Mastering microbe chapter 5 - metabolism
Which of the following is true of aerobic respiration compared to anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as a final electron acceptor, whereas anaerobic respiration uses an inorganic molecule other than oxygen as the final electron acceptor.
Which of the following statements regarding metabolism is FALSE?
Anabolic reactions are degradative
Which of the following is true of anabolic reactions?
Anabolic reactions use ATP and small substrates as building blocks to synthesize larger molecules.
Drag the labels onto the equation to identify the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration.
Inputs: glucose+6 O2 outputs: 6CO2+6 H2O + ATP
Which of the following statements about anaerobic respiration is FALSE?
It involves the reduction of an organic final electron acceptor.
Which of the following statements about photophosphorylation is FALSE?
It requires CO2
How would a noncompetitive inhibitor interfere with a reaction involving the enzyme shown in the figure?
It would bind to b
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the oxidation of proteins?
Microbes produce extracellular enzymes to reduce proteins to their fatty acid and glycerol components so that each component can enter the Krebs cycle.
Microbes are often identified using biochemical tests that detect specific enzymes of metabolic pathways. E. coli typically ferments lactose, whereas Shigella does not. If a pure culture of each bacterium was placed in a tube containing lactose as the only food source, and a chemical indicator changed color after a pH change, what would the tubes look like after the bacteria were incubated?
The tube with E. coli would indicate a pH change, and the Shigella tube would indicate no change.
Which biochemical process is NOT used during glycolysis?
beta oxidation
A strictly fermentative bacterium produces energy
by glycolysis only.
What is the fate of pyruvic acid in an organism that uses aerobic respiration?
It is converted into acetyl CoA.
Which of the following terms refers to pathways that can function both in anabolism and catabolism?
amphibolic pathways
In metabolism, energy that is not used
is given off as heat
What is meant by the statement "Enzymes are biological catalysts"?
Enzymes speed up the chemical reactions in living cells.
Assume you are working for a chemical company and are responsible for growing a yeast culture that produces ethanol. The yeasts are growing well on the maltose medium but are not producing alcohol. What is the most likely explanation?
O2 is in the medium.
Both respiration and photosynthesis require the use of an electron transport chain.
True
Carbon fixation occurs during the light-independent phase of photosynthesis.
True
Catabolic reactions are generally degradative and hydrolytic.
True
Glycolysis is utilized by cells in both respiration and fermentation.
True
In general, ATP is generated in catabolic pathways and expended in anabolic pathways.
True
The reactions involved in producing larger compounds from smaller compounds is called
anabolism.
Which of the following compounds is NOT an enzyme?
coenzyme A
Which of the following is the best definition of fermentation?
the partial oxidation of glucose with organic molecules serving as electron acceptors
Which of the following matches enzyme components with their correct definition and/or function?
Coenzymes are the organic cofactors important to enzyme activity.
Which of the following is NOT necessary for respiration?
oxygen
Why do all enzymatic reactions need activation energy?
Energy is required to disrupt a substrate's stable electron configuration.
Why are enzymes important to biological systems?
Enzymes decrease the amount of activation energy required for chemical reactions to occur.
The use of enzymes is necessary to increase the activation energy requirements of a chemical reaction.
False
In noncyclic photophosphorylation, O2 is released from
H2O.
In cellular respiration of glucose, what are the three principal stages?
glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain
Drag the labels onto the equation to identify the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis.
inputs: 6CO2+6 H2O+light outputs: glucose+6O2
Which organism is NOT correctly matched to its energy source?
photoautotroph - CO2
Cyanobacteria are a type of
photoautotroph.
The use of amino acids to make proteins
is an example of anabolism
Gallionella bacteria can get energy from the reaction Fe2+ → Fe3+. This reaction is an example of
oxidation.
Which of the following statements are TRUE? 1-Electron carriers are located at ribosomes. 2-ATP is a common intermediate between catabolic and anabolic pathways. 3-ATP is used for the long-term storage of energy and so is often found in storage granules. 4-Anaerobic organisms are capable of generating ATP via respiration. 5-ATP can be generated by the flow of protons across protein channels
2, 4, 5
Which of the following is the best definition of oxidative phosphorylation?
A proton gradient allows hydrogen ions to flow back into the cells through transmembrane protein channels, releasing energy that is used to generate ATP
Where does the energy required for anabolic reactions come from?
Catabolic reactions
Which of the following uses CO2 for carbon and H2 for energy?
chemoautotroph
Which of the following uses glucose for carbon and energy?
chemoheterotroph
