Matter Chapter 3

What is Homogeneous mixture?

A Mixture that is uniform in composition An example of Homogenous mixture is pop, or kook-aid.

What is Heterogeneous mixture?

A mixture that is not uniform in composition, components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture. A pizza is example of a Heterogeneous mixture.

Describe a physical change

Alters the matter into new substances. Cannot get original matter back.

What is Chromatography?

Different components are flushed through the system at different rates.

Identify the following as physical or chemical change: digesting a banana?

Digesting a banana CHEMICAL

Identify the following as physical or chemical change: dissolving sugar in tea

Dissolving sugar in iced tea PHYSICAL

Identify the following as physical or chemical property: Ductility?

Ductility PHYSICAL

What is Ductility

Ductility is the physical property of a material where it is capable of sustaining large permanent changes in shape without breaking. An example is when a piece of metal is drawn into a wire. It is characterized by the internal structure of the material flowing under shear stress. Ductility is the amount that any material yields under shear stress. Gold, copper, aluminium, and steel have high ductility. Ductility is the property of solid to be drawn into wires.

What is Element?

Element it simplest form of matter with unique properties. (Lithium, Boron)

What is Evaporation?

Evaporation is The type of vaporization of liquid that leaves a solid behind.

Examples of Physical change:

Examples of physical changes include crushing a can, melting an ice cube, and breaking a bottle.

What is Fractional Distillation?

Fractional distillation will seperate two subsances that are mixed together is they have different boiling points. Takes advantage of close boiling points and melting points.

Identify the following as physical or chemical change: Freezing Water

Freezing water PHYSICAL

What are the 5 indicators to chemical change.

Gas production, Emission of light, Energy change, Color change, Solid formed

What is Matter?

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. (pure substance, mixture)

Identify the following as physical or chemical change: melting Butter

Melting butter PHYSICAL

What is Mixture?

Mixture is two or more matter physically blended together. (Heterogeneous, homogeneous)

Describe the difference between a physical property of matter and a chemical property.

Physical properties are properties that do not change the nature of matter. Chemical properties are properties that do change the nature of matter. Physical changes are REVERSIBLE. Chemical changes are IRREVERSIBLE. So a rusting nail and making toast would be chemical changes because they are IRREVERSIBLE.

Describe physical property of matter.

Physical property deals with the five sense and matter's characteristics. e.g. water and ice look different but can be reversible

What is Decanting?

Pouring a solution from one container in order to leave the sediments in the bottom of the other container.

What is Pure Substance?

Pure substance is matter of definite and consistent composition. (element, compound)

What is Filtration?

Separates a solid from a liquid (by size) in a heterogeneous mixture.

Identify the following as physical or chemical change: Slicing Cheese

Slicing cheese PHYSICAL

Describe particle movements in the three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.

Solids are tightly packed together, barely move, definite volume and shape, not compressible. Liquids are packed together but can slide past one another, definite volume, indefinite shape, not compressible. Gases are constantly in motion, no definite shape or volume, easily compressed.

Identify the following as physical or chemical property: Solubility?

Solubility PHYSICAL

Identify the following as physical or chemical change: Toasting bread?

Toasting bread CHEMICAL

What is Centrifuging?

Uses centrifugal force to separate particles of varying density.

What is extensive property and give an example?

a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample (e.g. mass length, height, weight)

What is intensive property & give an example?

indepependent of the amount of matter observed, a property that depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter (e.g. color, density, melting point )

what is Conservation of matter (mass)

matter is neither created or destroyed just rearranged mass of reactants= mass of products ***** balancing equations is essential -change coefficent

What is Distillation?

the process that separates a mixture of liquid substances based on differences in their boiling points. Takes advantage of boiling points and melting points.

Describe a chemical change

when a substance reacts and froms one or more new substances (change in color, production of gas, and formation of precipitate)

Identify the following as physical or chemical property: Color?

Color PHYSICAL

Identify the following as physical or chemical property: Combustibility?

Combustibility CHEMICAL

What is Compound?

Compound - Chemical bond between two or more elements (NaCl, HCl)

Identify the following as physical or chemical change: Cooking Hamburger

Cooking a hamburger CHEMICAL

Identify the following as physical or chemical change: Cooking meat?

Cooking meat CHEMICAL

What is the difference between an extensive property and an intensive property?

An extensive property is a property that changes when the size of the sample changes. Examples are mass, volume, length. If you have salt, and add more to it then the mass would change. An intensive property doesn't change regardless of the mass of the sample. Think of intensive properties as INdependent, they don't depend on the mass of the sample. Examples are temperature, color, hardness, melting point, boiling point, pressure, molecular weight, and density. If you have one gram of salt, and on the other hand, you have 5 tons of salt, the color does not change. Because intensive properties are sometimes characteristic of a particular material, they can be helpful as clues in identifying unknown substances.

Identify the following as physical or chemical property: Boiling point?

Boiling point PHYSICAL

Describe chemical property of mater.

Chemical property is how the matter reacts. e.g. rusty nails can't me undo. Once it is rusty it will stay rusty