. vision. e. strategy.

strategy

The use of managerial and organizational tools to direct resources toward accomplishing strategic results is known as _____.

strategy execution

Adopting computers in offices is the technology and operations area of organizational change. However creating a new computing department to support use of the new computer system is part of the ____ area of change. a. people b. technology and operations c. structure and design d. facilitation e. None of these.

structure and design

six building blocks of orgnizing a organization NOT

structuring capacity

A type of OD intervention in which questionnaires on organizational climate and other factors are distributed among employees and the results reported back to them by a change agent is called _____ .

survey feedback

The condition that exists when the organization's parts interact to produce a joint effect that is greater than the sum of the parts acting alone is known as:

synergy

When properly managed, _____ can create additional value with existing resources, providing a big boost to the bottom line

synergy

The idea that organization change may have substantial effects extending far beyond the area in which the change actually takes place relates to one of the integrative management theories presented earlier in the text. What is that theory? a. Systems theory b. Contingency theory c. Scientific management theory d. Theory X e. Theory Y

systems theory

Goals that define the outcomes that major departments must achieve in order for the organization to reach its overall goals are known as _____ goals.

tactical

Sarah is a middle manager at Stylin' Sneakers Corporation. She is most likely responsible for the achievement of _____ goals. a. operational b. tactical c. strategic d. lower-level e. top-level

tactical

Jeffry's Foodbar, a locally owned restaurant is experiencing competition from an internationally known chain of fast food restaurants, which has recently started business in its neighborhood. Jeffrey's Foodbar is experiencing a change in its:

task environment

A(n) _____ is a temporary team designed to solve a short-term problem involving several departments.

task force

A type of OD intervention that enhances the cohesiveness of departments by helping members learn to function as a team is called _____.

team building

Boeing has internal consultants who help executives learn about how others see them and improve performance for the future. Boeing is using the OD technique a. technostructural activities. b. process consultation. c. team building. d. coaching and counseling. e. third-party peacemaking.

team building

J&J executives did an off-site where they cleaned a park. Which OD technique was J&J using? a. Third-party peacemaking b. Survey feedback c. Team building d. Technostructural activities e. Force-field analysis

team building

The process used by an organization to transform inputs into outputs is known as a. reengineering. b. innovation. c. technology. d. radical innovation. e. incremental innovation.

technology

_____ change is related to the organization's production process, i.e., how the organization does its work.

technology

_____ encompasses the conversion processes used to transform inputs (such as materials or information) into outputs (such as products or services).

technology

When organizational change involves planned alteration of the work processes or work activities, the change primarily involves the area of a. people. b. technology and operations. c. social responsibility. d. strategy. e. structure and design.

technology and operations

Bounded rationality is assumed in

the behavioral model

Coordinated effort

the coordination of individual effort into group-wide effort

The rational model of decision making assumes all of the following EXCEPT

the decision maker will select the least expensive acceptable alternative.

The planning process begins with which of the following?

the development of a mission statement

Task Identity

the extent to which the worker does a complete or identifiable portion of a total job

Span of control

the number of people reporting directly to a given manager; narrow or wide

Sy.Med Development, Inc. is the only company that has credentialing application software for physicians and managed care organizations. Credentialing applications must be submitted to each insurance provider annually and can be a very labor-intensive process. Sy.Med is the only company that has developed such software, and it provides complete support for the software. A physician's office in Montana that wants to buy or use the software would be making the purchase decision

under certainty

The Priest at Holy Trinity needs to select a youth ministry coordinator. This is an example of decision making

under uncertainty

The decision by executives at CBS to air Three Rivers to see if it could find a show to improve its primetime viewership was an example of a decision made

under uncertainty

The decision to hire a janitorial service, buy a fleet of sales vehicles, or hire a public relations expert are all examples of decisions made

under uncertainty

What stage of the Lewin model of organization change is exemplified by managers letting people who will be affected by an impending change know the reasons for the change? a. Implementing b. Recognizing c. Refreezing d. Transforming e. Unfreezing

unfreezing

Which stage of the Lewin model of organization change involves managers letting people who will be affected by an impending change know the reasons for the change?

unfreezing

Which of the following represents organization change by means of change in technology/operations? a. Changing line and staff relationships b. Upgrading the management information system c. Training people to give them new skills and abilities d. Redesigning jobs e. Having some components of your product made overseas

upgrading the management information system

A manager who has a low-risk propensity would

use the rational decision-making model

Which of the following helps make the management process efficient?

using resources in a cost-effective manner

When a manager makes a decision in spite of having imperfect information, this is known as

using the behavioral model of decision making.

____ are a group of small investors seeking to make profits on companies with rapid growth potential.

venture capitalists

Centralized

versus decentralized authority: who makes decisions; upper management or middle

In the _____ approach of structural design, departments are independent, contracting services to the central hub for a profit.

virtual network

b

which of the following is NOT one of the tools used for putting strategy into action? a. Visible leadership b. Diversification c. Human Resources d. Communication e. Clear roles and accountability

The degree to which organizational tasks are subdivided into individual jobs is called _____.

work specialization