Management + Leadership

_____ are broad statements of where an organization wants to be in the future and pertain to the organization as a whole, rather than to specific divisions or departments.

strategic goals

The ________________________ of Office Depot includes Amazon.com, where many people order office supplies, as well as manufacturers of office supplies such as International Paper Company, but does not include state and local laws affecting the sales tax it must collect from customers.

task environment

The triple bottom line measures an organization's:

performance on the aspects of people, planet, and profit

For the back of the house, where many employees from dishwasher and prep cook to sous-chef and head chef work to prepare dishes to order, which structure is the best fit?

An organic, decentralized structure

Anastasia, a regional manager, started a project three years ago and invested a lot of time and money in it. Despite signs of the project's failure from the beginning, she continued to invest time and money in it in the hope that the project will become successful. As a result, she incurred more losses. Which of the following biases does Anastasia exhibit in this scenario?

Justifying past decisions

Federated Investors has a __________, with each mutual fund being managed by several portfolio managers who together take responsibility for the fund's performance.

Team-Based Structure

Manufacturing businesses can be classified according to their __________, or how much they use machinery instead of people to produce goods.

Technical Complexity

The team in charge of innovation in a game development company holds a brainstorming session. The team uses Edward de Bono's Six Thinking Hats technique to promote broader thinking. Zachary, a team member, wears a figurative red hat and acts accordingly during the session. Which of the following is a correct description of Zachary's behavior?

He gives emotional responses based on feelings, intuitions, instincts, and hunches.

When your manager assigns you a task, you have the __________ to carry out that task.

Responsibility

In the context of organizational change, _____ means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and for the systematic implementation of innovations.

an ambidextrous approach

Because each unit, such as the unit serving New England, is relatively small, it can respond quickly to changes in the business environment.

Divisional Structure

_____ is a system whereby managers and employees define goals for every department, project, and person and use them to monitor subsequent performance.

Management-by-objectives

_____ is defined as the risk of loss of assets, earning power, or managerial control due to actions by host governments.

Political risk

During your orientation on your first day at work, you are introduced to your matrix bosses and your top leader. What are these managers' responsibilities? (Check all that apply.)

-Your top leader coordinates the activities of functional departments, like the Marketing and Sales department, and customer groups, like Small Business Accounts division. -One matrix boss is in charge of the Small Business Accounts division.

When a decision requires coordination between two or more units, such as between sales and logistics, it needs to go to the top of the organization and decision making can be slow.

Functional Structure

Organizational change and innovation are prompted solely by external forces such as customer demands or new government legislation.

False - Organizational change is defined as the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization. Sometimes change and innovation are spurred by forces outside the organization, such as when a powerful customer demands annual price cuts, when a key supplier goes out of business, or when new government regulations go into effect

Alstars Inc. began a program for managers to help them learn how to empower employees to solve minor problems on the production line. This program follows the _____ perspective. administrative humanistic classical bureaucratic

Humanistic

Which of the following statements is true of global leaders? a. They are characterized by a liking for uniform ways of thinking. b. They avoid taking risks. c. They focus on speaking a single language fluently. d. They have extensive experience interacting with people different from themselves.

They have extensive experience interacting with people different from themselves

Flare, an electronics company, created a low-cost, handheld washer that could run on solar-powered battery. The product was also portable and could clean clothes with minimal water. Washing machine manufacturers did not initially see this product as a threat, but the product slowly attracted their customers and gained a dominant share in the market. As a result, the traditional washing machine manufacturing companies underwent huge losses and most of them went out of business. In this scenario, the handheld washer is an example of a(n) _____.

disruptive innovation

Trux Inc. is a Wisconsin-based manufacturer of engineered wood building products such as beams and panels. It sources wood from a local supplier and ships products to customers all over the United States. In the given scenario, the local supplier is a(n) _____ of Trux.

stakeholder

Kia, a top-level manager in a software firm, is allocating the company's resources to meet the organization's long-term goals. She is also defining the organization's activities for the next five years. In this scenario, Kia is most likely contributing to developing the company's _____.

strategic plan

Ron, the general manager of a chain of fitness accessories, gave his employees the task of creating a breakthrough fitness device. This task was challenging yet clear, and it motivated his employees to innovate. This is most likely an example of a _____.

stretch goal

A difficulty managers often encounter when making decisions about subsystems is that:

subsystems are interdependent and decisions in one will affect operation requirements in another.

Mighty Leaf Tea Company and Bigelow Tea are ___________ to restaurants and cafeterias, providing tea in attractive display options that these retail establishments then use to sell tea to their customers.

suppliers

David, a middle-level manager in a graphic design firm, presents a detailed estimate of his team's budget and the approximate number of resources required for the next one year. In this scenario, David has most likely contributed to developing the company's _____.

tactical plan

To reduce the power distance in the company, the CEO of Plated Inc., a publication house, decides to implement some changes at the managerial level within each department of the company. He feels that restructuring each of the departments will drive growth and increase profits. However, the employees doubt the legitimacy of the change. Which of the following tactics would be the most effective in implementing the change?

top management support

Which of the following is a difference between principle-based statements and policy-based statements? a. Unlike principle-based statements, policy-based statements are a type of codes of ethics. b. Unlike principle-based statements, policy-based statements generally outline the procedures to be used in specific ethical situations. c. Unlike principle-based statements, policy-based statements contain general language about company responsibilities, quality of products, and treatment of employees. d. Unlike principle-based statements, policy-based statements define the fundamental values of a company.

unlike principle-based statements, policy-based statements generally outline the procedures to be used in specific ethical situations

Henry & David Inc. is a law firm in the United States. Recently, a female employee of the firm filed a sexual harassment complaint against her supervisor. To maintain the firm's internal and external reputation, the CEO of the firm directed the HR manager to turn a deaf ear to the complaint and suppress any rumors related to it. However, Seth, an employee at the firm, discovered this and reported the actions of the CEO to the concerned authorities. In this scenario, Seth is a(n):

whistle-blower

Jessica is a recent graduate. She begins her first job at a publishing house as a trainee editor. Jessica's manager is a highly authoritative person who closely monitors her performance. Jessica believes that if she obeys her manager's instructions, she can avoid harmful personal consequences. In the context of ethics, Jessica is at the _____ of moral development.

pre conventional level

The managers and employees in the manufacturing unit share a common outlook and find it easier to communicate with each other because they have similar training and experience.

Functional Structure

Emmanuel, a manager, takes a deep interest in the personal development of his team members. Therefore, whenever a problem arises, he talks to them one on one, understands their feelings about the problem, and considers the impact of a particular decision on them. Which of the following decision styles does Emmanuel use?

The behavioral style

Which of the following is a difference between the classical model of decision making and the administrative model of decision making?

The classical model defines how managers should make decisions, whereas the administrative model defines how managers actually make decisions.

Supermarket chains Kroger, Albertsons, and Safeway banded together to negotiate with labor unions.

This is an interorganizational partnership because Kroger, Albertsons, and Safeway maintained their separate identities while they negotiated with the labor unions.

Force-field analysis grew from the work of Kurt Lewin, who proposed that change was a result of the competition between driving and restraining forces.

True - Force-field analysis grew from the work of Kurt Lewin, who proposed that change was a result of the competition between driving and restraining forces in an organization. Driving forces can be thought of as problems or opportunities that provide motivation for change within the organization. Restraining forces are the various barriers to change, such as a lack of resources, resistance from middle managers, or inadequate employee skills.

Until recently, The Wisdom Den, a national chain of libraries, hired employees to manually manage annual subscriptions and keep a track of the books issued to customers. However, the management has now decided to replace the old method and upgrade to a database software program that is fairly simple to use. Although the librarians know that the implementation of the computerized system will to make their job easier, they are resistant to the change. Which of the following is most likely to be the reason behind the resistance?

Uncertainty

You are trying to get a group of students interested in forming an organization to help fight fee increases at your college. Unfortunately, things don't seem to be going very well—nobody in your group volunteered to go to a meeting with your college president next week. You want to create a culture that is active and involved. What should you do?

Make sure that anyone on your team who volunteers to take action gets a reward—publicly recognize their efforts. Make sure that you do what you want your team to do. If you want them to volunteer, you need to volunteer, too. Paint a verbal picture for your team of what life would be like if fees were reduced. Don't talk about taking action. Instead, get to know your team members better.

When Google created its China-based search engine www.google.cn, it did not foresee eventually abandoning it because of censorship issues with the Chinese government. Google created www.google.cn because country-based search engines, such as France-based www.google.fr and Greece-based www.google.gr, had been profitable for the company in the past. Which of the following biases could have been in effect when Google made the initial decision to launch www.google.cn?

Perpetuating the status quo

Which of the following decision styles is often adopted by managers having a deep concern for others as individuals?

The behavioral style

A manager with a global mind-set:

can perceive and respond to many different perspectives at the same time

For some time now, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), a pharmaceutical company, has been making anti-AIDS drugs available in underprivileged areas of Africa at up to 75% less than the global price. By providing the drugs at a lower cost, GSK is fulfilling its _____.

discretionary responsibility

Several cable companies, including Time Warner Cable, are under tremendous pressure to identify new strategies that will help them stay relevant and competitive in the market. Cable companies have to compete not only with each other but also with the Internet, because customers are now able to watch their favorite shows online through companies such as Netflix and Hulu, which provide video-on-demand services. If online streaming expands to the point where it annihilates the cable industry, it would be an example of a(n):

disruptive innovation

The _____ shows that the research, manufacturing, and sales and marketing departments within an organization simultaneously contribute to new products and technologies.

horizontal linkage model

MAS Holdings is an apparel manufacturer in Sri Lanka and has made a commitment to contribute to economic development while also improving the lives of employees, their families, and the community. More than 90 percent of the MAS employees are women, so MAS has built factories in rural areas with easy access so that women can work close to their homes and families. The given scenario illustrates the concept of _____.

organizational virtuousness

A lifeguard in Florida was fired for leaving his assigned zone because he opted to help a drowning man even though his supervisor had ordered him not to leave his zone and to call 911 for help instead. The actions of the lifeguard were motivated by his internal values. In the given scenario, the lifeguard is at the _____ of moral development.

post conventional level

Julia, the manager of a software firm, considers multiple perspectives before making crucial decisions. She handles unforeseen difficulties tactfully and is not afraid of taking risks. In the context of the dimensions of a global mind-set, this scenario best illustrates the _____.

psychological dimension

The people in the country Bleusville focus on the past and the present rather than on the future. In Bleusville, tradition and social obligation are considered important. This scenario best illustrates a(n) _____.

short-term orientation

Which of the following is a category of human behavior in which values and standards are written into the legal system and are enforceable in the courts? a. Ethics b. Codified law c. Free choice d. Norms

Codified Law

Which of the following is the last step in the managerial decision-making process?

Evaluation and feedback

Which of the following statements about managerial skills is true?

Failure of managers to achieve desired results is most often based on poor human skills and a failure to clarify direction and performance expectation.

If Barcelona has a core staff of restaurant managers and head chefs and contracts with staffing agencies to fill all other positions, from accountants to dishwashers, then the company has a __________ structure.

Network

The CEO of Alfredo's Sausage is considering moving to a functional structure. What would be the best reason to make such a move?

To gain more control over how the organization operates and centralize decision making

One result of globalization is that countries, businesses, and people become increasingly interdependent.

True

_____ identifies important factors in the environment and defines a range of alternative responses to be taken in the case of emergencies, setbacks, or unexpected conditions.

contingency planning

_____ is the highest level of total corporate social responsibility, is voluntary, and is demonstrated by a company's contributions to the community

discretionary responsibility

In your new job, which of the following can you expect? (Check all that apply.)

-If the environment is rapidly changing, the company will be able to respond quickly. -Two-boss employees will have to resolve conflicts between the competing priorities of their managers.

Reema is the manager of a fast-food restaurant. She uses rational methods and minimal information to solve day-to-day issues and to make quick decisions that support the needs of the restaurant. Reema encourages her team members to adhere to existing rules and policies when they make their own decisions and come up with simple solutions to problems. Which of the following decision styles does Reema use?

The directive style

In your new job, which of the following should you be prepared for? (Check all that apply.)

-A relatively high level of conflict, meaning a lot of time spent in meetings to resolve differences -The ability to bring up issues with the people who can help resolve them

When you examine the organizational chart of a __________ , you find that managers have wide spans of control and fewer layers of reporting relationships between frontline supervisors and senior executives.

Flat Structure

In the context of the approaches that help managers in ethical decision making, the _____ holds that moral behavior produces the greatest good for the greatest number.

Utilitarian approach

Cisco Systems uses a differentiation strategy. It offers its customers the latest in routers and switches. Cisco products may cost a bit more, but customers believe they are worth every penny. Cisco Systems will be more effective if it has __________ structure. Which of the following reasons explain this? (Check all that apply.)

an organic -Decentralized decision making allows for greater flexibility in meeting customer needs. -Shorter chains of command and horizontal communication allow for increased innovation.

Denver owns a bakery that creates customized cakes for business events and weddings. When he faced a problem with the execution of the design for a wedding cake, he assembled his team members in a room, explained the problem to them, and asked them to spontaneously suggest ways to resolve the problem. Denver was surprised by the number of innovative solutions he received from his team members. In the given scenario, Denver used a technique called _____.

brainstorming

In the context of the BCG (Boston Consulting Group) matrix, the _____ exists in a mature, slow-growth industry but is a dominant business in the industry, with a large market share.

cash cow

Plymouth Machinery and Tools, a hardware company, has installed a new product management software program in its factories. The intent of the company is to streamline the supply and distribution processes for increased efficiency and lower costs. The software is meant to be used by inventory managers who work on the shop floor and in the logistics department. However, the managers need more information to understand the change. Which of the following change implementation tactics should be used in this scenario?

communication and education

Victoria is a top executive working with the managers in the major divisions of a multinational corporation to develop their own goals. This is most likely an example of _____.

denaturalized planning

Delwazic Inc. is a multinational corporation (MNC) that does not favor any specific country. It operates globally and does not identify as a company of any particular nationality. In this scenario, Delwazic Inc. is most likely a(n)

geocentric country

Which of the following statements is a characteristic of effective goals? a. They are flexible in terms of time period. b. They are not too specific. c. They are not challenging. d. They are linked to rewards.

they are linked to rewards

Hannah is an HR specialist at an investment firm, and she is responsible for conflict management. She believes that conflicts should be resolved in a way that is beneficial to all involved. Therefore, when a conflict arose between the heads of the finance department and the legal department over the shared use of an employee, she came up with a schedule that allowed both the departments to use the expertise of the employee without hindering each other's schedules. In the context of the various ethical decision-making approaches, Hannah's beliefs and actions are consistent with those asserted by the:

utilitarian approach

Examine the following companies and their decisions. Which of them is most likely to have faced an ethical dilemma during the decision-making process? a. A company that has surplus production of wheat and, hence, exports it to other countries b. A company that makes significantly high profits in a particular quarter and, hence, rewards each employee with a $200 gift voucher c. A company that wants to enhance its positive public image and, hence, pledges 30% of its annual sales profits to a cancer foundation d. A company that wants to lower its costs and, hence, outsources its production to a foreign company that uses child labor

A company that wants to lower its costs and, hence, outsources its production to a foreign company that uses child labor

According to the information in the table, which of the following conclusions is most likely to be true?

A mass production design is likely to be effective if your bakery is operating in a stable environment without a lot of competition.

Given Barcelona's emphasis on innovation and a fine dining experience customers can find nowhere else, as well as a dynamic environment of constantly changing food prices and dining trends, which structure is the best fit overall for this company?

An organic, decentralized structure using teams

If it used to take each man 4 hours to monitor one fifth of the sheep, it now takes Brian less than 20 hours to monitor all the sheep.

Benefit

The cost of renting one large blanket-selling stand at the market is less than the combined cost of renting five small stands.

Benefit

An organization's __________ conforms to the scalar principle when an unbroken line of authority links all employees in an organization.

Chain of Command

Benjamin has accepted a management position overseas in Japan. He is excited about this opportunity and has been learning about Japanese culture and how his current environment will change. In the context of the dimensions of a global mind-set, Benjamin is most likely using the _____.

Cognitive dimension

What problem might the CEO expect if the company switches to a team-based structure?

Decentralized decision making may reduce economies of scale, making the company less efficient.

The accounting department in the Carribbean unit consists of three people, so they do not have the budget for much training and don't interact with a range of colleagues with accounting expertise.

Divisional Structure

When the unit focusing on business-to-business (B2B) customers develops a new, highly effective customer-tracking system, this system is not shared with the unit focusing on individual retail customers.

Divisional Structure

The workers may focus on their own needs and not understand or be concerned with the needs of the four workers doing different jobs.

Drawback

Which of the following would NOT fall among the resources that a manager uses in the process of management? Information Efficiency Human resources Raw materials

Efficiency

The management of Axil Inc., an investment firm, believes in providing the best facilities to its employees. It decides to provide the employees with expensive Colombian coffee and free lunch. In the context of human action, the firm's decisions and beliefs pertain to the domain of _____.

Free choice

The organization achieves economies of scale because units like customer service, shipping, and legal that serve the entire organization are relatively large.

Functional Structure

Allison, a manager, needs to make a decision about a problem she is facing in her current project. She has identified the decision requirement and has analyzed the causes of the problem. Which of the following actions should she take next?

Generate possible alternative solutions to the problem

Delwazic Inc. is a multinational corporation (MNC) that does not favor any specific country. It operates globally and does not identify as a company of any particular nationality. In this scenario, Delwazic Inc. is most likely a(n) _____.

Geocentric company

Vladimir is a manager at Auttowort Inc., an automotive plant in the United States. Auttowort has started expanding to other countries and is now sourcing 25 percent of its parts at a discounted rate from an automotive supplier in Brazil. It has also outsourced some of its operations to India. This scenario most likely exemplifies:

Globalization

The trend recently has been for organizations to adopt __________ structures, in which employees lower in the hierarchy have more decision-making authority.

More Decentralized

Andy contrasts Barcelona restaurants with other establishments where employees are "told how to answer a phone and how to set a table and how to greet guests and it's all in giant books that they have to memorize." Barcelona's more relaxed work rules could help it achieve:

Relational coordination

A cafeteria's microwave ovens, its short-order cooks' skills, and its process for setting up the salad bar with fresh vegetables are all part of its __________.

Technology

Delaco Steel, a U.S. steelmaker, and ArcelorMittal, a Luxembourg steelmaker, work together to run two new laser welding plants.

This is an example of a joint venture because Delaco Steel and ArcelorMittal run the new welding plants together, in essence, creating a third company.

Pharmaceutical companies such as AstraZeneca monitor the research going on in university laboratories to speed up the development of new drugs.

When AstraZeneca employees look at university research, they gather information spanning several boundaries, including technological, customers, competitors, and suppliers.

The president of Digital Girls Inc., a start-up committed to teaching young girls from rural areas how to code and develop computer programs and applications, wants to restructure the organization and refocus the organization's mission to ensure that the most underprivileged segments of its target population are able to access its services for free. To discuss the change, the president meets all the managers, board members, and employees of the organization because the change would impact them as well. For several days, they work with an organization development professional to identify the best ways to deliver the organization's services. The given scenario illustrates _____.

a large group intervention

The triple bottom line provides a systematic way to identify the expectations, needs, importance, and relative power of various stakeholders.

false

Manager C is a middle manager in Corporation M. In her daily activities, her _____ skills are required at a greater degree than her _____ skills.

human; conceptual

Shanice, an employee at a firm, usually foresees the need for change in her workplace before anyone else. She can also visualize the benefits of new ventures accurately and has a knack for supporting these ventures politically within the firm. Shanice is most likely a(n) _____.

idea champion

Brenda believes that her country lacks adequate public facilities. She sets up a program to establish facilities such as highways and clean public restrooms in different parts of the country. In this scenario, Brenda is most likely contributing to improving the country's _____.

infrastructure

Chicago Youth Centers, a nonprofit that provides services to children ages 3 to school age, entered an _____________________________ with Family Focus, which serves children ages 0 to 3, so that each organization could achieve cost savings and enhance its services.

interorganizational partnership

Ropalique is a popular clothing brand in the country Wesabania. The company wants to expand its market and decides to establish itself in the country Tristonville. To accomplish this, Ropalique collaborates with a local clothing brand called Vestinx in Tristonville and provides resources and trademark rights to Vestinx. This enables Vestinx to produce and market Ropalique's products. In the context of strategies for entering the international arena, Ropalique is most likely using

licensing

Ropalique is a popular clothing brand in the country Wesabania. The company wants to expand its market and decides to establish itself in the country Tristonville. To accomplish this, Ropalique collaborates with a local clothing brand called Vestinx in Tristonville and provides resources and trademark rights to Vestinx. This enables Vestinx to produce and market Ropalique's products. In the context of strategies for entering the international arena, Ropalique is most likely using _____.

licensing

Toyota Motor Corporation announced a recall of millions of units of its cars because of an accelerator pedal problem that was diagnosed after the company received complaints from several customers. Toyota had never before faced a similar situation, and therefore, the decision to recall the units was a

nonporgrammed decision

Raj, a lower-level manager at a content writing firm, instructed his subordinate to complete 12 articles by the end of the week. This is most likely an example of a(n) _____.

operational goal

_____ is defined as the risk of loss of assets, earning power, or managerial control due to actions by host governments.

political risk

When managers look at current trends, visualize the future, and think about what could be, rather than looking only at history and thinking about what has been, they are most likely using _____.

scenario building

The people in the country Bleusville focus on the past and the present rather than on the future. In Bleusville, tradition and social obligation are considered important. This scenario best illustrates a(n) _____.

short term orientation

Which of the following goals applies primarily to middle management? a. Ad hoc goals b. Strategic goals c. Tactical goals d. Operational goals

tactical goals

In a __________ effort, Hallmark reimagined and redesigned the way in which it brought new cards to market, cutting the time from three years to less than one year.

Reengineering

A company's strategy defines what the company will do, and __________ defines how it will execute the strategy.

Organizing

Layla is applying for a __________ position, in which she will coordinate the activities of the engineering and manufacturing departments to achieve a 5% reduction in defect rate.

Project Manager

Advantages of this structure include: (Check all that apply.)

-High focus on the customer -Strong coordination across functional areas

"Where would it make sense for managers to have wide spans of control?" (Check all that apply.)

-In shipping, where most employees are very experienced and highly trained -In manufacturing, where most employees perform similar tasks that don't change much over time

__________ is involved when your manager reviews your performance and evaluates your outcomes.

Accountability

When managers meet to discuss __________, topics on the agenda include how tasks will be assigned, reporting relationships, and how to coordinate effort across departments.

Organization Structure

Each worker will become more productive, because he will develop a high level of expertise in his task.

Benefit

Check My Work A manager with a global mind-set:

Can perceive and respond to many different perspectives at the same time

Which of the following is a difference between programmed decisions and nonprogrammed decisions?

Unlike nonprogrammed decisions, programmed decisions are made in response to recurring organizational problems.

In the context of the BCG (Boston Consulting Group) matrix, the _____ is a poor performer that has only a small share of a slow-growth market.

dog

The first stage in achieving behavioral and attitudinal change is:

unfreezing

Which of the following is a characteristic of creative organizations?

They have reward systems that encourage innovation.

Which of the following is the most cost-effective strategy for a company to enter the international arena?

exporting

Which of the following is the most cost-effective strategy for a company to enter the international arena? a. Licensing b. Acquisition c. Franchising d. Exporting

exporting

An organization's _____ is at the top of its goal hierarchy.

mission statement

Scott says about his employees, "They might not always make the choice that I would make. Sometimes they make a better one." From this statement, you can infer that Barcelona is:

A decentralized organization

In an organization, the CEO has the __________ that the position of CEO gives her, and she has the right to make decisions to be carried out by subordinates.

Authority

By selling the five pieces of equipment each man used to perform all five steps, each worker can buy more advanced equipment necessary for his unique task.

Benefit

As an organization becomes more organic, its span of management becomes __________.

Broader

If Barcelona is organized by restaurant, with everyone who works in a restaurant reporting to the same manager, it has a __________ structure.

Divisional

During a time of crisis, an organization may become __________, placing more decision-making authority near the top of the organization.

More Centralized

Andy says he wants his managers to "self-start" and tells new employees, "When people walk in the door, I don't want them looking for me. I want them looking for you." You can infer from this statement that Andy:

Prefers to delegate to subordinates

What problem might the CEO expect if the company switches to a functional structure?

The new structure will be slower to respond to changes in the environment.

Brazil's economic growth slowed over the past few years, but it is still one of the fastest-growing emerging economies in the world.

True

Benjamin has accepted a management position overseas in Japan. He is excited about this opportunity and has been learning about Japanese culture and how his current environment will change. In the context of the dimensions of a global mind-set, Benjamin is most likely using the _____.

a cognitive dimension

Which of the following implementation tactics is most likely to be used in crisis situations when a rapid response is required?

coercion

In the context of Porter's competitive strategies, which of the following is an organizational characteristic typically associated with differentiation?

it involves rewarding employee innovation

In a food manufacturing company, the decision to reorder raw materials when inventories drop to a certain level is an example of a(n) _____.

programmed decision

Disadvantages of this structure include: (Check all that apply.)

-Confusion and frustration from having two bosses -A need for many meetings to resolve conflicts

Which of the following characteristics would you expect GardenGrow to have? (Check all that apply.)

-Decision making in this company occurs lower in the chain of command, with product managers responsible for problem solving. -Certain functions within the company will be duplicated within each division. -By bringing employees together to make a single product, this company breaks down barriers between departments.

For the front of the house, where employees interact directly with customers to produce a dining experience, which structure is the best fit?

An organic, decentralized structure

Amanda, the CEO of a company, knows that constructive conflict can help bring problems to the forefront and develop innovative solutions for them. When she faced the conflict of whether or not to merge with a rival company, she brought the issue to the notice of a select group of employees and encouraged them to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the merger. She assigned Steve, the vice president of the company, the task of challenging each and every assumption and assertion made by the group. In the given scenario, Steve played the role of a _____.

Devil's advocate

Jake becomes extremely bored with hauling blankets to market over and over, and he misses getting to herd and shear the sheep.

Drawback

Achieving better quality requires companywide participation in quality control. Within total quality management, this concept is known as: employee involvement. Theory X. the Hawthorne effect. benchmarking.

Employee involvement

Employees who do a particular type of work, such as sales or accounting, have more opportunity to develop in-depth expertise.

Functional Structure

People in manufacturing communicate mostly with other manufacturing employees and relatively little with people in engineering and sales.

Functional Structure

Modern management is best characterized by which of the following statements?

Managers are always looking for techniques and approaches that more adequately respond to customer needs and the demands of the environment.

You would study a business's __________ to see a visual representation of its vertical structure, including the chain of command.

Organization Chart

_____ are made in response to situations that have occurred frequently enough to enable managers to develop decision rules that can be applied in the future.

Programmed decisions

Which of the following managerial roles would be more likely to be emphasized in a nonprofit organization than in a for-profit corporation?

Resource allocator

Managers in a large organization are less likely to be called upon in this role than a manager in a small business.

Spokesperson

A human resource generalist has the __________ to advise supervisors on how to handle employee disciplinary actions.

Staff Authority

If you are looking at the organization chart of a __________, you see more hierarchical levels and managers with relatively narrow spans of control.

Tall Structure

_____ refers to what sets an organization apart from others and provides it with a distinctive edge for meeting customer or client needs in the marketplace.

competitive advantage

Playyonic is a gaming console manufacturer that manufactures compact high-end gaming devices. None of Playyonic's competitors have been able to meet its standard. This is most likely an example of Playyonic's _____.

core competence

At the preconventional level of moral development, individuals are guided by an internal set of values based on universal principles of justice.

false

Employees in each unit tend to be focused on their work specialty rather than on the customer, so the organization can be slow to respond to changes in the business environment.

Functional Structure

Which of the following reasons explains why some nonprofits are complying with the aspects of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act?

It allows them to be more competitive when seeking funds.

Which of the following statements is true of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)? a. It reduced income. b. It intended to spur investment. c. It increased trade tariffs. d. It intended to reduce exports.

it intended to spur investment

In a _____, people use communication primarily to exchange facts and information.

low-context culture

Hannah has invested in a business unit in a new and rapidly growing industry that has a small market share. In the context of the BCG (Boston Consulting Group) matrix, Hannah has most likely invested in a _____.

question mark

Julia, the manager of a software firm, considers multiple perspectives before making crucial decisions. She handles unforeseen difficulties tactfully and is not afraid of taking risks. In the context of the dimensions of a global mind-set, this scenario best illustrates the _____.

Psychological dimension

In the country Blestonia, people value relationships over business. They use communication as a means of building social relationships rather than to merely exchange information. Given this information, it can be concluded that Blestonia has a _____.

high-context culture

Which of the following characteristics would you expect Alfredo's Sausage to have? (Check all that apply.)

-The emphasis in this company is on horizontal communication, which facilitates rapid decision making. -Decision making in this company is decentralized, with responsibility pushed to lower levels. -This organizational structure is particularly effective when operating in an environment that demands flexibility.

"Under what circumstances should I hire more managers so each can have a narrower span of control?" (Check all that apply.)

-When few management support resources, such as technology or people, are in place -When tasks are new and few procedures are in place to guide how work should be done

Employees doing different kinds of work, such as research and development, manufacturing, and sales, tend to communicate with one another more and coordinate their activities.

Divisional Structure

Goals that are precise and measurable and carried out by departments, work groups, and individuals are called _____.

operational goals

"Which of the following are often used by organizations to promote relational coordination?" (Check all that apply.)

-Training in how to resolve conflicts by focusing on shared goals -Open office plans with few walls and small spaces where people can hold impromptu meetings -Relaxation of work rules so employees have the freedom to contribute however they can

A trend has been for states to increase their minimum wage, and at the beginning of 2014, 13 states raised the minimum amount employers may pay most workers. The change in these regulations and the ongoing advocacy for more such changes is part of the ________________of the general environment.

legal-political dimension

Which of the following is an assumption underlying the political model of decision making?

It assumes that decisions are the result of bargaining and discussion among coalition members.

Which of the following statements is true of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?

It intended to spur investment.

Which of the following statements is true of global leaders?

They have extensive experience interacting with people different from themselves

Dayonara, a highly talented engineer, is part of a small, autonomous, and secretive creative team in a software development company. The objective of the team is to focus on breakthrough ideas and develop innovative technologies such as microbots. While the company's headquarters is located in Chicago, this team works in a private facility in Simi Valley, California. Dayonara is most likely part of a(n) _____.

skunkworks

Zappos.com, an online shoe retailer, is well known for its quirky and fun work culture. Employees are encouraged to have fun at work because that fun and pure enjoyment of their job will shine through to the customer. A few of its corporate values are: "Deliver WOW Through Service" and "Create Fun and A Little Weirdness." CEO, Tony Hsieh, has played a large role in shaping the unique culture at Zappos. Recently, however, Zappos has experienced a culture change. Tony Hsieh decided to shift the company from a traditional hierarchy to an organizational design model called Holacracy. In Holacracy, authority and decision-making are distributed across self-managed teams. Employees no longer report to a manager, but they do have mentors that can help on a more personal level. Employees are encouraged to join teams, or circles, based on job roles or social activities that they are interested in. The transition has not been easy. It has taken some Zappos employees a little time to find their best fit and around 18% of employees have left the company. Tony Hsieh remains committed to Holacracy and what he believes it can do for Zappos. One of Tony Hsieh's most important roles now is to act as a cultural leader for Zappos. Using your knowledge of cultural leaders, which of the following would be the best ways for Hsieh to guide the culture at Zappos in light of the switch to Holacracy?

Acknowledge that Holacracy will be an experiment, and that Zappos may move back to their traditional hierarchy. Communicate directly to employees about the changes and expectations.

A trend in business today is to __________ authority and responsibility to the lowest level possible in the organization; this frees up time for upper management to focus on strategic issues.

Delegate

All the employees in a unit work on citrus drinks, like orange juice and lemonade, so they know a lot about the customers for that product line.

Divisional Structure

Human resources is done separately in each of the seven units serving different geographic areas, and having seven smaller HR departments is less efficient than having one.

Divisional Structure

The machinery that Daesun buys is much more efficient than Cedric's machinery, so Daesun often has downtime while he waits for Cedric to shear more sheep.

Drawback

If Barcelona has a kitchen manager whom all kitchen staff report to, and a dining room manager whom all waitstaff report to, as well as a manager for each restaurant whom everyone working in that restaurant reports to, the company has a __________ structure.

Matrix

Which of the following terms means that decision makers choose the first solution alternative that meets minimal decision criteria?

Satisficing

Wells Fargo combined with Wachovia to form the nation's fourth largest banking corporation.

This is a merger because Wells Fargo and Wachovia joined together to become one company.

The CEO of GardenGrow is considering moving to a team-based structure. What would be the best reason to make such a move?

To respond more flexibly to a changing environment

One approach to innovation involves established companies buying small start-up companies in order to obtain their products, services, and talent.

True - An approach to innovation in recent years has been to buy start-up companies in order to obtain the innovative products and services, and often the talent behind them as well. This innovation by acquisition strategy recognizes that the cutting edge of innovation often happens with young, small, entrepreneurial companies rather than inside the walls of established firms

Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in the United States and very expensive to treat, but now a joint venture of managed services provider Hitachi Consulting, medical device manufacturer Vital Connect, and information specialist ClearStory Data has developed a __________________ solution that can detect sepsis early enough to treat it by uploading real-time patient data to the cloud and analyzing it there with many other pieces of data.

big data analytics

In the context of competitive advantage, when an organization's parts interact to produce a joint effect that is greater than the sum of the parts acting alone, it is referred to as _____.

synergy