Managing Organizational Structure and Culture CH 10

A way in which organizations can keep their hierarchy flat is by: A) decreasing the span of control B) increasing the numbers of levels of management C) decentralizing authority

C) decentralizing authority

_____ refers to the number of subordinates who report directly to a manager. A) Span of control B) synergy C) esprit de corps

A) Span of control

The degree to which a job allows a worker to schedule the tasks of the job and to decide how to carry out these tasks is known as _____. A) autonomy B) task significance C) task identity

A) autonomy

An organization's hierarchy of authority refers to an organization's _____. A) chain of command B) synergy C) esprit de corps

A) chain of command

The extent to which doing a job gives the worker direct and clear information about how well the worker is performing the job is known as: A) feedback B) autonomy C) skill variety

A) feedback

Josh works for a company where he is given the freedom to decide how best to carry out the tasks assigned to him. From the information given, it can be said that Josh's job has _____. A) high autonomy B) low task significance C) high task identity

A) high autonomy

The process by which managers decide how to divide tasks into specific jobs is known as _____. A) job design B)job procurement C) span of control

A) job design

Increasing the number of different tasks in a given job by changing the division of labor is known as _____. A) job enlargement B) job simplification C) job enrichment

A) job enlargement

Kevin noticed that Derek, an automotive technician at his repair shop, was getting bored of repeatedly performing the lone task of changing oil, so Kevin assigned him the additional duty of fixing tires. This is an example of _____. A) job enlargement B) job simplification C) job enrichment

A) job enlargement

The principle of _____ states that top managers should always construct a hierarchy with the fewest levels of authority necessary to efficiently and effectively use organizational resources. A) minimum chain of command B) unity of command C) centralization

A) minimum chain of command

The shared set of beliefs, expectations, values, and norms that influence how members of an organization relate to one another and cooperate to achieve organizational goals is referred to as _____. A) organizational culture B) organizational design C) organizational intelligence

A) organizational culture

_____ refer(s) to the moral values, beliefs, and rules that establish the appropriate way for an organization and its members to deal with each other and with people outside the organization. A) organizational ethics B) organizational design C) organizational intelligence

A) organizational ethics

_____ refers to the formal system of task and job reporting relationships that determines how employees use resources to achieve organizational goals. A) organizational structure B) organizational culture C) organizational norms

A) organizational structure

Andy, the CEO of Alpha Inc., structured his organization according to the goods it manufactured. Which of the following structures is the organization using? A) product structure B) functional structure C) matrix structure

A) product structure

The degree to which programmed solutions are available to people or functions to solve the problems they encounter is known as _____. A) task analyzability B) task variety C) task identity

A) task analyzability

A committee of managers from different functions or divisions who meet to solve a specific, mutual problem is called a: A) task force B) product team structure C) virtual team

A) task force

The extent to which a job requires that a worker perform all the activities that are required to complete a job is called: A) task identity B) skill variety C) span of control

A) task identity

The greater the level of uncertainty in an organization's environment: A) the more complex its strategy and technology B) the less qualified and skilled its workforce C) the less likely employees are to be given autonomy

A) the more complex its strategy and technology

Cultures whose values and norms help an organization to build momentum and to grow and change as needed to achieve its goals and be effective are referred to as: A) aggressive cultures B) adaptive cultures C) inert cultures

B) adaptive cultures

Which of the following cultures develops an emphasis on entrepreneurship and respect for the employee and allows the use of organizational structures that empower employees to make decisions and motivate them to succeed? A) aggressive cultures B) adaptive cultures C) inert culture

B) adaptive cultures

The relative authority that each manager in the organization has, from the CEO down to the lowest-level employees, is called the: A) market structure of the organization B) chain of command of the organization C) synergy of the organization

B) chain of command of the organization

Giving lower-level managers and nonmanagerial employees the right to make important decisions about how to use organizational resources is referred to as _____. A) span of control B) decentralizing authority C) maximum chain of command

B) decentralizing authority

The result of the job design process is a(n): A) decrease in efficiency and effectiveness B) division of labor among employees C) decrease in employee productivity

B) division of labor among employees

A _____refers to an organizational structure composed of all the departments that an organization requires to produce its goods or services. A) product structure B) functional structure C) matrix structure

B) functional structure

The more complicated the technology that an organization uses, the: A) lesser is the need for a progressive culture B) greater is the need for a flexible structure C) more appropriate is a formal structure

B) greater is the need for a flexible structure

A _____ strategy that is aimed at driving down expenditures in all functions usually fares best in a more _____ structure with more conservative norms. A) differentiation; flexible B) low-cost; formal C) low-cost; informal

B) low-cost; formal

_____ refers to the shared set of beliefs, values, and norms that influence how people and groups work together to achieve organizational goals. A) organizational structure B) organizational culture C) organizational hierarchy

B) organizational culture

The extent to which a job requires the worker to use a wide range of knowledge and abilities is known as _____. A) task identity B) skill variety C) span of control

B) skill variety

What is the advantage of a product structure? A) It allows managers to gain expertise in many industries. B) It allows managers to group people by function and product simultaneously. C) It allows functional managers to fine-tune their skills in a particular product area.

C) It allows functional managers to fine-tune their skills in a particular product area.

Which of the following is true of a matrix structure? A) Managers organize divisions based solely on the type of good or service they provide. B) Managers group people who perform similar jobs C) Managers group people by function and product simultaneously.

C) Managers group people by function and product simultaneously

Task significance refers to the: A) degree to which a job gives an employee the freedom and discretion needed to schedule different tasks and decide how to carry them out. B) extent to which a job requires that a worker perform all the tasks necessary to complete the job, from the beginning to the end of the production process. C) degree to which a worker feels his or her job is meaningful because of its effect on people inside the organization or on people outside the organization.

C) degree to which a worker feels his or her job is meaningful because of its effect on people inside the organization or on people outside the organization.

A cross-functional team refers to a(n): A) group of employees who specialize in all the tasks required to produce the end product. B) organizational structure in which each kind of customer is served by a self-contained division. C) group of managers brought together from different departments to perform organizational tasks.

C) group of managers brought together from different departments to perform organizational tasks.

The idea behind the concept of job enrichment is that: A) increasing the number of tasks performed by a worker reduces the need for additional human resource B) increasing the range of tasks performed by a worker reduces boredom and fatigue. C) increasing workers' responsibility increases their involvement in their jobs.

C) increasing workers' responsibility increases their involvement in their jobs

Cultures whose values and norms fail to motivate or inspire employees and lead to stagnation and, often, failure over time, are referred to as: A) aggressive cultures B) adaptive cultures C) inert cultures

C) inert culture

In which of the following cultures are employees content to be told what to do and have little incentive or motivation to perform beyond minimum work requirements? A) aggressive cultures B) adaptive cultures C) inert culture

C) inert culture

Which of the following is a characteristic of the organizational culture in a flat, decentralized structure? A) it gives people little personal autonomy B) it has norms that focus on being cautious C) it encourages people to be innovative

C) it encourages people to be innovative

Which of the following is a characteristic of the organizational culture in a tall organization? A) it gives people more personal autonomy B) it has norms that discourage cautiousness C) it lays emphasis on obeying authority

C) it lays emphasis on obeying authority

Increasing the degree of responsibility a worker has over a job is called _____. A) job enlargement B) job simplification C) job enrichment

C) job enrichment

When managers organize divisions based solely on the type of customer they focus on, they adopt a _____. A) product structure B) functional structure C) market structure

C) market structure

A _____ refers to an organizational structure that simultaneously groups people and resources by function and by product. A) product structure B) functional structure C) matrix structure

C) matrix structure

_____ is the process by which managers create a specific type of organizational structure and culture. A) contingency planning B) tactical planning C) organizational design

C) organizational design

Which of the following is a result of too much job simplification A) increased motivation among employees B) reduced job monotony C) reduced efficiency

C) reduced efficiency

Task variety refers to: A) the degree to which programmed solutions are available to people or functions to solve the problems they encounter. B) the degree to which a worker finds his job captivating or interesting. C) the number of new or unexpected problems that a person or function encounters in performing jobs

C) the number of new or unexpected problems that a person or function encounters in performing jobs