Mastering A and P Chapter 16 Section 1

Which hormone specifically targets cells that produce hormones that affect glucose metabolism? GH LH MSH ACTH

ACTH

The pituitary hormone that causes the kidney to reduce water loss is FSH. ADH. MSH. TSH. STH.

ADH

The posterior pituitary gland secretes TSH. ACTH. MSH. ADH. FSH.

ADH

Neurons of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus manufacture FSH and PRL. GHIH and GHRH. ADH and oxytocin. TSH and FSH. CRF and GnRH.

ADH and oxytocin

Extracellular membrane receptors are used by which of the following types of hormones? catecholamines peptide hormones eicosanoids all of the above none of the above

all of the above

Hormonal actions on cells include those that affect quantities of enzymes. activities of enzymes. synthesis of enzymes. gating of ion channels. all of the above

all of the above

Hormone release may be controlled by which of the following factors? blood level of an ion-like potassium blood level of glucose blood level of a hormone nervous stimuli all of the above

all of the above

Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis release FSH. TSH. LH. GH. all of the above

all of the above

________ are chemical messengers that are released in one tissue and transported in the bloodstream to alter the activities of specific cells in other tissues. Hormones Neuropeptides Neurotransmitters Humoral antibodies none of the above

hormones

The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is ACTH. LH. FSH. GH. TSH.

TSH

Growth hormone does all of the following, except causes fat accumulation within adipocytes. promotes muscle growth. promotes bone growth. spares glucose. promotes amino acid uptake by cells.

causes fat accumulation within adipocytes

Peptide hormones are produced by the adrenal glands. chemically related to cholesterol. derived from the amino acid tyrosine. lipids. composed of amino acids.

composed of amino acids

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and replication by accelerating protein synthesis is growth hormone. prolactin. MSH. insulin. ACTH.

growth hormone

All target cells respond to chemical signals. have hormone receptors and respond to chemical signals. secrete hormones and have hormone receptors. have hormone receptors. secrete hormones

have hormone receptors and respond to chemical signals

Endocrine structures release their secretions directly into body fluids. are modified connective-tissue cells. contain few vesicles. release their secretions onto an epithelial surface. are a type of nerve cell.

release their secretions directly into body fluids

When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, the second messenger appears in the cytoplasm. cell becomes inactive. hormone is transported to the nucleus where it alters the activity of DNA. cell membrane becomes depolarized. hormone receptor complex moves into the cytoplasm.

second messenger appears in the cytoplasm

The hypothalamus controls secretion by the anterior pituitary by gap synaptic junctions. indirect osmotic control. secreting releasing and inhibiting factors into a tiny portal system. altering ion concentrations and pH in the anterior pituitary. direct neural stimulation.

secreting releasing and inhibiting factors into a tiny portal system

Choose the correct statement regarding the mechanism of interaction for steroid hormones. The hormones are primarily transported across the plasma membrane. The hormones bind to receptors in the plasma membrane. The hormones diffuse across the lipid part of the plasma membrane and bind to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus. They do not alter the pattern of protein synthesis.

the hormones diffuse across the lipid part of the plasma membrane and bind to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus