Masteringbio chapter 1 study

Between 1966 and 1995, what has been the approximate decrease in stream flow rates in Monteverde? a. 0.8 m3/sec b. 1.2 m3/sec c. 1.7 m3/sec d. There has been no observable change.

0.8 m3/sec

As stem density increases from about 35,000 stems to about 55,000 stems per hectare, what is the increase in snowshoe hare density? a. 0 hares per hectare b. 0.2 hares per hectare c. 1 hare per hectare d. 5 hares per hectare e. 1000 hares per hectare

1 hare per hectare

Which of the following statements is true of a hypothesis? a. A hypothesis can be proved. b. A hypothesis can be supported or rejected through experimentation.

A hypothesis can be supported or rejected through experimentation.

Areas with more than 100,000 stems per hectare should have hare densities approaching 4 hares per hectare. a. True b. False c. Cannot tell from graph

Cannot tell from graph

Greater abundance of tree and bush stems results in higher birth rates for snowshoe hares. a. True b. False c. Cannot tell from graph

Cannot tell from graph

Stream flow rates have apparently been decreasing worldwide since 1966. a. True b. False c. Cannot tell from graph

Cannot tell from graph

The sooty tern consumes more fish than the blue-grey noddy tern. a. True b. False c. Cannot tell from graph

Cannot tell from graph

For the sooty tern, there is a steady decrease in the percent of diet as fish length decreases from 6 cm to 0 cm. a. True b. False c. Cannot tell from graph

False

It would have been reasonable to place stream flow on the X-axis instead of year. a. True b. False c. Cannot tell from graph

False

Since the points don't form a straight line, it would have been better to draw this as a scatter plot. a. True b. False c. Cannot tell from graph

False

Which of the following experiments would best test your hypothesis? a. Ask your friends if they also like the same type of music that you like. b. Interview all of your friends and find out if the ones born in other weeks also like the same types of movies that you like. c. Find other people born in the same week and ask them what their favorite type of movie is. d. Find other people born in the same week and tell them what your favorite movie is. Ask them if they also liked that movie.

Find other people born in the same week and ask them what their favorite type of movie is.

What should you do next? a. Come up with a theory to explain why movie preference is related to birth week. b. Perform experiments to test your hypothesis c. Propose several alternative hypotheses. d. Refine your hypothesis.

Perform experiments to test your hypothesis.

What should you do next? a. Refine your hypothesis b. Come up with a theory to explain why movie preference is only sometimes related to birth week. c. Perform further interviews until you find more people who prefer horror movies. d. Assume that the 10 people you interviewed were lying about their birth week. Conduct further interviews in which you ask movie preference first and only ask about birth week when people say they like horror movies.

Refine your hypothesis.

For the graph in Step 7 showing fish body lengths and the percentage of tern diets that they comprise, which statement best summarizes the trend shown in the graph? a. The sooty tern's diet is composed mostly of smaller fish and the blue-grey noddy's diet is composed mostly of moderate to large fish. b. There is no overlap in the diets of the two species with respect to fish size. c. The blue-grey noddy's diet is composed primarily of smaller fish and the sooty tern's diet is composed mostly of moderate sized fish. d. The blue-grey noddy tern and the sooty tern have identical diets with respect to fish size.

The blue-grey noddy's diet is composed primarily of smaller fish and the sooty tern's diet is composed mostly of moderate sized fish.

For the graph of data on stem density and snowshoe hare density in Step 6, which statement best summarizes the trend shown in the graph? a. The density of hares increases as the density of stems increases. b. There appears to be no relationship between stem density and hare density. c. The density of stems decreases as hare density increases.

The density of hares increases as the density of stems increases.

Which of the following statements could not be supported or rejected by a scientific experiment? a. Grass is green because it contains chlorophyll. b. College students think football is more fun to watch than baseball. c. The first living cell on Earth came from outer space

The first living cell on Earth came from outer space

Which of the following variables did Pasteur change in his experiment to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation? a. The length of time that the flasks were allowed to sit before being sampled for organisms b. The length of time that the broth was boiled c. The broth used in each flask d. The shape of the flask

The shape of the flask

Which of the following statements is not true of scientific experiments? a. They must occur under carefully controlled conditions found in a laboratory. b. They yield useful results regardless of whether the hypothesis is supported or rejected. c. They must be well documented.

They must occur under carefully controlled conditions found in a laboratory.

In an experiment, investigators try to control all of the variables except one—the one that tests the hypothesis. Which of the following reasons is the primary rationale for controlling variables in an experiment? a. To eliminate alternative explanations for the results of an experiment b. To enable investigators to repeat the test c. To create a control group

To eliminate alternative explanations for the results of an experiment

In Pasteur's experiment to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation, why did he boil the broth in both flasks? a. To kill any existing organisms in the broth b. To provide nutrients to stimulate the growth of microorganisms c. To expose the broth to a source of organisms d. To attract dust particles to each flask

To kill any existing organisms in the broth

Even though they live in the same location, these two species probably experience minimal competition for food. a. True b. False c. Cannot tell from graph

True

Increasing density of tree and bush stems has a positive effect on snowshoe hare abundance. a. True b. False c. Cannot tell from graph

True

For what sizes of fish is there the least amount of overlap in the diets of these two tern species? a. less than 6 cm b. greater than 6 cm c. 4-6 cm d. 0-2 cm

greater than 6 cm