Measurement of blood pressure

What two things affect Peripheral Resistance

1.Diameter of blood vessels 2. viscosity of the blood

What's a good rule of thumb for blood pressure

100+Age. But only until 50 does this rule work. After that your arteries loose their elasticity and your blood pressure increases.

How many different types of blood pressures are there?

4

Phase 1

Appearance of a sharp thudding sound which increases in intensity during the next 10mm Hg drop in pressure. The pressure when the sound first appears is the systolic pressure.

What are the 4 Korotkow sounds

As the pressure is decreased in your brachial artery you will be able to hear 4 phases of sound changes with your stethoscope

What 2 factors affect blood pressure

Cardiac Output and Total Peripheral Resistance ( C.O + TPR)

Whats is Mean Blood Pressure

Diastolic Pressure + 1/3 of the pulse pressure. This average effective pressure forcing blood though the circulatory system. Normal value is 96-100mm Hg

What are the 2 ways of measuring B.P

Direct and Indirect

What is meant by the term "Blood Pressure"

It's the pressure exerted by the blood against the vessel walls. Atrial pressure being the most frequently measured pressure and the most useful.

What is Mean Blood Pressure equal to?

Mean B.P in mm Hg = (C.O mL/min) * (TPR units) -cardiac output (mL/min) = heart rate (beats/min) * (stroke volume mL/beat)

Name the different types of blood pressure

Systolic, Diastolic, Pulse, and Mean.

What is the total peripheral resistance equation

TPR = mean atrial pressure/ cardiac output where cardiac output is equal to (stroke volume) *(heart rate)

What is Pulse Pressure

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures. Normal value is 40mm Hg

What does systolic blood pressure indicate ?

The force of contraction of the heart

What is Systolic Blood Pressure

The highest pressure in the artery- produced during the heart's contraction (systolic) phase. Normal for a 20year male is 120mm Hg

What is Diastolic Blood Pressure

The lowest pressure in the artery- produced during the hearts relaxation (diastolic) phase. Normal for a 20year male is 80mm Hg

Phase 2

The sound becomes a softer murmur during the next 10-15 mm Hg drop in pressure

Phase 4

The sound suddenly becomes muffled and reduced in intensity. The pressure is now known as Diastolic Pressure. This sound continues for another 5mmHg drop after which all sound disappears. The point where the sound disappears completely is called end diastolic pressure.

Phase 3

The sounds become louder again and have a shaper thudding quality during the next 10-15 mmHg pressure drop.

What happens to your blood pressure in response to a cold stimulus

Your B.P increases. Normally by 10mmHg but if you're hypertensive it may be 30 to 40 mmHg.

What is the palpatory method of measuring B.P

pressure is applied to the artery using a sphygmomanometer to the brachial artery. Then we palpate (feel) the radial pulse in the wrist. The pressure measured here is only systolic pressure. You can not measure diastolic pressure with this method. We use your brachial artery because it's at the same hight as your Aorta so we can correlate B.P with heart activity.

What does diastolic blood pressure indicate

reflects the condition of the systematic blood vessels

What is the Auscultatory Method

same as Palpatory but with the use of a stethoscope with listen to your B.P

How do you measure B.P indirectly

you apply external pressure to the artery and listen to atrial sounds with the use of a stethoscope. AKA auscultatory method

How do you measure B.P directly

you insert a cannula into the artery and use a mercury manometer to measure the head on pressure of the blood

What happens to your B.P after exercise

your B.P rises