Mastering A&P - Cells and Tissues

Phospholipids __________. A. all answers are correct B. form bilayers in cell membranes C. for micelles in aqueous solutions D. contain a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic head

A. all answers are correct

Increasing muscle mass and decreasing fat content in your body can increase resting metabolism. Why is this? A. because muscle cells have more mitochondria than fat cells, allowing for more energy to be made from sugar B. because doing so requires exercise and exercising burns calories C. because adipocytes contain more cytoplasmic inclusions, which slow down metabolism D. because fat cells have no blood supply and cannot carry nutrients to be metabolized

A. because muscle cells have more mitochondria than fat cells, allowing for more energy to be made from sugar

Plasma is to blood as __________ is to cytoplasm. A. cytosol B. inclusion C. serum D. organelle E. protein

A. cytosol

The function of microvilli, often seen on the apical membrane of transporting epithelia, is to __________. A. increase the cell's surface area B. increase the toughness of the cell C. increase the resistance of the cell to viruses D. increase the movement of extracellular fluid E. allow the cell to move through a fluid medium

A. increase the cell's surface area

The space within hollow organs that is surrounded by the wall of tissue is known as the __________. A. lumen B. extracellular space C. peritoneal cavity D. epidural space E. tract

A. lumen

Cell membranes are said to be __________. A. selectively permeable B. all answers are correct C. freely permeable D. impermeable E. actively permeable

A. selectively permeable

Which of the following terms is not used to define the structure that separates the contents of a human cell from its surrounding medium? A. a cell membrane B. a cell wall C. plasma membrane D. plasmalemma

B. a cell wall

The watery medium that surrounds any cell is known as __________. A. plasma B. extracellular fluid C. cytosol D. cytoplasm E. protoplasm

B. extracellular fluid

The esophagus is a tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. It does not secrete any enzymes or absorb any nutrients, but it does need to stand up to significant friction and stress. The type of epithelium most likely lining the esophagus would be __________ epithelium. A. transitional B. stratified squamous C. simple squamous D. cuboidal D. simple columnar

B. stratified squamous

What is/are the major role(s) of the phospholipid bilayer? A. the absorption of fats only B. the formation of a barrier that is selectively permeable to lipid-soluble molecules only C. to provide a framework for membrane proteins only D. to carry water-soluble molecules through a hydrophobic environment only E. the formation of a barrier that is selectively permeable to lipid-soluble molecules and to provide a framework for membrane proteins

B. the formation of a barrier that is selectively permeable to lipid-soluble molecules only

Which of the following are types of transmembrane proteins? A. receptors for hormones or neurotransmitters B. ion channels C. all answers are correct D. transporters or carrier proteins

C. all answers are correct

Molecules that can move across the cell membrane using a carrier protein include __________. A. ions B. water C. amino acids D. proteins E. all of the above

C. amino acids

Which type(s) of tissue has/have minimal extracellular matrix? A. neural only B. connective only C. epithelial, neural and muscle D. muscle only E. epithelial only

C. epithelial, neural and muscle

In cells performing transepithelial transport, you would find __________ between neighboring cells. A. connexins B. desmosomes C. tight junctions D. gap junctions

C. tight junctions

Movement of material between cells is known as the __________ pathway. A. cisendotehlial B. transcellular C. transendothelial D. paracellular E. metacellular

D. paracellular

Which of the following is not a function of membrane proteins? A. act as transport molecules for various solutes B. bind to ligands C. regulate the passage of ions D. produce energy E. anchor or stabilize the cell membrane

D. produce energy

A layer of glycoproteins and a network of fine protein filaments that functions to prevent the movement of proteins and other large molecules from the connective tissue to epithelium describes __________. A. areolar tissue B. endotheluim C. interfacial canals D. the basal lamina E. the reticular lamina

D. the basal lamina

Plasma is __________. A. found within the circulatory system. B. the fluid portion of blood. C. a subdivision of the ECF. D. sometimes donated instead of blood. E. All answers are correct.

E. all answers are correct

Which of the following molecules can diffuse directly through the lipid bilayer of cell membranes? A. glucose B. water C. ions D. macromolecules E. steroid hormones

E. steroid hormones

The term secretion refers to __________. A. synthesis of a protein for export from the cell B. the manufacture and assembly of a material C. all answers are correct D. storage of a material, until it is time for it to leave the cell E. the process by which a cell releases a substance in the extracellular space for a particular use

E. the process by which a cell releases a substance in the extracellular space for a particular use