Management Exam 1

Portfolios deal with all of an organization's projects, while programs deal with resource availability a specific group of related projects tradeoffs between schedule, scope and qualit ongoing operations

a specific group of related projects

All of the following are among the common task-related sources of project conflict EXCEPT: technical approach schedule project priorities personalities

personalities

Which of the following is NOT a typical source selection criterion that an organization would use to evaluate potential contractors? personalities references life cycle cost technical approach

personalities

In agile projects, the individual who leads in a collaborative manner by guiding teams and removing obstacles to their progress is called the________ . sponsor facilitator scrum master project manager

scrum master

The PM promotes the needs of team members by celebrating success and helping team members secure follow-on work.

Adjourning

All of the following are among the activities a project manager should undertake to develop a highly effective team EXCEPT: assess sponsor capability establish team ground rules assess project team capability assess individual member capability

Assess sponsor capability

All of the following are among ground rules that have proven widely useful to project teams EXCEPT: always consider at least two alternative approaches before proceeding use data when possible and gather facts rather than arguing over opinions develop trust by doing work as promised and being truthful avoid conflict at all costs

Avoid conflict at all costs

Which two project team success factors have shown the strongest correlation to successful project performance as perceived by senior managers? Mutual trust, respect, and credibility and cross-functional cooperation Clear project plans created by the team, and effective communications Clearly defined project and team objectives, and use of task and relationship behaviors to resolve conflicts Stimulating work environment and opportunity for team and individual recognition

Clearly defined project and team objectives, and use of task and relationship behaviors to resolve conflicts

Projectized organizations often adopt which of the following techniques where project team members are physically placed close to one another to improve communications and working relationships? Collaboration coordination consolidation co-location

Co-location

Which of the following roles and attributes do NOT describe the core team members on a project? Core team members may supervise the work of subject matter experts who are brought in on an as-needed basis. Core team members are the small group of people who are usually on the project from start to finish. Core team members join the project on a temporary basis to perform specific project activities as necessary Core team members often make project decisions jointly with the project manager.

Core team members join the project on a temporary basis to perform specific projects activities as necessary

The process of improving the competencies, team interaction, and the overall team environment to enhance project performance is known as ________________ . Acquire project team Connect project team Manage project team interactions Develop project team

Develop project team

Typically, the senior customer representative is responsible for which of the following project roles? helps the project manager with running meetings and providing status reports develops the project schedule and budget determines how the project work will be accomplished ensures the needs of the customer's organization are identified and prioritized

Ensure the needs of the customer's organization are identified and prioritized

In agile projects, the customer representative role is passive, and their involvement is typically limited to the early stages of the project. This statement is ________________ . TRUE FALSE. The Customer Representative is a member of the PM who addresses customer concerns during the planning phase. FALSE. There is no customer representative in an agile project FALSE. The Customer Representative works with the PM team on a continuous basis and often performs project manager tasks.

FALSE. The Customer Representative works with the PM team on a continuous basis and often performs project manager tasks.

True or False The only critical measures of project success are completing the project on schedule and on budget.

False

Project Manager Promotes organizational needs by developing the business case and acceptance criteria in the charter

Forming

When applied to project management, the resource management knowledge area typically involves which of the following processes? planning, estimating, budgeting, financing, funding, managing and controlling costs conducting risk management planning, identification, analysis, response planning & implementation, and monitoring ensuring the project includes all the work required, and only the work required, to complete the project successfully identifying, acquiring, and managing resources needed to successfully complete the project

Identifying, acquiring, and managing resources needed to successfully complete the project

Which of the following is an advantage associated with the matrix organization? Increased knowledge transfer between projects. Unity of command - one "boss" for each employee. Hard to monitor and control. Shorter response times and quicker decisions.

Increased knowledge transfer between projects

Which of the following statements regarding project life cycles is most accurate? All research and development organizations rely upon a four-stage project life cycle that includes initiating, planning, executing and closing. The project life cycle is the same regardless of the type of projects managed by an organization. Many different project life cycle models are used, for different types of projects. All project life cycles are the same across every industry

Many different project life cycle models are used, for different types of projects

Team members begin to feel part of the team and believe that the project will succeed

Norming

The PM promotes the needs of the project by monitoring and controlling the project according to plan and updates plans as required

Performing

Which section of the project charter publicly acknowledges the commitment of the sponsor, managers and team members to the project? contract section decisions and finding Signatures and commitment business case

Signatures and commitment

True or False None of the financial project selection models ensure alignment of the project with an organization's strategic goals

True

True or False Scoring models are most useful when there are multiple projects and several criteria to be considered.

True

True or False Most companies with well-developed project management systems insist that a project must pass an approval of some kind to move from one life cycle stage to the next.

True

True or False A project is a time-bound effort constrained by performance specifications, resources, and budget to create a unique product or service

True

True or False Many different project life cycle models are used for different types of projects, such as information systems, improvement, research and development, and construction

True

The Chief Projects Officer responsibilities include ensuring that the steering team does all of the following EXCEPT: selects appropriate project sponsors and teams ensures enough resources (people, money, and other resources) are available to perform the projects monitors and controls the implementation of projects captures lessons learned from completed projects

captures lessons learned from completed projects

During project execution, the project sponsor's responsibilities include all of these EXCEPT: nurture key stakeholders ensure communications ensure quality charter the project

charter the project

All of the following are among the steps of the negotiation process EXCEPT: clarify both parties interests clarify and confirm agreements work toward a common goal use "good cop / bad cop" technique

use "good cop / bad cop? technique

Projects often require tradeoffs among all of the following EXCEPT: cost schedule programs Scope

programs

What is the purpose of establishing team operating principles in the charter? they increase team effectiveness and ensure that all parties are aware of what is expected. they describe the specific work each team member will perform They are especially helpful for a routine project where participants have worked together before. they identify the rules along with the punishments to be administered when the rules are broken

they increase team effectiveness and ensure that all parties are aware of what is expected

Team members attempt to jockey for power, ask many questions and establish dubious goals.

Storming

All of the following factors should be assessed to determine an organization's ability to perform projects EXCEPT: Do teams and individuals follow instructions well? Does the organization have free and open communication, creativity, and empowered decision making? Does the organization monitor and understand it's external environment? Does the organization have a clearly defined project management process?

Do teams and individuals follow instructions well?

The personal values of team members on high-performing teams can be enhanced through all of the following beneficial communication practices EXCEPT: Encouraging personal conflict All important topics are openly discussed. Information is freely shared within and beyond the team. Potential problems are proactively reported.

Encouraging personal conflict

Which is not one of the steps recommended when developing a milestone schedule for the project charter. Estimate the cost of each Milestone Determine expected completion dates for each milestone Determine the primary sponsor for each milestone and how they will judge the deliverables? Describe acceptance criteria for the final project deliverables.

Estimate the cost of each milestone

Which of the following statements concerning strategic analysis is true? External analysis focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of the organization. Internal analysis focuses on the threats and opportunities facing the organizatio External analysis focuses on the threats and opportunities facing the organization. Strategic analysis focuses exclusively upon external analysis

External analysis focuses on the threats and opportunities facing the organization

True or False A project portfolio is a useful storage medium that enables the project manager to consolidate all project information in a single, convenient location.

False

True or False Because the specific projects within them are of limited duration, programs themselves are temporary.

False

Achieving project success is determined by all of the following EXCEPT: creating deliverables that include all required features completing the project on schedule and on budget providing outputs that please the project's customers involving only important key stakeholders

Involving only important key stakeholders

On agile projects the first iteration is planned as a milestone with acceptance criteria. However, subsequent milestones and acceptance criteria are determined on a __________ basis need-to-know first come first served first in first out (FIFO) just in time (JIT)

Just in time (JIT)

Which of the following statements correctly describes project management? Project management's goal is to maintain efficiency of ongoing operations. Project management applies knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities. Project management should not involve tradeoffs between scope, schedule and cost Project management only relies upon checklists to plan and execute the work.

Project management applies knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities

From an agile project management perspective, which of these constraints are considered to be fixed? Resources and schedule Scope and time Quality and value Customer satisfaction

Resources and schedule

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with a functional organization? There are clear lines of authority according to type of work. Everyone in the organization reports up through one and only one supervisor. Resources are easily shared between departments and projects. Staff is grouped by areas of specialization.

Resources are easily shared between departments and projects

Typically, a steering team or leadership team is responsible for all of the following project related roles EXCEPT: aligning projects with the organization's strategic plans selecting, prioritizing and resourcing projects ensuring accurate progress is reported and adjustments made standardizing project-related governance processes to facilitate sharing of methodologies, tools & techniques

Standardizing project-related governance processes to facilitate sharing of methodologies, tools, & techniques

Which of the following executive roles is responsible for overall priority setting, project selection and prioritization, general guidance and encouragement Project Management Office Chief Projects Officer Sponsor Steering Team

Steering Team

Which of the following is a disadvantage associated with managing projects in a projectized organization Traditional department barriers are reduced. Team members assigned to a project are often underutilized. Response times and decision making are slow. Team members have difficulty focusing on project issues.

Team members assigned to a project are often underutilized

The personal values of team members on high-performing teams can be enhanced through which of the following team behavior methods? Team members adhere closely to formal procedures. Team members focus on independent efforts that emphasize individual lessons learned. Team members demonstrate a constant focus on improvement. Team members compete with one another and withhold information.

Team members demonstrate a constant focus on improvement

Which of the following are among the challenges faced by project managers? They must effectively deal with networks of people both within and outside the parent company. They must learn how to accomplish project work unilaterally - on their own. They are not allowed to be flexible about how the project should be accomplished They frequently have more authority than responsibility.

The musste effectively deal with networks of people both within and outside the parent company

Which of the following roles is typically associated with the project manager? the person with management authority over a unit within a functional organization the person assigned by the performing organization to lead the team that is responsible for achieving the project objectives the person responsible for project methods, standards and training the person responsible for providing the financial resources and support for the project and is accountable for enabling success.

The person assigned by the performing organization to lead the team that is responsible for achieving the project objectives

In an agile project what is a PRODUCT MANAGER? The product Manager is a member of organization conducting project work who serves as a designated sponsor sand controls the budget There is no Product Manager in an agile Project The product Manager is the customer representative who ensures that customer concerns are addressed. The product manager is another name for the Product Owner

The product manager is a member of organization conducting project work who serve as a designated sponsor sand controls the budget

All of the following represent common methods for making decisions on contemporary project teams EXCEPT: The steering team reviews the project data and makes the decision. The project team votes to make the decision. The project manager or sponsor makes the decision. One or two team members recommend or make the decision.

The steering team reviews the project data and makes the decision

Projects are considered successful for all of the reasons below EXCEPT: members of the team learn new skills working on the project. the team has demonstrated heroics to meet project objectives the organization reaps business level benefits. the organization captures lessons learned for future projects.

The team has demonstrated heroics to meet project objectives

Which of the following statements best describes the contemporary use of financial models and scoring models for project selection? One of these techniques is typically used to the exclusion of the other, due to time demands Financial methods are preferred because they ensure alignment with the organization's strategic goals. These methods are often used together to ensure financial and non-financial factors are both considered. Scoring models are unreliable because they fail to consider financial factors.

These methods are often used together to ensure financial and non-financial factors are both considered

The project charter should help the project team and the project sponsor to develop a common understanding of what the project is all about. All of the following items are elements of that common understanding EXCEPT understanding project success measures understanding how the project aligns with the goals of the organization understanding the detailed project schedule understanding what is included and excluded

Understanding the detailed project schedule

Which of the following is an advantage associated with managing projects in a functional organization? Rapid communication between the various functions working on the project. Unity of command - one clear supervisor for each worker. Each unit contains a variety of specialists suited to solving complex problems. Combines task focus with technical capability.

Unity of command - one clear supervisor for each worker

All of the following are among the methods project managers can use to develop individual and team capabilities EXCEPT: teach personal responsibility utilize coercive powers demand situational leadership model desired behaviors

Utilize coercive powers

All of the following are advantages associated with managing projects in a projectized organization EXCEPT One boss - the project manager Workers know they will still have a job when they finish work on a project Departmental barriers are reduced. Response times and decision making are swift.

Workers know they will still have a job when they finish work on a project

In agile projects, overall planning is at a high level, and only the near-term work is planned in detail. The project work is conducted in iterations (sprints) that are normally: no more than one calendar year assigned to one person on the team a variable length depending on project scope a fixed length of two or four weeks

a fixed length of two or four weeks

High-performing teams include members who typically hold which of the following values? a high need for achievement a strict adherence to their personal points of view a strong need for authority a commitment to self-promotion

a high need for achievement

Reward power is most appropriately used when _________________ . others respect the project manager's opinion and expertise. a team member is not performing working with project sponsors. a team member performs well.

a team member performs well

The project life cycle where project teams plan in short bursts (generally of one to four weeks), often called sprints or iterations, is referred to as _________: Process improvement life cycle Predictive, plan-driven project life cycle Construction project life cycle adaptive, change-driven project life cycle (Agile)

adaptive, change-driven project life cycle

Which of the following is not a good reason for Project managers and teams to consider risks and include them in the project charter? all project risks should be eliminated before the project charter is signed. any negative risk that is a threat that may inhibit successful project completion needs to be identified. sometimes there is more risk to the organization if the project is not undertaken, and this provides additional rationale for doing the project. a positive risk is an opportunity to complete the project better, faster, and/or at lower cost or to capitalize upon the project in additional ways.

all project risks should be eliminated before the project charter is signed

The document that describes why the project is needed, and may include estimated costs and benefits, is called a: guiding principle business case SWOT analysis program management plan

business case

Which of these charter elements should persuade decision makers to support the project and inspire team members and key stakeholders to work hard toward successful completion of the project? scope overview business case acceptance criteria scope control plan

business case

Which of the following statements most accurately identifies the typical contents of the project charter? requirements, specifications, test protocols and test results purpose, literature review, methodology, results and conclusions business case, milestone schedule, resource estimates and team operating principles statement of work, terms and conditions, clauses and delivery instructions

business case, milestone schedule, resource estimates and team operating principles

Which of the following styles of handling conflict is most appropriate whenever there is enough time, trust can be established, the issue is important to both sides and buy-in is needed? compromising forcing / competing smoothing / accommodating collaborating / problem solving

collaborating / problem solving

Which of the following examples is NOT a typical or appropriate situation to employ project management? installing a new computer system improving an existing work process conducting a routine, standard customer service operation developing a new product

conducting a routine, standard customer service operation

The project charter grants the project team the right to: write a detailed business case begin project execution create a detailed project plan develop the project mission statement

create a detailed project plan

Project charters do not normally include _________________ . detailed resource requirements project constraints project assumptions negative and positive risks

detailed resources requirements

Select the four purposes of the project charter describes skill sets needed for the project identifies resources need for the project develops a common understanding between the sponsor and the project team quickly screens out obviously poor projects authorizes the project manager to proceed Help the project and sponsor committ

develops a common understanding between the sponsor and the project team quickly screens out obviously poor projects authorizes the project manager to proceed Help the project and sponsor committ

Within the project charter, which of the following does the scope overview accomplish? identifies the major schedule milestones for the project eliminates cost overruns distinguishes between what the project will and will not do. describes at a high level what needs to be accomplished and how it will be done describes the work that must be performed to deliver a product, service or result.

distinguishes between what the project will and will not do. describes at a high level what needs to be accomplished and how it will be done describes the work that must be performed to deliver a product, service or result.

All of the following are advantages associated with assigning both core team members and subject matter experts to the project as soon as possible EXCEPT: early assignment of SMEs to the project saves money implementers are more motivated when they help create the plan plans are more realistic when those who will perform the work are involved in the planning early assignment helps ensure team members are available when needed

early assignment of SMEs to the project saves money

In an adaptive or change - driven project life cycle: the waterfall approach is commonly used. the product is well understood all planning precedes all executing. early results lead into planning later work.

early results lead into planning later work

It is argued that project teams progress through five stages of team development. Which of the following sequences best represents this progression? forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning forming, performing, reforming, norming, adjourning forming, storming, norming, performing, reforming forming, norming, storming, performing, reforming

forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning

Project planning teams use project life cycle models because various types of projects have differing demands. Which of the following sequences of stages is most appropriate for a life cycle model for research and development (R & D) projects? define - measure - analyze - improve - control idea generation - idea screening - concept development - validation - transition pre-planning - design - procurement - construction - start up project envisioning - requirements gathering - incremental implementation - production release

idea generation - idea screening - concept development - validation - transition

All of the following criteria serve as a valid basis for identifying potential projects in most organizations EXCEPT: environmental considerations internal politics technological advances social need

internal politics

The milestone schedule in the project charter_______________ . is a summary-level schedule that shows how major project tasks are sequenced. is a detailed schedule that shows the planned duration for every activity in the project. is a high-level plan that indicates a few significant accomplishments anticipated over the life of the project. is a schedule that provides detailed data for when each project activity should begin

is a high-level plan that indicates a few significant accomplishments anticipated over the life of the project

All of the following represent appropriate sources to identify new potential projects EXCEPT: the operations staff within the organization lessons learned from previous projects industry and trade journals existing and potential customers

lessons learned from previous projects

Once projects are completed, they will typically yield all of the following results EXCEPT: a primary deliverable along with supporting deliverables stakeholders whose interests are affected by the outcome make or buy decisions a unique product, service or result

make or buy decisions

Portfolio management helps an organization achieve its strategic goals in all of the following ways EXCEPT: managing ongoing projects providing needed resources prioritizing work to be done selecting the right projects

managing ongoing projects

Which of the following organizational structures is designed to achieve a balance of task focus and technical capability matrix organization projectized organization siloed organization functional organization

matrix organization

Many writers have stated that effective objectives should be: measurable - to track progress resource based - to focus on the inputs unachievable - to inspire maximum performance broad - to cover many dimensions of the business

measurable - to track progress

Which of the following statements accurately describes the responsibilities typically associated with the development of the project charter? more often than not, the project manager writes the draft project charter. the customer typically prepares and signs the charter. the project manager typically prepares the business case and scope overview. the project sponsor typically prepares the detailed first draft of the charter

more often than not, the project manager writes the draft project charter

________ between a client company and a contractor company should aim at a win-win solution, and the outcome must benefit both the parties involved. negotiations meetings selections conflicts

negotiations

Project planning teams use project life cycle models because various types of projects have differing demands. Which of the following sequences of stages is most appropriate for a life cycle model for construction projects? concept - requirements - design - code - test - turnover define, measure, analyze, prove, control pre-planning - design - procurement - construction - start up concept definition - demonstration - development - production

pre-planning - design - procurement - construction - start up

There are several tasks that a project customer can do to enhance the probability of success. Which of the following are generally performed independent of the project manager? conduct kick-off meeting write and sign the project charter prioritize project develop clear requirements

prioritize project

The _______________________ is an informal contract between the project team and the project sponsor? project charter business case team members' employment contracts project roadmap

project charter

In the PMBOK, the logical groupings of the five project management processes to achieve specific project objectives are called the: life cycle stages project management knowledge areas project management process groups phases and gates

project management process groups

A clear and compelling vision will have all the following characteristics EXCEPT: often requires several years to achieve. often requires extra effort to achieve. provides detailed roadmap for managing a project helps all stakeholders understand the direction of the organization

provides detailed roadmap for managing a project

Once selected projects have been prioritized, it is time to assign resources to projects based on their order of priority. Resources could include all of the following EXCEPT: money subject matter experts quality metrics equipment

quality metrics

Frequently, project managers lack legitimate power based upon position and instead resort to persuading others based upon personal relationships. This type of power is known as: connection power coercive power referent power positional power

referent power

A project sponsor is wise not to sign a project charter authorizing work until the project manager and team show that they have ____ reviewed lessons learned from previous projects in order to avoid similar mistakes. learned to work together well. gathered requirements from key stakeholders. prepared a comprehensive schedule and budget.

reviewed lessons learned from previous projects in order to avoid similar mistakes

A project manager in agile projects who serves and leads in a collaborative, facilitation manner is called a: scrum master functional manager sponsor program manager

scrum master

All of the following may be negotiated between a client company and a contractor EXCEPT: the amount of money to be paid. personnel assignments selection criteria for scoring models quality standards

selection criteria for scoring models

When trying to understand a corporate culture, it is helpful to understand the types of power that are used. In "power cultures__________________ collaboration is believed to be satisfying and stimulating. deference is paid to knowledge rather than authority. workers closely follow their appointed roles. supervisors exert a great deal of economic and political power.

supervisors exert a great deal of economic and political power

The Chief Projects Officer (CPO) is responsible for the individuals working on a project in all of the following ways EXCEPT: that they follow the detailed project plan that the CPO has created that they capture lessons learned from completed projects. that they receive the training they need. that they use templates and standards when appropriate.

that they follow the detailed project plan the the CPO has created

During iteration planning in an agile project, agreement is reached regarding ____________ . positive and negative risks. the length of the next sprint detailed stakeholder requirements. the definition of done

the definition of done

All of the following factors have influenced the increased reliance upon project management in recent years EXCEPT: rapid growth and changes in the information technology and telecommunications industries increased competition in the global economy and its influence on market demand realization that methods for large projects can be modified and used for small projects the steady demands of ongoing operational work

the steady demands of ongoing operational work

Acceptance criteria in the milestone schedule in a project charter helps the team understand who will judge the quality of the deliverable associated with each milestone, and _____. the penalties for not achieving the desired quality the risk associated with each milestone. what criteria will be used for that determination that stakeholder's role on the team.

why criteria will be used for that determination