Management: Ch 11&12 Test
Effective leaders who are humble, responsible, and discipled
Level 5 Leaders
Which characteristic relates to reward power?
Organizational power that stems from a person's ability to bestow rewards
Which characteristic relates to information power?
Power that is a result of having access to important information that is not common knowledge, or of having the ability to control the flow of information to and from others
Which of the following relates to positive reinforcement?
The act of strengthening a desired behavior by rewarding it or providing other positive outcomes
Brutal Facts
accept them and deal with the difficulty to increase odds of making good decisions
It is interesting that in certain industries, such as the hotel industry, service personnel
actually dislike increased empowerment.
The First Lady's primary source of power is
affiliative
Frederick Taylor
analyzed jobs to improve efficiency.
When Martin Luther King, Jr., and Malcolm X made their followers feel strong enough to resist racism and segregation, they were using
charismatic power
Subordinate resistance to the use of power is most likely when which of the following sources of power is used?
coercive
Which of the following refers to an organizationally based source of power derived from a leader's control over punishments or the capacity to deny rewards?
coercive power
What term describes a group of theories that assume that workers are motivated by the desire to satisfy needs and that seek to identify what their needs are?
content theories
What term describes the suggestion that successful leadership requires matching leaders with primarily stable leadership styles to the demands of the situation?
contingency theory
Technology Accelerators are not to create momentum for goals but to
continue to grow company to reach more people who will buy into the company's concept
Culture of Discipline
disciplined people who engage in disciplined group thought
What name is given to the capacity to be aware of, control, and express one's emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically?
emotional intelligence
What term describes the process of providing employees with the ability to contribute input and take on responsibilities for organizational decisions?
empowerment
There is increasing evidence that transformational leaders
exist at all levels in organizational hierarchies and in a broad range of organizations.
In expectancy theory, if a person believes that extra effort will lead to high performance, such as a bonus or commission, we are talking about the person's
expectancy
Professors, computer geniuses, mechanics, airline pilots, and ship captains supposedly have a lot of
expert power
In applying reinforcement theory, one of the problems in punishing unacceptable behavior is that punishment may produce
undesirable long-term side effects
What is meant by an authentic leader?
A leader who is passionate about company objectives, models corporate values in the workplace, and forms strong relationships with stakeholders
Which of the following relates to motivation?
An inner drive that directs behavior toward goals
If a leader wants a high degree of commitment from his or her subordinates, which sources of power are most likely to lead to that?
Expert, referent, and charismatic
Technology Accelerators
Helps facilitate the hedgehog concept of knowing the company's big picture goals
What name is given to a description of how leaders develop "unique" working relationships with each of their employees, based on the nature of their social exchanges?
Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory
Giving employees tickets to "cash in" for a paid day off when they get their projects done well ahead of the deadline is an example of the creative use of
NOT formal rewards MAYBE informal rewards OR recognition and praise
What's meant by charisma?
The ability to inspire admiration, respect, loyalty, and a desire to emulate, based on some intangible set of personality traits; a personal source of power
Which of the following relates to motivational factors?
Those aspects of a job that relate to the content of the work, including achievement, recognition, the work itself, involvement, responsibility, and advancement
What are maintenance factors?
Those aspects of a job that relate to the work setting, including adequate wages, comfortable working conditions, fair company policies, and job security
Which of the following refers to power that is derived by virtue of a person's association with someone else who has some source of power?
affiliative power
What name is given to the most effective managers, who engage in both dimensions of leadership behaviors by getting employees involved in the operation of their departments or divisions in a positive and constructive manner, setting general goals, providing fairly loose supervision, and recognizing employees' contributions?
employee-centered leaders
Which of the following refers to a working arrangement whereby two employees do one job?
job sharing
Which characteristic relates to a servant leader?
leader who leads by example and forms strong relationships with employees
Which of the following characteristics relates to a servant leader?
leader who leads by example and forms strong relationships with employees
To achieve organizational objectives, employees must have the ability, tools, and _____ to perform their jobs.
motivation
Which of the following refers to a person's capacity to influence the behavior and attitudes of others?
power
Which of the following refers to a set of theories that try to determine "how" and "why" employees are motivated to perform?
process theories
What term describes the act of weakening or eliminating an undesired behavior by providing negative consequences?
punishment
The birth of the human relations approach to motivation can be traced to
the Hawthorne studies
Herzberg's two-factor theory proposes that
the absence of maintenance factors may dissatisfy workers
Herzberg's two-factory theory proposes that
the absence of maintenance factors may dissatisfy workers
Flywheel Effect
uses momentum from little successes to accelerate in the direction the company has chosen
The person primarily associated with the Hawthorne studies was
Elton Mayo
FIRST
figure out who to have as a part of the team
What name is given to the order in which people strive to satisfy the five basic needs as theorized by Maslow—physiological, security, social, esteem, and self-actualization?
hierarchy of needs
What name is given to personal power that results when one person identifies with and admires another?
referent power
What term describes a style that goes beyond mere exchange relationships by inspiring employees to look beyond their own self-interests and by generating awareness and acceptance of the group's purposes and mission?
transformational leadership
Which of the following characteristics relates to situational leadership theory?
A leadership model whose premise is that a leader's style should be contingent on subordinates' competence and commitment
What's path-goal theory?
A model concerned with how a leader affects employees' perceptions of their personal and work goals and the paths to goal attainment
What is meant by expectancy?
A person's expectation that effort will lead to high performance
What is flextime?
A work schedule that allows employees to choose their starting and ending times as long as they are at work during a specified time period
What is meant by behavior modification?
An application of reinforcement theory, which involves change in behavior and encouraging appropriate actions by relating the consequences of behavior to the behavior itself
The examination of input-output ratios, employee contributions, and the perception of fairness is most associated with
equity theory
What term describes a theory stating that the extent to which people are willing to contribute to an organization depends on their assessment of the fairness of the rewards they will receive in exchange?
equity theory
the only path to greatness is
focusing solely on what you can do better than any other organization
What term describes a theory that recognizes the importance of goals in improving employee performance?
goal-setting theory
Doom Loop
happens when there is direction but no accountability, improper implementation, and impatience
Giving employees tickets to "cash in" for a paid day off when they get their projects done well ahead of the deadline is an example of the creative use of
informal rewards
You are a computer whiz, and you have installed some software that monitors all incoming and outgoing company emails. You have no formal understanding of leadership theory, but you clearly understand
information power
Although regulations and laws sharply limit a leader's ability to use coercive power, it is a fair assessment that
it is still too commonly used in business settings
Build greatness through humility & determination to improve, respected and followed by their peers, and never want to become larger than life heros
level 5 leaders
When financial institutions such as J.P. Morgan reward employees with bonuses and other financial incentives for making risky decisions, they may find that their attempts to motivate employees
may sometimes have negative effects on the organization.
Your company's work teams have won national awards for making the finest widgets ever seen. Your loyal and productive workers have never been more proud of their work. What important characteristic of motivation is probably at an all-time high at your company?
morale
Sue wants to be warm, but she is not; she has a
need
What term describes a person's ability to satisfy or deny satisfaction of another's need, based on a formal contractual relationship between an organization and the individual?
organizational power
Reward power, which stems from a person's ability to bestow rewards is
organizationally based
Reward power, which stems from a person's ability to bestow rewards, is
organizationally based
What name is given to a person's ability to satisfy or deny satisfaction of another's need, based on an interpersonal relationship between individuals or on his or her personal characteristics?
personal power
When extra effort is required from employees and managers have no control over rewards and punishments and close supervision is not practical
personal sources of power are essential.
A personal source of power that a leader possesses when he or she is admired by employees who identify with the leader is called
referent power
What name is given to a process theory that assumes that behavior may be reinforced by relating it to its consequences?
reinforcement theory
An employee's confidence that he or she can perform a task or behavior successfully is called
self-efficacy
What is the theory that states that employees learn not only through direct experience but also through observation and personal qualities?
social learning theory
3 Simple Truths (First Who, Then What)
1. Adapt to a changing world 2. With the right people, then the problem of motivating and managing them goes away because of self-motivation 3. With the wrong people, the right direction doesn't matter, you don't have a great company of great people
2 Distinct Forms of Disciplined Thought:
1. Companies infused the entire process with the brutal facts of reality 2. They develop a simply yet insightful frame of reference for all decisions
3 Circles in Hedgehog Concept
1. What you are deeply passionate about 2. What you can be the best in the world at 3. What best drives your economic engine
Which of the following relates to a compressed work week?
A four-day (or shorter) period in which an employee works 40 hours
Spirit of Performance comes with
Culture of Discipline and Ethic of Entrepreneurship
Concept of the overall understanding of what you can be the best at
Hedgehog Concept
Poor morale is most likely to cause
absenteeism
THEN
figure out where to put them
With regard to leadership and management, most American companies today appear to be
under-led and over-managed