Mastering A&P Chapter 18

Match the area of the heart with the structure from which it receives blood: Right ventricle.

right atrium

The inferior vena cava brings blood from the lower regions of the body and empties into the __________.

right atrium

During pulmonary circulation, blood leaves the __________.

right ventricle and moves to the lungs

The endocardium is composed of __________.

simple squamous epithelium

The role of the atrioventricular node (AV node) is to __________.

slow down impulses so that the atria can contract to fill the adjacent ventricles with blood

Cardiac output is __________.

the amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle in one minute

Match the following term to its correct description: Cardiac output.

the amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle in one minute

The absolute refractory period refers to the time during which __________.

the muscle cell is not in a position to respond to a stimulus of any strength

The trabeculae carneae are located in the __________.

ventricles

Match the following term with its correct description: Conduction system cells that delay the impulse for about 0.1 second.

AV Node

Which of the following is the best description of the events in the cardiac cycle?

All of the events during one heart beat

Match the following abbreviation with its definition: SV.

Amount of blood ejected by one contraction of the heart

Match the following abbreviation with its definition: ESV.

Amount of blood in the ventricle at the end of contraction

Match the following abbreviation with its definition: EDV.

Amount of blood in the ventricle at the end of relaxation

Match the following abbreviation with its definition: CO

Amount of blood pumped out by each ventricle in 1 minute

Match the area of the heart with the structure from which it receives blood: Coronary artery.

Aorta

Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: Left ventricle and aorta.

Aortic Semilunar Valve

Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: Left ventricle.

Aortic Semilunar Valve

Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: Left atrium and left ventricle.

Bicuspid (mitral) Valve

Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: Left atrium.

Bicuspid valve

The __________ are attached to the AV valve flaps.

Chordae Tendineae

Match the following term to its correct description: Systole.

Contraction

The lining of the heart chambers is called the __________.

Endocardium

Which of the following structures lies on the outside surface of the heart and is an integral part of the heart wall?

Epicardium

Which is the correct sequence of layers in the heart wall, starting with the outer layer?

Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

Match the following abbreviation with its definition: HR

Frequency at which the heart beats

Match the following structure with its description: Endocardium.

Glistening white sheet of endothelium lining on the inside of the heart

A doctor puts his stethoscope on a patient's chest over the location of the heart and hears a swishing sound. Which of the following conditions is the best diagnosis for the patient's condition?

Incompetent cardiac valve

Match the following structure with its description: Epicardium.

Inner layer of pericardium (called the visceral layer)

Which of the following is not a role of the pericardium?

It facilitates heart contraction.

Which of the following would lead to a decrease in heart rate?

Parasympathetic stimulation

Which of the following factors gives the myocardium its high resistance to fatigue?

Large mitochondria in the cytoplasm

Into which chamber of the heart do the pulmonary veins deliver blood?

Left Atrium

Match the following vessel with its correct 'destination': Pulmonary veins.

Left Atrium

Match the area of the heart with the structure from which it receives blood: Left ventricle.

Left atrium

Guided by powerful signaling molecules, the human heart develops from __________.

Mesoderm

Match the following structure with its description: Myocardium.

Middle layer of the heart, composed mainly of cardiac muscle

Match the following term with its correct description: Atrial depolarization.

P Wave

Match the following term with its correct description: Aortic semilunar valve.

Prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle

Match the following term with its correct description: Pulmonary semilunar valve.

Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle

Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: Right ventricle and pulmonary trunk.

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

Match the following term with its correct description: The right ventricle sends blood into this vessel.

Pulmonary Trunk

Match the area of the heart with the structure from which it receives blood: Left atrium.

Pulmonary Viens

Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: Right ventricle.

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Match the given term with its correct description: Ventricular depolarization.

QRS complex

Match the following term to its correct description: Diastole.

Relaxation

Identify the correct sequence of blood flow through the chambers of the heart.

Right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle

Match the following term to its correct description: Posterior interventricular artery.

Runs to the apex of the heart

Match the following term with its correct description: Faster depolarizing pacemaker cells.

SA Node

The normal pacemaker of the heart is the __________.

SA Node

Choose the correct sequence of current flow through the heart wall.

SA node, AV node, AV bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

Match the following term to its correct description: Anterior interventricular artery.

Supplies blood to the interventricular septum and anterior walls of both ventricles

Match the following term to its correct description: Right marginal artery.

Supplies blood to the lateral right side of the myocardium

Match the following term to its correct description: Circumflex artery.

Supplies blood to the left atrium and posterior walls of the left ventricle

Match the following term with its correct description: Ventricular repolarization.

T Wave

The inner lining of the fibrous pericardium is formed by the __________.

parietal layer of serous pericardium

Match the following term to its correct description: Cardiac cycle.

The events associated with blood flow through the heart during one complete heartbeat

Which of the following statements is not true about the shape, position, and location of the heart?

The heart is enclosed in a double-layered sac called the pleural membrane.

What part of the heart is considered the systemic circuit pump?

The left ventricle

Which of the following valves is most often faulty in the heart?

The mitral, or bicuspid valve

Which of the following is a difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?

Unlike skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle have gap junctions between cells (that allow them to be autorhythmic).

Match the following term to its correct description: Stroke volume.

The volume of blood pumped by one ventricle with each heartbeat

Match the following structure with its description: Serous pericardium

Thin, slippery, two-layered membrane

Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: Right atrium.

Tricuspid Valve

Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: Right atrium and right ventricle.

Tricuspid valve

Match the following vessel of the pulmonary circuit with the appropriate description: Pulmonary veins.

Two from each lung carry blood into the left atrium

The __________ nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the sinoatrial (SA) node

Vagus

Match the following term with its correct description: Mitral valve.

Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle

Match the following term with its correct description: Tricuspid valve.

Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle

Match the area of the heart with the structure from which it receives blood: Right atrium.

Vena Cavae

Match the following structure with its description: Fibrous pericardium.

loosely fitting superficial part of the sac enclosing the heart

The superior chambers of the heart are called the __________.

atria

The P wave of an electrocardiogram represents __________.

atrial depolarization

The ability of some cardiac muscle cells to initiate their own depolarization and cause depolarization of the rest of the heart is called __________.

automaticity

The second heart sound (the 'dup' of 'lub-dup') is caused by the __________.

closure of the semilunar valves

The vessels that carry oxygen to the myocardium are called __________.

coronary arteries

The cells of the myocardium behave as a single, coordinated unit called a __________.

functional syncytium

The interventricular septum forms a dividing wall between the __________.

left and right ventricles

Freshly oxygenated blood is delivered to the __________ and then it passes into the __________ to be pumped to the entire body.

left atrium; left ventricle

The chamber of the heart that takes up the most mass is the_______.

left ventricle

During systemic circulation, blood leaves the __________.

left ventricle and goes directly to the aorta

When the mitral valve closes, it prevents the backflow of blood from the __________.

left ventricle into the left atrium