MCB 245 Final
Identify true statements. (Check all that apply) -A nerve is a bundle of neurons that includes cell bodies and axons. -A nerve is a bundle of axons -A ganglion is a bundle of axons. -A ganglion is a bundle of neuron cell bodies.
-A nerve is a bundle of axons -A ganglion is a bundle of neuron cell bodies.
Which of the following muscles are NOT involved in elbow flexion? -Adductor pollicis -Anconeus -Brachialis -Brachioradialis
-Adductor pollicis
A typical upper body stretching routine for a tennis player includes rotation of shoulders. Which of the following muscles (if any) will be stretched? -Deltoid -Latissimus dorsi -Teres minor -All of the above
-All of the above
Ligaments are very strong but resistant to stretch. Which protein fiber probably predominates? -Reticular -Adipose -Collagen -Elastic
-Collagen
What suture is the articulation between the frontal and parietal bones? -Squamous -Sagittal -Lambdoid -Coronal
-Coronal
Which of the following muscles originate on the scapula (Check all that apply)? -Deltoid -Teres major -Teres minor -Rhomboid Major -Rhomboid Minor
-Deltoid -Teres major -Teres minor
Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving information? -Dendrites -Axon -Nucleus -Plasma Membrane -Synapse
-Dendrites
The visible part of the ear has the ability to stretch significantly, and then recoil back to its original position. Which protein fiber must be present? -Elastic -Collagen -Reticular -Stroma
-Elastic
What is the action of the gluteus maximus muscle? -Extension of thigh -Abduction of thigh -Elevation of thigh -Flexion of thigh -Supination of thigh
-Extension of thigh
Which of the following muscles cause plantar flexion (check all that apply)? -Fibularis longus -Gastrocnemius -Soleus -Popliteus -Tibialis posterior
-Fibularis longus -Gastrocnemius -Soleus -Tibialis posterior
Which if these is NOT a function of the nervous system? -Fighting a viral infection -Decision making -Perceiving external stimuli such as temperature, odor etc. -Maintaining hormonal balance in the body. -Maintaining stable heart rate
-Fighting a viral infection
Which of the following foramen is found on the sphenoid? -Foramen magnum -Foramen lacerum -Foramen spinosum -Jugular foramen
-Foramen spinosum
A 65 years old male is brought to the ER after a car accident. This patient is diagnosed with a hip dislocation due to the rupture of the ligament of the head of the femur. What is the name of the structure attaching this ligament to the acetabulum? -Fovea Capitis -Intertrochanteric line -Lesser trochanter -Greater trochanter -Neck of the femur
-Fovea Capitis
A patient is brought to the ER after suffering a car accident. Several X-ray images are obtained and there is one showing a fracture line across the narrowest portion of the proximal epiphysis of the Humerus. What would be this patient's correct diagnosis? -Fracture of the Humerus' surgical neck -Fracture of the Humerus' lateral condyle -Fracture of the Humerus' medial condyle -Fracture of the Humerus' anatomical neck -Fracture of the olecranon
-Fracture of the Humerus' surgical neck
What is the distinction between gray matter and white matter? -Gray matter is present in the left hemisphere whereas white matter is in the right hemisphere -Gray matter has no myelin blanket whereas white matter does -Gray matter has more neurons than the white matter -Gray matter is responsible for intelligence whereas white matter is responsible for the creativity -Gray matter is subdivided into columns whereas white matter is subdivided into horns in the spinal cord
-Gray matter has no myelin blanket whereas white matter does
Which of the following are markings of the temporal bone? Select all that apply. -Internal acoustic meatus -Zygomatic process -Temporal process -Carotid canal
-Internal acoustic meatus -Zygomatic process -Carotid canal
The Semimembranous muscles originates from ______ and inserts on the ________. -Ischial tuberosity; medial condyle of the tibia -Linea aspera of the femur; medial condyle of the tibia -Ischial tuberosity; head of the fibula -Ischial tuberosity; lateral condyle of the tibia -Head of the fibula; linea apera
-Ischial tuberosity; medial condyle of the tibia
Which of the following is not a marking of the ilium (check all that apply)? -Greater sciatic notch -Anterior gluteal line -Auricular surface -Lesser sciatic notch -Obturator foramen
-Lesser sciatic notch -Obturator foramen
Indicate all of the cells that would be found in connective tissue. -Muscle fiber -Leukocyte -Red blood cell -Neuron -Chondrocyte
-Leukocyte -Red blood cell -Chondrocyte
Which of the following regions will have the largest vertebral body? -Lumbar -Thoracic -Cervical
-Lumbar
Which bone bears the infraorbital foramen? -Zygomatic -Temporal -Mandible -Maxilla -Frontal
-Maxilla
Check all of the following that are facial bones. -Maxilla -Nasal -Occipital -Zygomatic -Lacrimal -Sphenoid -Vomer
-Maxilla -Nasal -Zygomatic -Lacrimal -Vomer
The inferior angle of the Scapula is located between which two borders? (check both) -Superior -Medial -Lateral -Inferior
-Medial -Lateral
During an especially intense game of table tennis, your partner accidentally backhands you in the face with the paddle and you break your nose. What bone did you most likely break? -Nasal -Mental protuberance -Inferior nasal conchae -Vomer
-Nasal
Which of the following bones does not contain paranasal sinuses? -Frontal -Maxillae -Nasal -Sphenoid -Ethmoid
-Nasal
Which of the following statements is correct? -When using a compound microscope, always begin with the mechanical stage in the highest possible position. -To move stage in small increments, you should rotate the coarse adjustment knob -Nosepiece holds objective lenses and you can rotate it to view slides under different levels of magnification. -None of the above.
-Nosepiece holds objective lenses and you can rotate it to view slides under different levels of magnification.
Kissing is a complex behavior which requires muscular coordination of 34 facial muscles. Which of the following muscle is implicated to be the most important in this complex behavior? -Orbicularis oris -Sternocleidomastoid -Levator palpebrae superioris -Platysma
-Orbicularis oris
What is the function of the cribriform plate? -Articulates with the atlas for rotational head movement -Permits air to enter the cranial cavity to cool the brain -Permits passage of the olfactory nerves -Forms part of the nasal septum -Provides large surface area for muscle attachment
-Permits passage of the olfactory nerves
The inner ear is protected by which part of temporal bone? -Pterygoid -Petrous -Proximal -Soft -Alveolar
-Petrous
Indicate the functions of connective tissue. -Physical support -Physical protection -Storage of adipocytes and calcium -Transport via the blood -Absorption of nutrients
-Physical support -Physical protection -Storage of adipocytes and calcium -Transport via the blood
Check all of the items that are possible functions of epithelial tissue. -Protection -Transport -Absorption -Sensation -Structure building
-Protection -Absorption -Sensation
Check all items that are a function of cerebrospinal fluid. -Production of cranial glial cells -Provides bouyancy to the brain -Protects the brain from sudden movements -Controls the chemical environment surrounding the brain
-Provides bouyancy to the brain -Protects the brain from sudden movements -Controls the chemical environment surrounding the brain
Which of the markings allows for the passage of nerves? Check all that apply. -Sacral canal -Intervertebral foramen -Costal groove -Transverse foramen
-Sacral canal -Intervertebral foramen -Transverse foramen
Which of the following bones is NOT a part of the appendicular skeletal system? -Femur -Sacrum -Scapula -Tarsals -Os Coxae
-Sacrum
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the different types of epithelial tissue? -Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is classified as a simple epithelium because all cells contact the apical surface but some cells do not reach the basement membrane. -Transitional epithelium allows for reversible expansion of the gall bladder. -Stratified cuboidal epithelium is found in the lining of the esophagus and is associated with functions such as secretion and protection. -Simple columnar epithelial cells typically have microvilli on their apical surface. -None of the above
-Simple columnar epithelial cells typically have microvilli on their apical surface.
Check all of the statements regarding epithelial structure and function that are true. -Simple squamous epithelium allows for rapid diffusion. -The keratin present on simple cuboidal epithelium protects from water loss. -The microvilli on simple columnar epithelium helps to maximize absorption. -The keratin on the esophageal stratified squamous epithelium helps to moisten the lumenal surface for swallowing. -Transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder can change shape to accommodate bladder wall stretching.
-Simple squamous epithelium allows for rapid diffusion. -The microvilli on simple columnar epithelium helps to maximize absorption. -Transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder can change shape to accommodate bladder wall stretching.
Description: Which of the following statements is false? -The cranial bones articulate with the neck -Sutures are joined together by dense fibrous connective tissue. -Foramina of the ethmoid contains olfactory nerves. -The frontal bone is anterior to the parietal bones. -Sinuses decrease resonance during sound production.
-Sinuses decrease resonance during sound production.
The femoral nerve innervates which of the following regions of the lower limb? (check all that apply) -Skin of the anteromedial thigh -Medial surface of the lower leg -Medial surface of the foot -Quadricep muscles -Abdominal muscles
-Skin of the anteromedial thigh -Medial surface of the lower leg -Medial surface of the foot -Quadricep muscles
Which of the following muscles has it's origin at the fibula and insertion at the calcaneus? -Semimembranosus -Soleus -Gastrocnemius -Biceps femoris
-Soleus
Which two muscles share the Achilles tendon, also known as Calcaneal tendon? -Soleus and Tibialis anterior -Soleus and Gastrocnemius -Gastrocnemius and Tibialis anterior -Gastrocnemius and Tibialis anterior -Tibialis posterior and Gastrocnemius
-Soleus and Gastrocnemius
Which of the following marks of the Radius is the most distal: -Radial neck -Ulnar notch -Radial Tuberosity -Styloid process -Radial head
-Styloid process
Which of the following muscles has its origin in the first rib and inserts in the inferior surface of the clavicle? -Pectoralis minor -External intercostal -Pectoralis major -Subclavius -Internal intercostal
-Subclavius
Mandibular fossa is located on which bone? -Temporal -Vomer -Mandible -Frontal -Maxilla
-Temporal
Which of the following muscles might be injured if you are having difficulty closing your mouth (specifically, elevating your mandible)? -Zygomaticus Major -Temporalis -Elevator Anguli Oris -Zygomaticus Minor
-Temporalis
The muscle Hyoglossus has two ends: one in the hyoid bone and one in the side of the tongue. When the depression of the tongue is performed the tongue is pulled inferiorly towards the hyoid bone where the muscle remains fixed. Based upon this information, which of the following statements is TRUE? -The Hyoglossus origin is at the side of the tongue -The Hyoglossus insertion is at the Hyoid bone -The Hyoglossus origin is at the Hyoid bone -The Hyoglossus insertion is at the mandible
-The Hyoglossus origin is at the Hyoid bone
A patient is brought to the emergency after suffering a car accident. He is diagnosed with a splenic hemorrhagic trauma due to the perforating fracture of one of the ribs that is protecting the spleen. If you know that the ribs covering the spleen are #9, #10 and #11, which of the following is true: -The fractured rib is not connected to any muscle. -The fractured rib is a false rib. -The fractured rib is a floating rib. -The fractured rib is a true rib.
-The fractured rib is a false rib.
A 17 years old female dancer is brought to the emergency room after falling into the splits. She is referring deep gluteal pain and when asked to sit she experiences a sharp pain that forces her to stand up. She is unable to sit. If an x-ray is performed which of the following structures is more likely to be injured/fractured? -The ischial tuberosity -The iliac fossa -The iliac crest -The ischial spine
-The ischial tuberosity
The costal facets are present in what group of vertebrae? -Lumbar -Sacral -Cervical -Coccygeal -Thoracic
-Thoracic
The gastrocnemius is innervated by which of the following nerves? -Femoral -Deep fibular -Sciatic -Tibial -Fibular
-Tibial
When a surgeon is performing an abdominal section to extract a segment of the small intestine, several layers of soft tissue need to be cut. Which of the following would be the deepest structure a surgeon would go through? -External oblique -Internal oblique -Rectus abdominis -Transversus abdominis
-Transversus abdominis
Check all of the following that are a function of the paranasal sinuses. -Warm and humidify inhaled air -Make some skull bones lighter -Provide resonance to the voice -Provide nerve sensation to the face
-Warm and humidify inhaled air -Make some skull bones lighter -Provide resonance to the voice
The temporal bone articulates with which of the following bones (check all that apply)? -Zygomtic Bone -Mandible -Ethmoid -Sphenoid -Parietal
-Zygomtic Bone -Mandible -Sphenoid -Parietal
The omohyoid, sternohyoid, and thyrohyoid muscles all function to -depress the hyoid bone. -elevate the floor of the mouth. -elevate the hyoid bone. -depress the mandible.
-depress the hyoid bone.
Damage to the ____________ nerve may result in difficulty extending the knee as in kicking a ball. -obturator -femoral -sciatic -popliteal
-femoral
The primary motor cortex for control of voluntary muscles is found in the -precentral gyrus of the parietal lobe. -precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe. -singulate gyrus of the temporal lobe. -postcentral gyrus of the temporal lobe.
-precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe.
The type of epithelium that would best allow rapid diffusion, osmosis, or filtration is ____________ epithelium. -simple squamous -stratified squamous -pseudostratified columnar -transitional
-simple squamous
The type of epithelial tissue that is only one cell layer thick is called __________; the type of epithelial tissue that is two or more cell layers thick is called _________. -simple; stratified -squamous, transitional -pseudostratified, cuboidal -stratified; columnar
-simple; stratified
Where the shaft begins curving toward the sternum
Angle of rib
Chemical trigger for alkaloids/base compounds?
Bitter
Seven vertebrae in the neck
Cervical vertebrae
Four vertebrae comprising the "tailbone"
Coccyx
Marks the path of nerves and vessels
Costal groove
T/F? Epithelial tissue comprises the inner surfaces of the blood vessels.
False
T/F? Epithelial tissue contains a large amount of extracellular matrix.
False
T/F? Epithelial tissue is highly vascular.
False
T/F? Epithelial tissue is well-suited for resisting frictional forces.
False
Which lobe of the cerebrum controls voluntary motor functions, verbal communication, and personality?
Frontal lobe
Articulates with vertebral bodies
Head of rib
Five vertebrae in the low back
Lumbar vertebrae
Which lobe of the cerebrum processes visual input and helps store visual memories?
Occipital lobe
What is the function of the semicircular ducts?
Organ of equilibrium
What is the function of the cochlea?
Organ of hearing
Which lobe of the cerebrum controls general sensory functions, such as touch and taste?
Parietal lobe
Five fused vertebrae
Sacrum
Chemical trigger for Na+?
Salty
Chemical trigger for acidic compounds?
Sour
If you palpate the bony projection on the lateral side of your wrist, just proximal to the thumb, what part of the radius are you feeling?
Styloid process
Chemical trigger for sugars, some other carbohydrates, and some proteins?
Sweet
Which lobe of the cerebrum is involved in hearing and smell?
Temporal lobe
Twelve vertebrae that articulate with ribs
Thoracic vertebrae
T/F? Epithelial tissue is located in the kidney tubules.
True
Articulates with transverse costal facet
Tubercle
Chemical trigger for amino acid glutamate and related compounds?
Umami
bone and cartilage
What does supporting connective tissue consist of?
What does fluid connective tissue consist of?
blood
Fibers that are flexible but resist stretching
collagen fibers
Where is dense irregular connective tissue found?
dermis and periosteum
Fibers that can recoil to their original shape
elastic fibers
Dense regular connective tissue called an interosseous membrane connects the tibia and ________.
fibula
The largest of the three coxal bones is the ___________.
ilium
Each vertebral arch is composed of two pedicles and two _____________.
laminae
What does connective tissue proper consist of?
loose and dense connective tissue
Fibers that branch to form a supporting network
reticular fibers
Where is reticular connective tissue found?
stroma of spleen and liver
Where is adipose connective tissue found?
subcutaneous layer
The muscle that primarily functions to pull the eye superiorly and secondarily functions to move the eye medially is the __________ __________ muscle.
superior rectus
Which of the following muscle rotates the radius without flexing or extending the elbow? -supraspinatus -supinator -anconeus -coracobrachialis -subcapularis
supinator
The broad, fan-shaped muscle of mastication that you can feel alongside your temple as you open and close your jaw is the __________.
temporalis
Where is dense regular connective tissue found?
tendons and ligaments
Where is elastic connective tissue found?
walls of large arteries
