Masteringbio chapter 23 part 2 study

Which of the following specimens discovered in 1972 ignited the debate about multiple lineages within the genus Homo? a. 60000 b. 1470 c. 62000 d. 1972

1470

Which of the following is true? a. Current research indicates that medians are similar to islands when comparing the diversity of animals and plants. b. Current research indicates that medians are similar to islands when comparing the diversity of plants, but not of animals. c. Current research indicates that medians are not similar to islands when comparing the diversity of animals or plants. d. Current research indicates that medians are similar to islands when comparing the diversity of animals, but not of plants.

Current research indicates that medians are not similar to islands when comparing the diversity of animals or plants.

Long necks make it easier for giraffes to reach leaves high on trees, while also making them better fighters in "neck wrestling" contests. In both cases, which kind of selection appears to have made giraffes the long-necked creatures they are today? a. Stabilizing selection b. Disruptive selection c. Directional selection

Directional selection

Black-bellied seedcrackers have either small beaks (better for eating soft seeds) or large beaks (better for hard seeds). There are no seeds of intermediate hardness; therefore, which kind of selection acts on beak size in seedcrackers? a. Directional selection b. Stabilizing selection c. Disruptive selection

Disruptive selection

Which type of selection tends to increase genetic variation? a. Stabilizing selection b. Disruptive selection c. Directional selection

Disruptive selection

In a bell-shaped curve, the x-axis (horizontal direction) of the graph represents which of the following? a. The value of a particular characteristic; characteristics of an organism can include such traits as size and color. b. The number of individuals c. Time

The value of a particular characteristic; characteristics of an organism can include such traits as size and color.

What process is illustrated by this animation? a. gene flow b. stabilizing selection c. mutation d. natural selection e. nonrandom mating

gene flow

You are infected with an antibiotic-resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Where did you most likely contract it? a. grocery store b. school c. hospital d. restaurant

hospital

Generation-to-generation change in the allele frequencies in a population is _____. a. genetic drift b. natural selection c. microevolution d. macroevolution e. mutation

microevolution

Natural selection ultimately depends on favorable what? a. mutations b. food availability c. climate d. environmental conditions

mutations

What process is illustrated by this animation? a. mutation b. nonrandom mating c. natural selection d. gene flow e. migration

natural selection

You are a researcher working closely with the Leakey family, studying the newly discovered fossils to determine their place in the human lineage. Which of the following are you? a. paleohistologist b. paleoncologist c. paleoagronomist d. paleoanthropologist

paleoanthropologist

Small Aristelliger lizards have difficulty defending territories, but large lizards are more likely to be preyed upon by owls. Which kind of selection acts on the adult body size of these lizards? a. Stabilizing selection b. Disruptive selection c. Directional selection

Stabilizing selection

Women often have complications during labor while giving birth to very large babies, whereas very small babies tend to be underdeveloped. Which kind of selection is most likely at work regarding the birth weight of babies? a. Stabilizing selection b. Directional selection c. Disruptive selection

Stabilizing selection

Which of the following is the closest relative to Homo sapiens? a. a howler monkey, a New World monkey b. a lion-tailed macaque, an Old World monkey c. the lemur, a strepsirrhine primate d. the orangutan, a great ape

the orangutan, a great ape

True or false? Heterozygote advantage refers to the tendency for heterozygous individuals to have better fitness than homozygous individuals. This higher fitness results in less genetic variation in the population. a. True b. False

False

You discover that a company illegaly dumped old vats of PCBs into a nearby river. What do you expect to see? a. All of the fish will die. b. Fish with deformities. c. No change in the fish. a. All of the fish will leave the area.

Fish with deformities.

You discover the skull of a species very similar to 1470. Which of the following two species is it most like? a. Homo erectus and Home sapiens b. Homo habilis and Homo sapiens c. Homo habilis and Homo rudolfensis d. Homo rudolfensis and Homo sapiens

Homo habilis and Homo rudolfensis

Which of the following do most biologists currently think is true? a. Human evolution followed a path with a few short branches that quickly went extinct. b. Human evolution followed a straight path. c. Human evolution followed a circular path. d. Human evolution followed a path with many branches.

Human evolution followed a path with many branches.

Which of the following is true? a. Once it is established in a population, a new mutation will always increase in frequency over time. b. Once it is established in a population, a new mutation will always decrease in frequency over time. c. Once it is established in a population, a new mutation may increase or decrease in frequency depending on the environment. d. Once it is established in a population, a new mutation will always disappear rapidly.

Once it is established in a population, a new mutation may increase or decrease in frequency depending on the environment.