Management Chp. 21

अब Quizwiz के साथ अपने होमवर्क और परीक्षाओं को एस करें!

Strategic commitment -----------> ______ involvement ------------------> ______ ------------------> _______ ------------------> _____ ---------------> Quality improvements

Strategic commitment -----------> Employee involvement ------------------> Materials ------------------> Technology ------------------> Methods ---------------> Quality improvements

• Facilities Decisions - _____ are the physical locations where products or services are created, stored, and distributed. - _____ is the physical positioning or geographic site of facilities. - ___ is the physical configuration of facilities, the arrangement of equipment within facilities, or both.

- Facilities are the physical locations where products or services are created, stored, and distributed. - Location is the physical positioning or geographic site of facilities. - Layout is the physical configuration of facilities, the arrangement of equipment within facilities, or both.

• Role of Operations in Organizational Strategy - Operations management has a direct impact on ______, _____, ___, and ________. - Operations management and organizational strategy have ____ effects on each other. - _____ goals cannot be met if there are deficiencies and insufficiencies in operations resources.

- Operations management has a direct impact on competitiveness, quality, productivity, and effectiveness. - Operations management and organizational strategy have reciprocal effects on each other. - Strategic goals cannot be met if there are deficiencies and insufficiencies in operations resources.

• Types of layouts - _____ layout—facilities arranged around the product; used when large quantities of a single product are needed. - _____ layout—facilities arranged around the process; used in facilities that create or process a variety of products. - ____ position layout- facilities arranged around a single work area, used for the manufacture of large and complex products - _____ layout—a configuration of facilities used when families of products can follow similar paths.

- Product layout—facilities arranged around the product; used when large quantities of a single product are needed. - Process layout—facilities arranged around the process; used in facilities that create or process a variety of products. - Fixed position layout- facilities arranged around a single work area, used for the manufacture of large and complex products - Cellular layout—a configuration of facilities used when families of products can follow similar paths.

• Levels of Productivity - The unit of analysis used to calculate or define productivity. - _____ productivity—the total level of productivity for a country. - ______ productivity—the total productivity of all the firms in an industry. - ____ productivity—the level of productivity of a single company. - ____ productivity—the productivity level of a unit or department. - _____ productivity - the productivity attained by a single person.

- The unit of analysis used to calculate or define productivity. - Aggregate productivity—the total level of productivity for a country. - Industry productivity—the total productivity of all the firms in an industry. - Company productivity—the level of productivity of a single company. - Unit productivity—the productivity level of a unit or department. - Individual productivity - the productivity attained by a single person.

1. _________. A product's primary operating characteristic; examples are automobile acceleration and a television's picture clarity. 2. ______. Supplements to a product's basic functioning characteristics, such as power windows on a car 3. ________. A probability of not malfunctioning during a specified period. 4. ________. The degree to which a product's design and operating characteristics meet established standards. 5. ______. A measure of product life. 6. _________. The speed and ease of repair. 7. ________. How a product looks, feels, tastes, and smells 8. _____ quality. As seen by a customer.

1. Performance. A product's primary operating characteristic; examples are automobile acceleration and a television's picture clarity. 2. Features. Supplements to a product's basic functioning characteristics, such as power windows on a car 3. Reliability. A probability of not malfunctioning during a specified period. 4. Conformance. The degree to which a product's design and operating characteristics meet established standards. 5. Durability. A measure of product life. 6. Serviceability. The speed and ease of repair. 7. Aesthetics. How a product looks, feels, tastes, and smells 8. Perceived quality. As seen by a customer.

TQM Tools and Techniques • ____________ - The process of learning how and what other firms do in an exceptionally high-quality manner. • _______ - Subcontracting operations/services to those who can do them cheaper and/or better. • _____ cycle time - Table 21.3 • Statistical quality control (SQC) - _____ sampling: testing and making a decision at the end. - _________ sampling: testing along the way, during the process.

• Benchmarking - The process of learning how and what other firms do in an exceptionally high-quality manner. • Outsourcing - Subcontracting operations/services to those who can do them cheaper and/or better. • Reducing cycle time - Table 21.3 • Statistical quality control (SQC) - Acceptance sampling: testing and making a decision at the end. - In-process sampling: testing along the way, during the process.

The Importance of Quality (cont'd) • __________ - Quality has become one of the most important competitive points in business today. • ________ - Quality enhancement programs decrease defects, reduce rework, and eliminate the need for inspectors as employees assume responsibility for quality. • ________ - Improved quality reduces costs from customer returns, warranty, and lawsuits for faulty products, and lost sales to future customers.

• Competition - Quality has become one of the most important competitive points in business today. • Productivity - Quality enhancement programs decrease defects, reduce rework, and eliminate the need for inspectors as employees assume responsibility for quality. • Costs - Improved quality reduces costs from customer returns, warranty, and lawsuits for faulty products, and lost sales to future customers.

• Determining _________ Mix - Involves deciding how many and what kinds of product to offer in the marketplace. • ____ Decisions - Can be high-risk decisions due to uncertainty about future product demand and incurred costs of additional, possibly excess, capacity. - Involve choosing amount of product, services, or both that can be produced by an organization. - Disney world changing there hours.

• Determining Product-Service Mix - Involves deciding how many and what kinds of products to offer in the marketplace. • Capacity Decisions - Can be high-risk decisions due to uncertainty about future product demand and incurred costs of additional, possibly excess, capacity. - Involve choosing amount of product, services, or both that can be produced by an organization. - Disney world changing there hours.

Improving Productivity • Improving Operations - Spending more resources on ___ and ___ helps identify new products, new uses for existing products, and new methods for making products. - Reworking _____ processes and facilities can boost productivity. • Increasing Employee Involvement - Increased employee participation can increase both ____ and _______. - ________ of employees allows firms to function with fewer workers. - _____ are essential to success in improving productivity.

• Improving Operations - Spending more resources on research and development helps identify new products, new uses for existing products, and new methods for making products. - Reworking transformation processes and facilities can boost productivity. • Increasing Employee Involvement - Increased employee participation can increase both quality and productivity. - Cross-training of employees allows firms to function with fewer workers. - Rewards are essential to success in improving productivity.

• ______ organization (selling a product) - A form of business that combines and transforms resource inputs into tangible outcomes that are then sold to others. • _____ organization (selling an experience) - An organization that transforms resources into an intangible output and creates time and place utility for its customers.

• Manufacturing organization - A form of business that combines and transforms resource inputs into tangible outcomes that are then sold to others. • Service organization - An organization that transforms resources into an intangible output and creates time and place utility for its customers.

• ______ Management - The set of managerial activities used by an organization to transform resource inputs into products, services, or both. • Importance of Excellence in Operations - Is necessary for _______ and overall organization ______. - Creates value and utility through the production of _____ and _____.

• Operations Management - The set of managerial activities used by an organization to transform resource inputs into products, services, or both. • Importance of Excellence in Operations - Is necessary for competitiveness and overall organization performance. - Creates value and utility through the production of products and services.

• __________ - An economic measure of efficiency that summarizes the value of outputs relative to the value of the resources used to produce them.

• Productivity - An economic measure of efficiency that summarizes the value of outputs relative to the value of the resources used to produce them.

• ____ Management (Procurement) - Controlling the buying of the materials and resources is at the heart of effective supply chain management. • Inventory Management o ___ control (Materials control) - Managing the organization's raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and products in-transit. o _______ (JIT) method -An inventory system than has necessary materials arriving as soon as they are needed (just in time) so that the production process is not interrupted.

• Purchasing Management (Procurement) - Controlling the buying of the materials and resources is at the heart of effective supply chain management. • Inventory Management o Inventory control (Materials control) - Managing the organization's raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and products in-transit. o Just-in-time (JIT) method -An inventory system than has necessary materials arriving as soon as they are needed (just in time) so that the production process is not interrupted.

•_____ ______ Management - The process of managing operations control, resource and inventory acquisition and purchasing, and thus improving overall efficiency and effectiveness. • _____ Management as Control - Coordinating operations management with other functions helps insure the system focuses on critical elements crucial to goal attainment.

• Supply Chain Management - The process of managing operations control, resource and inventory acquisition and purchasing, and thus improving overall efficiency and effectiveness. • Operations Management as Control - Coordinating operations management with other functions helps insure the system focuses on critical elements crucial to goal attainment.

Manufacturing Technology • ______ - The set of processes and systems used by organizations to convert resources into products or services. •________ - The process of designing work so that it can be completely or almost completely performed by machines. • _______ - Any artificial device that can perform functions ordinarily thought to be appropriate for human beings. • ________ - The science and technology of the construction, maintenance, and use of robots. • ______ Technology - Services are rapidly moving toward automated systems and procedures (e.g., automated teller machines and room

• Technology - The set of processes and systems used by organizations to convert resources into products or services. •Automation - The process of designing work so that it can be completely or almost completely performed by machines. • Robot - Any artificial device that can perform functions ordinarily thought to be appropriate for human beings. • Robotics - The science and technology of the construction, maintenance, and use of robots. • Service Technology - Services are rapidly moving toward automated systems and procedures (e.g., automated teller machines and room

• The Meaning of _____ - The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. - __ is both a relative and absolute concept. - ____ is relevant to both products and services. • The Importance of Quality ______ ______ Award - Named after a former secretary of commerce, this award is given by the commerce department to firms that achieve major quality improvements.

• The Meaning of Quality - The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. - Quality is both a relative and absolute concept. - Quality is relevant to both products and services. • The Importance of Quality Malcolm Baldrige Award - Named after a former secretary of commerce, this award is given by the commerce department to firms that achieve major quality improvements.


संबंधित स्टडी सेट्स

Eksempler på språklige virkemidler

View Set

Sociology of Deviant Behavior Chpt 2 Quiz

View Set