Med math exam: fa24 pt1
The nurse chooses the needle gauge based on
- Medication viscosity - Ease of withdrawing and administering the medication - Recommended needle gauge for the injection site - Recommended needle gauge for the route
The nurse reconstituted Vibramycin for Oral Suspension. To properly label the reconstituted drug, the nurse is correct to label the drug with the following on the drug label
- Time the medication was reconstituted - Initials of the nurse - Date the medication was reconstituted
The nurse chooses needle length based on
- route of admin - injection site - size of pt
How are syringes selected
- total volume to be administrated - calibration lines
15 mL= _____ tbsp
1
The nurse at an allergy clinic is preparing an intradermal (ID) injection for an adult patient. The dose is contained in 0.3 mL. Which syringe and needle is the correct choice for this injection?
1 mL 26G 1/2"
1 mg=______mcg
1,000 mcg
how to convert a mixed number into an improper fraction
1. Multiply the denominator of the fraction by the whole number. 2. Add the answer to the numerator of the fraction. 3. The result is the new numerator of the improper fraction. The denominator stays the same.
Dosage calc rules
1. show all your work 2. no trailing zeros (0.7 not 0.70) 3. leading zeros must be placed before any decimal places 4. do not round until the final answer (5+ round , 4- don't)
EXAMPLE: 1500. mcg= __________ mg
1.5 mg
A nurse practitioner prescribes Paxil HCl 15 mg PO twice a day. The pharmacy supplies Paxil 10 mg scored tablets. How many tablets should the nurse instruct the patient to take at each dose?
1.5 tabs
The prescriber orders Dilantin oral suspension 250 mg PO twice a day. The pharmacy sends a bottle of Dilantin oral suspension with a dosage strength of 125 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters should the nurse administer?
10
The nurse is preparing to administer 9 mL of an oral medication. What is the most appropriate measuring device to accurately measure this dose?
10 mL oral syringe
1 L= _________ mL
1000 mL
1 g=_______ mg
1000 mg
How many mL in a table spoon
15
1 Tbsp= _________ ml
15 mL
The nurse has the following order: Dilantin 0.375 g oral suspension twice a day. In the patient's drawer is a bottle labeled: Dilantin Oral Suspension 125 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters of medication should the nurse administer?
15 mL
1 lb= _____ oz
16 oz
The nurse must administer 0.35 mL of medication. Which syringe would the nurse choose to accurately measure this dose?
1mL syringe
1 kg= _____ lbs
2.2 lbs
The healthcare provider orders: amoxicillin oral suspension 125 mg every AM. The pharmacy sends a bottle labeled: Amoxicillin Oral Suspension 250 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters of medication will the nurse administer?
2.5 mL
The healthcare provider writes the following order for a child: Diflucan suspension 100 mg PO now. The pharmacy sends a bottle labeled: Diflucan oral suspension 40 mg/mL. The nurse is correct to measure:
2.5 mL of Diflucan in the dosing spoon.
Which syringes have oz measurments
20,30,50
The patient is instructed to drink one 8 ounce (oz) glass of water with medication. How many milliliters (mL) will the patient drink?
240 mL
The nurse is to draw up medication for a subcutaneous injection. Which of the following is the most appropriate needle size to choose?
25G 5/8"
The nurse is to draw up 2.4 mL of medication for an intramuscular (IM) injection. The patient weighs 245 pounds. Which of the following is the best syringe and needle size to choose?
3 mL 23G 2"
1 Tbsp= ______________ tsp
3 tsp
A tablespoon is approximately equivalent to which household measurement?
3 tsp
an ounce is equivalent to how many mL
30
1 oz= ________ mL
30 mL
You have 3 table spoons of medication how many mL is this
45
1 mL= ____________ gtts (drops)
5 gtts
1 dram= _______ mL
5 mL
1 tsp= ________ mL
5 mL
Elixir
A sweetened, aromatic, hydroalcoholic liquid used in the compounding of oral medicines
When measuring a liquid medication in a medicine cup, the fluid level is read:
At the horizontal center of the medicine cup.
Intravenous push
Brief injection through the vein
Which of the following abbreviations are associated with time-released medications
CR, SA, SR
The nurse has an order to administer fluconazole for oral Suspension 30 mg PO every 12 hr to a 2-year-old child. After calculating the ordered dose, the nurse will administer 3 mL of the drug. Which of the following delivery devices should the nurse choose?
Calibrated dropper
The prescriber orders Glucotrol XL 3.75 mg PO every AM. The pharmacy supplies the following medication. The nurse calculates that the patient should receive 1.5 tablets. What is the appropriate action by the nurse?
Call the pharmacy.
Formula for volume related dosage orders
D= desired/H=dosage available * V=volume of medication available = A=amount required for administration
How to reduce a fraction
Dividing the numerator and denominator by the largest number that divides evenly into both.
el, elix stands for
Elixir
What are 3mL syringes most commonly used for
IV injections
IM
Intramuscular
KVO
Keep vein open
When using a prefilled syringe, the nurse:
May need to discard any extra medication from the syringe before administering the ordered dose.
Calibrator lines on needles
On the barrel of the syringe are calibration lines; these markings accurately measure medication doses.
10 rights of medication
Right medication Right dose Right time Right route Right client Right client education Right documentation Right to refuse Right assessment Right evaluation
SL
Sub lingual
Which type of drug should be placed under the tongue?
Sublingual
Which of the following medication forms is a liquid that contains small particles of the drug that cannot be dissolved?
Suspension
Which medication forms contains the drug in a viscous liquid preparation consisting largely of purified water and sucrose or a sugar substitute for a more pleasant taste?
Syrup
T, tbs, tbsp stands for
Tablespoon; 1 Tbsp = 15 mls
Barrel of needle
The barrel is the body of the syringe. It holds the medication.
Bevel pt of needle
The bevel is the sharp slanted end of the needle shaft that enables it to easily penetrate the skin and body tissues.
Needle hub
The hub of the needle attaches to the tip of the syringe.
Needle shaft
The needle shaft includes the bevel, a hollow cylinder of the needle, and the hub.
P
The plunger is a rubber-tipped cylinder that fills and empties the syringe.
Tip of needle
The tip of the syringe connects to the needle hub.
Intravenous piggyback
a small volume parenteral that will be added into or "piggybacked" into a large volume Parenteral
gastrostomy tube
a surgically placed feeding tube from the exterior of the body into the stomach
intermittent feeding equation
add the intake per hour + the amount of times it went through ex: feeding at 0600 and 1200 = 250 +250= 500 total
PC stands for
after meals
PC
after meds
proportion
an equation of two ratios
Retracting needles
are activated by a color-coded activation tab. When pressed laterally, the needle retracts into the safety chamber. The tip is covered, reducing the exposure to medication or blood and body fluids. After injecting the medication, the nurse may activate the retraction while the needle is still in the patient or withdraw the needle first.
Needles with shielding devices
are engaged with a single-handed technique to cover the needle with the safety device. Hands and fingers remain behind the exposed needle at all times. Once clicked in place, the needle is securely locked inside the safety device.
AD LIB stands for
as desired
PRN stands for
as needed
HS stands for
at bedtime
HS
bed time
AC
before meals
AC stands for
before meals
PO stands for
by mouth
centi=
c=0.01
Cap, Caps stand for
capsule
Ratio
comparison of two numbers that have a relationship to each other
CR stands for
controlled release
dr stands for
dram: 1/8 of an ounce.
GTT stands for
drop
EC stands for
enteric coated
Q2H stands for
every 2 hours
Q4H stands for
every 4 hours
Q6H stands for
every 6 hours
QH stands for
every hour
QID stands for
four times a day
gal stands for
gallon: 128 oz
GT stands for
gastrostomy tube
g (gm,Gm)
gram (1,000 mg)
Retracting syringes
have a needle that is automatically retracted into the barrel of the syringe. The nurse fully depresses the plunger handle of the syringe to deliver the complete amount of medication and activate the retraction.
STAT stands for
immediately
ID stands for
intradermal
IM stands for
intramuscular
IV stands for
intravenous
IVPB stands for
intravenous piggyback
IVP stands for
intravenous push
kilo=
k=1,000
kg (Kg)
kilogram (unit of weight in the metric system)
L
liter: One liter is equal to one cubic decimeter
milli=
m=0.001
What measurement is intake recorded in
mL
micro=
mc=0.000001
mcg
microgram (one millionth of a gram)
mEq
milliequivalents (used to measure certain chemicals like potassium)
mg
milligram (1/1000 of a gram)
mL
milliliter: one thousandth of a liter
min, m, mx stands for
minim
when moving a small unit to a large unit; which way does the decimal go
move the decimal to the left
when moving a large unit to small unit; which way does the decimal go
move the decimal to the right
Continuous feeding equation
multiply intake per hour * the amount of hours ex: 50x8
NG stands for
nasogastric tube
NKDA
no known drug allergies
Measuring intake
nurse measures the amount of liquid the patient consumes during the shift, including any food that is liquid or that turns into liquid at room temperature, such as ice cream, gelatin, and ice chips.
suspension drug release
often used as a dosage form when the drug is insoluble in water and when use of solubilizing agents is not possible
Tall man lettering
one strategy to reduce the risk for medication errors.
Enteral route includes
oral, sublingual, buccal, feeding tube and rectal
oz stands for
ounce
PR stands for
per rectum
pt stands for
pint (16 fl oz)
qt stands for
quart
Controlled drug release
release of a drug or other active agent in a predesigned manner
sustained drug release
slow drug release
SubQ stands for
subcutaneous
sup, supp stands for
suppository- this is a solid, cylindrically shaped drug that can be inserted into a body opening
Susp stands for
suspension
SR stands for
sustained release
Tab, Tabs stand for
tablet
tsp stands for
teaspoon (5ml)
TID stands for
three times a day
What is 1ml syringe also called?
tuberculin syringe
BID
twice a day
BID stands for
twice a day
Polypharmacy
use of multiple medications, including prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and herbal preparations, is common with geriatric patients.Many older adults take several prescription and nonprescription drugs daily.
minim
used primarily in medicine to measure liquid quantities.
