Marriage and Family Final

The U.S. State Department estimates that about ___________ persons, mostly women and girls, are trafficked across international borders to serve as involuntary sex workers. A) 300,000 B) 800,000 C) 1 million D) 1.4 million E) 3.0 million

D

What perspective provides a synthesis of macro-level and micro-level factors? A) patriarchy B) stress C) family privacy D) the intergenerational transmission of violence E) power and control

E

A ________ is a place where child care is provided in a nonresidential facility. A) day care center B) family child care provider C) nanny D) primary center E) tertiary center

A

According to World Map 2.1: A) Africa and the Middle East are the regions most likely to permit the practice of polygamy. B) Polyandry occurs most frequently in South America. C) China is most likely to permit neolocal patterns. D) Russia and Greenland are the most likely to permit matriarchy. E) The U.S. and Canada are the most likely to permit only polyandry. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 46-47

A) Africa and the Middle East are the regions most likely to permit the practice of polygamy.

30) ________ are most likely to marry outside their race or ethnic group, and _________ are least likely to do so. A) Asian Americans; Whites B) Hispanics; Asian Americans C) Whites; Native Americans D) Blacks; Whites E) Native Americans; Blacks

A) Asian Americans; Whites

Which of the following CORRECTLY illustrates the impact of race, ethnicity, and social class on gender socialization? A) Black women and girls are more satisfied with their body types than are their White counterparts. B) White girls are more likely than Black girls to say that they are beautiful, that they like their bodies, and that they like themselves the way they are. C) Girls, particularly rich upper-class girls, are at the center of most television programming and play the most roles. D) The upper class, especially upper-class Blacks, are the group most likely to support gender equality. E) Actually, race, ethnicity, and social class do not impact gender socialization.

A) Black women and girls are more satisfied with their body types than are their White counterparts.

There are several reasons that Blacks have the lowest marriage rates, according to the text. Which is NOT one of these reasons? A) Blacks value marriage less than do other groups. B) Blacks have set high standards for marriage and they sometimes cannot meet these standards. C) Some Black communities have a skewed sex ratio. D) Black men have less education than Black women.

A) Blacks value marriage less than do other groups.

26) What is so special about "One Child's Very Special First Fourth of July" as discussed in the feature box? A) Chloe was recently adopted from an orphanage in China by a loving American family. B) Te is a Vietnamese child who was airlifted out of Vietnam immediately after the war ended. C) A young boy in Sierra Leone, whose parents have died of AIDS, finds an orphanage that is willing to feed, house, and clothe him, which is something he never dreamed would happen. D) Cherie is an Alaska Native living in a remote Alaskan village who watched television for the very first time. E) A girl in Rwanda recounts the genocide she narrowly escaped ten years ago.

A) Chloe was recently adopted from an orphanage in China by a loving American family.

Which group is the largest in the U.S.? A) Hispanics B) Blacks C) Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders D) American Indians E) Eskimos, Aleuts

A) Hispanics

Why does women's average level of education affect women's status in society? A) It offers women new viewpoints on the world and the ability to read and access information. B) It creates greater conflict between husbands and wives. C) It tends to increase fertility, and women's status improves with a greater number of children. D) Women tend to leave the country after receiving an education and move to countries that are less patriarchal. E) Women who are educated are most likely to practice Sharia.

A) It offers women new viewpoints on the world and the ability to read and access information.

After centuries of having a high fertility rate and low life expectancy, China has changed. Over the last few decades China has achieved very low fertility rates, and life expectancy has increased significantly. This is referred to as the: A) population revolution B) sandwich generation C) fertility change cycle D) demographic transition E) population growth cycle

D

________ is a method that answers questions through a systematic collection and analysis of data, including description and a determination of cause and effect. A) Theory B) Comparative perspective C) Family systems theory D) The means-tested approach E) The empirical approach

E) The empirical approach

The slave trade in America was well underway by about: A.) 1600 B.) 1690 C.) 1720 D.) 1790 E.) 1850

D.) 1790

A family allowance (or a child allowance): A) is a universal cash benefit given to families with children to offset some of the costs associated with raising children B) was begun in many European countries as early as the beginning of the 18th century C) was created in the U.S. in the 1960s, alongside Medicare, the health program for the elderly D) is found in about 33 countries around the world E) is structured differently in different countries, but is generally extended to children from the time of birth until they begin elementary school

A

A government cash assistance entitlement program for the elderly that we have come to call "Social Security" is actually titled: A) Old Age, Survivor, and Disability Insurance B) gerontology C) poor laws D) Medicare E) regressive tax

A

A growing movement that emphasizes tougher laws, more stringent enforcement of laws, training programs for those who work with victims and perpetrators, and a well coordinated effort to offer victims the protection and services they need is called: A) zero tolerance B) one step at a time C) violent resistance D) trafficking E) victim-focused strategy

A

About ________ American women under age 20 become pregnant each year. A) 400,000 B) 650,000 C) 900,000 D) 1.2 million E) 2.3 million

A

According to the Conflict Tactics Scale, which is NOT an example of a physically aggressive response? A) stomped out of a room or house B) threatened to hit or throw something at someone C) slapped someone D) threatened someone with a knife E) threw something at someone

A

An interdisciplinary science of aging that draws upon biology, medicine, and the social sciences is called: A) gerontology B) gerifocus C) generational study D) agifocus E) oldenology

A

Children who live with their grandparents seem to have higher rates of poverty and other problems in what types of contexts? A) children who live with their grandparents, and their parents are absent B) children who live with their grandparents, and their parents are present C) children who live with a single grandmother, and their parents are present D) children who live with a single grandfather, and their parents are present

A

Children who seem the most competent and contented, who have the fewest behavioral problems, and who seem to have the most academic successes are likely to have been raised by parents with a/an ________ parenting style. A) authoritative B) permissive C) cognitive D) authoritarian E) transitional

A

Huong believes that much of our domestic violence is related to the fact that we live in a culture that seems to glorify violence in general, including on television, in sports, and in everyday language. Huong is probably a believer in which theoretical explanation of violence among intimates? A) cultural norms support violence B) patriarchy C) family privacy D) the intergenerational transmission of violence E) stress

A

Intimate partner violence has many consequences. Which is NOT one of them? A) Costs exceed 1 billion dollars, most of which goes to medical and mental health care. B) Victims lose nearly 8 million days of paid work a year, the equivalent of more than 32,000 full-time jobs. C) Intimate partner violence, and the chronic stress that accompanies it, can wreak havoc on the immune and endocrine systems, inducing fibromyalgia, gynecological disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, or gastrointestinal problems. D) Many victims are depressed, have anxiety, sleep disturbances, have low self-esteem, are socially isolated, and have thoughts of suicide. E) Despite the clear need for mental health care, many women, minority women in particular, often experience barriers to getting care.

A

Jean Piaget focused on how people think and understand, and make meaning of their experiences. He identified four (4) stages. Which is NOT one of them? A) motor-coordinated thought B) sensorimotor intelligence C) preoperational thought D) concrete operational thought E) formal operational thought

A

Life expectancy: A) represents how long a person can expect to live, on average, and can be calculated at any age B) is always calculated at birth C) was only about 60 for males and 58 for females in 1900 D) has made substantial gains of at least 20 years in all parts of the world over the past century E) is now about 79 years for males and 84 years for females in the U.S.

A

Most substantiated cases of elder abuse occur: A) in the victim's home B) in an institution C) among illegal immigrants D) by men E) from sexual abuse

A

One study found that parents who earned less than $15,000-$20,000 per year are ________ likely to abuse their children than are higher-income parents. A) far more B) slightly more C) equally likely D) slightly less E) far less

A

Opposition to child labor: A) began in the North, and a child labor law was passed in Massachusetts in 1836 that required children under 15 working in factories to attend school for at least 3 months per year B) was seen in the Republican party platform that voted to ban factory employment for children under age 12 C) caused many factories to move to the West to avoid the growing protections of children D) was seen in the 1952 legislation that, for the first time, created a federal minimum age of employment and maximum hours of work for children E) was likely strongly supported by the children's parents because they wanted their children to stay in school so that they could have a better life

A

Parenting attitudes and practices depend to a large extent on: A) the type of tasks or competencies that members of a society are expected to have B) how much time fathers spend with their children C) the degree to which mothers and their children sleep together D) whether families are extended E) the number of children in the family and their sex

A

Researchers track the degree of impairment that elders face in things such as bathing, dressing, eating, or walking indoors by using a common set of measures called: A) activities of daily living (ADL) B) informal care C) long-term care scale D) formal care E) dementia

A

Some studies using the Conflict Tactics Scale have found that: A) women tend to show higher rates of physical aggression than do men, but these findings may not be accurate B) there is an underreporting of physical violence by women because women are less likely than men to remember their own acts of violence and they may not see their acts as abusive C) the consequences of violence are more serious for men than for women D) it overreports acts of sexual violence E) men are more likely to use psychologically aggressive responses while women are more likely to use physically aggressive responses

A

Terri is feeling overwhelmed by many different commitments and not having enough time to meet each commitment effectively. She is experiencing: A) role overload B) tertiary conflict C) work-family conflict D) time availability perspective E) role strain

A

Which of the following is true with respect to the changing nature of the economy and work? A) During the Industrial Revolution, women's roles became increasingly intertwined with class and race. B) During the Industrial Revolution, important legislation was passed to protect workers under the age of 16. C) The nature of work and family hasn't changed much in the past 200 years. D) In the seventeenth century the U.S. economy was evolving from agriculture toward industrialization. E ) "Separate spheres" refers to the different job opportunities available to Whites and minorities.

A

Which of the following represents patterns of aging in the U.S.? A) In 1900 only about 1 in 25 people were elderly, compared to about 1 in 8 today, and about 1 in 5 by 2030. B) The number of elderly has grown in our population at a rate almost twice as fast as the population as a whole. C) Some minority groups--Hispanics and Blacks--are overrepresented among the elderly, given their size in the population. D) There were about 19 million elderly in the U.S in 2010. E) The growth of the elderly in the U.S. is due to the aging baby-boom population, higher birth rates, and improved life expectancy.

A

Why is the world's population aging so quickly? A) People are living longer; fewer babies are being born. B) The world's population has stabilized; life expectancy has declined in many countries due to AIDS. C) People are living longer. D) Actually, the numbers of the elderly are declining in much of the world. E) Actually, the world's population is aging very slowly.

A

You just had a baby last month and are going to start back to work soon. What should you be aware of? A) Juggling work and family, including feeling rushed, is most often described as the biggest challenge full-time workers face. B) Men report feeling more rushed than do women. C) The amount of time working mothers and working fathers spend with their children is falling. D) Parents are more likely to say that they do not have enough time for their children than they are to say that they do not have enough time for themselves. E) Parents, especially mothers, are expected to be less involved with their children than in the past because the emphasis is now on raising independent children.

A

What does the World Health Organization think about the C-section rate in the United States? A) It says that many are medically unnecessary, potentially dangerous, and do not improve infant or maternal mortality statistics. B) It is happy to report that the rate of C-sections has declined for the first time in 20 years. C) It uses the U.S. as a model because lots of other countries have many Cesarean births that are medically unnecessary and do not improve infant or mortality statistics. D) They note that the number of C-sections has stabilized while birth outcomes have improved. E) Actually, no accurate records are kept for the World Health Organization.

A) It says that many are medically unnecessary, potentially dangerous, and do not improve infant or maternal mortality statistics.

Why do parents in Iraq often have their children marry their cousins, according to the feature box? A) Kin relationships are primary, and therefore it is safer than marrying a stranger. B) There is a shortage of available men for marriage because of the war. C) Nepotism is seen as a civic problem. D) To assist women with obtaining a college education, which is considered increasingly important in their society. E) Actually, parents in Iraq often have their children marry their neighbors.

A) Kin relationships are primary, and therefore it is safer than marrying a stranger.

The largest percentage of Hispanics in the U.S. comes from which country or region? A) Mexico B) Puerto Rico C) Cuba D) Spain E) South America

A) Mexico

Poverty has many harmful consequences for children. Which of the following is FALSE? A) Poverty puts the health of children at risk by decreasing the frequency of low birthweight babies. B) Poor children are more likely to have increased blood levels. C) Poor children are more likely to suffer from depression. D) Poor children perform lower academically. E) Poor children score lower on various standardized tests.

A) Poverty puts the health of children at risk by decreasing the frequency of low birthweight babies.

Joshua is a student at a nearby university. He is a male, which refers to his ________. A) sex B) gender C) sexual script D) transsexuality E) sexual self

A) Sex

According to the World Map 9.1, which countries have fertility rates well below replacement level? A) South Korea, Taiwan, Western Europe, Eastern Europe B) United States C) Middle East, Western Europe, Northern Africa D) South Africa, United States E) Indonesia, China, United States

A) South Korea, Taiwan, Western Europe, Eastern Europe

C. Wright Mills stressed the importance of understanding the relationship between individuals and the society in which they live because many of our personal issues or problems are shaped by social forces. He was referring to something called: A) the sociological imagination B) family C) fictive kin D) universal programs E) conflict theory

A) The Sociological Imagination

Jenna and Roberto are debating how the U.S. deals with family policies. Help them out. How does the U.S. compare with other developed nations with respect to family policy? A) The U.S. is the only developed country without universal health insurance, paid maternity leaves, or family/child allowances. B) The U.S. tends to have universal programs, whereas other developing countries tend to rely on selective programs. C) Programs like the fire department, parks, and public schools tend to be means-tested in the U.S., unlike other countries. D) Only Germany, Japan, Italy, and the U.S. fail to offer national health insurance. E) People in the U.S. tend to think more collectively and support more progressive taxation.

A) The U.S. is the only developed country without universal health insurance, paid maternity leaves, or family/child allowances.

18) What characterizes women who do not have children? A) They have likely completed college or graduate school. B) They were usually born in another country and migrated to the U.S. as young children. C) They tend to live in small towns or rural areas. D) They are disproportionately Hispanic or White. E) They comprise nearly 10 percent of women between the ages of 40-44.

A) They have likely completed college or graduate school.

A welfare program like Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) is an example of what type of social program? A) universal B) focus group C) means-tested D) Maasai E) structural

A) Universal ** Check With Alex **

Laurel is a White teenager who lives in Beverly Hills, CA with her wealthy parents. Her sex, race, and social class are examples of a/an: A) ascribed status B) achieved status C) neolocal status D) endogamy E) gesellschaft

A) ascribed status

Antimiscegenation laws: A) banned marriage between Whites and other races B) were struck down in all fifty states by 1945 C) banned marriage between people of different races or ethnic groups D) represent a type of marriage that restricts access to divorce E) legalize same-sex marriage

A) banned marriage between Whites and other races

What may explain sex differences? A) biological influences B) social influences C) both biological and social influences D) neither biological nor social influences

A) biological influences

A number of changes in families have taken place over the past several decades. These changes include: A) both men and women are postponing the age of marriage B) the percentage of persons who have never married has increased significantly C) the divorce rate has increased D) Blacks are the largest minority group in the United States E) the teenage birthrate is increasing rapidly, especially among Blacks

A) both men and women are postponing the age of marriage

Of all groups, which is MOST likely to be poor? A) children under age 18 B) adults aged 18-64 C) the elderly aged 65 and over D) Asians E) Whites

A) children under age 18

A public recognition of a relationship that is more restrictive than marriage and offers fewer rights and privileges is called: A) civil union B) exogamy C) endogamy D) spurious relationship E) selection effect

A) civil union

7) People who share specific cultural features are referred to as a/an: A) ethnic group B) race C) extended family D) racialized family E) ethnic cleansing Diff: 1 Page Ref: 155-156

A) ethnic group

You, your siblings, and your parents comprise your: A) family of orientation B) fictive kin C) family of procreation D) domestic partners E) human agency

A) family of orientation

Transgender individuals: A) feel most natural and comfortable expressing gendered traits that are associated with the other sex B) are about 1 in 100,000 individuals in the U.S. C) are more obvious among women than men because we allow men more leeway to behave in traditionally feminine ways D) sometimes undergo intersex treatment E) are punished by death among the Berdache, in Native American culture

A) feel most natural and comfortable expressing gendered traits that are associated with the other sex

About 15 percent of households experience _________, defined as not having enough nourishing food available on a regular basis. A) food insecurity B) hunger C) nutritional deficit D) culture of poverty E) food deficit syndrome

A) food insecurity

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are: A) hidden epidemics that have enormous health and economic consequences B) public health problems that have easy solutions because everyone agrees that they are serious problems C) infections or diseases that infect about 3 million people each year in the U.S. D) infections or diseases, of which HIV is the most commonly reported in the U.S. E) higher among Whites than among other racial and ethnic groups

A) hidden epidemics that have enormous health and economic consequences

Adrian is a researcher doing a detailed study about attitudes and opinions people have about being childfree. She wants detailed information from each person. Which method would be best to use? A) in-depth interview B) experiment C) observation D) secondary analysis E) survey

A) in-depth interview

Jamie and Megan were born in different countries: Jamie is from Cuba, and Megan was born in the U.S. They share the same religious faith; however, Jamie's parents speak primarily Spanish at home, and Megan does not know Spanish. Jamie and Megan's upcoming marriage is an example of an: A) interethnic marriage B) interrelated marriage C) intermiscegenation marriage D) interracial marriage E) intercovenant marriage

A) interethnic marriage

Labor market segmentation: A) is one of the major explanations for pay differentials between men and women B) is the distinction between developing and more developed nations C) is more commonly found among Blacks than Whites D) is a result of illegal immigration and the high number of undocumented workers E) explains why many women in developing nations do not use contraceptives Diff: 2 Page Ref: 112

A) is one of the major explanations for pay differentials between men and women

Regarding the "hidden curriculum": A) it informally taught girls that academic achievement could mean forfeiting popularity; but today it appears that many girls and young women have a strong achievement ethic, are doing well in school, and are surpassing boys and young men B) it shows how the dominant religion that is practiced teaches boys and girls about how to behave C) it reminds us that infibulations have critical health consequences D) it is an issue especially for minorities E) it is an issue especially for Whites

A) it informally taught girls that academic achievement could mean forfeiting popularity; but today it appears that many girls and young women have a strong achievement ethic, are doing well in school, and are surpassing boys and young men

With respect to Sweden: A) it is anti-family, according to the data B) men are far less likely to live in a household with children, compared to men in the U.S. C) the vast majority of mothers are employed outside the home D) family life is less valued than it is in the U.S. E) each family pays a "child tax" in which the government takes about $250 for each child Diff: 2 Page Ref: 63

A) it is anti-family, according to the data

Wow! Jenny just returned from Norway, where she discovered all the social programs they have for families to help them raise children to be healthy and strong. She agreed with Norway that the real threats to marriage and family life are things like poverty, discrimination, lack of child care, or poorly funded schools. She believes in the: A) marital resiliency perspective B) covenant marriage perspective C) marital movement perspective D) family socialism perspective E) marital decline perspective

A) marital resiliency perspective

The Oklahoma Marriage Initiative: A) offers skill-based courses or motivational programs to couples and individuals that support traditional marriage B) bans divorce in almost all cases except infidelity or violence C) is extremely unpopular in Oklahoma and most people oppose it D) encourages covenant marriage in Oklahoma E) supporters are outraged that money intended to held sick women and children is being diverted to promote marriage

A) offers skill-based courses or motivational programs to couples and individuals that support traditional marriage

In many places around the world, women cannot vote, drive, or have their hair or face uncovered in public, and should be escorted at all times. We would consider these to be examples of: A) patriarchy B) patrilocal C) patrilineal D) matrifocus E) neolocal

A) patriarchy

The concept of gesellschaft, discussed by German sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies, contains several specific features. What is NOT one of the features that characterize gesellschaft? A) patriarchy B) few personal ties C) the role of families is more diffuse D) primarily impersonal relationships E) industrialized and urbanized Diff: 2 Page Ref: 56

A) patriarchy

"Rating and dating": A) refers to a competitive game, and success was defined as having the most dates with the right kind of people B) was based on a research study conducted at the University of Michigan in 1912 C) was approved of by the famous anthropologist Margaret Mead D) refers to the manner in which people met each other at work E) refers to the process by which people decided to marry

A) refers to a competitive game, and success was defined as having the most dates with the right kind of people

Alain and Lili are a couple who use communication to promote closeness and intimacy, and who try to use constructive comments even during arguments. They are an example of a/an__________. A) regulated couple B) overtly misregulated couple C) nonregulated couple D) deregulated couple E) subregulated couple

A) regulated couple

Henry's father was a lower-level manager of a department store. Meanwhile, Henry was able to go to college and get his master's degree in business administration, and now is a district manager overseeing all department stores that operate on the West Coast. This is an example of ________. A) social mobility B) individual-level factors C) resiliency D) ascribed status E) proletariat

A) social mobility

A study that examined changes in dating and mate selection values across six decades found: A) the largest change is the value placed on chastity in a potential mate B) there has been a lower value associated with physical attractiveness in a mate among both men and women C) good financial prospects in a partner have decreasing importance, particularly among women D) women are much more likely today to rate domestic skills as important in a mate E) mutual love and attraction dropped from the number one spot to the number five spot for men, and the number four spot for women

A) the largest change is the value placed on chastity in a potential mate

The infant mortality rate is defined as: A) the number of deaths within the first year of life per 1,000 births in the population B) the number of deaths within the first three months of life C) the number of deaths within the first three months of life per 1,000 births in the population D) the number of stillborn deaths per 1,000 women in the population E) the number of births minus the number of deaths in the population Diff: 3 Page Ref: 62

A) the number of deaths within the first year of life per 1,000 births in the population

The four scenarios from Trinidad, Kenya, Spain, and the Netherlands described in the opening vignette of Chapter 7 illustrate: A) the process by which people find partners and the expectations after marriage or commitment B) how nonmarital sexual behavior is punished or condoned C) the process by which siblings take care of their aging parents D) variation in wedding ceremonies E) the gendered nature of the division of household labor

A) the process by which people find partners and the expectations after marriage or commitment

Your friend is writing a paper about social mobility in the U.S. As her friend, you advise her: A) there is little substantial upward social mobility B) upward mobility is primarily found at the middle income levels, with middle-class children moving up from their parents C) one reason for so much social mobility is that more avenues for mobility exist than in the past, such as the availability of college D) the U.S. has more social mobility than many other industrialized, developed nations, including Canada, Finland, Sweden, and Germany E) most Americans support the estate tax because it would make society more equitable

A) there is little substantial upward social mobility

Jerome is interested in studying racial and ethnic differences in how families care for teh elderly. He is interviewing some of the oldest family members he can find because his goal is to compile all available information about significant family events. He will look through other pertinent documents as well. This method is called: A.) Family reconstitution B.) Family compadres C.) Cult of domesticity D.) Familism E.) Family primogeniture

A.) Family reconstitution

Which of the following best characterizes Mexican families in the United States? A.) Most Mexican landowners had their land confiscated after the U.S. annexed Mexican territory in 1848, and they ended up becoming laborers on land now owned by others B.) Mexican Americans have had great difficulty preserving their traditional family structure because of men's long work hours C.) Families lean toward the nuclear family model D.) Compadres are the dead ancestors whom Mexican American families worship E.) Women and men tend to share childbearing but not housekeeping task

A.) Most Mexican landowners had their land confiscated after the U.S. annexed Mexican territory in 1848, and they ended up becoming laborers on land now owned by others.

Which of the following characterizes Native Americans in the Preindustrial United States? A.) Some tribes practiced polygamy, although most were monogamous B.) About three-quarters of tribes were matrilineal C.) In most native tribes, women held lower status than their White counterparts did. D.) There were nearly 5 million natives speaking about 25 different languages when European settlers first arrived. E.) Puberty was an important ritual for boys, but largely went unnoticed in girls

A.) Some tribes practiced polygamy, although most were monogamous

In many ways families in modern industrial and postindustrial societies, such as the U.S., resemble families in ____ societies in terms of their functions, forms, and many of their intimate relationships. A.) hunting and gathering B.) horticultural C.) argricultural D.) both horticultural and agricultural E.) Patrician

A.) hunting and gathering

Why were the few extended families in the early Europe, The Middle Ages, or preindustrial Europe? A.) Most people did not live long enough to spend significant time with their adult children B.) Female infantcide results in a shortage of women. C.) Families often did not get along because fathers frequently gave land to only one son. D.) Children were married off in their early teens, often against their will, and had to leave the community E.) Aging was highly stigmatized and the elderly often committed suicide.

A.) most people did not live long enough to spend significant time with their adult children

The text suggests that understanding history can help us understand today's events, and offers a look at families and the changing economy as an example. What is an economic feature of families today? A.) The unemployment rate is about twice as high as it was in 2007 before the recession B.) About 10% of minimium-wage workers are age 25 or older C.) Workers are finding that the number of jobs with nonstandard schedules has begun to decline, and this is difficult for couples with children and hard on their marriage. D.) The proportion of workers who work full time, year around has increased due to immigration E.) THe minimum wage for teenagers is 1.00 an hour lower than it is for adults

A.) unemployment rate is about twice as high as it was in 2007 before the recession****

30) Zero tolerance refers to: A) a micro-level explanation for violence among intimates B) a growing movement that emphasizes tougher laws, more stringent enforcement of laws, training programs for those who work with victims and perpetrators, and a well coordinated effort to offer victims the protection and services they need C) a macro-level explanation for violence among intimates D) a movement spearheaded by lesbians to educate people about same-sex violence E) a movement spearheaded by men to educate people about women's violence towards men.

B

A/an ________ parenting style puts few controls or demands on one's children, which may result in children who are aggressive and impulsive. A) authoritative B) permissive C) transitional D) cognitive E) authoritarian

B

About ________ children under the age of 5 are in some type of child care. A) 3 million B) 11 million C) 22 million D) 30 million E) 42 million

B

According to Figure 12.6, by age 85 and over, about ________ of females are widowed, compared to about ________ of males who are widowed. A) one-half; almost one-quarter B) three-quarters; a little over one-third C) 90 percent; nearly one-half D) 95 percent; nearly one-third E) three-quarters; a little over one-half

B

Clifford does not do a lot of housework. He feels that it is not a man's job, and he certainly never saw his father do much around the house. He and his wife Melissa do not argue about housework very often because he is willing to take out the garbage and mow the lawn after he gets home from work, and that seems to be fine with both of them. Which theory would best explain this division of household labor? A) time availability B) doing gender C) relative resources D) ECEC E) occasional labor

B

Emma is employed and earns minimum wage at her job. Unless she lives in one of 14 states that have increased the federal minimum wage, she probably earns ___________ per hour. A) $6.25 B) $7.50 C) $8.25 D) $8.55 E) $9.15

B

Gender-based violence: A) does not include honor killings B) causes more death and disability in women 15-44 than cancer, malaria, traffic accidents, and war combined C) is condemned by legal systems around the world, although abuse continues to exist in secrecy D) implies that both males and females are equally likely to be victims E) is declining significantly around the world, according to Human Rights Watch, an international organization dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world

B

Household tasks that are repetitive and are less able to be postponed than other tasks, such as cooking, are an example of: A) primary household labor B) routine household labor C) immediate household labor D) occasional household labor E) functional household labor

B

How does socialization differ across social class? A) Lower-class parents are more likely to value creativity and curiosity than are higher-income parents. B) Lower-income parents tend to use more physical punishments. C) Lower-income parents use more complex language. D) Lower-income parents are stricter, but they also show more warmth and affection. E) Socialization does not differ across social class.

B

Jamel and his girlfriend had a terrible fight over something seemingly minor—how they would spend the weekend—and he got very angry, and lashed out, slapping her in the face. This is an example of what type of violence, according to the work of Johnson? A) mutual violent control B) common couple violence C) intimate terrorism D) conflict driven E) violent resistance

B

Katrina is a mother of three children who are between the ages of 2 and 7 years. Nonetheless, when she wanted to go out with her friends one afternoon, she locked her kids in the house and said she would be back in time for dinner. She lost track of time, coming home around 9:00. Her children had not eaten, and her youngest child was wearing a badly soiled diaper. This is an example of what type of child abuse? A) physical abuse B) neglect C) emotional abuse D) sexual abuse E) caretaker abuse

B

Minority grandparents, especially grandmothers, are often quite involved in their grandchildren's lives and have important and influential roles in childrearing, often mimicking parent-like behavior. In other words, they may be more likely to have a/an _________ relationship with their grandchildren. A) remote B) involved C) companionate D) sandwich E) open

B

Most countries will see a ________ in both the sheer number of oldest-old, and their proportion of the elderly overall. A) slight increase B) rapid increase C) slight decline D) rapid decline E) stabilization

B

Rosalia is an undocumented worker, an Honduran mother of five. She lives in the U.S. with her husband and three of their children in order to work, while her other two children remain in Honduras. This is an example of a/an ________ family. A) exnational B) transnational C) international D) national E) open border

B

Serge is thinking about what it would be like to be a father. Now that you are an expert on the topic, what would you tell him? A) The only role that fathers have played through most of history was breadwinner. B) The Industrial Revolution in the 19th century transformed men's roles into that of the "good provider," which emphasized breadwinning and deemphasized the nurturing and caregiving tasks. C) The "good provider" role continued until the 1930s but was changed significantly by the Depression. D) Fathers' involvement with their children seems to be increasing and now comprises over 20 minutes on weekdays and over 2 hours on weekend days. E) Divorced or nonresidential fathers tend to have more frequent contact with their daughters than their sons.

B

The largest component of the elderly's income comes from what source? A) income B) Social Security C) earnings D) pensions E) asset income

B

The power and control perspective: A) focuses on micro-level factors B) ignores many of the unique features of same-sex relationships C) explains child abuse more so than intimate partner violence D) is a component of the Conflict Tactics Scale E) is another name for the intergenerational transmission of violence

B

The story of Maya and Parvati, featured in Box 13.1, reveals: A) how genocide occurred in Rwanda B) how two teenage girls leaving Nepal for what they hoped would be a better life were sold into the sexual trafficking trade, and what happened to them C) the epidemic of female infanticide in Uganda D) that wives sometimes sexually abuse their husbands or partners E) how the court system deals with men who are victims of domestic violence

B

The unemployment rate: A) hovered around 6 percent for Whites and 8 percent for Blacks in late 2010 B) in late 2010 was nearly double that of just a few years earlier C) has an effect on adults, but children usually do not feel those effects D) is such that high unemployment is associated with marriage rates - showing how micro-level factors affect macro-level factors E) is such that high unemployment is associated with marriage rates: the higher the level of unemployment, the higher the rate of marriage in a community

B

There are three universal parenting goals, according to Levin. Which is NOT one of them? A) ensuring physical health and survival B) ensuring happiness and social well-being C) developing capacities for economic maintenance D) instilling behavioral capacities for maximizing cultural values such as morality or prestige

B

We come to see ourselves as others perceive and respond to us, a process described as: A) the reflective mirror B) the looking-glass self C) the open door D) formal operational thought E) sensorimotor intelligence

B

What are some of the characteristics of grandparents who take care of their grandchildren? A) There are multiple problems in the homes of the grandchildren's parents that led the grandparents to take over the care; the most common problem was physical abuse. B) When grandparents began to care for their grandchild, they assumed it would be temporary, but most later realized that they would probably be the caregiver until the child reached adulthood. C) Coresident grandmothers outnumber coresident grandfathers by 10 to 1. D) The majority of grandparents raising their grandchildren are over the age of 70. E) Grandchildren who are raised by their grandparents are less likely to live in poverty than are other children.

B

What are some of the consequences of life in a recession? Your text discusses four (4) consequences. Which is NOT one of these? A) unemployment B) new social programs C) poverty-level wages D) part-time, nonstandardized, temporary work E) disposable workforce

B

What do the sleeping arrangements of most American parents and their babies reveal, compared to other cultures? A) Americans are more likely to suffer from insomnia. B) Americans value the separateness of children and parents to a larger degree. C) People in other countries are more fearful about their children's health. D) Americans have more disposable income to spend on their children. E) Americans use more of the world's energy resources.

B

Which of the following about long-term care is TRUE? A) The majority of elders in the U.S. rely on formal care, most commonly a nursing home. B) Meals on Wheels, nursing homes, and housecleaning services for the elderly are examples of formal care. C) The sandwich generation refers to caring for a frail elderly person while you are also employed full-time. D) One study of gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender adults aged 50 and over living in New York found that almost half of them were providing (or had recently provided) caregiving assistance, but most believe that they are called on less often than their siblings because of their sexual orientation. E) Caregivers generally find caring for a frail elderly to be a labor of love, and only about 10-20 percent report emotional strain or depression because of it.

B

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to dating violence? A) Three percent of teenage girls who have been in relationships report being physically hurt or hit. B) Most teens report the abuse to a parent or school counselor. C) Female teens that experienced dating violence are more likely to engage in substance abuse, risky sexual behaviors, and suicide. D) Male teens are victims of dating violence at nearly the same frequency as are their female counterparts. E) Nearly 10 percent of female college students have been raped, most often by someone they know.

B

Which of the following is true about the sex lives of elders? A) Generally, they are no longer sexually active, especially after age 70. B) Many elderly people are sexually active. C) Women are more likely to be sexually active than are men. D) The sex difference in the rates of sexual activity is due to the fact that more women than men have available sex partners. E) The disengagement theory can help us understand that the elderly were young once and do not plan to give up their sexual lives just as young people today probably don't plan to give up theirs.

B

Which of the following is true regarding recent women's labor force trends? A) Single mothers are more likely to be employed than are married, divorced, or widowed women. B) Most mothers with children under age 2 work outside the home. C) Black mothers are least likely to work outside the home for pay, and White mothers are most likely. D) Women are far more likely than men to believe that having mothers with young children work outside the home is a good thing for society. E) Most adults now believe that having mothers with young children work outside the home is a good thing for society.

B

You have been reading up on domestic violence statistics for a presentation that you are going to make in your family studies class next week. Which of the following will you report to your class? A) Overall, women are almost twice as likely to be victimized by an intimate partner as are men. B) Over one-quarter of women have been raped or physically assaulted by an intimate partner. C) Some of the smallest sex differences in the rates of victimization occur in the most dangerous type of assaults, such as being beaten up, choked, or threatened, or having a a gun used on them. D) Overall, minority women are less likely to be victims of violence. E) Violence is less common in same-sex relationships than in heterosexual ones.

B

The working poor, which are those whose wages are generally less than about $20,000 a year, comprise about ________ percent of the U.S. population. A) 25 B) 15 C) 10 D) 5 E) 2-3

B) 15

Today the average age of marriage is ________ for men and ________ for women. A) 32; 29 B) 28; 26 C) 26; 25 D) 24; 24 E) 30; 29

B) 28; 26

Approximately what percentage of married couples in the world use some form of contraceptive? A) 35% B) 55% C) 65% D) 80% E) 90%

B) 55%

With respect to sexual orientation: A) researchers believe that it is a lifestyle choice B) people in Latin America find homosexuality more acceptable than many other countries C) the majority of Americans believe that homosexual relationships are morally wrong D) Malawi was the first African nation to legalize same-sex marriage E) researchers have found that, among identical twins, if one is homosexual, there is a 98 percent chance that the other is homosexual as well

B) people in Latin America find homosexuality more acceptable than many other countries

How do high school seniors feel about the importance of a good marriage and family life? A) The majority of girls feel that it is extremely important, but only about half of the boys feel this way. B) Eight in ten girls, and about seven in ten boys, feel that it is extremely important. C) The majority of boys and girls feel that it is extremely important, but boys are more likely than girls to feel this way. D) The percentage of boys and girls who feel this way has increased substantially since the 1990s. E) Virtually all girls believe that it is extremely important, and almost 90 percent of boys also feel this way.

B) Eight in ten girls, and about seven in ten boys, feel that it is extremely important.

Ernesto is a Cuban American living near Miami in South Florida. Which of the following statements about Ernesto is correct? A) Ernesto's race is Hispanic. B) Ernesto's ethnicity is Cuban. C) Ernesto's ethnicity is Caucasian. D) Ernesto is not a minority because of the large number of Cuban Americans living in South Florida. E) Ernesto does not have an ethnicity.

B) Ernesto's ethnicity is Cuban.

Your family has a special friend that you are very close to, and call "Auntie Marge," even though she is not related to you. You invite her to many family functions, and share many traditions together. Marge is an example of a/an: A) domestic partner B) fictive kin C) human agency D) family of orientation E) family of procreation

B) Fictive kin

Which of the following countries has reduced its birthrate most dramatically since 1950? A) the U.S. B) India C) Japan D) France E) Sweden Diff: 2 Page Ref: 59

B) India

There are likely several differences between men and women, on average. Which is NOT one of them? A) Males are more active and aggressive than females. B) Infant mortality rates are higher among females. C) Males are affected with more genetic disorders and suffer from accidents at a higher rate than do females. D) Females outperform males on tests that measure the recall of words or matching items. E) Females may use more parts of their brain at once while males are more inclined to have focused responses. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 95-96

B) Infant mortality rates are higher among females.

In the opening vignette to Chapter 5, what would you conclude from the experiences of Barbara Ehrenreich? A) Mexico is an extremely stratified country, and becoming more so every year. B) It is impossible to survive on minimum- or near-minimum-wage work. C) The wealthy live in their own virtual world and have little understanding of the middle class. D) A marriage that occurs between a wealthy person and a poor person faces many serious challenges, but these difficulties can be overcome. E) The uninsured in America have difficulty accessing the health care system.

B) It is impossible to survive on minimum- or near-minimum-wage work.

In contrast to China, which is drastically trying to limit births, ________ is trying to increase its number of births. A) India B) Japan C) France D) Mexico E) Canada

B) Japan

There are several different perspectives of family change. Shane believes that the changing economic structure, such as through a loss of high-paying manufacturing jobs or an erosion of the minimum wage, leads to changing family and gendered roles, which ultimately leads to an underclass with extraordinary challenges facing poor children. Shane represents which perspective? A) conservative B) liberal C) neo-con D) feminist E) developmental

B) Liberal

12) Why did the birthrate drop so significantly in the 1960s and 1970s? A) A greater number of women were of childbearing age, which naturally results in fewer babies being born. B) More women began going to college. C) Blacks gained employment in new fields. D) The number of married women working outside the home declined. E) The retirement age dropped.

B) More women began going to college.

28) Alice Rossi suggests why the transition to parenthood can be so challenging. Which is NOT one of her reasons? A) Pronatalist sentiment may pressure people to become parents even when they may not want to or be ready to be parents. B) Most people, as they remember their own childhoods, are surprised to find that being a parent is quite different from being a child. C) Most parents have little or no prior experience in child care. D) Becoming a parent is abrupt, unlike other roles. E) Complex changes must occur in the couple's relationship, and activities become more instrumental.

B) Most people, as they remember their own childhoods, are surprised to find that being a parent is quite different from being a child.

Which of the following is true about adoption? A) Private adoptions are no longer legal because of the concern that it was "baby buying." B) Public adoptions occur through licensed public agencies that specialize in placing children in adoptive families. C) An open adoption was the common procedure in the past, but now most are either closed or semi-open. D) One study of how adoption is treated in college-level family textbooks found that the positive points outweighed the negative points about adoption, but just barely. E) Most adoptive parents are unmarried, but highly educated and have higher than average incomes.

B) Public adoptions occur through licensed public agencies that specialize in placing children in adoptive families.

Which of the following is true about gay and lesbian intimate relationships? A) About 15-20 percent of gay men and 30-35 percent of lesbians are currently involved in steady romantic relationships. B) Researchers find very few differences between homosexual and heterosexual couples, and differences they do find tend to be small. C) Gay men, as compared to men in heterosexual relationships, report greater levels of equality in their relationships. D) Gay and lesbian relationships are quite different from one another in terms of relationship quality, social support, and the likelihood of dissolution. E) Gay couples, compared to lesbian couples, reported stronger liking, trust, and equality.

B) Researchers find very few differences between homosexual and heterosexual couples, and differences they do find tend to be small.

Jake is analyzing some data collected by the Census Bureau for his senior project. What type of research method is he using? A) experiment B) secondary analysis C) survey D) in-depth interview E) focus group

B) Secondary Analysis

________ provide(s) the norms or rules regarding sexual behavior. A) Sexual orientation B) Sexual scripts C) Endogamy D) Dowry E) Exogamy

B) Sexual scripts

An organized pattern of social relationships and social institutions that together form the basis of society is called: A) the sociological imagination B) social structure C) comparative perspective D) human agency E) family

B) Social Structure

25) Which of the following is TRUE about Asian American families today? A) There are about 6 million U.S. residents who report being Asian American or Asian in combination with other groups, comprising about 2 percent of the total population. B) The term "Asian" is a catchall term representing people with a great diversity in culture, language, socioeconomic characteristics, and reasons for migrating to the U.S. C) Asian Americans are sometimes called the "model minority" because all, except for the Chinese, closely fit the image of the highly educated and high-earning professional. D) Chinese Americans are the only racial or ethnic group in the U.S. rounded up against their will and put into internment camps. E) Asian Americans have experienced less social mobility than have other minority groups.

B) The term "Asian" is a catchall term representing people with a great diversity in culture, language, socioeconomic characteristics, and reasons for migrating to the U.S.

Compared to other developing nations, the U.S. has a ________ national family policy. A) strong B) weak C) compassionate D) aggressive E) innovative

B) Weak

Deeya is a graduate of Yale University. This is an example of a/an: A) ascribed status B) achieved status C) bilateral status D) exogamy E) gemeinschaft

B) achieved status

According to the opening vignette of Chapter 6: A) children's perceptions of occupational status and their own vocational interests are affected by their social class, race, and ethnicity B) both Black and White children have a negative bias against dark skin C) conflicts between Blacks and Hispanics in South Florida are escalating D) the high school curriculum is often racist E) most Black children live in a single-parent household

B) both Black and White children have a negative bias against dark skin

Electronic communication: A) offers us fewer relationships with more depth B) brings more informality into our written and spoken word C) is likely a passing fad D) offers us less control over our messages E) is optional at most universities

B) brings more informality into our written and spoken word

When social stratification is based on ascribed characteristics, we call this a ________ system. A) class B) caste C) absolute D) family recovery E) community

B) caste

Cole and Elizabeth are deeply committed to their faith, and strongly believe that traditional marriage is the cornerstone of society. They have decided to have a type of marriage that would require some marriage preparation and restrict their future access to divorce. This is called: A) the Oklahoma Marriage Initiative B) covenant marriage C) no-fault divorce initiative D) marital resilience E) social capital

B) covenant marriage

Generally speaking, race, ethnicity, and social class _________ affect gender socialization. A) do not B) do

B) do

The financial gift given to a woman's prospective in-laws by her parents in many countries, including India, is called a/an: A) exogamy B) dowry C) endogamy D) spurious E) donnally

B) dowry

Carl and Belinda are in love and plan to marry next year. Their parents strongly disapprove of their relationship, however, because Carl is White and Belinda is Black. Carl and Belinda are violating the norm of: A) modernization B) endogamy C) status D) exogamy E) world systems theory Diff: 2 Page Ref: 43

B) endogamy

Which family member encourages children to behave in the most sex-typed ways? A) mothers B) fathers C) grandmothers D) sisters E) brothers Diff: 2 Page Ref: 99

B) fathers

Compared to those who are married, people who cohabit: A) tend to be older B) have less education on average C) are less likely to be employed, and when employed, earn less money D) are more likely to have graduated from college E) are more likely to have children living with them

B) have less education on average

John strongly believes in the "Horatio Alger" stories--that anyone can pull themselves out of poverty and improve their economic conditions if they are willing to work for it. John believes in which explanation for poverty? A) boot-strapping B) individualism C) fatalism D) self-propelled E) culture of poverty

B) individualism

Cohabitation: A) usually leads to marriage B) is generally seen as an alternative to marriage by older cohabitors, but younger cohabitors are more likely to see their cohabitation as a prelude to marriage C) is unrelated to divorce D) is negatively correlated with divorce because of a selection effect E) is viewed by Blacks as a trial marriage, whereas Whites tend to see cohabitation as a substitute for marriage

B) is generally seen as an alternative to marriage by older cohabitors, but younger cohabitors are more likely to see their cohabitation as a prelude to marriage

Antimiscegenation laws were meant to: A) repay Japanese Americans for their internment during World War II B) maintain the power and privilege of Whites and to uphold widely held beliefs about racial purity C) prohibit child marriages D) provide an avenue for women to file for divorce from their husbands when it was otherwise illegal to do so E) allow gays and lesbians to wed

B) maintain the power and privilege of Whites and to uphold widely held beliefs about racial purity

The pattern of descent that is characterized as having the lineage more closely aligned with the women's families rather than men's families is called: A) matrilocal B) matrilineal C) matriarchy D) maternity focus E) maternal pattern

B) matrilineal

With respect to remaining voluntarily childfree: A) the decision is usually made all at once B) men are more likely than women to want to have children C) the childfree are clearly disadvantaged in many ways D) the childfree tend to have weaker relationships with their partners E) the childfree have more relationships with friends because they have the time to pursue leisure activities

B) men are more likely than women to want to have children

By 1996, the number one characteristic that both men and women want in a mate is: A) dependable character B) mutual attraction and love C) education and intelligence D) similar political background E) desire for home and children

B) mutual attraction and love

Ireland, a predominantly Catholic country, loves children, and encourages people to have lots of them. Lorraine and her husband do not want any children, and her Irish parents are pleading with her to reconsider: "Don't be so selfish," they say, "you'll be lonely in old age." This is an example of: A) prosentiment B) pronatalism C) ART D) profertility E) proconception

B) pronatalism

9) A category composed of people who share real or alleged physical traits that members of a society deem as socially significant, such as skin color or hair texture, would be an example of: A) ethnicity B) race C) minority group D) discrimination E) ethnic cleansing Diff: 2 Page Ref: 155

B) race

The capacity to rebound from adversity, misfortune, trauma, or other transitional crises and become strengthened and more resourceful is called: A) family protective factors B) resiliency C) human agency D) family of orientation E) symbolic interaction

B) resiliency

What is the most common occupation for women? A) waitress B) secretary and administrative assistant C) elementary and middle school teacher D) customer service representative E) manager

B) secretary and administrative assistant

A combination of education, occupation, and income is referred to as A) social class B) socioeconomic status C) social mobility D) status E) stratified status

B) socioeconomic status

When one family is uninsured, we are tempted to see it as a private problem; however, when 50 million people are uninsured, it is really a social problem. This is the point of: A) a focus group B) the sociological imagination C) domestic partnerships D) systems theory E) micro theories

B) the Sociological Imagination

With respect to the growth of Hispanics in the population: A) the fertility rate among Hispanics is high, but it is not as high as the fertility rate among Blacks B) the growth rate among Hispanics is largely due to the particularly high fertility rates of foreign-born Hispanic women C) the fertility rate of Hispanic women is about 38 births per 1,000 women D) the rapid growth in the Hispanic population is due primarily to immigration E) the fertility rate of Hispanic women is about 61 births per 1,000 women Diff: 3 Page Ref: 163-164

B) the growth rate among Hispanics is largely due to the particularly high fertility rates of foreign-born Hispanic women

Researchers have found that married people tend to be happier, healthier, and better off financially than unmarried or cohabiting couples. This is known as _________. A) covenant marriage B) the marriage premium C) the second shift perspective D) the marital benefit E) the single penalty

B) the marriage premium

A study by the Pew Charitable Trust asked people where they find the most fulfillment in their lives. Eighty-five percent of parents said: A) their careers B) their minor children C) their spouse D) their jobs E) their adult friends

B) their minor children

Around the world today, marriage is: A) universal and similar B) universal and variable C) not universal D) declining in occurrence and significance E) only very rarely arranged by parents

B) universal and variable

Gender is socially constructed. This means that: A) some societies discriminate against women B) values and norms are invented by a culture, and people learn these and follow the conventional rules C) men are allowed more permissiveness in sexual behavior compared to women D) anatomical categories are not easily identifiable E) about .012 per 1,000 people are born with both male and female genitals

B) values and norms are invented by a culture, and people learn these and follow the conventional rules

Tamara and Elliott are at a party and they decide this is the perfect place to conduct their sociology experiment for their research paper. They want to know if there are any differences in communication styles by sex. In their observation that night they probably witnessed all of the following EXCEPT: A) women tended to smile more often and express a wider range of emotions B) women did the most talking and interrupted more often C) women use more qualifiers, e.g., "somewhat; kind of; I guess" D) men initiated topics more often E) men told more jokes

B) women did the most talking and interrupted more often

Which decade is characterized as one of social change? A.) 1950s B.) 1960s C.) 1980s D.) 1990s E.) 2000s

B.) 1960s

You are living in the Middle Ages. Your father has decided that the family farm will go to your oldest brother now that he can no longer take care of it. You are left with nothing. This is a practice known as: A.) Industrialization B.) Primogeniture C.) Separate spheres D.) Bundling E.) Anti-familism

B.) Primogeniture

The opening vignette of Chapter 3 describes the life of a slave girl in 19th century America. Which of the following best describes the ordeal in the narrative? A.) She describes the ship ride over from America B.) She is forced to have a sexual relationship with a man she detests so that her owner can have more slave children C.) She explains the sadness she felt when she was sold from her parents as a young girl D.) She laughs at the White people who think they are so smart because she thinks they are actually very stupid

B.) She is forced to have a sexual relationship with a man she detests so that her owner can have more slave children

Anthropologists, historians, and family scholars who tell us about daily life, customs, and lifestyles of ordinary citizens are weaving together: A.) Marketing strategies B.) Social history C.) Patriarchal customs D.) Bundling strategies E.) Separate spheres

B.) Social history

Who was instrumental in helping the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution be ratified according to the feature box? A.) Mark Spitz B.) Susan B.Anthony C.) Teddy Kennedy D.) Abigail Adams E.) Eleanor Roosevelt

B.) Susan B.Anthony

The year of 1886. You are 16 years old and have immigrated from Poland with you family. What may have been your experience in the U.S.? A.) you joined the 15 million who came to the U.S. between 1830 and 1930 B.) You or your parents may have worked in a clothing factory, as 3/4 of such employees were foreign-born C.) You quickly joined the middle class, unlike other immigrants from other countries who tended to be poor D.) Your father went to work, but your mother likely stayed at home and cared for her large family. E.) your parents had realistic expectations of what life in the U.S. would be like.

B.) You or your parents may have worked in a clothing factory, as 3/4 of such employees were foreign-born

Abuse, neglect, and exploitation of your grandmother are an example of: A) emotional abuse B) granny abuse C) elder abuse D) common couple violence E) trafficking

C

According to Figure 12.2, which compares the age-sex structure of developing countries and developed countries: A) most will retain an extremely small elderly population in 2030 because life expectancy will remain low while fertility rates will likely remain high B) the oldest-old will be among the largest cohorts of any age group C) the ratio of older women to older men is more equal in less developed countries than in more developed countries D) the pyramid shape of less developed countries will look only slightly different in 2030 compared to 1950, unlike in the developed countries E) the largest age cohort by far will remain those who are aged 0-4

C

According to the studies discussed in your text, which of the following best describes the distribution of household labor? A) The amount of time supposedly spent on housework is relatively consistent, regardless of what measure is being used. B) Men's housework tends to be routine household labor. C) On average, men do between one-third to one-half of the housework. D) Men's share of housework has not risen over the past 10 years. E) Women and men scientists are likely to share the division of household labor nearly equally.

C

Box 11.1, Fixing Social INsecurity, reveals: A) in most European countries, Social Security is used to provide family allowances, which lift people out of poverty B) Social Security does not provide enough income to make people feel truly secure financially C) after taxes, child care, and work expenses, an average worker who earns $30,000 a year really only makes about $10,000, about the same amount as the annual Social Security income for retirees D) because of the high fertility rate in the U.S., the Social Security program may not be able to continue for very much longer E) the age at which Americans can collect Social Security benefits is dropping as people retire earlier than in the past

C

Devon has trouble controlling his temper when he takes care of his 4-year-old son. Yesterday when his son used his crayons on the table instead of his paper, Devon said, "You stupid idiot--now look what you've done! No wonder your mother hates you! I think I do too!" This is an example of: A) physical abuse B) neglect C) emotional abuse D) sexual abuse E) material abuse

C

________ is motivated by a desire to control the other partner. It may escalate over time and cause serious injury. A) Mutual violent control B) Common couple violence C) Intimate terrorism D) Violent resistance E) Conflict driven

C

________ is unpaid work that is done to maintain family members and/or a home. A) Occasional labor B) Routine household labor C) Household labor D) ESM E) The time crunch

C

For significant numbers of elderly to be able to withdraw from the labor force, four (4) conditions must exist in society, according to your text. Which is NOT one of those conditions? A) A society must produce an economic surplus that is large enough to support its nonemployed members. B) There must be a mechanism in place to divert some of the ecoonomic surplus to the nonemployed members. C) Life expectancy must reach at least 65 so that there are sufficient numbers of old people. D) Nonemployed members must be viewed positively by the rest of the society. E) The activities and leisure of the nonemployed must be seen as legitimate.

C

Grandma Jean and Grandpa Herb love to have their grandchildren come over to their house to play. Together they like to read books, work on puzzles, and cuddle on the couch while watching TV. Occasionally the grandchildren are able to spend the night at their house. This is an example of what type of relationship? A) involved B) remote C) companionate D) sandwiched E) irrevocable

C

Motherhood in the U.S.: A) is a powerful identity, but less so than marital status or occupation B) is less fraught with anxiety, compared to other developed countries C) is socially constructed and framed by structures of sex, race, and class D) tends to occur in extended families, in contrast to developing, non-Western cultures E) leads mothers to report less depression than childfree women because they report experiencing more meaning in their lives

C

Regarding early childhood education and care (ECEC): A) it enhances and supports children's cognitive, social, and emotional well-being, and is found in all 50 states B) in a report reviewing 12 countries, parents only paid about 50 percent of ECEC costs, compared to about 80 percent in the U.S C) most of the 12 countries reviewed have full coverage for children age 3-6, and some countries begin programs as early as age 1 or 2 D) childcare workers in the U.S. earn less money than do workers in the other countries, but they are better trained E) the U.S. is a leader in research on child development, and has developed many innovative programs that others around the world would like to model

C

The declines in teen pregnancy have occurred among which racial and ethnic groups? A) Hispanics; Whites; Asian/Pacific Islanders only B) American Indians; Hispanics; Whites only C) Blacks; Whites; Hispanics; American Indians; Asian/Pacific Islanders D) Asian/Pacific Islanders, Whites only E) Blacks only

C

The lifelong process through which we acquire the cultural values and skills needed to function as human beings and participate in society is called: A) social roles B) formal operational thought C) socialization D) symbolic interaction E) social participation

C

The negative biological, social, and economic consequences of early parenting in the U.S. are well documented: A) Teen mothers are considerably poorer until their child/children reach school age. B) Teen mothers are 8 times as likely to die in childbirth as are older mothers. C) Teen mothers are twice as likely as other mothers to have babies of low birth weight. D) Children born to teen mothers have lower math skills, but reading skills seem to be comparable to children born to older parents. E) It has been estimated that teen childbearing cost taxpayers about $2 billion a year for health care, child welfare, and in lost revenues.

C

The opening vignette best reveals that: A) many large companies offer on-site daycare so that parents can visit their children during their lunch hours and commuting times will be shortened B) fathers are more involved in child care than they were just 30 years ago C) a cultural reversal has not occurred; work has not become more satisfying than home despite the stresses people face as they try to juggle work and family roles D) work has become more satisfying than home for women, but not for men E) Scandinavian countries offer extensive time off for families so that they can more easily balance work and family demands

C

The theoretical perspective that believes that many other theories about aging reinforce ageist attitudes about the elderly and legitimize policies that reinforce dependency at the expense of empowerment is: A) political economy B) life course C) critical theory D) disengagement E) continuity

C

Trevor earned $106,800 in 2010; therefore, he paid 6.2 percent of his income in Social Security taxes or $6,675. Meanwhile, Cody earned $213,600 and also paid 6.2 percent on his first $106,800, and then nothing on the rest, also coming to $6,675. Therefore, Social Security taxes are called _________. A) portable B) English poor laws C) regressive D) OASI E) retrograde

C

What explanation for the division of household labor is grounded in exchange theory? A) time availability B) doing gender C) relative resources D) living wage E) occasional labor

C

Which is FALSE about so-called "date-rape drugs"? A) They can immobilize a person to facilitate an assault. B) The effects of these drugs cause people to be physically helpless, lose muscle control, feel very drunk, or lose consciousness. C) Victims often cannot remember what happened. D) The drugs usually have no color and can be easily added to flavored drinks without the victim's knowledge. E) The drugs have a salty smell and taste and could be detected in most drinks if people were made aware.

C

Who suggested that human development occurs in three stages that reflect different components of the personality: the id, the ego, and the superego? A) Charles Horton Cooley B) Jean Piaget C) Sigmund Freud D) George Herbert Mead E) George W. Bush

C

________ is a form of inter-role conflict in which the role pressures from the work and family domains are mutually incompatible in some respect. A) Role overload B) Tertiary conflict C) Work-family conflict D) Time availability perspective E) Role strain

C

____________ involves obsessive contact or tracking of another person—attention that is unwanted and causes a reasonable person to be fearful. It is a combination of many unwanted acts that, by themselves, are not abusive—such as sending flowers or gifts, calling on the telephone, or sending an email—but when taken together, may constitute a form of mental abuse. A) Violent resistance B) Mental illness C) Stalking D) Zero tolerance E) CTS

C

Evan works full time, as does his sister Olivia. If these two represent average people earning average wages, it is likely that Olivia earns only ________ percent of Evan's pay. A) 95 B) 90 C) 80 D) 72 E) 66

C) 80

There are many reasons why Blacks are more likely to live in extended families than are Whites. Which is NOT one of these reasons? A) Black families maintain a high degree of geographical closeness. B) Grandmothers play crucial roles in Black families. C) Blacks are more likely to be poor, and only the poor live in extended families. D) Household boundaries are often more fluid among Blacks. E) Black families are more likely to have an established system of mutual aid.

C) Blacks are more likely to be poor, and only the poor live in extended families.

Which of the following is FALSE with respect to race and ethnicity? A) Blacks are more likely than Whites to live in extended families. B) Hispanics, especially Mexican Americans, are least likely to have health insurance. C) Blacks have higher infant mortality rates than do other racial/ethnic groups. D) Asian Americans are most likely to be childfree. E) Hispanics are less likely to cohabit than are other racial/ethnic groups.

C) Blacks have higher infant mortality rates than do other racial/ethnic groups.

What has research found: does marriage cause happiness, better health, or better finances or are happier, healthier, and wealthier people more likely to marry in the first place? A) Marriage causes happiness. B) Happier people are more likely to marry. C) Both: marriage causes happiness, good health, and better finances, and happier, healthier, and wealthier people are likely to marry. D) Neither: marriage does not seem to cause happiness, and there is no evidence that happier people are likely to marry.

C) Both: marriage causes happiness, good health, and better finances, and happier, healthier, and wealthier people are likely to marry.

Contraceptive use is rare in many developing nations, but _________ is a notable exception. A) Chad B) Ethiopia C) China D) the United States E) England Diff: 2 Page Ref: 115

C) China

________ is the name given to unmarried partners living together. A) Co-residing B) Selection effect C) Cohabitation D) Sexual script E) Homogeneous relationships

C) Cohabitation

This theoretical perspective emphasizes issues surrounding social inequality, power, and social change: A) developmental theory B) structural functionalist theory C) conflict theory D) micro theory E) family systems theory

C) Conflict Theory

Which of the following comparisons of Cuban Americans and Mexican Americans is correct? A) The circumstances surrounding their immigration are similar. B) Their foods are similar. C) Cubans have incomes comparable to Whites, while Mexican Americans are overrepresented among the poor. D) Mexican Americans have a stronger use of social capital than do Cuban Americans. E) Their language is identical.

C) Cubans have incomes comparable to Whites, while Mexican Americans are overrepresented among the poor.

Tosha and her husband both work, but their combined income is only $29,000. They have one child, and making ends meet is a struggle. H & R Block, which is helping them file their taxes this year, suggests that they should file for a/an: A) Medicaid Tax Refund (MTR) B) Earnings Ratio Benefit (ERB) C) Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) D) National Health Insurance (NHI) Account E) Home Tax Credit (HOME)

C) Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)

Brandon traveled to Mexico recently and made fun of the way the poor families lived. "Geez, don't they know that they should do things like we do here in America? Everyone knows our way is best." This is an example of: A) feminist theory B) a conservative perspective C) ethnocentrism D) the sociological imagination E) liberal perspective

C) Ethnocentricism

________ are born with both male and female genitals, which are then usually surgically reconstructed to adhere to the child's genetic chromosomes. A) Heterosexuals B) Herpetors C) Hermaphrodites D) Hartwellians E) Hillopeans

C) Hermaphrodites

There are five (5) themes of this textbook. Which is NOT one of them? A) Families are both a public social institution and a private personal relationship. B) Social inequality has a powerful influence on family life. C) Human agency interferes with family change. D) Family policies reflect historical, cultural, political, and social factors. E) Understanding families in the U.S. requires a comparative perspective.

C) Human agency interferes with family change.

Which of the following is TRUE about India? A) Nearly 90 percent of men and women are literate. B) The birth rate is higher than in Japan, but lower than in the U.S. or Sweden. C) It is considered a patriarchal society. D) The purchasing power parity (PPP) is about $12,200. E) It contains about 350 million persons. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 58-60

C) It is considered a patriarchal society.

How do sexual scripts vary by race, ethnicity, social class, and sex? A) Whites are less likely to engage in oral sex than are Blacks. B) "Good" girls are expected to plan in advance and bring contraceptives with them. C) Middle-class Black women have difficulty "marrying up" because young Black women have made far greater gains in education than have men their ages. D) Hispanics no longer value virginity any more than do other racial or ethnic groups. E) Whites are less likely to engage in oral sex than are Hispanics.

C) Middle-class Black women have difficulty "marrying up" because young Black women have made far greater gains in education than have men their ages.

Communication: A) includes solo construction of meaning B) does not rely upon symbols C) is a transactional process D) is similar across cultures E) is a micro-level rather than macro-level issue

C) is a transactional process

Latoya is a Black woman. Her ancestors came from Jamaica and have lived in the U.S. for two generations. Latoya: A) is African American B) is considered Caucasian C) is considered to be Black D) is not a minority in the U.S. E) has a race but no ethnicity

C) is considered to be Black

28) Which of the following is TRUE with respect to Native Americans and Alaska Natives? A) There are about 16 million people, or 6 percent of our population, that are American Indians or Alaska Natives. B) Most Native Americans live on reservations. C) Native Americans and Alaska Natives are more likely to live in families than are other groups. D) Few Native American and Alaska Native families are extended because life expectancy is low. E) Historically, elders held high status and importance in families, but this is no longer the case because they usually cannot work and contribute economically to families.

C) Native Americans and Alaska Natives are more likely to live in families than are other groups.

What is the main point of the story in the feature box, Loving Across the Color Line? A) Interracial adoptions have become popular in the last 10 years and now comprise almost half of all adoptions. B) Orphanages in Russia are generally poorly staffed and do not have toys for the children. C) Prejudice against Blacks, including Black children, persists. D) Men have an easier time adopting interracially than they do trying to adopt children of the same race. E) Few minority groups adopt children, therefore White families are likely to do so.

C) Prejudice against Blacks, including Black children, persists.

With respect to social class differences in communication: A) the working class is more likely to use SAE B) the middle class uses more words of simple coordination such as "like" or "but" and uses fewer pronouns C) President Obama sometimes "breaks code" D) people with different levels of education communicate differently, but few differences have been noted by income or occupational prestige E) the middle class tends to use more AAE than does the working class.

C) President Obama sometimes "breaks code"

Why is there so little social mobility? A) Minority groups are the fastest growing groups in society and their mobility is among the lowest. B) The tax system penalizes wealthy families and therefore they have been losing their wealth. C) The educational system is stratified, and the tax system favors wealthy people passing their wealth to their heirs. D) More women work outside the home. E) Actually, there is a lot of social mobility.

C) The educational system is stratified, and the tax system favors wealthy people passing their wealth to their heirs.

As the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) revealed, what country has the highest rates of poverty? A) Australia B) Spain C) U.S. D) Ireland E) Belgium Diff: 1 Page Ref: 136-140

C) U.S.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which of the following is true with respect to HIV/AIDS? A) The most common victims throughout the world are men who have sex with other men. B) About 25,000 people are currently living with HIV or AIDS in the U.S. C) Worldwide, over 33 million people are infected with HIV/AIDS. D) AIDS is no longer a threat because there have been no new cases of AIDS since 2007; however, HIV remains a problem. E) Nearly one-half of males get HIV/AIDS through male-to-male sexual contact, whereas only 5 percent of females get HIV/AIDS through female-to-female sexual contact.

C) Worldwide, over 33 million people are infected with HIV/AIDS.

Sheryl's father, like his father before him, has a key position on the board of Ford Motor Co. Her mother does not work, but has a trust fund from her own parents. It is expected that Sheryl will go to a private university after she has her debutante ball this summer. Sheryl is likely a member of: A) the upper-middle class B) new money C) bluebloods D) the middle class E) the overclass

C) bluebloods

Which of the following does the text offer as an example of patriarchy in the U.S.? A) women now have more education than men B) family is a primary agent of socialization C) breast augmentation is the number one cosmetic surgical procedure D) infibulation occurs in one of every five women in the U.S. E) both boys and girls like to play with dolls

C) breast augmentation is the number one cosmetic surgical procedure

World systems theory has much in common with the tenants of ___________ theory discussed in Chapter 1. A) functionalist B) symbolic interaction C) conflict D) systems E) feminist Diff: 2 Page Ref: 57-58

C) conflict*****

You, your spouse, and your children comprise your: A) family of orientation B) resiliency C) family of procreation D) domestic partners E) human agency

C) family of procreation

Many changes have occurred to marriage since the 1960s. Which is NOT one of those changes? A) large increases in nonmarital sexual activity B) large increases in dual-earner households C) far greater acceptance of having babies outside of marriage D) large increases in the number of people who cohabit E) somewhat more equitable division of household labor

C) far greater acceptance of having babies outside of marriage

Americans like to think that they live in a meritocracy, which means: A) we can be anything we want to be B) there is no hierarchical ranking of people within society C) financial and social rewards are based on personal abilities, education, and skills D) social stratification is based on ascribed characteristics E) that anyone can be a member of the proletariat Diff: 2 Page Ref: 123

C) financial and social rewards are based on personal abilities, education, and skills

As illustrated in World Map 1.1, a comparative perspective reveals that the U.S.: A) has one of the lowest infant mortality rates in the developed world B) has an infant mortality rate similar to Canada, France, and England C) has among the highest infant mortality rates in the developed world D) can show other developed and developing countries how to lower their infant mortality rates E) has primarily universal programs to help combat infant mortality

C) has among the highest infant mortality rates in the developed world

Eric and Miguel are two men who are sexually and romantically attracted to one another. This is called a/an ________ orientation. A) bisexual B) lesbian C) homosexual D) heterosexual E) hermaphrodite

C) homosexual

31) Affirmative action: A) has been largely illegal in the U.S. since 1996 B) is a set of social policies designed to punish people for racist behaviors C) is a family policy because it remedies inequalities in work and education that can improve the lives of families D) has widespread support in the U.S. E) was controversial until the U.S. Supreme Court agreed to the use of quotas

C) is a family policy because it remedies inequalities in work and education that can improve the lives of families

The experience of Dr. Barres, as discussed in the feature box, reveals: A) most intersexed people are plagued with depression over the course of their lives B) infibulation has critical health consequences C) many women experience discrimination, and they may not even be aware of it D) sex reassignment surgery leaves people feeling depressed because they feel they are neither male or female E) trends in labor market segmentation

C) many women experience discrimination, and they may not even be aware of it

Multiple partner fertility, according to the opening vignette in Chapter 9, refers to: A) new mothers, but not fathers, reporting higher levels of social integration compared to their childless counterparts B) new parents having greater self-esteem than those without children C) men and women having children by two or more partners D) fathers, but not mothers, reporting greater self-esteem than do those without children E) the rise in families who have three or more children

C) men and women having children by two or more partners

The process of social and cultural transformation from a "third world" or a nonindustrialized society to a developed industrial society is called: A) matrilocal B) matriarchy C) modernization D) ascribed status E) roles

C) modernization

In addition to fertility rates, population statistics such as the median age also reflect a country's ________. A) level of education B) percent of women in the labor force C) mortality rates D) one-child policy E) number of babies born

C) mortality rates

As shown in the Table 6.2 about race relations, A) about one-third of Blacks and one-quarter of Hispanics believe they have been discriminated against B) nearly half of White people believe that they have been discriminated against because of their race C) most Whites and Hispanics believe that race relations are generally good, but most Blacks think they are generally bad D) Whites are more likely than Blacks or Hispanics to believe that they have been stopped by police because of their race E) the views of Blacks and Hispanics are similar to one another regarding race relations, and are substantially different from the views of Whites

C) most Whites and Hispanics believe that race relations are generally good, but most Blacks think they are generally bad

With respect to immigration, Americans are nearly equally divided over whether it is good for the country. With respect to ILLEGAL immigration: A) Americans remain nearly equally divided about whether it is good for the country B) Americans believe that illegal immigrants are taking jobs away from U.S. workers C) nearly 9 out of 10 Americans believe it is a "very" or "somewhat" serious problem D) about three-fourths of illegal immigrants entered the country with visas that allowed them to live in or visit the U.S. for a limited time, but they overstayed their visas E) there were about 20-25 million illegal immigrants in the U.S. in 2008

C) nearly 9 out of 10 Americans believe it is a "very" or "somewhat" serious problem

Wendy stayed home from work for a year after her son was born, forfeiting the salary she earned as a loan officer for a bank. When she decided to go back to work, her position was filled and she had to find another one. The position she landed was at a slightly lower level, and the pay was somewhat less. Economists would talk about these as: A) cost benefit analysis B) the rewards and costs paradigm C) opportunity costs D) FMLA costs E) direct financial costs

C) opportunity costs

In what region(s) of the world is the gap between men and women's literacy rates the highest, according to the World Map? A) South America B) China C) parts of Africa and the Middle East D) China and parts of the Middle East E) Indonesia and Brazil

C) parts of Africa and the Middle East

Dat and his new wife followed the traditional Vietnamese pattern of moving in with his parents after they married. This is an example of the practice of: A) matrilocal B) patrilineal C) patrilocal D) polygamy E) matrifocus

C) patrilocal

Adolph, Mary, and Megan, as portrayed in Box 2.2, illustrate that: A) people who practice polyandry in the U.S. are generally motivated by a desire to have a large number of sexual partners B) polygyny clearly exploits women and is detrimental to them C) people who practice polygyny tend to cite the Bible to justify their marriage D) people who practice monogamy have the most satisfying relationships E) polyandry is primarily confined to certain fundamentalist Mormon groups, and the Mormon church approves of these relationships

C) people who practice polygyny tend to cite the Bible to justify their marriage

There are several pathways from poverty to adverse child outcomes, according to Figure 5.4. Which is NOT one of these pathways? A) housing problems B) health and nutrition C) sex discrimination D) quality of the home environment E) fewer resources for learning

C) sex discrimination

When Jeff's wife died unexpectedly, leaving him to care for his two school-aged sons by himself, his parents-in-law stepped in to provide a lot of help to him. They took care of the boys after school until Jeff returned home from work, and they usually brought dinner over at least once a week. This is an example of A) capital caring B) antimiscegenation capital C) social capital D) capital resilience E) human capital

C) social capital

Professor Smyth teaches about the hierarchical ranking of people in society based on coveted resources. This is called: A) caste B) class C) social stratification D) meritocracy E) bourgeoisie

C) social stratification

Bobby's family is listed in the Social Register. Based on what you have learned from the feature box, this means: A) someone in his family is a sex offender B) his family is on (or was recently on) Welfare assistance C) that he is likely from the upper class D) that someone in his family is recognized for their achievement in their specific occupation E) he is likely Hispanic Diff: 2 Page Ref: 127

C) that he is likely from the upper class

The data in Figure 5.1 is clear: in terms of after-tax income in the U.S. between 1979 and 2006: A) the bottom fifth have made the most gains B) the middle class has made the most substantial income gains C) the U.S. is becoming more unequal D) the bottom fifth have actually lost income E) the distribution of income in the U.S. has not changed significantly

C) the U.S. is becoming more unequal

Of all groups, which is LEAST likely to be poor? A) children under age 18 B) adults aged 18-64 C) the elderly aged 65 and over D) Asians E) Whites

C) the elderly aged 65 and over

There are several different ways to calculate fertility rates. Which is NOT one of them? A) average number of children born to a woman during her lifetime B) the number of children born per 1,000 women aged 15-49 C) the number of children born per 100 married couples D) the number of children born per 1,000 population

C) the number of children born per 100 married couples

Martha works a full-time job, as does her husband Ed, but she finds that when she comes home from work she is responsible for most of the household labor and care of their daughter. These responsibilities at home are referred to as: A) the marriage movement B) the marital decline perspective C) the second shift D) homework E) unfair!

C) the second shift

The most common way that partners now meet is: A) Internet B) friends or family C) work or school D) church E) blind date

C) work or school

Kim is an anthropologist studying how family members of different racial and ethnic groups care for their elderly. He is taking extensive notes of the way their culture shapes attitudes towards the elderly. These detailed accounts are called: A.) Lecture notes B.) Family reconstitution C. Ethnographies D.) Subsistence notes E.) HIstorical resources

C.) Ethnographies

____ transformed an economy from a system based on small family-based agriculture to one based on large industrial capital A.) Immigration B.) Class ideology C.) industrialization D.) Compadres E.) Subsistence

C.) Industrialization

Some people think that in the "good old days" we had fewer family problems such as divorce, poverty, or family violence. What do other people say? A.) The good old days only existed prior to the 20th century B.) The good old days only existed prior to the Industrial Revolution C.) The good old days were a myth D.) The good old days only existed for people in rural areas E.) The good old days only existed for White people

C.) The good old days were a myth

A dating practice in colonial America in which a young man and women could continue to date by spending the night in a bed together separated by a wooden board was called: A.) Separate spheres B.) Primogeniture C.) Bundling D.) Companionate dating E.) Boarding up

C.) bundling

What was so unique about the 1950s? A.) For the first time in a non-war period, married women with children were encouraged to work outside the home. B.) Movies and television portrayed strong, experienced, and intelligent women C.) The average age at first marriage dropped to 19 years, an all time low for women D.) The total fertility rate dropped quickly E.) People began to move back to the central cities to rebuild the vibrant culture that had been lose to World Wars I and II

C.) the average age at first marriage dropped to 19 years, an all time low for women

The 1960s and 1970s were a time of significant social change that affected families, including the civil rights movement, the women's movement, and the anti-war movement. What caused society to critically question so many dimensions of social life all at once, according to your text? A.) President Kennedy's assassination B.) The economic recession of the 1960s C.) The sheer number of young adults in society D.) The discontent with the growing number of families on welfare E.) Several child abductions that occurred across the country in 1963

C.) the sheer number of young adults in society

Pretend that you are a 20 year old White woman in Colonial America. Which of the following would likely describe aspects of your courtship and partnering? A.) Your father and mother selected your husband, and you likely had very little input B.) You were allowed to date, but you generally had to be home within one hour after dark C.) You could choose your own spouse, but marriage required parental consent D.) You did not engage in bundling until after 6 months of marriage E.) You were only allowed to see your boyfriend at his house instead of yours

C.) you could choose your own spouse, but marriage required parental consent

Agents of socialization: A) are more relevant in developing nations than developed industrialized ones B) put people in jail when they break the law C) are more relevant for boys than for girls D) teach children about the norms and values of their particular culture E) consist of individual persons known to the child, but not social institutions

D

All of the following would be denied to same-sex elderly couples EXCEPT: A) Social Security survivor benefits B) spousal Social Security benefits C) Medicaid regulations to protect the couple's home and other assets when one enters a nursing home D) the right to decide on the type of funeral for a partner E) protection from 401(k) tax penalties

D

Although most aspects of parenting differ little between heterosexual and homosexual families, gays and lesbians do have several unique aspects with respect to raising children. Which is NOT one of these unique aspects? A) The decision to parent is generally a deliberate choice that reflects a strong commitment to raising children. B) Lesbian and gay families are more likely to be affected by loss because relationships are more likely to break up. C) Lesbian and gay families must cope with homophobia and discrimination. D) Lesbians are less committed to sons than to daughters, and gays are less committed to daughters than sons. E) Lesbian and gay families often have a close network of fictive kin that sometimes stand in the place of biological families.

D

Approximately how many people were without health insurance prior to health care reform legislation? A) 12 million B) 21 million C) 38 million D) 50 million E) 68 million

D

If Akako finds working full-time while raising her two young children so demanding, then why not just work part-time? A) Part-time workers are more likely to have health insurance from their employers. B) Workers who go part-time earn nearly $2.00 per hour less than regular full-time workers. C) Part-time work has been outlawed in some states. D) Part-time workers are less likely to have pensions. E) Part-time work is only for teenagers.

D

In a comparison of 22 countries, child poverty in single-parent families is highest in what country/countries? A) Greece, Hungary, Mexico B) Poland, Belgium, U.S. C) Turkey D) U.S. E) Australia

D

Jason works hard to play the "tough guy." He avoids any suggestion of femininity, and believes that being a man means that he must always act tough or be in control, especially in control of women. He has also been violent towards his previous girlfriend. What theory might best explain his violence? A) family privacy B) the intergenerational transmission of violence C) stress D) patriarchy E) zero tolerance

D

Juanita, a Hispanic mother, feels strongly that she must teach her children about their cultural heritage, about the prejudice and discrimination they are likely to encounter, and provide her children with the coping skills necessary to deal with these issues and maintain a strong and healthy self-image. This is referred to as: A) prejudicial socialization B) anticipatory socialization C) minority-based socialization D) racial socialization E) discrimination-based socialization

D

Many factors contribute to child abuse, according to your text. Which is NOT one of them? A) parental stress B) social isolation C) unrealistic parental expectations D) having more daughters than sons E) single parenthood

D

Maxine is doing research on the elderly, and she is interested in discovering the ways that the elderly either continue the roles and activities they have developed over their lives or substitute new ones, because she assumes that older people are happiest when they stay involved. What theory guides her research? A) disengagement theory B) life course perspective C) critical theory D) activity theory E) political economy

D

Medicare: A) is the health insurance program that serves poor persons, regardless of age, but covers the long-term care services of many elderly B) was created in the 1930s during the New Deal after the Depression C) is structured so that the elderly spend very little out of their own pockets--only about $500 a year on average D) is an example of the uniquely American inconsistency in health care that is found in no other developed nation E) covers so many conditions and does it so inexpensively that very few elders have some additional form of insurance

D

Mothers in which race or ethnic group are most likely to work outside the home? A) American Indian B) Hispanic C) Whites D) Asian Americans E) Blacks

D

Nearly __________ of women have been abused by an intimate partner. A) 5 percent B) 10 percent C) 15 percent D) one quarter E) one half

D

Olivia is thinking about what it would be like to be a mother. Now that you are an expert on the subject, which of the following would you tell her? A) Mothers, as compared to fathers, do the majority of socialization, hands-on care, and emotional work, but fathers do the majority of discipline and management. B) Among mothers and fathers who work full-time, mothers are more involved in child care than are fathers when the children are preschool-aged, but by the time the children begin school, the time commitment of mothers and fathers is nearly equal. C) Employed mothers spend about 17 hours a week engaged with or accessible to their children as compared to about 52 hours a week for mothers who do not work outside the home; a large difference. D) Many employed mothers feel guilty about the time they spend away from home, although they only spend a few hours less with children per week than do mothers who are not employed outside the home. E) Compared to France, the U.S. has more social programs to help new mothers.

D

Some family allowances supplement the incomes of poor and modest income families with children as a means of reducing or preventing poverty. This is referred to as: A) horizontal equity B) equality principle C) strengthening labor force attachment D) vertical equity E) tax equity

D

The "oldest-old" cohort usually refers to people who are age A) 55 and over B) 65 and over C) 75 and over D) 85 and over E) 100 and over

D

________ is rooted in biology, whereas ________ refers to the culturally and socially constructed differences between males and females associated with masculinity and femininity. A) Gender; sex B) Hermaphrodite; gender C) Transsexual; bisexual D) Sex; gender E) Sexual script; intersex

D) Sex; Gender

The comparative data in Table 11.3 regarding husbands' and wives' responses to housework questions show: A) there is a high degree of agreement between husbands and wives regarding who does the housework B) husbands underestimate the amount of work they actually do C) only in Russia do wives and husbands say that the housework is usually or always done by the husband D) wives are more likely than husbands to say that the work is always or usually done by the wife E) in most countries, including the U.S., most husbands and wives say that the housework is shared about equally

D

The opening vignette in Chapter 13 reveals: A) most battered women who fight back spend some time in jail B) females who were hit as children are more likely to abuse animals, especially if the mother did the hitting C) child neglect can stunt a child's physical growth D) there may be a link between spanking and IQ E) the reason that girls abuse animals more than boys do is because they are trying to obtain more power in their lives

D

What is the effect of mother's employment on child well-being? A) The effects of employment are usually found to be quite positive. B) The effects of employment are usually found to be quite negative. C) The effects of employment are usually mixed and contradictory because researchers only report what supports their opinions. D) It largely depends on the quality of the child care program. E) The effects of employment on boys are usually found to be negative, but the effects on girls are usually found to be more positive.

D

Which is true with respect to widowhood? A) Widowhood may contribute to an earlier death for Blacks, but not for Whites. B) Most studies find that women who lose their spouses have a more difficult time than do men who lose their spouses because they are likely to be poorer, and less likely to have widowed friends. C) Middle-class couples, as compared to working-class couples, may experience less disorganization in their lives immediately after the death of a spouse. D) Over 14 million persons are classified as widowed in the U.S. and 85 percent of them are women. E) Widowed women are more likely to remarry than are widowed men.

D

Which of the following is a recent worldwide trend with respect to childrearing? A) Parents are becoming more involved in childrearing, and other people or social institutions are taking a lesser role. B) Women are less likely to be employed outside the home because of the difficulties with the worldwide economy. C) Parents prefer to have girls rather than boys. D) Parents are becoming more permissive and value child independence. E) Parents desire larger families.

D

Which of the following is/are societal or cultural explanations for violence and abuse among intimates? A) the intergenerational transmission of violence B) stress C) stress and patriarchy D) family privacy, cultural norms supporting violence, patriarchy E) family privacy, the intergenerational transmission of violence, cultural norms supporting violence

D

Your mom and dad are approaching retirement age. What would you tell them about sex differences in retirement? A) Women begin planning for retirement earlier than men. B) The process of retiring is associated with a decrease in marital quality for women but not for men. C) Conflicts are most likely to arise when both spouses retire at the same time, rather than one retiring while the other continues working. D) Men are more satisfied with retirement than are women. E) Part-time employment is linked to retirement satisfaction for both men and women.

D

According to Figure 9.1, the U.S. fertility rate dropped dramatically during two periods in history. What periods were these? A) 1920-1935; 1985-2000 B) 1940-1950; 1970-1980 C) 1930-1945; 1990-2004 D) 1920-1935; 1960-1975 E) 1960-1975; 1990-2004

D) 1920-1935; 1960-1975

4) In 2010, about 65 percent of Americans were White; by 2050 Whites will comprise about ________ percent of the population. A) 74 B) 60 C) 53 D) 46 E) 35

D) 46

What is a key feature of marriage among the !Kung San of Southern Africa, according to Box 2.1? A) Wives are usually older than their husbands by at least 10 years. B) Girls are typically married when they are between 15-17 years of age. C) The newly married couple practices a patrilocal pattern. D) A new husband must hunt for his father-in-law for many years to establish and maintain his marriage. E) After people marry, they are expected to leave the group and establish themselves as members of a different clan.

D) A new husband must hunt for his father-in-law for many years to establish and maintain his marriage.

Gloria decided to change her last name when she got married. Since you have taken this course, you decided to share with her some facts about women changing their names. Which is NOT one of the facts you would share? A) Changing wives' names is a carryover from older patriarchal and patrilineal customs where, upon marriage, a woman became the legal property of her husband. B) Historically, last names were created to codify inheritance rules; the last name was the only way to show whom the father was. C) Much of what people do in marriage is simply done out of habit, even when the tradition has no legal or financial basis. D) A woman's name will automatically change to her husband's, unless she petitions the court to keep her maiden name. E) There has been a large and steady increase in the likelihood of women retaining their maiden names or hyphenating their names when they marry.

D) A woman's name will automatically change to her husband's, unless she petitions the court to keep her maiden name.

According to World Map 6.1, which part of the world contains the largest percentage of minorities? A) The U.S. B) Europe C) Brazil D) Africa E) Russia

D) Africa

According to the Census Bureau data, which group is most likely to be married? A) Hispanics B) Whites C) Blacks D) Asians E) Hispanics and Whites are about equally likely to be married

D) Asians

5) The largest number of immigrants in America today comes from: A) Central America and Europe B) Europe and Asia C) Canada and Europe D) Central America and Asia E) South America and Russia

D) Central America and Asia

Which of the following principles about sexuality is NOT true, according to Anderson and Taylor? A) Sexual attitudes and behaviors are substantially different across cultures. B) Sexual attitudes and behaviors change over time. C) Social institutions channel and direct sexuality. D) Sexual orientation is learned.

D) Sexual orientation is learned.

Yue is researching the one-child policy in China. She has discovered: A) the one-child policy has not worked because most Chinese oppose the policy and have a second child secretly B) China's population has been reduced by about 50 million people because of the policy---about the population of California, Oregon, and Washington combined C) China's policy has resulted in a sex-ratio imbalance; in 2000 nearly 50,000 fewer female births were recorded than what would be expected D) China has banned elective amniocentesis and has attempted to restrict the use of ultrasound scanners to determine the sex of the fetus so that parents will not know if they are having a boy or girl until their child is born E) girls have been abandoned, killed, or aborted because the Chinese do not like children

D) China has banned elective amniocentesis and has attempted to restrict the use of ultrasound scanners to determine the sex of the fetus so that parents will not know if they are having a boy or girl until their child is born

You are writing a term paper about cohabitation and children for your Family Studies class. Which of the following trend seems to be the most accurate? A) Cohabiting households are much less likely to have children in them than do married-couple households. B) The research is clear: cohabitation is good for children. C) Children who live with their mother and her male cohabiting partner have similar school performance and have no more behavioral problems than do children who live solely with a single mother or two biological parents. D) Cohabiting families spend money differently than do married-parent families, such as spending more money on alcohol and tobacco, and less money on education. E) Male cohabiting partners spend more time in children's organized activities, such as school or community activities than do stepfathers.

D) Cohabiting families spend money differently than do married-parent families, such as spending more money on alcohol and tobacco, and less money on education.

Many international organizations believe that family planning can have a large and direct impact on the quality of women's lives throughout the world. Which is NOT one of the reasons they would cite? A) Postponing childbirth among young women increases their chances of receiving a good education. B) Each year, more than 585,000 women die due to pregnancy-related causes. C) Family planning can reduce maternal mortality by reducing the number of high-risk pregnancies, or by allowing women to space pregnancies further apart. D) Family planning increases the abortion rate where abortion is legal and provides an important option when women cannot get their husbands to use condoms. E) Family planning may limit the spread of HIV/AIDS-related diseases

D) Family planning increases the abortion rate where abortion is legal and provides an important option when women cannot get their husbands to use condoms.

Which theory is an example of a micro theory? A) structural functionalist theory B) conflict theory C) feminist theory D) family systems theory E) empirical theory

D) Family systems theory

Relationships by blood, marriage, or affection, in which members may cooperate economically, may care for any children, and may consider their identity to be intimately connected to the larger group define a/an: A) domestic partner B) fictive kin C) empirical relationship D) family E) quantitative method

D) Famliy

Ryan and Jane want to adopt a baby. What information are they likely to encounter? A) The number of open adoptions declined when the Association of Black Social Workers suggested that open adoption was cultural genocide because the minority children placed in White families do not learn about their own history and culture. B) They better get married because it is extremely difficult for singles to adopt. C) If they are lesbian, they should be aware that only 29 states allow for openly gay or lesbian adoption. D) If they live in a state that does not allow gays and lesbians to openly adopt, then one partner may adopt and then the other partner applies as a second parent or co-parent. E) If they want to adopt a child from another country, Guatemala is the most popular option.

D) If they live in a state that does not allow gays and lesbians to openly adopt, then one partner may adopt and then the other partner applies as a second parent or co-parent.

Which is a component of the Family Medical Leave Act? A) It allows 6 weeks of paid time off to have a baby or to care for an immediate family member with a specified medical condition. B) It allows 6 weeks of paid time off to have a baby vaginally, or 12 weeks for a Cesarean section, but it does not cover any other conditions. C) It is only eligible for people who work in businesses with over 5 people, and the employee must have worked full-time for 2 years. D) It requires employers with over 50 employees to provide 12 weeks of unpaid leave to employees to care for themselves or their immediate family with specified medical conditions. E) It allows for 6 weeks of paid leave, and then 52 weeks of unpaid leave, to employees to care for themselves or their family with specified medical conditions, but the employee must have worked full-time for 3 years.

D) It requires employers with over 50 employees to provide 12 weeks of unpaid leave to employees to care for themselves or their immediate family with specified medical conditions.

What is a fundamental difference between Karl Marx and Max Weber? A) Karl Marx did not view social class as rooted in the production process. B) Max Weber believed that America is a caste system. C) Karl Marx believed that the proletariat represents those people who own the means of production. D) Max Weber emphasized a multidimensional approach to class consisting of wealth, prestige, and power. E) Karl Marx believed that it was easy to engage in social mobility because of the nature of jobs during the Industrial Revolution.

D) Max Weber emphasized a multidimensional approach to class consisting of wealth, prestige, and power.

3) Which of the following best summarizes the attitudes of U.S. high school seniors towards marriage and family? A) Both boys and girls believe that a good marriage and family life are extremely important; however, the percentage that thinks so has declined since the early 1980s. B) Most boys think that cohabiting before marriage is a good idea, but most girls do not. C) Teenagers are more likely to accept divorce, cohabitation, singlehood, and being childfree as legitimate lifestyles, while at the same time also believing that marriage, children, and a strong family life are important goals. D) Over two-thirds of boys and girls believe that most people will have fuller and happier lives if they choose legal marriage rather than staying single or cohabiting. E) Overwhelmingly, teenagers disapprove of divorce.

D) Over two-thirds of boys and girls believe that most people will have fuller and happier lives if they choose legal marriage rather than staying single or cohabiting.

Which of the following may improve the likelihood of having a happy, satisfying, and successful marriage? A) Marry someone whose parents divorced because they will try more diligently to make their own marriage work out. B) Marry someone who has a quite different background than your own so that things will be more exciting. C) Let the wife do the housework, even if she thinks it is unfair. D) Share a religious faith with your spouse and attend religious services frequently, because people who do so think less about divorce and have lower levels of negative interactions with their spouse. E) Have irregular or infrequent sex.

D) Share a religious faith with your spouse and attend religious services frequently, because people who do so think less about divorce and have lower levels of negative interactions with their spouse.

Macro theories represent a general framework that focuses on: A) personal dynamics and face-to-face interaction B) the social interaction between family and members of other groups, and is concerned with the meanings and interpretations that people have C) the family into which you were born D) societal patterns E) other societies around the world or other historical periods to see how others organize their social life and respond to its challenges

D) Societal Patterns

Carla's husband recently left her and their three children for another woman. He pays no child support, she has few job skills, and is destitute. Therefore she turns to the principal cash welfare program, which is called: A) food stamps B) Social Security C) social structure program D) Temporary Assistance for Needy Families E) universal cash

D) Temporary Assistance for Needy Families

How does the ideology of "family" shape perceptions of immigrant children, according to researcher Karen Pyke in the feature box? A) Immigrant parents and their children become closer as they all try to act "American." B) The Mexican families that she interviewed felt that the circumstances surrounding parents' immigration, particularly whether their immigration was legal or illegal, influences how they socialize their sons more so than their daughters. C) Parents watch television to observe how American families are supposed to act, and practice their new model of parenthood with their children. D) The cultural imagery of American families that children see on television is often at odds with many immigrant families and the children denigrate their own families as deficient. E) Parents panic over the different expectations of families in the U.S. compared to their homeland, and it causes them to be extremely strict with their daughters.

D) The cultural imagery of American families that children see on television is often at odds with many immigrant families and the children denigrate their own families as deficient.

Which of the following is true about the middle class? A) They wield the most power in society because of their size. B) They are often highly educated professionals. C) They comprise about 60 percent of the population. D) They average from about $40,000 to possibly even $100,000 with two incomes. E) About half work in "blue collar" occupations.

D) They average from about $40,000 to possibly even $100,000 with two incomes.

Which country has the least generous maternity and family leave policies? A) Bangladesh B) India C) Nigeria D) U.S. E) Spain

D) U.S.

Which group has the lowest fertility rate, according to Figure 9.2? A) Hispanics B) Asian/Pacific Islanders C) Blacks D) Whites E) both Asian/Pacific Islanders and Whites

D) Whites

Although more Blacks are joining the ranks of the middle class, it remains that they tend to have far fewer assets than do Whites. Why is this the case, according to your text? A) Blacks are more likely to live in extended families. B) Whites have a more difficult time obtaining a home mortgage loan from banks. C) Homes in predominantly Black neighborhoods appreciate in value more rapidly than do homes in predominantly White neighborhoods. D) Whites are more likely to draw upon the assets of their parents through a loan or inheritance. E) Blacks are less likely to receive promotions on the job.

D) Whites are more likely to draw upon the assets of their parents through a loan or inheritance.

Which of the following is NOT a component of the female sexual script in American society? A) Women should make themselves attractive to men to get their attention, but they should not make themselves too sexually attractive. B) Women's genitals are mysterious. C) Women should not know too much about sex or be too experienced. D) Women should be assertive and request clitoral stimulation. E) Sexual intercourse is supposed to lead to orgasm and other stimulation should be unnecessary.

D) Women should be assertive and request clitoral stimulation.

What is a fistula? A) a type of marriage pattern in which one woman is married to many men B) a form of female genital cutting to preserve virginity C) a form of family pattern that encourages a newly married couple to live with the wife's family D) a hole between a woman's vagina and other internal organs caused by prolonged and obstructed childbirth E) an event in which a woman is stoned to death for committing adultery

D) a hole between a woman's vagina and other internal organs caused by prolonged and obstructed childbirth

With respect to infertility in the U.S.: A) it affects women more often than men B) it often goes undiagnosed until a couple has had at least three years of unprotected intercourse or until she has suffered a miscarriage C) it can sometimes be helped with ART, which includes all fertility treatments in which neither the egg or sperm are handled D) about 12 percent of women of childbearing age have received an infertility service E) it averages about seven ART attempts to have a successful birth

D) about 12 percent of women of childbearing age have received an infertility service

Civil unions: A) are legal in all 50 states B) allow a couple to file joint federal and state tax returns C) allow partners to make unlimited tax-free property transfers and gifts to each other as if they were a married couple, regardless of the size of the gift D) allow partners to make health decisions for an incompetent or disabled person only in the state where the civil union was granted E) are a public recognition of a relationship that is equivalent to marriage and offer the same rights and privileges

D) allow partners to make health decisions for an incompetent or disabled person only in the state where the civil union was granted

8) The one-child policy in China consists of several rules. Which is NOT one of these? A) delayed marriage and delayed childbearing B) fewer and healthier births C) one child per couple D) any pregnancy after the first one must be aborted

D) any pregnancy after the first one must be aborted

Which is NOT one of the ways that core countries use their historical advantages to manipulate other poorer countries for their own benefit, according to world systems theory? A) extracting a poor country's resources B) hiring cheap labor C) promoting and encouraging debt D) building faulty sanitation facilities E) destroying the environment Diff: 2 Page Ref: 58

D) building faulty sanitation facilities

In India: A) about 65 percent of marriages are arranged B) another word for an arranged marriage is "forced" C) Indians spent a considerable amount of time negotiating a dowry, which is the financial gift given to a man's prospective in-laws by his parents D) child marriage was outlawed in 1978; however, it is still practiced in parts of the country E) Indians would like to focus more on passionate love, as we do in the U.S.

D) child marriage was outlawed in 1978; however, it is still practiced in parts of the country

Socioeconomic status (SES) is made up of some combination of: A) education and ascribed status B) ascribed status and occupation C) education and income D) education, occupation, and income E) ascribed status, income, and education

D) education, occupation, and income

There are various ways that families, communities, and the state may try to control love, according to sociologist William J. Goode. Which is NOT one of these ways? A) have a child married or betrothed prior to puberty B) clearly define the pool of eligible future spouses so that the major decision is when, rather than with whom, to marry C) isolate young people from one another to eliminate opportunities for interaction D) encourage young people to socialize at school so that teachers can keep an eye on them E) control the social environment, such as sending the child to certain schools, living in a particular neighborhood, or getting involved in a specific church

D) encourage young people to socialize at school so that teachers can keep an eye on them

Martin and Janie are madly in love. However, they are first cousins, and first cousins are prohibited from marrying in the state in which they live. They are expected to marry someone from outside their family. This is an example of what norm? A) selection effect B) endogamy C) dowry D) exogamy E) spurious

D) exogamy

Mary and Jessica have been in love and living together for many years. Currently they live in Texas, but plan to move to Massachusetts soon because it is one of the few states that allows same-sex marriage. Their parents strongly disapprove of lesbian relationships because they believe that Mary and Jessica are violating what type of social norm? A) modernization B) endogamy C) statuses D) exogamy E) world systems theory Diff: 2 Page Ref: 43

D) exogamy

According to sociologist William J. Goode, many changes in families occur as societies modernize and become more industrialized and developed. Which would be an example of this change? A) mate selection becomes more controlled B) there is a shift toward extended families C) kinship becomes more patrilineal D) families become more egalitarian E) there is an increasing emphasis on ascribed status Diff: 2 Page Ref: 56-57

D) families become more egalitarian

With a shift to modernization, societies experience a progressive loss of the intimacy found in primary relationships, referred to as ________, and the result is a society composed of more impersonal secondary relationships, known as ________. A) gesellschaft; world systems B) patriarchy; world systems C) gemeinschaft; egalitarian D) gemeinschaft; gesellschaft E) gesellschaft; gemeinschaft Diff: 3 Page Ref: 56

D) gemeinschaft; gesellschaft

Carly's mom and dad take their role as parents very seriously. They want their children to conform to traditional expectations, so they make sure that Carly is dressed in pretty clothes, that she doesn't get too dirty, that she plays with dolls, and that she doesn't behave in ways that they consider too active or aggressive. This teaching process is called: A) the double standard B) a gender sharia C) a gender curriculum D) gender socialization E) a sexual script Diff: 2 Page Ref: 98-103

D) gender socialization

Female genital cutting or mutilation: A) has occurred among nearly 20 million women and girls around the world B) was done by a doctor in about half of cases, according to a study of 2,000 women living in Egypt C) is the equivalent of male circumcision D) in countries where practiced, has widespread support among women E) continues because it is deeply rooted in religious customs Diff: 3 Page Ref: 106-107

D) in countries where practiced, has widespread support among women

Ju-long has overcome a difficult childhood to become a successful college student, a kind friend, and a loving boyfriend. He was, and continues to be insightful, independent, creative, and has a good sense of humor and a strong sense of morality. Within the concept of resiliency, these are known as: A) ideological factors B) family recovery factors C) systems theoretical factors D) individual-level protective factors E) developmental factors

D) individual-level protective factors

According to anthropologist William Stephens, the definition of marriage includes four important components. Which is NOT one of them? A) a socially legitimate sexual union B) a public announcement C) contains some ideas about permanence D) involves one man and one woman E) assumes an explicit marriage contract that spells out reciprocal obligations between spouses, and between spouses and their children

D) involves one man and one woman

The transition to parenthood: A) is surprisingly easy to most new parents B) is innate C) is surprisingly difficult D) is easy for mothers but not for fathers E) is similar for men and women because they tend to think about babies in similar ways and analyze their thoughts so that they fit the image of "good" mothers and fathers

D) is easy for mothers but not for fathers

One universal feature of marriage is that: A) the woman always wears white on her wedding day B) spouses are always best friends C) there is always an avenue for divorce if it does not work out D) its beginning is marked in some way by a ceremony E) it cannot occur among siblings or first cousins

D) its beginning is marked in some way by a ceremony

Marriages that are based on mutual affection, sexual attraction, compatibility, and personal happiness are called: A.) Compadres B.) Shared spheres C.) Family reconstitution D.) Companionate families E.) Open marriage

D.) Companionate families

29) Alaska Natives: A) are misnamed, because they actually live in Washington state as well B) experienced their most dramatic changes during the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century C) had a traditional native culture that was tied to nature and the bounty it provided, but few Alaska Natives today report that subsistence is important to their households D) live in native villages that now have mixed economies in which small to moderate amounts of earned cash are available E) face few of the social problems that plague other Native American groups, such as suicide, domestic violence, or alcohol abuse, because they receive special benefits given by the federal government, and rich oil revenues

D) live in native villages that now have mixed economies in which small to moderate amounts of earned cash are available

Sam believes that the institution of marriage is increasingly being threatened by hedonistic pursuits of personal happiness at the expense of a long-term commitment. He feels that this threat to marriage results in many other social problems, including poverty and juvenile delinquency. Sam is voicing the: A) benefits of marriage perspective B) marital resilience perspective C) covenant marriage perspective D) marital decline perspective E) marital selection effect perspective

D) marital decline perspective

Polygyny is defined as: A) one man married to one woman B) the expectation for a newly married couple to live with the man's parents C) one's lineage and patterns of descent being passed down on the father's side D) one man married to multiple women E) power and authority are vested in men

D) one man married to multiple women

There is little social stigma when girls are labeled "tomboys," but suggesting that a boy is a "sissy" or "throws like a girl" is harsh criticism that is tantamount to social suicide. This suggests: A) girls experience tremendous pressure to conform to culturally valued ideals B) both boys and girls receive gender messages C) infibulation has harmful effects on boys D) perhaps boys experience even greater pressure to conform to gendered expectations than girls do E) sharia involves different expectations in sports

D) perhaps boys experience even greater pressure to conform to gendered expectations than girls do

The belief that one racial group is superior or inferior to others is called: A) ethnocentrism B) harborism C) ethnic cleansing D) racism E) discrimination

D) racism

According to the text, the public is far more concerned with Hispanics who do not speak English than they are with Asian Americans who do not speak English. Which is NOT of the reasons for this greater concern over Hispanics? A) racism against Hispanics B) diversity in Asian American languages make it difficult to pick one as a scapegoat C) Hispanics represent a greater number of people than do Asian Americans D) second-generation Hispanics usually do not speak English well, unlike second-generation Asian Americans E) the media play up and exaggerate the extent to which Hispanics speak Spanish Diff: 3 Page Ref: 165-166

D) second-generation Hispanics usually do not speak English well, unlike second-generation Asian Americans

Daniel Patrick Moynihan received a lot of attention for his report published in 1965, "The Negro Family: The Case for National Inaction." In this report he claimed: A) slavery should no longer be used as an explanation for family patterns among Black families B) terms like ʺNegroʺ perpetuate racism C) disagreement with the idea that mothers in Black families become matriarchs D) social problems experienced by Black families, such as higher rates of delinquency, alcoholism, or out of wedlock births were a by-product of urban structural conditions of society, failing social institutions, and racism E) Black families experience no more social problems than do White families, once one controls for level of income

D) social problems experienced by Black families, such as higher rates of delinquency, alcoholism, or out of wedlock births were a by-product of urban structural conditions of society, failing social institutions, and racism

As a student, you usually take notes in class. Student is your ________; taking notes is your ________. A) ascribed status; endogamy B) role; status C) matriarchy; role D) status; role E) achieved status; ascribed status

D) status; role

Adrian believes that poverty is a result of the low wages paid to those people working in the growing service sector. His beliefs represent: A) boot-strapping B) individualism C) fatalism D) structuralism E) socialism

D) structuralism

The feminist perspective: A) has nothing in common with the conservative perspective B) attributes the difficulties children face to sexist parenting practices in the home and in the schools C) has fallen out of fashion in the 21st century D) suggests that children face problems because of a lack of cooperation between the community, family, and employment to improve the quality of life E) believes that gross cultural and moral weakening contributes to father absence and family disorganization through divorce or illegitimacy

D) suggests that children face problems because of a lack of cooperation between the community, family, and employment to improve the quality of life

Families are found throughout the world. Despite their diversity, there are many critical universal features of families. Which is NOT one of these universal features? A) marriage B) regulation of sexual behavior C) reproduction and socializing children D) taking care of the elderly E) property and inheritance

D) taking care of the elderly

Xuan and Suong have different opinions about how to discipline their children, ages 6 and 8. Xuan believes that you should never spank children, but Suong sees spanking as an appropriate punishment when their children misbehave. This difference is causing conflict in their marriage. What type of conflict are they experiencing? A) regulated conflict B) unregulated conflict C) ego conflict D) value conflict E) violent conflict

D) value conflict

Dating as we know it began to take shape during the late 19th and early 20th century for many reasons. Which is NOT one of these reasons? A) prolonged adolescence B) greater interaction between males and females in school C) the widespread purchase of the automobile D) women had the right to vote E) a higher standard of living and more disposable income

D) women had the right to vote

How would we characterized parenting in colonial America? A.) Highly permissive B.) few class variations C.) Both boys and girls were trained by the mother D.) Children were treated as miniature adults in many ways E.) Parents averaged 12-14 children, but only 10-11 of them lived.

D.) Children were treated as miniature adults in many ways

Which of the following statements is TRUE about families in the first half of the 20th century? A.) It is estimated that one in two workers was unemployed and searching for work during the Depression, although this figure likely discounts seasonal workers B.) During the Depression, discrimination against women was minimal because society recognized that man women were the primary breadwinner in their families C.) During World War II, women were encouraged to work outside the home as their patriotic duty, but "color bars" continued to severely limit the type of work that minorities could do D.) Divorce rate rose dramatically during and immediately after World War II E.) During the 1950s the total fertility rate dropped considerable

D.) Divorce rate rose dramatically during the immediately after World War II

Among the early Roman families, the ____ were landowners, and therefore at the top of the stratification system, while slaves were at the bottom. A.) Compadres B.) Companionate family C.) Primogeniture D.) Patricians E.) Pellies

D.) Patricians

According to Table 3.1, which type or types of society tended towards nuclear families? A.) hunting-gathering; agricultural B.) horticultural; industrial C.) Agricultural D.) hunting-gathering;industrial E.) horticultural

D.) hunting-gathering; industrial

Which type of societies had subsistence economies? A.) Industrial B.) Agrarian C.) Horticultural D.) Postindustrial E.) Hunting and gathering

E.) Hunting and gathering

A 2009 Pew Research survey found that among 22- to 29-year-olds, 1 in 8 say that because of the recession they have moved back to live with their parents after being on their own, thus giving them the nickname of: A) dependency theorists B) clingy children C) helicopter parents D) the needy generation E) boomerangers

E

A violence scale based on people's responses about how they deal with disagreements in relationships is the basis for the: A) Common Couple Violence Scale (CCV) B) Gender-Based Violence Scale (GBV) C) Domestic Violence Scale (DVS D) Violence Among Intimates Scale (VAIS) E) Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS)

E

About one in _________ lesbian couples and one in __________ gay couples are raising children. A) 10; 20 B) 10; 50 C) 5; 20 D) 5; 10 E) 3; 5

E

According to the World Map, the area LEAST likely to see tremendous growth in the proportion of elderly in the population is: A) Russia B) China C) South America D) U.S. E) Africa

E

Cassie is experiencing "triple jeopardy," which refers to: A) living on only Social Security payments B) adult children, usually daughters, who are caring for both their parents and their own children at the same time C) persons aged 100 and over D) lower-income persons pay a higher tax rate than do higher-income persons E) people who face multiple disadvantages in society, such as being old, female, and minority

E

ECEC is: A) a tax program to help families find and keep employment B) the title of a maternity leave program found in Sweden C) child care that is provided in a private home other than the child's home D) a theory that explains the division of household labor E) an international term for day care, preschool, and other programs to ensure that all children begin elementary school ready to learn

E

Grandmothers are more likely than grandfathers to have responsibility for maintaining family relationships, and are referred to as the _________ in the family. A) baby-boomer B) centenarian C) fictive kin D) gerontologist E) kinkeeper

E

Health care reform legislation was designed to do all of the following EXCEPT: A) most individuals will be required to have health insurance by 2014 B) individuals who do not have access to affordable employer coverage will be able to purchase coverage through a health insurance exchange with "credits" available to make coverage more affordable to some people C) employers will be required to pay penalties for employees who receive credits D) new regulations will be imposed on health plans that will prevent health insurers from denying coverage to people for any reason, or for charging higher premiums based on health status or sex E) the Medicaid program will be rolled over into a national health insurance program

E

How do nonstandardized work schedules affect family life? A) They help keep child care costs down. B) They are desired by women who have large families. C) They can make it difficult to move into the tertiary sector. D) They increase the likelihood of receiving higher pay and/or fringe benefits. E) Temporary work agencies are booming; manpower is one of the largest private employers in the U.S.

E

In the opening vignette of Chapter 10 we can see that although parenting may be universal, the act of parenting is highly variable as shown in the example of: A) caring for triplets B) caring for a child with a very high IQ C) a teenage single father D) a child being raised by his grandparents E) caring for a highly disabled child

E

Largely because of cost, Bobby, age 11, comes home and takes care of himself after school until his parents come home around 5:30. This is called: A) ECEC B) family care C) social insecurity D) nonstandard work schedule E) self-care

E

Nils lives in a country that has a family allowance to accomplish an important objective: horizontal equity. This means: A) supplementing the incomes of poor and most low-income families with children to prevent poverty B) benefits are only available to working families with children, or a higher benefit is given to working parents C) allowances foster societal cohesion D) families only get benefits if their child receives full immunizations, thereby encouraging preventive health care E) the redistribution of income from childless households to families with children, in recognition of the heavier financial burden imposed by childrearing

E

Several factors are associated with abuse by an intimate partner. Which is NOT one of those factors? A) low levels of education B) middle age C) low income or employment problems D) abuse in family of orientation E) a bad temper and unpredictability

E

The author of your text had a grandmother who lived to be over 108 years old. She is an example of a/an: A) gerontologist B) sandwich generation C) ADL D) triple jeopardy E) centenarian

E

Tyrone works two part-time jobs to support his family; the hours of one job vary each week and sometimes require him to work at night. This type of job has a/an: A) living wage B) secondary schedule C) secondary tier D) secondary schedule E) nonstandardized work schedule

E

U.S. industries have undergone rapid restructuring in the past few decades in response to technological changes and: A) ECEC B) time availability C) spillover D) role overload E) globalization

E

Which group of children is most likely to live with a single parent? A) Hispanic B) White C) Asian or Pacific Islander D) American Indian E) Black

E

With respect to child abuse, which of the following is TRUE? A) Physical abuse is the most common type. B) About 900 children died in 2008 due to abuse and neglect. C) Most child abuse is perpetuated by a stepparent or unmarried partner. D) Male victims outnumber female victims, except for sexual abuse. E) Black children are most likely to experience abuse and Asian American children are least likely.

E

With respect to dementia: A) it is the most common form of Alzheimer's disease B) Alzheimer's disease is declining because doctors now can reverse it if caught early enough C) it affects about l million elderly D) it affects people primarily older than age 75, and it comes on quickly E) it includes a decline in memory and in some cognitive abilities

E

16) A typical two-parent middle-class family spends about $________, pre-tax, to raise a child to age 18. A) $55,000 B) $86,000 C) $112,000 D) $153,000 E) $220,000

E) $220,000

About how many people are poor in the U.S.? A) 8 million B) 15 million C) 26 million D) 37 million E) 44 million

E) 44 million

27) Why are Asian Americans sometimes referred to as the "model minority"? A) All immigrants groups from Asia have been wealthy. B) Asian immigrants did not come to the U.S. fleeing war or political strife. C) The term is traced back to a period when Asian features were thought to be the most beautiful. D) No one really knows how the term originated, but continues to be used. E) Asian Americans have the highest family incomes, even higher than Whites, and their children are most likely to go to college.

E) Asian Americans have the highest family incomes, even higher than Whites, and their children are most likely to go to college.

_________ refers to how we are taught the norms associated with being a male or female in our particular culture. A) Gender training B) Social construction C) Gendered curriculum D) Gender infibulation E) Gender socialization

E) Gender socialization

Where would we find a social class system developed and sanctioned by the government that views the population as being in distinct categories? A) The United States B) India C) Japan D) China E) Great Britain

E) Great Britain

Are there significant differences between first and subsequent generations of Hispanics? A) No, there are few significant differences. B) The economic prospects of the first generation are considerably higher than the second generation. C) Second generations are less likely to be assimilated than are Hispanics of the first generation. D) First generations are more likely to believe that they have been discriminated against than are subsequent generations. E) Nearly 9 in 10 of subsequent generations speak English only, or speak English very well. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 164-165.

E) Nearly 9 in 10 of subsequent generations speak English only, or speak English very well.

Which of the following is FALSE with respect to women workers? A) Today 69 percent of married mothers, 71 percent of single mothers, and 80 percent of divorced, separated, or widowed mothers are employed for pay. B) Until 1970 mothers tended to organize their labor around childbearing and childrearing, but today childbearing and childrearing are likely to be organized to fit the demands of work. C) The median weekly earnings of women who are full-time wage and salary workers are about 80 percent of men's. D) White and Asian American women earn wages closer to their male counterparts than do Black or Hispanic women. E) Pay differentials between men and women decline significantly with increased education. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 112-113

E) Pay differentials between men and women decline significantly with increased education.

Which of the following countries has the lowest infant mortality rate? A) India B) the U.S. C) Brazil D) Japan E) Sweden Diff: 2 Page Ref: 62

E) Sweden

Which is a characteristic of polyandry? A) It tends to occur in wealthy societies. B) Women tend to have higher status in countries that practice polyandry. C) It involves two or more women who are married to two or more men. D) It is more commonly practiced around the world than polygyny. E) The multiple husbands are usually brothers or otherwise related.

E) The multiple husbands are usually brothers or otherwise related.

According to Figure 8.2, what happened to marriage between 1970 and 2009? A) The percentage of men who were married remained about the same, but it declined for women. B) The percentage of men and women who were married remained about the same. C) The percentage of men who were married declined, but it increased for women. D) The percentage of men who were married increased, but it declined for women. E) The percentage of men and women who were married declined.

E) The percentage of men and women who were married declined.

The "wedding industrial complex" refers to: A) elaborate wedding ceremonies that became more common after the Industrial Revolution B) the process by which parents arrange the marriages of their children before those children are even adolescents C) the Islamic tradition of segregating the wedding reception by sex D) couples in developing countries often shunning traditional wedding clothing and wanting to look like brides and grooms from industrialized developed countries E) a huge multibillion-dollar entity that is dominated by many intertwined social institutions

E) a huge multibillion-dollar entity that is dominated by many intertwined social institutions

A lack of resources that is life-threatening, such as what might be found in the slums of Cambodia or Nepal, would be called: A) relative poverty B) real poverty C) social poverty D) out-of-pocket poverty E) absolute poverty

E) absolute poverty

Nalim, who lives in Bhutan, is profiled in the featured box. What type of poverty does Nalim experience? A) relative poverty B) real poverty C) social poverty D) out-of-pocket poverty E) absolute poverty

E) absolute poverty

What are the advantages and disadvantages of an experiment? A) advantage: good for gathering information about issues that are not directly observed; disadvantage: because the data were collected for another purpose, the researcher cannot control what variables were included B) advantage: good for exploratory and descriptive study in a natural setting; disadvantage: a potential for a low response rate C) advantage: group interaction may produce more valuable insights than individual surveys; disadvantage: research must balance roles of participant and observer D) advantage: saves the expense and time of original data collection; disadvantage: replication of research is difficult E) advantage: provides greatest opportunity to assess cause and effect; disadvantage: the setting may have an artificial quality about it

E) advantage: provides greatest opportunity to assess cause and effect; disadvantage: the setting may have an artificial quality about it

Structural functionalist theory focuses on: A) the social interaction between family members and other groups and is concerned with the meanings and interpretations that people have B) gender as the central concept for explaining family structures and family dynamics C) collecting data that can be measured numerically D) the distinct stages of families and family members with their set of tasks, roles, and responsibilities E) all social institutions, including the family, that exist to fill a need in society

E) all social institutions, including the family, that exist to fill a need in society

With respect to the medicalization of childbirth in the U.S.: A) until the 17th century, childbirth was generally not considered to be a medical event B) midwives were the first physician specialty, and they worked closely with obstetricians to help women have babies C) the desire to eliminate midwives was primarily motivated by increasing the safety of birth D) as providers shifted from midwives to obstetricians, women were given more power and control over the childbirth experience E) because it was difficult to apply all the new technology at home, births were moved to a hospital, and by 1900 physicians in hospitals were attending about half of all births

E) because it was difficult to apply all the new technology at home, births were moved to a hospital, and by 1900 physicians in hospitals were attending about half of all births

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), __________ is the most commonly reported STI in the U.S., but __________ has the highest prevalence. A) syphilis; chlamydia B) gonorrhea; syphilis C) genital herpes; syphilis D) HIV/AIDS; chlamydia E) chlamydia; genital herpes

E) chlamydia; genital herpes

According to wedding announcements in the New York Times, the percentage of women who kept their own last names after marriage between 1990 and 2000 ________. A) doubled B) tripled C) increased tenfold D) remained the same E) declined

E) declined

The number of international adoptions has __________ in recent years. A) increased sharply B) increased somewhat C) stabilized D) declined somewhat E) declined sharply

E) declined sharply

The global gag rule: A) provides U.S. funding for abortions only in cases of rape or incest B) was enacted by President Obama C) increases funding for family planning programs in many developing countries D) helps women obtain equal pay for equal work, but allows them to file a complaint against their employer confidentially E) denies funding for all family planning services to any organization that provides or counsels their patients on their options for abortion, or lobbies their governments for safe abortions, even if using their own, non-U.S. funds

E) denies funding for all family planning services to any organization that provides or counsels their patients on their options for abortion, or lobbies their governments for safe abortions, even if using their own, non-U.S. funds

The systematic killing, torture, or removal of persons with the intention of eliminating specific racial or ethnic groups is called: A) prejudice B) discrimination C) overt discrimination D) discriminatory mortality E) ethnic cleansing/genocide

E) ethnic cleansing/genocide

Today the U.S. is viewed as having what type of mate selection process? A) formally engaged B) formal dating C) supervised dating D) open approach E) formally free

E) formally free

Androgyny refers to: A) anatomical categories that are not easily identifiable B) people who are born with both male and female genitals C) infant death rates in the first year of life D) people who feel most natural and comfortable expressing gendered traits that are associated with the other sex E) having both masculine and feminine traits in near equal proportion

E) having both masculine and feminine traits in near equal proportion

In the developing world, mortality rates have started to decline because of: A) fewer numbers of women of childbearing age B) imbalanced sex ratios C) HIV and AIDs cures D) fewer babies being born E) improved sanitation, vaccinations, and medicine

E) improved sanitation, vaccinations, and medicine

In the more extreme form of genital cutting, ________, the vaginal lips and the clitoris are cut or scraped away and the outer portion of the vagina is stitched together, leaving a miniscule opening for menstrual blood and urine to escape the body. A) clitoridectomy B) sharia C) hermaphrodite D) intersexed E) infibulation

E) infibulation

The official poverty line (threshold): A) was developed during the New Deal of the 1930s B) is based on the cost of average low-cost housing, multiplied by two C) in 2009 was about $28,000 for a family of four, and about $24,000 for a family of three D) is the same amount in all 50 states E) is based on the lowest, most minimal food budget offered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture

E) is based on the lowest, most minimal food budget offered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture

Marriage seems to have many advantages. Which is NOT one of them? A) better psychological well-being B) better physical health C) additional economic advantages D) more enjoyable sex E) less social capital

E) less social capital

According to the feature box, The Historical Relationship between Love and Marriage, for most of history: A) love was an important reason to marry until attitudes changed during the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century B) men married for love, but women did not C) the rich married for love, but the poor did not D) marriage was relatively unimportant and most people didn't really pay attention to who married whom E) love was considered a very poor reason to get married

E) love was considered a very poor reason to get married

What is the type of love that is playful, not possessive, and more about fun and games then about commitment? A) eros B) storge C) mania D) agape E) ludus

E) ludus

Generally, a minority group has several characteristics. Which is NOT one of these characteristics? A) suffers prejudice and discrimination by the dominant group B) members feel a sense of group solidarity C) possesses characteristics that are regarded as different from the dominant group D) marriages are typically among members of the same group E) membership is usually achieved rather than ascribed

E) membership is usually achieved rather than ascribed

Although illegal in the U.S., there may be more than 100,000 Americans currently practicing the marital pattern of ________, according to your text. A) monogamy B) patriarchy C) polyandry D) exogamy E) polygyny

E) polygyny

A ________ is a major sphere of social life, with a set of beliefs and rules that are organized to meet basic human needs. A) sociological imagination B) universal program C) selective program D) life-course E) social institution

E) social institution

20) A relationship in which one woman gives birth for another person or couple, who then adopts or takes legal custody of the child, is called: A) ART B) IVF C) substitute parenting D) cultural motherhood E) surrogacy

E) surrogacy

According to research about love: A) women are more interested in love than are men B) women report falling in love sooner and are more resistant to a relationship breaking up C) men are more pragmatic, rational, and practical about falling in love D) men do not know how to express love E) the "feminization of love" reminds us that although both men and women express love, somehow women's expressions have been defined as better

E) the "feminization of love" reminds us that although both men and women express love, somehow women's expressions have been defined as better

From birth to death, social class standing has a significant impact on our lives. Which is NOT an example of one of these impacts? A) gender expectations for boys, girls, men, and women within the family B) how parents interact with their children C) the likelihood of marriage and age at first marriage D) hobbies and pastimes within families E) the likelihood of attending elementary school

E) the likelihood of attending elementary school

A group of family scholars, therapists, and civil leaders have come together in hopes of influencing public policy to promote and strengthen traditional marriage, and this is called: A) the marriage initiative B) covenant marriage C) wedding support group D) selection effect initiative E) the marriage movement

E) the marriage movement

Why does the Swedish government enact the family policies that it does? A) to deter people from having children because the population is rising too quickly B) to encourage mothers to stay home to take care of their children C) to deter teenagers from having children D) to encourage people to marry rather than to cohabit E) to keep pace with Sweden's changing conceptions of gender and move toward more egalitarian relationships Diff: 3 Page Ref: 63

E) to keep pace with Sweden's changing conceptions of gender and move toward more egalitarian relationships

Which theory of social change is concerned with the exploitation of poor countries by more wealthy countries? A) modernization theory ' B) feminist theory C) family systems theory D) role theory E) world systems theory Diff: 1 Page Ref: 57

E) world systems theory

Judith Cates, profiled in the feature box, is unusual because: A) she had a baby at the age of 11 B) she delivered sextuplets C) she delivered a baby while undergoing a sex change operation to be a man D) she did not know she was pregnant until she delivered a baby E). she had twins while in her late 50s

E). she had twins while in her late 50s

Maria strongly believes that family relationship are paramount and take precedence over individuals needs or wants. This view is referred to as: A.) Machismo B.) Cult of domesticity C.) Family process D.) Family reconstitution E.) Familism

E.) Familism

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of industrialization A.) Small family farms increasingly could not support themselves and folded B.) There was considerable movement to urban areas in search of jobs C.) Working conditions were often extremely dangerous D.) Jobs were generally separated by sex E.) Industries sought men, women, and children to work in the factories ans mills; however, by 1860 child labor laws were passed prohibiting children under the age 14 from working

E.) Industries sought men, women, and children to work in the families and mills; however, by 1860 child labor laws were passed prohibiting children under the age 14 from working

Which of the following is true about slave marriages? A.) Masters considered marriages among slaves to be a threat to slavery because they decreased their control over the slaves B.) In colonial America it was easy for a slave to find a spouse C.) Slave marriages tended to be enduring and long-lasting D.) Because of the constant threat that their marriage would be broken up, slaves tended to have weak family bonds E.) slave marriages were not legally binding

E.) Slave marriages were not legally binding

Increasingly, many new jobs are part-time, sub-contracted, temporary in nature, occur at night, or offer irregular work schedules. These types of jobs are referred to as: A.) Recession-building employment B.) Separate spheres C.) Reconstitution D.) Patricians E.) nonstandardized work schedule

E.) nonstandardized work schedule