Med Surg Ch. 48, 49, 62, 63, 64, 24

The nurse provides discharge education for a patient who had recently underwent closed reduction therapy for realigning a dislocated hip joint and includes which instructions? Select all that apply.

"Restrict strenuous activities." "Return to normal activities gradually." "Perform gentle range-of-motion exercises."

Which statement by the student nurse indicates understanding of the likely cause of symptoms for a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who is one-month postpartum who presents to the emergency room with fever, malaise, and severe pain for two days?

"SLE flares are common in the postpartum period."

Which patient statement indicates the need for further teaching about measures to prevent back pain for factory workers?

"Standing straight and still during my shift will improve my posture and reduce back pain."

Which instructions does the nurse include when teaching a patient about endurance exercise? Select all that apply.

"Start at a low level of effort." "Start with warming up the muscles." "Gradually progress to a moderate level."

Which instruction would the nurse give a patient who is prescribed metformin and complains of an "upset stomach" after ingestion of the medication?

"Take metformin with food to decrease gastrointestinal (GI) side effects."

Which instructions would the nurse give a patient with adrenal insufficiency, who is prescribed to take corticosteroids for four months, about how to prevent osteoporosis? Select all that apply.

"Take vitamin D tablets." "Avoid high-impact exercise."

After teaching the patient who was admitted with diabetes about the principles of foot care, which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

"Taking a hot bath every day will help with my circulation."

A patient with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why the abdomen is the chosen site to inject insulin. Which response by the nurse demonstrates an understanding of the choice of injection site?

"The abdomen is the preferred site for injection because the insulin will be absorbed faster there than at other sites."

The nurse questions which item that is listed on the plan of care for the initial management of a patient with an injured ankle ligament?

Apply warm, moist heat to the ankle

Which interventions help to reduce the incidence of pain for a patient with low back pain? Select all that apply.

Applying heat or ice to the area of most pain Administering prescribed nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Placing a pillow between the patient's legs and turning the body as a unit

Which is the most useful initial nursing action for a patient who sustains a knee sprain?

Applying ice compresses to the injured area

Which risk factor is associated with macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus?

Obesity

Which are characteristics specific to rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? Select all that apply.

Common effusions Young to middle-age onset Stiffness lasting an hour to all day

The nurse is completing a neurovascular assessment on a patient with a tibial fracture and a cast. The patient's foot is pulseless, pale, and cool, and the patient reports numbness in the foot. The nurse suspects which condition?

Compartment syndrome

Which instruction would the nurse include in a teaching plan about diabetes and healthy eating?

If ingesting alcohol, also consume carbohydrates.

Which activity helps to protect the joints for a patient who has osteoarthritis (OA) of the knees?

Eat a well-balanced diet to maintain a healthy body weight.

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse document that correlate with the development of diabetes mellitus in a patient with a history of acromegaly? Select all that apply.

Increased thirst Increased urination

The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) reports to the nurse that a patient with diabetes is slow to respond, pale, and diaphoretic. Which priority intervention would the nurse take?

Obtain a bedside glucose reading.

Which treatments may be included in the plan of care for a patient who is admitted to the hospital for further management of a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flare? Select all that apply.

Obtain weight daily. Observe and record intake and output. Collect 24-hour urine samples for protein and creatinine clearance. Administer 125 mg methylprednisolone IV every six hours.

Which stage of rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by increased joint inflammation that spreads across cartilage into the joint cavity?

Stage II

Which factors may precipitate gout? Select all that apply.

Starvation Niacin administration Aspirin administration

The nurse is reviewing the fluid and electrolyte shifts that occur during burn injury. Which of these occur during the emergent stage of a burn injury? Select all that apply.

Edema in nonburned areas (third spacing) Elevated hematocrit caused by hemoconcentration Movement of water and sodium to the interstitial fluid

Which action will the nurse include when teaching a patient newly diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) about the effects of sunlight on the disease?

Educate the patient on the importance of planning outdoor activities.

Which is a common site of bursitis?

Elbows

A patient with a burn injury is brought to the emergency department, and the nurse notes white, leathery skin, dysrhythmias, and a loss of consciousness. Which type of burn injury would the nurse suspect?

Electrical

Which burn injury would the nurse identify as resulting in tissue anoxia?

Electrical injury

When assessing the patient with severe electrical burns, which symptoms does the nurse know would indicate this patient is hyperkalemic? Select all that apply.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) changes Muscle weakness Cardiac dysrhythmias

Which actions may help relieve hyperacidity and epigastric pain for a patient with scleroderma? Select all that apply.

Elevate head position while sleeping. Use antacids 45 to 60 minutes after meal. Do not sleep immediately after eating food

Which components may result in metabolic syndrome? Select all that apply.

Elevated BP, Decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL)

Which diagnostic tests are indicative of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA)? Select all that apply.

Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) Narrowed joint space on x-ray examination

Which laboratory results confirm a diagnosis of Paget's disease?

Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels

Which laboratory results would confirm overt hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply.

Elevated triiodothyronine (T3) level, Elevated free T4 level, Low TSH level

Which interventions would the nurse expect to see included in the plan of care for a patient with partial- and full-thickness burns on the lower extremities? Select all that apply.

Escharotomy care Daily cleansing and debridement Application of topical antimicrobial agent IV and oral pain medications

After admitting a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) to the emergency department, which nursing intervention is a priority?

Establish IV access

Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient about osteoporosis?

Even with a family history of osteoporosis, the calcium loss from bones can be slowed by increased calcium intake and exercise.

Which treatment is given to a patient with pheochromocytoma to control high BP before surgery?

Phenoxybenzamine

Which medication places a patient at a higher risk for developing osteomalacia?

Phenytoin

Teaching for a patient newly diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) should include avoidance of which environmental factors? Select all that apply.

Physical and emotional stress Exposure to individuals with infections Drying soaps, powders, and household chemicals

A transsphenoidal hypophysectomy involves surgical resection of which gland?

Pituitary

Which technique will the nurse use to turn a patient in the postoperative phase of spinal surgery?

Place a pillow between the patient's legs and turn the body as a unit.

The nurse reviews a test result of a patient with bursitis and notes bursal wall thickening that interferes with normal joint function. Which treatment does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for the patient?

Surgical excision of bursae

Which primary manifestation is associated with bursitis?

Swelling

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) experiences an unacceptable amount of pain and limited range of motion (ROM), especially in the elbows, wrists, and fingers. The nurse anticipates a prescription for which procedure?

Synovectomy

Which action may help to prevent exacerbation of low back pain?

Placing a foot on a stool during prolonged standing

Which symptom indicates that a patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus is experiencing hyperglycemia?

Polydipsia

Which nursing intervention would promote a reduction in the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in a patient with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?

Positioning the head of the bed flat

Which rationale is accurate regarding the need for a long-term corticosteroid to be gradually reduced?

Prevention of adrenal insufficiency

Which symptoms would the nurse include when teaching a patient with pheochromocytoma about symptoms of severe complications that should be reported to the health care provider immediately? Select all that apply.

Profuse sweating Severe, pounding headache Tachycardia with palpitations Unexplained abdominal or chest pain

Which assessment finding following vertebral disc surgery will the nurse immediately report to the health care provider?

Severe headache

Which condition may be associated with dry eyes and a decrease in the amount of saliva being produced?

Sjögren's syndrome

Which is an insulin-dependent tissue?

Skeletal muscle

Which actions may help to control symptoms of systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID)?

Taking an antiinflammatory drug for pain or fever

A patient tells the nurse, "I know I just got the long leg cast on my leg this morning, but I really want to try walking with my crutches." The nurse informs the patient that this activity is not permitted based on which primary rationale?

Excess edema and other problems are prevented when the leg is elevated for 24 hours.

When assessing a patient suffering from inhalation burns on the face and chest, which findings would the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.

Increasing hoarseness Darkened oral or nasal membranes Productive cough with black sputum

The nurse expects a diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) based on which patient symptoms?

Increasing lower back pain unrelieved by pain medication

The registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about assessing a patient with Cushing syndrome who is on corticosteroid therapy. Which statement made by the student nurse about assessment would need correction?

I will assess for postural changes.

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient following an external fixation of the tibia. The nurse identifies that it is critical to include which patient assessments? Select all that apply.

Indications of infection Pin loosening

A patient with osteoarthritis is scheduled for a total knee arthroplasty. The nurse identifies that the surgery will be postponed if the patient experiences which condition?

Infection

Which complication would the nurse include in the teaching plan when educating a patient about possible postsurgical complications related to a hypophysectomy?

Infertility

Which rationales are correct when giving 1 mg of glucagon to treat hypoglycemia? Select all that apply.

IV access is not available. The patient is unconscious or unable to swallow. Deltoid muscle injection gives a faster response.

Which medications may be prescribed for a patient with mucocutaneous lesions, urethritis, and conjunctivitis? Select all that apply.

Ibuprofen Methotrexate Sulfasalazine

A newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin and asks the nurse how it works. Which explanation would the nurse give the patient?

It decreases the rate of hepatic glucose production and augments glucose uptake by tissues, especially muscles.

A patient with a fracture of the femur is being treated with Buck's traction. How does the nurse explain the functions of Buck's traction to the patient? Select all that apply.

It immobilizes the fracture. It reduces muscle spasms It prevents or reduces pain

Which factors would the nurse consider regarding the use of antibiotics for a patient with burns? Select all that apply.

It is essential to check the patient for allergies to sulfa. Silver-impregnated dressings can be left in place from 3 to 14 days. Topical antimicrobial agents may be applied after the wound cleansing.

Tenderness in which locations may be associated with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia? Select all that apply.

Knee Low cervical area

Which activity may precipitate bursitis?

Kneeling repeatedly

The nurse discusses a patient's debridement of a shoulder with a nursing student. The nurse explains that debridement involves the removal of which items from the joint? Select all that apply.

Joint debris Osteophytes Pieces of cartilage

Which assessment finding may be related to osteoarthritis (OA)?

Joint stiffness after rest; stiffness usually subsides 30 minutes after activity is resumed

A patient is experiencing osteoarthritis. The nurse reviews the patient's x-ray report and expects which finding?

Joint-space narrowing

Which is an insulin-dependent diabetes?

Juvenile-onset diabetes

Which discharge instructions does the nurse give to a patient with a cast? Select all that apply.

Keep the extremity elevated as much as possible Report a fever or a foul odor coming from beneath the cast.

How will the nurse respond to a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who inquires as to why it is important to have frequent urinalysis done? Select all that apply.

Kidney damage is very common in people with SLE." "Urinalysis will evaluate for proteinuria, which may be an early sign of renal complications."

Which conditions increase a patient's risk for osteoporosis? Select all that apply.

Kidney disease Hyperthyroidism Diabetes mellitus Rheumatoid arthritis

When assessing for signs of ketoacidosis in a patient with diabetes, which respiratory pattern would the nurse expect to find?

Kussmaul respirations

Which procedure is the preferred surgical treatment for vertebral compression fractures?

Kyphoplasty

Which procedure may be prescribed to treat osteoporotic vertebral fractures?

Kyphoplasty

To help delay the development of type 2 diabetes, which instructions would the nurse recommend to a patient who has an oral glucose test value of 160 mg/dL? Select all that apply.

Maintain a healthy weight. Monitor for polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia. Regularly monitor blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels.

Which class of medication may be prescribed to treat joint pain for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

For a patient who presents with an enlarged thyroid gland but has normal thyroid levels, which type of goiter would be documented in the patient's medical record?

Nontoxic

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient three days after the patient underwent a total hip arthroplasty (THA). The nurse assesses the patient and notes increased pain, an oral temperature of 101.5°F, and a decreased willingness to participate in physical therapy. Which action does the nurse take?

Notify the health care provider of a potential postoperative infection

When discussing long-term management of Addison's disease with a patient, the nurse would include which self-care management measures? Select all that apply.

Notify the health care provider whenever experiencing vomiting or diarrhea. Take extra medication when experiencing either physical or emotional stress.

A patient with type 2 diabetes who takes oral hypoglycemics at home is admitted to the hospital with an infection and asks why insulin injections have been prescribed. Which explanation would the nurse provide?

The infection increases the glucose level, resulting in a need for more insulin.

Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient about intraarticular injection of steroids? Select all that apply.

The joint should not be overused after injection. Sterile technique must be used for steroid injections. A dose of medication is delivered to the affected joint.

Which explanation will the nurse provide about the importance of a low-purine diet for a patient with gout?

The metabolism of purine results in the formation of uric acid.

Following an amputation of the left lower extremity, a patient reports shooting pain and heaviness in the area of the missing leg. The nurse identifies that which intervention may improve the patient's symptoms?

Using mirror therapy

Which rationale is accurate when explaining to a patient with hypothyroidism and coronary artery disease (CAD) as to why the use of an enema is contraindicated?

Vagus-nerve stimulation

Which medication may be prescribed for a patient with diabetes mellitus who is diagnosed with osteomyelitis of the foot?

Vancomycin

Which body part of the patient is at risk for superior mesenteric artery syndrome when sustaining a fracture?

Vertebrae

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse assess in a patient with hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply.

Weight loss, Protrusion of the eyeballs, Elevated BP

Which condition is a complication of gout?

Which condition is a complication of gout?

Which measures does the nurse take to reduce muscle spasms when a patient experiences a musculoskeletal injury? Select all that apply.

Which measures does the nurse take to reduce muscle spasms when a patient experiences a musculoskeletal injury? Select all that apply. Place the affected extremity in a comfortable position.

Women have an increased risk for osteoporosis related to which risk factor?

Women have less bone mass because they have smaller frames.

The nurse suspects a burn injury patient has superficial partial-thickness burns. Which findings would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.

Wounds are red and painful. There is blanching with pressure. The burned area has minimal edema.

Which characteristics would the nurse likely find when performing an examination of a patient's deep partial-thickness burn? Select all that apply.

Wounds are wet and shiny. Wounds are painful to touch. Wounds appear pink to cherry-red.

A patient experiences a ligament injury to the ankle joint. To relieve edema, which instruction does the nurse include in the patient's discharge education?

Wrap an elastic bandage from distal to proximal end

When instructing a community group about caring for a person with burns of more than 10% of total body surface area, which would the nurse advise? Select all that apply.

Wrap the patient in a blanket. Gently remove burned clothing. Leave adherent clothing in place.

Which joint is a common site for surgical fusions?

Wrist joint

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may experience which cardiopulmonary manifestations? Select all that apply.

cough tachypnea dysrthmias

A patient with diabetes has an increased serum osmolality and a blood glucose level of 610 mg/dL. The nurse would monitor this patient for which complication?

seizures

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may experience which neurologic manifestations? Select all that apply.

stroke seziures psychosis

The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the common sites for a synovectomy. Which understanding about the surgical sites by the student indicates effective learning? Select all that apply.

wrist, finger, elbow

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with Gottron's sign?

Dermatomyositis

Which factor is the primary defect associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Absent or minimal insulin production

Which condition can result if hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) occurs after epiphyseal plate closure?

Acromegaly

Which condition correlates with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) after a head injury?

Increased intravascular volume

Which factor would be seen in syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)?

Increased intravascular volume

Which complication from corticosteroid use can worsen the problem of decreased bone density in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Osteopenia

Bone remodeling is consistent in reducing fractures unless the patient has which condition?

Osteoporosis

Which condition is characterized by fingers that are fixed in a semiflexed position, with tightened skin to the wrist?

Sclerodactyly

Which patient statement indicates the need for further teaching about the management of osteoarthritis?

"A cold shower in the morning will help relieve the stiffness I have when I get up."

How will the nurse respond to a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who reports a low-grade fever and malaise?

"Please schedule a sick visit with the health care provider."

Which lifestyle changes may help to prevent osteoarthritis? Select all that apply.

Avoiding smoking Maintaining a healthy weight Promptly treating any joint injury

The nurse provides information to a nursing student about hand surgery. When asked about the primary goals of hand surgery, which statement made by the student indicates the need for further teaching?

"A primary goal is to correct the deformity of the hand."

Which patient statements indicate the need for furthering teaching about osteoarthritis (OA) and its treatment? Select all that apply.

"I'll never use a staircase." "My bones have become weak and fragile." "I can skip doses if I don't have any symptoms."

Which statement made by the patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes indicates a need for further instruction?

"If I skip breakfast, I can hold my insulin until noon."

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who has difficulty breathing, along with symptoms suggestive of Raynaud's phenomenon?

Scleroderma

Which instructions would the nurse give the patient who has a history of diabetes about foot care? Select all that apply.

"Wear shoes and socks." "Walk regularly and exercise." "Protect the feet from extreme heat and cold."

The nurse provides education for a community group related to osteoporosis. Which statement made by a member of the group indicates the need for further education?

"In adults over 65 years old, hip fracture occurs more often in men than in women because of osteoporosis."

the nurse provides education for a community group related to osteoporosis. Which statement made by a member of the group indicates the need for further education?

"In adults over 65 years old, hip fracture occurs more often in men than in women because of osteoporosis."

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse assess in a hospitalized patient diagnosed with Graves' disease? Select all that apply.

Dysrhythmias, Systolic murmurs, Systolic hypertension

Which factor makes women more prone to osteoporosis than men?

Earlier bone resorption

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with red spots on the hands, forearms, palms, face, and lips?

Scleroderma

Which teaching will the nurse include for a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who reports to the clinic that she has been attempting pregnancy for six months without success?

"Infertility can result from the SLE or from medications used to treat it."

When measuring bone density, which T-score indicates osteopenia?

-2

Estrogen therapy may cause an increased risk for which condition?

Heart attack

Which factor is a trigger for Raynaud's phenomenon?

Stress

Which cause is associated with central diabetes insipidus?

The presence of a brain tumor

Which statement made by the patient with diabetes mellitus indicates effective learning?

"I will carry extra insulin during travel."

Which statement made by a patient demonstrates the need for further teaching about diabetes management?

"I will drink fruit juices daily."

Which instruction would the nurse give the patient and caregiver about managing hypothyroidism?

Use soap sparingly

Which components are associated with metabolic syndrome? Select all that apply.

elevated BP, elevated glucose levels and abdominal obesity

Which intervention would be done immediately if a patient with adrenocortical insufficiency develops Addisonian crisis?

Administer large volumes of saline and dextrose.

Which clinical manifestation would be most prominent in the assessment of a patient with suspected Cushing syndrome?

Weight gain, including truncal obesity

Which statement made by the patient being treated conservatively for hyperparathyroidism indicates that the discharge instructions have been understood?

"I should exercise regularly."

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient following shoulder surgery. The nurse assists the patient with physical therapy exercises to prevent which complication?

Arthrofibrosis

he nurse anticipates a prescription for which type of surgery for a patient with osteoarthritis who experiences instability due to severe deterioration of the knee joint?

Arthroplasty

The nurse will inform a patient who has been prescribed topical diclofenac sodium to take which precautions with its use? Select all that apply.

Avoid exposure to sunlight. Do not coadminister with oral aspirin.

The nurse provides discharge education for a patient who has undergone a total knee arthroplasty. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for additional teaching?

"I should expect that my knee may change shape."

The nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes about proper dietary recommendations. The nurse determines that the patient understands the teaching when he or she makes which statement?

"I should have no more than 60 grams of carbohydrates in each meal."

A nurse is teaching a group of parents how to reduce the risk for scalding and inhalation burns. Which statement made by a participant indicates a need for further teaching?

"I should light candles near an open window."

The nurse has taught a patient admitted with diabetes, cellulitis, and osteomyelitis about the principles of foot care. Which statement made by the patient indicates the patient understands the principles of foot care?

"I should look at the condition of my feet every day."

Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching about proper body mechanics for a patient with a history of low back pain caused by a herniated lumbar disc?

"I should pick up items by leaning forward without bending my knees."

A nurse is planning care for a patient with a 30% body surface area burn injury. Which statement by the nurse regarding the nutritional status of this patient is true?

"A hypermetabolic state results in poor healing and increased protein and lipid needs."

The nurse is providing education to a patient with an arm burn who is in the rehabilitation phase of recovery. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further instruction?

"After a month, I will be able to go to the beach to get a tan."

A patient with diabetes who takes long-acting and mealtime insulin calls the ambulatory center with complaints of an upper respiratory infection and has a decreased appetite, fever, and cough. Which instructions would the nurse give the patient? Select all that apply.

"Any illness can cause a hormone response that can result in hyperglycemia." "If you are sick, you should check your blood sugar every four hours, even if you are not eating regularly."

The nurse will provide which teaching for a patient with a swan neck deformity of the fingers of the left hand who has been referred for laboratory testing for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

"Arthritis is not the only medical condition that can cause joint deformities."

Which instruction would the nurse give the patient with hyperaldosteronism who is prescribed eplerenone?

"Avoid grapefruit juice."

When teaching the patient how to self-administer subcutaneous insulin, which instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan

"Avoid injecting insulin intramuscularly because rapid and unpredictable absorption could result in hypoglycemia."

When teaching the patient how to self-administer subcutaneous insulin, which instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan?

"Avoid injecting insulin intramuscularly because rapid and unpredictable absorption could result in hypoglycemia."

Which response by the student nurse is appropriate for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who questions why the student is performing neurologic assessments every four hours?

"Central nervous system (CNS) disorders are common in SLE, so frequent monitoring is important."

Which patient statement indicates the need for further teaching about the management of osteoarthritis (OA)?

"I should try to stay standing all day to keep my joints from becoming stiff."

Which statement made by the patient indicates correct knowledge of the onset of action of the mealtime insulin aspart?

"I will administer my aspart within 15 minutes of eating my meal."

Which statement made by the patient in an outpatient diabetes clinic indicates an understanding of the teaching regarding sick day rules?

"I will be sure to measure my finger-stick blood glucose level four times a day, and more frequently when I am ill."

While caring for a patient showing signs of dawn phenomenon, the student nurse teaches the patient ways to avoid an increased level of blood glucose in the morning. Which instruction indicates a need for further learning?

"Decrease your insulin intake."

Which question would the nurse ask a patient admitted to the hospital with frequent urination and excessive thirst to support the diagnosis of diabetes?

"Do you have a family history of diabetes?"

How will the nurse respond to a patient who voices concerns to the nurse about taking procainamide, stating that a friend was recently hospitalized for drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

"Drug-induced SLE generally occurs months to year after continuous use of this drug

Which statement from a co-worker regarding the fluid and electrolyte shifts that occur during burn injuries requires correction by the nurse?

"Exudate is an example of second spacing."

Which question would the nurse ask a patient with polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia to rule out a false-negative glucose result?

"Have you recently taken acetaminophen?

The nurse is completing an admission history for a patient with osteoarthritis who has been admitted for a knee arthroplasty. When the nurse asks the patient why the procedure is being performed, which does the nurse anticipate the patient will state?

"I have chronic knee pain."

The nurse provides discharge instructions for a patient who has undergone total hip arthroplasty. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the instructions?

"I have to do the physical therapy exercises several times a day."

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus who will need to give self-injections of insulin at home. Which statement by the patient indicates to the nurse that the discharge teaching was effective?

"I need to rotate sites of injection to allow for better absorption of the insulin."

The nurse applies an elastic bandage to a patient's injured knee and provides discharge instructions about how to reapply the bandage. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?

"I will elevate the injured part above heart level, except during sleep, for 24 to 48 hours."

The nurse is teaching strategies to reduce burn injuries to a group of new parents. Which parent comment indicates a need for further teaching?

"I will make sure the hot water temperature is set at 140° F (60° C)."

The nurse teaches a patient about radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further instruction?

"I will need to take antithyroid drugs for six to nine months after I begin RAI therapy."

Which statement by the patient demonstrates effective learning about insulin therapy?

"I will not use the insulin if any particles appear in the solution."

Which statement made by the patient with diabetes indicates a need for further teaching about management of hypoglycemia?

"I will recheck my glucose level 30 minutes after eating 15 g of carbohydrate."

Which statement made by the patient with type 2 diabetes indicates understanding the teaching plan about exercise as a method to control blood glucose levels?

"I will take a brisk 30-minute walk five days per week and do resistance training three times a week."

Which statement by a patient indicates a lack of understanding of the prescribed medication metformin?

"I will take this medication when my blood sugar is greater than 200 mg/dL."

Which patient statement indicates the need for further education regarding the management of both cardiac disease and hypothyroidism?

"I will use an enema for constipation.

The nurse is teaching an elderly patient with Cushing syndrome about home care. Which statement made by the patient indicates effective learning?

"I will wear a Medic Alert bracelet all the time."

Which statement made by the patient with type 1 diabetes indicates a need for further instruction?

"I'll check my blood sugar level after every meal."

Which patient statement indicates the need for further teaching about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

"I'm hoping that surgery will be an option for me in the future."

Which statement by the student nurse indicates understanding of treatment for acute osteomyelitis?

"IV antibiotics are usually required for several weeks."

Which statement by the patient recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus indicates understanding of disease management?

"If I become ill, I will need to check my blood sugar more frequently."

After teaching a patient with type 1 diabetes regarding diet, which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

"If I go over my calories, then I can just increase my insulin."

Which statement made by the patient with diabetes mellitus indicates that further education regarding exercise is required?

"It is especially important that I exercise if my blood sugar is above 250 mg/dL and my urine is positive for ketones." Strenuous activity can be perce

Which statement by the patient who is status post a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy indicates a need for further education?

"It is important that I brush my teeth every day."

The nurse provides postoperative instructions for a patient who underwent reconstructive surgery for an anterior crucial ligament (ACL) injury. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?

"It is not likely that my physical functioning will ever return to normal."

Which statements by the student nurse indicate understanding about Sjögren's syndrome? Select all that apply.

"It may lead to painful intercourse." "It may lead to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma." "It may cause dryness of the eyes and mouth.

A patient with pheochromocytoma is prescribed propranolol during preoperative care. Which instruction provided by the nurse is most appropriate to prevent complications in the patient?

"Make postural changes cautiously."

A nurse is evaluating an overweight patient in the adult ambulatory clinic for a yearly physical. The patient has a family history of type 2 diabetes and is afraid of developing this disease. How would the nurse respond?

"Metabolic abnormalities, such as insulin resistance and being overweight, play a role in developing type 2 diabetes."

Which teaching will the nurse provide for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who has persistent proteinuria, for which the health care provider prescribed both oral steroids and a cytotoxic agent?

"Oral steroids are used in the initial treatment period while the cytotoxic agent takes effect."

Which patient statement indicates understanding of teaching about osteoarthritis of the knees?

"Osteoarthritis is more common with aging, but usually it remains confined to a few joints and does not cause crippling."

The nurse teaches an older adult about ways to prevent musculoskeletal problems. Which instructions are appropriate for the nurse to include in the patient's education? Select all that apply.

"Perform Tai Chi exercises." "Eliminate throw rugs at home." "Discuss the use of medications for pain with your health care provider "Use ramps in buildings instead of steps."

The nurse teaches an older adult about ways to prevent musculoskeletal problems. Which instructions are appropriate for the nurse to include in the patient's education? Select all that apply.

"Perform Tai Chi exercises." "Eliminate throw rugs at home." "Discuss the use of medications for pain with your health care provider." Use ramps in buildings instead of steps.

The nurse provides education for an athlete about how to avoid sprains and strains and includes which suggestions? Select all that apply.

"Perform balance exercises." "Perform strengthening exercises." "Take an analgesic before exercising." "Perform muscle warming-up exercises before vigorous activities."

The nurse teaches a nursing student about postoperative therapy for a patient who has undergone a knee arthroplasty. Which statement made by the student indicates effective learning?

"Physical therapy begins early with isometric quadriceps exercises."

Which statement by the student nurse indicates understanding of teaching about proper body mechanics for a patient with a history of low back pain caused by a herniated lumbar disc?

"Physical therapy may help to alleviate the pain."

While caring for a patient whose pancreas has been transplanted, which instruction given by the student nurse to the patient would need correction by the nursing instructor?

"Regular monitoring of glucose level is required."

A patient, admitted with type 1 diabetes, asks the nurse what "type 1" means. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

"The body produces autoantibodies that destroy beta cells in the pancreas."

A burn patient's caregiver asks the nurse why an enzymatic debriding agent is being applied to the wounds. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

"The enzymatic debriding agent helps remove dead tissue from the healthy wound bed."

Which statement made by a student nurse regarding clinical manifestations associated with severe burns indicates the need for further education by the nurse?

"The patient is unconscious and cannot answer until intubated."

Which explanation will the nurse provide for a patient with osteoarthritis of the knees who tells the nurse that the celecoxib 200 mg they have been taking every 12 hours does not seem to work as well as it used to in controlling the pain?

"You may respond better to an alternate NSAID."

Which statements made by the nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes would be included in a teaching plan? Select all that apply.

"You should decrease your dietary sugar intake." "I will teach you how to self-administer your insulin." "You should monitor your blood sugar as prescribed."

Which statement by the student nurse indicates understanding of the cause of severe pain associated with a tumor on the left leg?

"The tumor may be pressing on nerves near the bone."

When evaluating the outcome of patient teaching regarding aspart insulin, which statement made by the patient demonstrates correct understanding of the teaching?

"This insulin is used to treat the elevated sugar that occurs after meal intake."

The nurse provides care one day after a patient underwent an amputation just below the level of the elbow. The patient reports a sensation of pain in the missing portion. How does the nurse respond?

"This is fairly common."

Which statement by the student nurse indicates understanding of primary osteosarcoma?

"This malignancy is often associated with prior radiation."

A patient scheduled for a thyroidectomy is placed on potassium iodine. When the patient's family asks the nurse why this medication is needed, which response by the nurse is accurate?

"This medication will decrease the vascularity of the thyroid gland."

When reviewing the diabetic self-care management with a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes, which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further education?

"To toughen my skin so I do not get pressure sores, I should rub my feet down with rubbing alcohol after my bath."

What instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient who is receiving radioactive iodine (RAI)?

"Towels that are used by you should not be used by other family members."

The nurse teaches a nursing student about traction. Which statement made by the student reflects effective learning?

"Traction provides immobilization to the joint or body part."

A patient with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) reports being awakened at night due to tingling and numbness in the hands. Which activity does the nurse suggest to relieve the symptoms?

"Wear a hand splint throughout the night."

A patient with type 2 diabetes wants to stop taking metformin and to manage the diabetes with diet and exercise. Which responses by the nurse are accurate? Select all that apply

"Weight loss for overweight patients is recommended as a management strategy for type 2 diabetes." "You should maintain a healthy balance of nutrients to maintain blood glucose and overall health." "There is no ideal number of carbohydrates to consume, so you should individualize your meal plan."

A patient with type 2 diabetes wants to stop taking metformin and to manage the diabetes with diet and exercise. Which responses by the nurse are accurate? Select all that apply.

"Weight loss for overweight patients is recommended as a management strategy for type 2 diabetes." "You should maintain a healthy balance of nutrients to maintain blood glucose and overall health." "There is no ideal number of carbohydrates to consume, so you should individualize your meal plan."

The nurse provides education for a patient that recently underwent acromioplasty about the postoperative plan of care. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?

"Weightlifting will be permitted in seven to ten days."

A patient calls the health care provider's office at 8:00 a.m. and states, "I just experienced an episode of low blood sugar, which responded to oral glucose tablets." Which question would the nurse ask to help to identify the cause of the low blood sugar?

"Were you more active than usual yesterday?"

Which statement made by a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes indicates an understanding of a teaching session focused on hypoglycemia?

"When my blood sugar is less than 70 mg/dL, I will take 15 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate, such as orange juice, and recheck in 15 minutes."

A patient with type 2 diabetes who takes metformin daily to manage blood sugar is scheduled for scan with IV contrast. Which question by the nurse is most important to ask the patient when preparing for the procedure?

"When was the last time you took your metformin?

The nurse provides education to a group of nursing students. The nurse reviews a case study of a patient that presented to the hospital with a fractured humerus, received a cast, and developed compartment syndrome. The students were asked to provide a summary of appropriate nursing care for this patient. Which statement made by a student indicates the need for further education?

"With compartment syndrome, elevate the extremity above the heart level."

A patient admitted with type 2 diabetes asks the nurse what "type 2" means. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

"With type 2 diabetes, insulin secretion is decreased and insulin resistance is increased."

Which teaching is the priority for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and suspected lung disease who says she is interested in getting pregnant?

"Women with advanced SLE should consider alternative family-building options."

A patient diagnosed with acromegaly has developed speech difficulties and asks what is causing the problem. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

"You have developed the condition due to overgrowth of the tongue."

Which teaching will the nurse include for a patient with osteoporosis who has been prescribed a bisphosphonate drug?

"You should drink a full glass of water with the medicine."

The nurse is teaching a patient about diagnostic tests for Cushing syndrome. Which statements by the nurse would be accurate regarding the tests to confirm the diagnosis? Select all that apply.

"You will have your plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels checked." "Collect a 24-hour urine sample for testing free cortisol and 17-ketosteroids." "Undergo computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)."

Which interventions will the nurse include when caring for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Select all that apply.

Administering a massage Applying warm compresses Recommending avoidance of strenuous physical activity

A patient is at risk for developing a deep vein thrombosis after a knee replacement surgery. Which intervention reduces the risk of this complication?

Administering prophylactic anticoagulant drugs

Which intervention will reduce the risk of infection in a patient who has sustained an open fracture of the femur?

Administering tetanus prophylaxis

Which medication therapy may be initiated for a patient receiving long-term nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy for osteoarthritis who develops gastrointestinal bleeding and erosion?

Misoprostol

Which initial interventions would the nurse perform as a part of emergency burn management for a patient who has sustained full-thickness burns covering more than 20% of the total body surface area? Select all that apply.

Begin fluid replacement. Cover burned areas with dry dressings. Establish IV access with two large-bore catheters.

Which medications may increase a patient's risk for osteoporosis? Select all that apply.

Betamethasone Calcium carbonate

Which drug is used for treating neurogenic bladder?

Bethanechol

According to the Rule of Nines for calculating the percentage of burns, the nurse would assign which percentage to a burn in the genitalia?

1%

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus complains of severe dehydration, dry mouth, fever associated with chills, and fruity odor of the breath. Which interprofessional treatment would be included in the plan of care? Select all that apply

Administer potassium to correct hypokalemia. Administer sodium bicarbonate if severe acidosis is present. Administer 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) to correct fluid imbalance.

A burn patient has not received any active tetanus immunization within the previous 12 years. Which is the primary nursing measure to help prevent the development of tetanus in the patient?

Administer tetanus immunoglobulin.

The nurse would monitor for increases in which laboratory value in a patient being treated with dexamethasone?

Blood glucose

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient who underwent a total hip arthroplasty and takes which action to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE)?

Administer warfarin

A patient who has 20-year history of hypothyroidism was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a decreased level of consciousness and a temperature of 96° F. Which interventions would be included in the plan of care for this patient? Select all that apply.

Administering thyroid hormone IV Monitoring cardiovascular status continuously

Which interdisciplinary team member can help to increase patient independence with assistive devices that simplify tasks for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Occupational therapist

Which instruction regarding the Credé's maneuver would the nurse give to a patient with diabetes mellitus who has a neurogenic bladder causing urinary retention?

Perform mild massage downward over the lower abdomen and bladder.

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient following a knee joint replacement and takes which measures to prevent constipation? Select all that apply.

Administers stool softeners and laxatives Advises the patient to eat more fruits and vegetables Advises the patient to consume 2000 to 3000 mL of fluids per day Advises the patient to consume a high-fiber diet

The nurse advises a diabetic patient on insulin therapy who reports headaches on awakening and a history of night sweats to reduce the dose of insulin and have a bedtime snack. Which finding supports the nurse's instructions?

Blood glucose levels: 60 mg/dL between 2 AM and 4 AM

For which parameters will the nurse monitor in a patient who is taking systemic hydrocortisone for the treatment of arthritis? Select all that apply.

Body weight BP potassium level

A patient whose laboratory report shows a blood glucose level of 290 mg/dL, serum bicarbonate of 13 mEq/L, serum potassium of 3 mEq/L, and arterial blood pH of 6 is on therapeutic management. At a follow-up visit, the patient has severe hypokalemia (2 mEq/L). Which therapeutic intervention might have caused severe hypokalemia in this patient?

Administration of 0.1 U/kg/hr of insulin

Which factor may be the cause of iatrogenic Addison's disease?

Adrenal hemorrhage

Which disease is treated with corticosteroidal hormonal therapy?

Adrenal insufficiency

A patient with osteoporosis who has been on bed rest for one month after a complicated surgery is at risk for which condition after returning to daily activities?

Bone fracture

Which clinical manifestation indicates that a patient may have Paget's disease?

Bone pain

How is bone resorption related to bone deposition in osteoporosis?

Bone resorption exceeds bone deposition.

The health care provider was unable to spare a patient's parathyroid gland during a thyroidectomy. Which assessment would the nurse prioritize when providing postoperative care for this patient?

Serum calcium levels

The nurse would plan to teach a patient with Addison's disease about the need for which primary treatment?

Adrenocorticosteroid replacement therapy

When caring for patients who undergo a total hip arthroplasty (THA), the nurse recalls that prophylactic anticoagulant drugs are given for at least how many days postoperatively?

10 to 14 days

Which fasting blood glucose range indicates prediabetes?

100 to 125 mg/dL

During which timeframe would the nurse monitor the patient for hypoglycemia after administering 10 units regular insulin subcutaneously at 8:30 p.m.?

10:30 p.m. to 1:30 a.m.

Which level of urine cortisol in a 24-hour period indicates Cushing syndrome?

110 mcg/24 hr

The patient received regular insulin eight units subcutaneously (SQ) at 0900. During which time range would the nurse plan to monitor this patient for signs of hypoglycemia

1100 and 140

A patient receiving IV vancomycin needs to have a trough drug level drawn. The medication will infuse over 60 minutes and the next dose is due to be given at 1300. The nurse should obtain a blood sample at which time?

1230

The nurse recognizes which fluid as recommended for the first 24 hours after a burn?

2 to 4 mL lactated Ringer's/kg/%TBSA burned

Adrenocortical insufficiency develops secondary to inadequate secretion of which pituitary hormone?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Which hormone deficiency may lead to a life-threatening condition?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A 45-year-old woman with a body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2 and with a history of gestational diabetes reports increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. Which type of diabetes would be included in a teaching plan for this patient?

Adult-onset diabetes

A patient with a fracture of the right tibia has been advised to use a cane. Which instructions does the nurse give to this patient? Select all that apply.

Advance the left leg last. Advance the right leg first. Hold the cane in the left hand.

Which type of thyroid cancer is the least likely to respond to treatment and has the poorest prognosis?

Anaplastic

A patient injures an ankle severely during a football game. Diagnostic studies indicate that the patient broke the ankle and damaged articular surfaces. The nurse expects which treatment plan?

Ankle fusion

The nurse reviews the plan of care for a patient and notes that an osteotomy is scheduled to treat which condition?

Ankylosing spondylitis

Which laboratory finding indicates that gentamicin treatment for osteomyelitis is contraindicated?

Serum creatinine: 3.4 mg/dL

Peak bone mass occurs before which age?

20

Which blood glucose level indicates hyperglycemia?

200 to 250 mg/dL

Which range is the current recommendation of fiber for patients with diabetes?

25 to 30 g/day

Administration of which prescribed intervention may help to prevent further complications in an unconscious patient with a history of diabetes whose blood sugar level is found to be 65 mg/dL?

25 to 50 mL of 50% glucose IV

Which diagnostic tests may be ordered to determine the cause of pain in the right hip that increases in intensity with activity, fever, swelling and tenderness for a patient who sustained a fall one week ago without a fracture? Select all that apply.

Bone tissue biopsy Radionuclide bone scans MRI

Which medications may be prescribed for a patient diagnosed with scleroderma? Select all that apply.

Bosentan Reserpine Cyclophosphamide

Which are the closed sacs that are lined with synovial membrane, contain a small amount of synovial fluid, and are located at sites of friction in the joints?

Bursae

A coal miner with a history of rheumatoid arthritis reports pain, swelling, and a limited range of motion in the knee joints. Which diagnosis does the nurse suspect?

Bursitis

Which clinical manifestation is characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Butterfly rash

Which laboratory findings would be consistent with the diagnosis of adrenocortical insufficiency? Select all that apply.

Serum potassium: 6.5 mEq/L Blood urea nitrogen (BUN): 30 mg/dL Electrocardiogram (ECG): Peaked T waves

Which weight-bearing activity will the nurse encourage to reduce a patient's risk for bone fracture?

30-minute daily walk

At what time would the nurse instruct the patient to monitor the blood sugar if dawn phenomenon is suspected?

3:00 a.m

Which characteristics of a second-degree thermal burn would the nurse expect to find during a patient's physical assessment? Select all that apply.

Severe pain Mild edema Fluid-filled vesicles

When assessing a patient with a second-degree burn, which clinical manifestations would the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.

Severe pain Red, shiny vesicles Mild to moderate edema

Which statement is true about pheochromocytoma?

Severe pounding headaches and profuse sweating are clinical features.

the nurse provides care for a patient who has sustained a fracture of the femur. Which interventions does the nurse perform to ensure a healthy diet for optimal healing of the injured tissues? Select all that apply.

Include 1g/kg of protein daily. Include foods rich in vitamins C and D. Increase calcium-rich foods in the diet.

During a follow-up visit to learn about management of hypoglycemia, a patient's blood glucose level was found to be 65 mg/dL. Which action by the patient might be responsible for this?

Including whole milk in the diet

Using the Rule of Nines, which percentage of burn surface area would the nurse document for a patient with burns over the entire surface of both arms, the anterior trunk, and the right leg?

54%

Bone density tests are recommended for all women over which age?

65

The nurse will chart which score according to rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria for a patient who reports joint pain in six small joints going on for four weeks and has a high positive rheumatoid factor (RF) and abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)?

7

Which diagnostic test would be done for a patient with a severe pounding headache who has been diagnosed with hypertension that is not responding to traditional treatment?

A 24-hour urine collection for fractionated metanephrines

Which patients will the nurse assess for signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis? Select all that apply.

A 60-year-old diabetic who has a blunt injury A 50-year-old man who underwent a total hip replacement A 30-year-old man with a tibia fracture and a deep wound over it

Which assignment made by the charge nurse would be appropriate for the licensed practical nurse (LPN)?

A 62-year-old type 1 diabetic with a bedside glucose meter reading of 285 who is due for sliding scale coverage

Which statements by the student indicate understanding of Raynaud's phenomenon? Select all that apply.

It can lead to diminished blood flow to fingers and toes with exposure to cold. It can precede the onset of a systemic disease. Cyanosis occurs as hemoglobin releases oxygen.

Which education will the nurse include about Lyme disease for a patient bitten by a tick?

A bullseye rash occurs in about 80% of infected patients at the site of the tick bite.

The nurse assists in performing annual wellness visits for patients and identifies that which patients are at risk for repetitive strain injury (RSI)? Select all that apply.

A dancer A musician A competitive swimmer A butcher

During a health-screening event, which assessment finding would alert the nurse to the possible presence of osteoporosis?

A measurable loss of height

What patient is at greatest risk for developing colon polyps and colorectal cancer and should have a screening colonoscopy every three to four years?

A patient with acromegaly

Which patients are appropriate for the nurse to refer to the burn center? Select all that apply.

A patient with burns of the feet A patient with an inhalation injury An elderly patient with third-degree burns

The nurse teaches a group of nursing students about shoulder replacement surgery and describes which ideal candidate for this type of procedure?

A patient with severe pain and a history of RA

Which persons are the most suited for diabetes screening? Select all that apply.

A person with hypertension A person who is physically inactive A person with polycystic ovarian syndrome

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse assess in a patient with hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply.

A positive bruit upon auscultation of the thyroid gland, A goiter, Clubbing of the fingers

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students about musculoskeletal trauma. The nurse determines that further teaching is needed when a student states that meniscus injuries are common with which type of athlete?

A swimmer

Which symptom reported by a patient would lead the nurse to suspect early undiagnosed type 2 diabetes?

A wound that will not heal

Which nursing interventions are appropriate for providing enteral feeding to a patient who is intubated and has burns of more than 5% of the total body surface area (TBSA)? Select all that apply.

Check gastric residuals frequently. Assess bowel sounds every eight hours Determine whether the nasogastric tube is in place. Increase the feeding to the goal rate within 24 to 48 hours.

A patient hospitalized with diabetes has become shaky, anxious, and diaphoretic. Which action would the nurse implement first?

Check the blood glucose level

A patient diagnosed with type 1 diabetes has had elevated blood sugar readings each morning for the past four days. Which intervention by the nurse would be performed initially?

Check the patient's blood sugar at 3:00 AM.

Which is a clinical manifestation of Cushing syndrome?

Hypokalemia

A patient presents to the emergency department after an accident with injury to the right leg. A radiograph of the right femur shows a fracture. Which does the nurse include during the peripheral vascular assessment of the patient? Select all that apply.

Color Edema Capillary refill

Which clinical manifestations of severe serum sodium level decline would the nurse assess in a patient who has cerebral edema associated with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? Select all that apply.

Coma Lethargy Confusion Headache

A patient is hospitalized with severe injuries to the ligament surrounding the hip joint. The patient can develop which syndrome if the fascia surrounding the muscle has limited ability to stretch?

Compartment syndrome

A patient with a long leg cast reports pain in the toes. The nurse discovers that the toes are pale and cool to the touch with intact pulses and minimal neuropathy. The findings indicate that the patient may be experiencing which complication?

Compartment syndrome

Which environmental factors may contribute to the occurrence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Select all that apply.

stress viral infections ultraviolent light exposure exposure to chemicals and toxins

When caring for a patient with burns to the back, the nurse recognizes that the patient is moving out of the emergent phase of burn injury when which occurs?

Diuresis occurs and hematocrit decreases

Which instructions will the nurse include when educating a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) about small joint protection?

Do not knit or sew for long periods.

Which instruction would the nurse teach a patient with Addison's disease about corticosteroid therapy?

Do not stop taking the medication abruptly.

Which defining characteristics are associated with the Somogyi effect? Select all that apply.

Documented morning hyperglycemia Avoided by consuming a bedtime snack Treated with a lower dose of insulin in the evening Documented hypoglycemia between 2:00 AM and 4:00 AM

Which symptoms would the nurse include in a presentation on type 2 diabetes? Select all that apply.

Fatigue Polyuria Visual changes Recurrent infection

an antimalarial agent may be prescribed for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to treat which conditions? Select all that apply.

Fatigue Moderate skin and joints disease

Which nursing diagnoses will the nurse include for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presents with worsening fatigue, sunburn, and malar rash? Select all that apply.

Fatigue related to chronic inflammation Impaired skin integrity related to photosensitivity and skin rash

A patient with a long history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who presents with an enlarged spleen and a low white blood cell (WBC) count may be experiencing which condition?

Felty syndrome

Which type of adult is most at risk for carpel tunnel syndrome (CTS)?

Female with diabetes

Which action is most appropriate for the nurse to take during the early course of the care of a patient who has sustained burns covering 35% of the body surface area and weighs 100 kg?

Administering 7000 mL of crystalloid IV fluids over the 8 hours after injury

Which intervention will be beneficial for a patient with a blood glucose level of 250 mg/dL who is receiving treatment for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome?

Administering IV fluids containing glucose

Which actions would the nurse perform as part of wound care during the emergent phase of treatment for a patient with partial-thickness burns on the hands and legs? Select all that apply.

Administer a tetanus antitoxin. Perform debridement as required. Assess the extent and depth of the burns.

Which nursing interventions would the nurse implement for a patient status after a subtotal thyroidectomy? Select all that apply.

Administer analgesics for postoperative pain. Assess for signs of tetany. Assess the patient every two hours for signs of bleeding

The nurse is examining a patient who is in a body jacket brace. The nurse suspects that the brace is applied too tightly based on which assessment findings? Select all that apply.

Abdominal pain Nausea and vomiting Increased abdominal pressure

Which condition occurs in hyperosmolar hyperglycemia syndrome (HHS) but not in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

Absence of ketones

Which condition is associated with the symptoms of numbness and a "pins and needles" sensation in the thumb, middle, and index finger, especially at night?

Acromegaly

Which complication would the nurse monitor for in a burn injury patient who is experiencing premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and shows signs of myoglobinuria?

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)

Which care goals are appropriate for a patient newly diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Select all that apply.

Adhere to the therapeutic regimen. Have satisfactory pain management. Maintain optimal role function and positive self-image. Demonstrate awareness of and avoid activities that worsen the disease.

Which tissue has specific receptors for insulin and is considered an insulin-dependent tissue?

Adipose tissue

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus presents to the emergency department with a 2-day history of vomiting, weakness, increased thirst, and increased urination. Serum electrolyte results include sodium 155 mEq/L, potassium 3.0 mEq/L, glucose 550 mg/dL, and sodium bicarbonate 10 mEq/L. Which nursing intervention is appropriate?

Administer IV potassium

Which treatment plan does the nurse expect will initially be prescribed for a patient with osteomyelitis?

Aggressive, prolonged IV antibiotic therapy

A patient reports muscle weakness and swelling and has a low serum potassium level. Which hormone may be the cause of the assessment findings?

Aldosterone

Which intervention will the nurse include when caring for a patient who was started on hydralazine for hypertension after a recent hospitalization and whose accompanying parent has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Alert the health care provider to the medication and family history.

IWhich medication may prevent future attacks of gout for a patient who developed gout while hospitalized for a heart attack and who is currently taking aspirin?

Allopurinol

The nurse provides postoperative care following a patient's total hip replacement surgery. Which nursing action indicates an effective intervention?

Allow the patient to use a pillow between the legs for the first six weeks after surgery.

Which integumentary change is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Alopecia

While caring for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis, the nurse finds that the patient is experiencing rapid, deep breathing due to dyspnea. Which physiologic cause does the nurse suspect?

Altered pH balance

Which patient has the highest risk for developing systemic lupus erythematous (SLE)?

An African American female

A patient experiences a greenstick fracture. The nurse reviews the patient's x-ray results and expects which finding?

An incomplete fracture with one side splintered and the other side bent

The nurse expects that which outpatient procedure will be ordered for a patient with intervertebral disc damage caused by lumbar spinal stenosis who reports bladder incontinence and constant back pain?

An interspinous process decompression system (X-stop)

Which symptoms would alert the nurse to a need for immediate action for a patient with Addison's disease who has developed a postoperative infection? Select all that apply.

Fever, Hypotension, Hypoglycemia

A nurse is attending to a patient with extensive burns. Which prophylactic treatment would the nurse plan to prevent a Curling's ulcer in this patient? Select all that apply.

Antacids H2-histamine blockers Proton pump inhibitors

Which condition does the nurse suspect in a patient with a traumatic ligament tear caused by a combination of excessive deceleration force and limb rotation?

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear

A patient reports pain of the knee. The nurse flexes the knee by 25 degrees and also pulls the tibia forward while keeping the femur stable. The nurse feels a soft forward motion of the tibia with an indistinct endpoint. The nurse suspects which diagnosis?

Anterior cruciate ligament injury

Which factor is considered diagnostic for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Anti-Smith antibody

Which statements by the student nurse indicate understanding of diagnostic testing for patients with scleroderma? Select all that apply.

Antibodies to topoisomerase-1 can be found in patients with diffuse disease. Mild hemolytic anemia may be present due to damaged red blood cells When there is renal involvement, proteinuria and hematuria are likely to be present.

The nurse assesses a patient who was brought in with burn injuries on the face, upper chest, and hands. The patient exhibits singed nasal hair and has darkened oral and nasal membranes. Which action would be the most appropriate for the nurse to take next?

Anticipate the need for endotracheal intubation and notify the health care provider.

Which type of medication may be prescribed as an alternative to an antimalarial drug for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Antileprosy

Which marker is found in a majority of patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Antinuclear antibody (ANA)

The nurse will educate a patient with fibromyalgia about which treatments? Select all that apply.

Antiseizure drug pregabalin Serotonin reuptake inhibitor Low-impact aerobic exercise Relaxation strategy (biofeedback)

A patient recovering from third-degree burns over 30% of the body is ready for discharge and asks the nurse, "What's going to happen to me? Will I ever look normal again?" The nurse recognizes that this patient is exhibiting which emotional response to the burn injury?

Anxiety

Who can serve as a health care proxy?

Anyone the patient chooses

When providing care for a patient who has undergone hip replacement surgery, which interventions does the nurse perform to prevent thromboembolism? Select all that apply.

Applies an intermittent pneumatic compression device Promotes early ambulation Administers low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), such as enoxaparin Administers a prophylactic anticoagulant drug, such as warfarin

Which action does the nurse take to prevent footdrop in a patient who has a long leg cast?

Apply a splint to keep the foot in a neutral position

Which nursing interventions would be included in the plan of care for a patient exhibiting exophthalmos? Select all that apply.

Apply artificial tears. Tape the eyelids lightly for sleeping, if needed. Ask the patient to exercise the intraocular muscles. Teach the patient to eat a low-salt diet.

A patient's partial-thickness burn injuries were debrided and covered with a silver-impregnated dressing a week ago. Today the nurse notes the wounds have been fully debrided. Which would be the nurse's priority intervention for wound care at this time?

Apply fine-meshed petroleum gauze to the debrided areas.

The nurse reviews the treatment plan for a patient with compartment syndrome and questions which items that are listed on the plan? Select all that apply.

Applying cold compresses Elevating the limb above heart level

Which questions will the nurse ask when assessing a patient with rheumatoid arthritis? Select all that apply.

Are you allergic to aspirin? Do you feel stiffness in your joints? Have you undergone any joint surgery? Are you taking any medications currently?

Which hormone plays a key role in the regulation of water balance and osmolarity?

Arginine vasopressin

A patient with a history of frostbite on the distal areas of the toes on both feet is scheduled for amputation of the damaged tissue. Which assessment finding or diagnostic study is the most objective indicator for locating the level of the patient's injury?

Arteriography showing blood vessels

Which condition may occur if treatment for Lyme disease is delayed?

Arthritis

Which interventions would the nurse expect to include in the nutritional plan of care for a patient with severe burns who has been intubated? Select all that apply.

Assess bowel sounds every eight hours Begin early enteral feeding with smaller-bore tubes. Begin the feedings slowly at a rate of 20 to 40 mL/hr.

Which interventions will the nurse include when caring for a patient following lumbar fusion? Select all that apply.

Assess extremity circulation. Monitor peripheral neurologic signs Report severe headache to the surgeon.

Which actions would the nurse perform for a patient who just sustained partial-thickness burns on the hands and chest caused by a fire? Select all that apply.

Assess for inhalation injury. Provide 100% humidified oxygen.

Which actions would the nurse perform for a patient who just sustained partial-thickness burns on the hands and chest caused by a fire? Select all that apply.

Assess for inhalation injury. Provide 100% humidified oxygen. Assess airway, breathing, and circulation.

A patient is being treated for a vertebral injury. After the application of a body brace jacket, the patient reports abdominal pain and pressure, nausea, and vomiting. Which is the nurse's priority assessment?

Assess the abdomen for decreased bowel sounds through a window in the brace.

Which action would the nurse take first when teaching the patient with type 2 diabetes to become an active participant in his or her care?

Assess the patient's understanding of the disease.

Which nursing intervention is a priority for a patient recovering from hypophysectomy?

Assessing for signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)

Which nursing interventions would be included in the plan of care for a patient recovering from a thyroidectomy? Select all that apply.

Assessing for tetany Monitoring vital signs Assessing the patient every two hours on the first postoperative day

A patient diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) has a serum sodium level of 130 mEq/L and complains of a severe backache. Which nursing interventions would be included in the plan of care? Select all that apply.

Assessing the patient's weight Positioning the head of the bed flat Restricting fluid intake to 900 mL/day

Which actions would the nurse perform when caring for a patient who experienced an inhalation injury and is not intubated? Select all that apply.

Assist in performing a fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Reposition the patient every one to two hours. Encourage deep breathing and coughing every hour.

Which intervention included in the care plan would be beneficial for the patient with diabetes who is on bromocriptine therapy?

Assisting the patient when changing position

Which drug would the nurse plan to teach a patient about who has been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism, asthma, and heart disease?

Atenolol

Which teaching will the nurse include for a patient with Paget's disease who has been instructed to wear a back brace? Select all that apply.

Attend physical therapy. Avoid falls and subsequent fractures. Examine the skin for damage due to friction.

Which pathophysiologic cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus is correct?

Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells

Which syndrome would be suspected in a patient who has Addison's disease along with other endocrine conditions?

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome

The nurse is caring for a patient with a reported fracture of the tibia. A plaster cast has been applied to the patient. Which interventions are important for the care of the cast during the drying period and immediately thereafter? Select all that apply.

Avoid direct pressure on the cast. Handle the cast gently with an open palm. Place several strips of tape over the rough edges.

When providing education for a community group, which general measures does the nurse teach to prevent injuries? Select all that apply.

Avoid driving under the influence of alcohol. Use seat belts regularly. Use safety equipment at work. Use protective athletic equipment. Drive within the posted speed limit

When teaching a group of elderly patients about techniques for preventing musculoskeletal problems, the nurse includes which information? Select all that apply.

Avoid excessive weight gain. Remove throw rugs in the home. Ensure an adequate intake of vitamin D. Change positions and rise to standing slowly.

Which instructions would the nurse provide to a patient undergoing radioactive iodine therapy in the outpatient setting? Select all that apply.

Avoid preparing food for others, Launder personal towels, bed linens, and clothes separately at home, Avoid being close to pregnant women or children for seven days after therapy.

Which instructions would the nurse include in a teaching plan for a patient who has a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and is newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism? Select all that apply.

Avoid using enemas. Avoid using sedatives. Take the prescribed medication before breakfast.

Which precautions would the nurse take to protect a patient with burns on the face and the ears from further damage? Select all that apply.

Avoid using pillows. 'Keep ears free from pressure. Elevate the patient's head by placing a rolled towel under the shoulders.

Which precautions would the nurse take to protect a patient with burns on the face and the ears from further damage? Select all that apply.

Avoid using pillows. Keep ears free from pressure. Elevate the patient's head by placing a rolled towel under the shoulders.

Which actions help to reduce the risk of osteoarthritis? Select all that apply.

Avoiding forceful, repetitive movements Maintaining a healthy body mass index (BMI)

Which nursing intervention would help prevent the sudden release of catecholamines and sudden hypertension in a patient with a pheochromocytoma?

Avoiding palpations of the patient's abdomen

Which finding is consistent with a diagnosis of hyperaldosteronism?

Hypernatremia

A patient with a fracture of the humerus is advised to have a cast made of fiberglass material. How does the nurse explain the benefits of casts made of fiberglass material compared with natural (plaster) casts? Select all that apply.

Fiberglass casts are lighter. Fiberglass casts allow early weight bearing. Fiberglass casts are relatively waterproof. Fiberglass casts are longer wearing.

Which degree of burn would the nurse document for a patient with erythema, pain, and mild swelling following a burn injury?

First

Which factor may cause an exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus?

Becoming fatigued

Which laboratory parameter assesses the function of pancreatic β-cells?

C-peptide level

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient with a painful deformity of the great toe with swelling of the bursa and formation of callus over the bony enlargement?

Hallux valgus

Which diagnostic tests help to determine the severity of osteoarthritis and plan the course of treatment? Select all that apply.

CT scan, MRI

Which clinical manifestations may indicate that scleroderma has developed for a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon? Select all that apply.

Calcinosis Sclerodactyly Telangiectasia Difficulty swallowing

Which condition is common in long-standing dermatomyositis?

Calcinosis cutis

Which medication may be prescribed for a patient with osteoporosis who has demonstrated a low tolerance to bisphosphonates?

Calcitonin

Which medications may be prescribed to treat Paget's disease? Select all that apply.

Calcitonin Bisphosphonates

Which laboratory finding may be associated with metastatic bone cancer in the left leg?

Calcium 11.0 mg/dL

Which laboratory abnormality will the nurse expect for a patient with morbid obesity and a history of hyperlipidemia who complains of muscular weakness in the pelvic region and of difficulty walking?

Calcium 7.0 mg/dL

Which form of supplemental calcium will the nurse recommend for a patient with osteoporosis?

Calcium carbonate

Which assessment finding does the nurse expect when caring for a patient who sustained a crush injury to the hand?

Capillary refill > 2 seconds

Which medication used to treat arthritis must be used at regular intervals for maximal effect?

Capsaicin cream

A nurse caring for a patient with hyperparathyroidism would monitor the patient for which complication?

Cardiac dysrhythmias

A patient who is in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is on a continuous short-acting insulin infusion and is receiving a continuous infusion of normal saline solution. Which assessment is the highest priority for this patient?

Cardiac monitoring

A patient with type 2 diabetes has a urinary tract infection (UTI). The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) reported to the nurse that the patient's blood glucose is 642 mg/dL and the patient is hard to arouse. When the nurse assesses the urine, there are no ketones present. What collaborative care would the nurse expect for this patient?

Cardiac monitoring to detect potassium changes

Which instructions will the nurse include when teaching a patient with arthritis about ways to protect the small joints? Select all that apply.

Carry your laundry basket in both arms. Slide objects instead of picking them up. Use doorknobs that are pushed rather than turned.

Which food item would be included on a list of foods that fall under the category of goitrogens?

Cauliflower

Which condition may be observed due to incorrect fluid replacement with hypotonic fluids in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Cerebral edema

A nurse, answering a patient's call bell, notices upon entering the patient's room that the patient is sweating profusely, pale, and anxious. The patient states, "I feel really dizzy and my vision is blurred." Which intervention is the highest priority?

Check blood glucose level.

A patient has sustained thermal injuries amounting to approximately 30% of the total body surface area (TBSA). Which action would the nurse take first?

Check for a patent airway, breathing, and circulation

The nurse will provide which education about Lyme disease to patients who are at risk for a tick bite?

Check for an enlarging reddened area with a clear center.

A patient is suspected of having fat embolism syndrome (FES) following a traumatic femur fracture. Which assessment data gathered by the nurse supports this suspicion? Select all that apply.

Chest pain Mental status changes Petechiae on the anterior chest wall

Which symptoms of drug toxicity would the nurse teach the patient who is taking levothyroxine? Select all that apply.

Chest pain, Nervousness Tachycardia

When evaluating a patient's technique of performing self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), which action by the patient would indicate a need for additional teaching?

Chooses a puncture site in the center of the finger pad

Which assessment would be a priority for a patient who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy

Chvostek's sign

Which medication used to treat osteomyelitis may place a patient at increased risk of tendonitis or tendon rupture?

Ciprofloxacin

Which medications may induce diabetes? Select all that apply.

Clozapine Phenytoin Prednisone

A patient with a 15-year history of diabetes has been complaining of intermittent pain in the legs. Which other symptoms would the nurse assess if the patient has the complication of peripheral arterial disease? Select all that apply.

Cold feet Loss of hair Dependent rubor

The nurse reviews the medical record of a patient and notes a positive Lachman's test. The nurse anticipates a prescription for a MRI to confirm the primary diagnosis and which coexisting condition?

Collateral ligament injuries

Which postoperative care is included in the nursing care plan of a patient who undergoes a finger joint arthroplasty?

Hand exercises for 10 to 12 weeks

Which symptom would the nurse expect to see in a patient suspected of having hypothyroidism?

Constipation

Which instructions would the nurse include in a dietary teaching plan provided to a patient who is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply.

Consume a high-calorie diet, Eat snacks high in protein, Avoid caffeinated beverages

Which information would be appropriate for the nurse to include in a teaching session about nephropathy as a complication of diabetes?

Controlling blood sugar and BP will reduce the risk of kidney injury.

Which teaching will the nurse include for an older adult patient about the prevention of osteomalacia?

Controlling weight to prevent obesity 3

The nurse has been teaching a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes to test blood glucose level. During evaluation of the technique, the nurse determines that the teaching has been adequate when the patient performs which task?

Hangs the arm in the dependent position for one minute before puncturing

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may experience which symptoms related to Raynaud's phenomenon?

Cyanosis of fingers

Which medication may be prescribed to treat lupus nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus?

Cyclophosphamide

Which conditions may cause a patient to develop diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.

Cystic fibrosis Hyperthyroidism Hemochromatosis Recurrent pancreatitis

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse anticipate while caring for a patient with third-degree burns? Select all that apply.

Hard, leathery skin Insensitivity to pain

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse anticipate while caring for a patient with third-degree burns? Select all that apply.

Hard, leathery skin Insensitivity to pain

Which nursing intervention is a priority for a patient just returning to the surgical floor from the recovery room after undergoing a thyroidectomy?

Have a tracheostomy tray at the bedside.

Which medication may cause psychosis for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Corticosteroids

Which medication should be used with caution in patients with osteoporosis?

Corticosteroids

A patient has thermal burns on the face, including the cheeks and the area around the eyes. Which action would the nurse take?

Cover the face with ointment and gauze.

Which clinical manifestation is associated with osteoarthritis (OA)?

Crepitation in the weight-bearing joints

Which assessment finding may be associated with osteoarthritis of the knees?

Crepitus upon movement of knee joints

Which assessment finding would alert the nurse to the presence of osteoarthritis (OA) in a patient admitted to the hospital after a fall?

Crepitus with knee movement

Which condition can lead to a secondary cause of diabetes?

Cushing syndrome

Which disorder is characterized by fat pads on the back of the neck, an increased abdominal girth, a "buffalo hump," and a "moon" face?

Cushing syndrome

Which symptoms would the nurse assess in a patient who has Addison's disease? Select all that apply.

Hyperpigmentation Weakness and fatigue Orthostatic hypotension

Which conditions may lead to a coma in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis if left untreated? Select all that apply.

Dehydration Metabolic acidosis Electrolyte imbalance

Which clinical manifestation is seen with Addison's disease?

Delusions

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with an erythematous symmetric rash, swelling around the eyes, and red, smooth patches on the hands sparing the interphalangeal spaces?

Dermatomyositis

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with fatigue and muscular aches in the shoulder and pelvis, and a raised, scaly rash on the knuckles?

Dermatomyositis

About which treatment would the nurse plan to teach a patient who is newly diagnosed with central diabetes insipidus (DI)?

Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP)

The nurse discusses amputations with a group of nursing students. The nurse states that candidates for amputation surgery are patients with which history findings? Select all that apply.

Diabetes Osteomyelitis Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

Which complication may arise if pheochromocytoma is left untreated

Diabetes mellitus

Which complication of diabetes can be treated with hyperbaric oxygen?

Diabetic foot ulcers

Which complication of diabetes can cause hypoglycemic unawareness?

Diabetic neuropathy

Which integumentary findings are included in the diagnostic criteria for systemic lupus erythematous (SLE)? Select all that apply.

Discoid rash Fixed erythema Raised butterfly rash

Which treatment would the nurse recognize as appropriate and within the scope of nursing practice when caring for a patient with partial-thickness second-degree burns to the chest, abdomen, and both anterior thighs?

Daily wound cleaning with debridement and sterile dressing changes

Which foods would the nurse encourage a patient with diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease to limit intake of to help reduce the percentage of saturated fat in their diet?

Dairy products

A nurse is providing care to a patient with a partial-thickness burn. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse anticipate?

Damage to epidermis and dermis involving varying depths

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students about knee arthroplasty. The nurse states that this type of surgery is performed to treat which patient condition?

Debilitating joint pain

Zoledronic acid may be prescribed for the treatment of Paget's disease to achieve which clinical outcome?

Decreased bone resorption

Which clinical manifestation would the nurse anticipate due to thrombosis in the capillaries of the burned tissue of a patient?

Decreased erythrocyte count

For which complication would a 35-year-woman who had a hypophysectomy and who developed a deficiency of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) be at risk?

Decreased fertility rate

A nurse notes decreased reflexes during the physical assessment of a patient who was admitted with a burn injury. Which is the likely cause for this clinical manifestation?

Decreased potassium levels

Which finding is of most concern when the nurse reviews laboratory values for a patient who underwent thyroidectomy 48 hours ago?

Decreased serum calcium

Which condition is the goal for treating hypocalcemia?

Decreasing the pH

The nurse notes a bright-red area with blisters that blanches with the application of pressure on a burn patient. The patient reports severe pain when the burn is exposed to air. Which type of burn is present?

Deep partial-thickness burn

Which definition describes osteoarthritis (OA)?

Degeneration of articular cartilage in synovial joints

Which term refers to the joint changes associated with osteoarthritis?

Degenerative

Which findings are associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? Select all that apply.

Dehydration Hyperglycemia Ketosis

Which signs/symptoms would the nurse expect to find upon physical examination in a patient admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Dry skin and Kussmaul respirations

Which medications would be beneficial in a patient with diabetes mellitus who complains of numbness and a tingling sensation in the lower extremities? Select all that apply.

Duloxetine Gabapentin Amitriptyline

Which symptoms may indicate involvement of an internal organ for a patient with scleroderma? Select all that apply.

Dysphagia Dental caries Esophageal dysfunction

The nurse would recognize which as clinical manifestations of a lower airway lung injury associated with burns? Select all that apply.

Dyspnea Wheezing Altered mental status

A college student, newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, has a headache, changes in vision, and is anxious, but does not have the portable blood glucose monitor with him or her. Which action would the campus nurse advise the patient to take?

Eat 15 g of simple carbohydrates.

Which instructions will the nurse include when teaching a group of adults about prevention of osteoarthritis (OA)? Select all that apply.

Eat a balanced diet. Avoid cigarette smoking. Maintain a healthy weight.

Which endocrine problem is more common in men than in women?

Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone production

Which action will the nurse include when caring for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who reports a persistently erythematous rash over the cheeks and the bridge of the nose which appeared after spending a day outside at a theme park?

Educate the patient that this is not unexpected for someone with SLE.

Which nursing intervention would be taken to provide relief to a patient who is complaining of a severe headache after a hypophysectomy?

Elevate the head of the bed to a 30-degree angle

An elderly patient who seeks care at an outpatient clinic tells the nurse, "I fell at home and now I have severe pain in the calf muscle in my leg." Which initial actions does the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Elevate the leg. Apply ice to the painful area

The nurse identifies that which interventions are appropriate for a patient who has undergone finger joint arthroplasty? Select all that apply.

Elevate the operative hand. Assess for signs of infection at the site of surgery. Teach the patient to wear the splints while sleeping. Assist the patient in performing hand exercises, such as flexion and extension. Teach the patient to avoid lifting heavy objects

The nurse is caring for a patient with a fractured femur. Which are appropriate nursing actions? Select all that apply.

Elevating the extremity Marking the location of pulses Assessing for compartment syndrome Applying ice packs to the injured area Giving tetanus prophylaxis if there is a break in skin integrity

The nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of impaired physical mobility related to decreased muscle strength for a patient who has undergone a total knee replacement. Which is an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?

Encourage isometric exercises.

The nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of impaired physical mobility related to decreased muscle strength for a patient following left total knee replacement. Which is an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?

Encourage isometric quadriceps setting exercises

Which action will the nurse include when caring for a patient diagnosed with fibromyalgia?

Encouraging the patient to reduce the intake of coffee and alcohol

Which key factors could be linked with diabetes mellitus type 1? Select all that apply.

Endogenous insulin is absent in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is more common with people of young age. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is diagnosed in 5% to 10% of the total diabetes cases. Requirement of insulin is mandatory in all the cases of diabetes mellitus type 1.

Which treatment would be done for a patient diagnosed with hyperthyroidism who presents with nonmalignant neck nodules that are less than 3 cm in size?

Endoscopic thyroidectomy

The nurse is preparing to move a patient who has undergone a right total knee arthroplasty from the bed to the chair. Which action does the nurse take to protect the knee joint while transferring the patient?

Ensures a knee immobilizer is in place

A patient sustains a second-degree (partial-thickness) burn. Which layer(s) of skin would the nurse inspect for damage?

Epidermis and dermis

Paget's disease is characterized by which effect on the bone?

Excessive bone resorption followed by bone regeneration

Which physiologic factor is related to the development of Cushing syndrome?

Excessive secretion of adrenocorticosteroid hormones

Which symptom reported by a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus is considered one of the classic clinical manifestations of diabetes?

Excessive thirst

Which instructions does the nurse give to a patient with a long leg cast to prevent edema and skin breakdown? Select all that apply.

Exercise joints above and below the cast. Apply ice on the fracture site during the first 24 hours. Elevate the leg above the heart on pillows for the first 24 hours.

Which intervention is beneficial for protecting the joints in a patient who has bilateral osteoarthritis of the knees?

Exercise regularly and maintain a well-balanced diet.

Which factor would the nurse explain to a diabetic patient might be the cause of the hypoglycemia he or she is experiencing?

Exercising without a carbohydrate-based snack

Which clinical manifestation is a classic finding in Graves' disease?

Exophthalmos

Which interventions will the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient with septic arthritis to prevent joint destruction and bone loss? Select all that apply.

Explain need of antibiotics to patient. Support the patient who requires operative drainage. Assist in early identification of the causative organism. Assess and monitor joint inflammation, pain, and fever. Suggest use of resting splints to immobilize affected joints.

Which findings are associated with stage III rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Extensive cartilage loss on x-ray

Which conclusion does the nurse make when reviewing a patient radiology report that reveals no evidence of callus formation after the second week of treatment for a bone fracture?

Failing to heal despite treatment

The nurse plans care for a patient who has a fractured femur. During the 24 to 48 hours after the fracture, the nurse monitors the patient for the development of which complication?

Fat embolism syndrome

A patient sustains a femoral shaft fracture. The nurse identifies that the patient is at risk for which complications? Select all that apply.

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) Nerve and vascular damage Problems associated with bone fusion Soft tissue damage Open fracture

Activity intolerance in a patient with hypothyroidism is related to which side effect?

Fatigue

Which interventions will benefit a pediatric patient who has Duchenne muscular dystrophy? Select all that apply.

Fitting for an orthotic jacket Prescribing corticosteroid therapy

Malar rash associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by what feature?

Fixed erythema, flat or raised, usually in a butterfly pattern

A patient's x-ray results indicate a fracture of the humerus due to a fall. When determining the neurovascular status, how does the nurse assess the patient's radial nerve function?

Flex and extend the patient's wrist.

Which side effects would the nurse assess in a patient who is on desmopressin acetate (DDAVP)? Select all that apply.

Fluctuating sodium levels, Altered mental status, Weight gain

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized patient with bronze-colored skin and signs of hyperpigmentation, especially in a sun-exposed area. Which drug would the nurse plan to teach the patient about in this case?

Fludrocortisone

The nurse is caring for a patient with a fractured femur who experiences fat embolism syndrome (FES). The nurse anticipates that which will be included in the patient's plan of care? Select all that apply.

Fluid administration Correction of acidosis Blood transfusions

Which parameter is monitored that would indicate a corticosteroid imbalance after surgery in a patient with Cushing syndrome?

Fluid intake

Which actions would the nurse perform when caring for a patient who received burns from hydrochloric acid on the hands and face? Select all that apply.

Flush affected area with lots of water. Remove all chemical particles on the skin. Remove all clothing containing the chemical.

The nurse is providing discharge education for a patient with a fiberglass cast and includes which information?

For itching, direct a hair dryer on a cool setting under the cast

Which complications are associated with hyperparathyroidism? Select all that apply.

Fractures Osteoporosis Kidney stones

Which intervention would the nurse take for a patient with hyperaldosteronism?

Frequent BP monitoring

Which type of burn injury would the nurse identify as occurring on the layers of subcutaneous fat, muscle, or deeper structures?

Full-thickness burn

Which alternative therapies will the nurse suggest for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis? Select all that apply.

Hypnosis Use of a firm mattress Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

Which type of pain is associated with fibromyalgia?

Generalized

After giving 6 oz of orange juice to a patient with hypoglycemia, the nurse finds that the patient's blood glucose level is 65 mg/dL. Which nursing intervention would be the most appropriate in this situation?

Giving an additional 15 g of carbohydrate

Which assessment parameter would the nurse review to determine how well a patient's diabetes mellitus has been controlled over the past two to three months?

Glycosylated hemoglobin

A nurse completes an assessment and notes that a patient's thyroid gland is enlarged. With which condition is this finding consistent?

Goiter

Serum analysis of uric acid levels is used in the diagnosis of with which condition?

Gout

Which course of action would be taken if a patient has developed Cushing syndrome due to the prolonged administration of corticosteroid hormonal therapy?

Gradual discontinuance of corticosteroids

A patient is hospitalized with severe bleeding in the leg. An x-ray of the leg reveals that the periosteum is intact across the fracture and that the bone is still in alignment. Which type of fracture does the patient have?

Greenstick fracture

Which hormone is secreting excessively if a patient with a pituitary tumor has developed excessive height and increased hat size and shoe size?

Growth hormone (GH)

Which effect does an increased level of plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 have on growth hormone levels?

Growth hormone levels are elevated.

Which cardiac parameters would the nurse assess to determine the adequacy of fluid resuscitation in a patient who has sustained burns? Select all that apply.

Heart rate less than 120 beats/minute Arterial line systolic BP greater than 90 mm Hg Arterial line mean arterial pressure greater than 65 mm Hg

Which type of nodules occur on the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of the fingers in a patient with osteoarthritis (OA)?

Heberden's nodes

Which disorder can result in primary hyperuricemia in the patient with gout?

Hereditary error of purine metabolism

Which types of foods would the nurse encourage for a patient who sustained a chemical burn on 15% of the total body surface area (TBSA)?

High protein and high carbohydrate

The nurse is caring for a patient with partial- and full-thickness burns to 65% of the body. When planning nutritional interventions for this patient, which dietary choices would the nurse implement?

High-protein foods

Which factors contribute to an increased risk for developing osteoarthritis (OA)? Select all that apply.

History of fractured right ankle Played football in high school and college Frequent exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with steroid use

A patient has sustained burns on the face, neck, and chest. Which additional assessment findings would alert the nurse to an upper airway injury? Select all that apply.

Hoarseness Difficulty in swallowing

Which patient signs and symptoms noted during triage would indicate to the nurse an upper airway injury? Select all that apply.

Hoarseness Difficulty swallowing Copious secretions

Which action is a priority for the nurse when caring for a patient with an acute systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flare who is tearful and anxious?

Hold the patient's hand and provide emotional support

Which factors may precipitate systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Select all that apply.

Hydralazine Procainamide Sun exposure Oral contraceptives

Which hormone has both mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid properties?

Hydrocortisone

Which condition may be linked to Conn's syndrome?

Hyperaldosteronism

Which condition shows a clinical presentation of purplish red striae?

Hyperfunction of glucocorticoids

Which condition is associated with decreased triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels and an increased TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) level?

Hypothyroidism

Which complications would the nurse assess for in a patient with metabolic asphyxiation? Select all that apply.

Hypoxia Hydrogen cyanide poisoning

Which stage of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with extensive cartilage loss and joint deformity?

III

Based on the information below, which finding would the nurse conclude places this patient at greatest risk for pseudomonal osteomyelitis?

IV drug abuse

The nurse is teaching a community group about immediate actions to be taken in the case of burns to more than 10% of body surface area. Which reason would the nurse provide for avoiding the use of ice on the burned body part? Select all that apply.

Ice can cause hypothermia. Ice can cause vasoconstriction. Ice can reduce blood flow to the burned area.

The nurse educator reviews a case study of a patient who presented to the emergency department with a severe fracture of the arm as a result of a fall. The nurse discusses the initial treatment plan that includes which intervention?

If unresponsive, assess circulation, airway, and breathing

When teaching the patient with diabetes about repaglinide, which instruction regarding the timing of the medication would the nurse teach the patient?

Immediately before meals

The patient presents to the emergency department with a femur fracture. Which nursing intervention does the nurse implement to prevent fat embolism syndrome (FES)?

Immobilize the fracture preoperatively

The nurse is caring for a patient immediately after the patient sustained a hip fracture. Which nursing action is performed first?

Immobilizing the affected extremity

Which condition would the nurse teach a patient about if the patient's diagnostic report shows a fasting blood glucose level of 122 mg/dL?

Impaired fasting glucose

The nurse cares for a patient who experiences a severe hip injury. Which condition places the patient at risk for avascular necrosis?

Inadequate blood supply to the bone

The nurse provides care for a patient who has sustained a fracture of the femur. Which interventions does the nurse perform to ensure a healthy diet for optimal healing of the injured tissues? Select all that apply.

Include 1g/kg of protein daily. Include foods rich in vitamins C and D. Increase calcium-rich foods in the diet.

Which symptom would the nurse assess in a patient with acromegaly?

Increase in shoe size

The patient is brought to the emergency department following a car accident and is wearing medical identification that says the patient has Addison's disease. Which collaborative intervention would be included in the plan of care for this patient?

Increased glucocorticoid replacement

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse observe in a patient during the emergent phase of a burn injury? Select all that apply.

Increased heart rate Decreased BP

An RN is teaching a student nurse about polyphagia in diabetes type 2 patients. Which reason regarding the occurrence of polyphagia in diabetes given by the student nurse indicates a need for further learning?

Increased levels of insulin in the blood

Women no longer routinely use estrogen replacement therapy after menopause to prevent osteoporosis because it may cause which clinical manifestations?

Increased risk for breast and uterine cancer \

A patient with diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 680 mg/dL and minimal ketone levels in the urine. Which other finding would the nurse observe in the laboratory reports?

Increased serum osmolality

Which pathophysiologic changes would the nurse anticipate while caring for a burn patient? Select all that apply.

Increased viscosity Decreased blood volume Increased vascular permeability

A patient who experiences delayed bone healing is scheduled for electrical bone growth stimulation. The nurse recalls that the procedure promotes healing by which mechanism of action?

Increases the calcium uptake of bones

A nurse is providing care to a patient who suffered burns to the perineum. Which would the nurse suspect the patient is at risk of developing?

Infection from urine contamination

Which effect may be observed if large amounts of endogenous corticosteroids are released into systemic circulation during surgery on a patient with Cushing syndrome?

Infections

Which action will the nurse include when caring for a patient with osteoarthritis (OA) who is taking sulfasalazine and reports an orange discoloration of the urine?

Inform the patient that orange discoloration of the urine often occurs with sulfasalazine, and there is no need for concern

Which intervention is the priority for a patient who has a severe headache and slightly yellow drainage on the dressing to the incisional area following a spinal surgery?

Inform the primary health care provider.

Which treatment would be done initially for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis who arrived at the hospital with clinical symptoms of dry mucous membranes, tachycardia, and orthostatic hypotension?

Infusion of 0.45% or 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl)

Which advice would the nurse give to the family of an elderly patient to help prevent accidental burns?

Install tap water anti-scald devices.

Which hormone regulates the normal blood glucose level in the body?

Insulin

Which factor may lead to coexistence of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia?

Insulin receptors do not respond to the insulin, and the production of insulin increases.

Which treatment is useful in decreasing the serum ketone level in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Insulin therapy

A patient with burns needs permanent skin grafting. Which types of grafts would the nurse expect to be considered? Select all that apply.

Integra AlloDerm Autograft

Which pregnancy complication is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Intrauterine growth restriction

Which pregnancy complications are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Select all that apply.

Intrauterine growth restriction Stillbirth and spontaneous abortion High maternal and fetal risk due to organ involvement

A patient with joint deterioration from osteoarthritis is recommended for a total hip arthroplasty (THA). The patient asks the nurse how this will relieve the discomfort. Which explanation does the nurse give?

It can provide significant pain relief for patients with joint deterioration from arthritis by replacing the ball-and-socket joint as well as the upper shaft of the femur.

Which statement is characteristic of metformin?

It decreases hepatic glucose production.

The nurse educates a group of nursing students about treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome. When differentiating between open release surgery and endoscopic carpal tunnel release surgery, the nurse lists which advantages of the endoscopic approach? Select all that apply.

It may allow a faster recovery. It may lead to less postoperative discomfort

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students about the osteotomy procedure to relieve joint pain and includes which information?

It may be used to correct a kyphotic deformity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient with osteoporosis about taking alendronate?

It must be taken with a full glass of water.

How is cryotherapy beneficial in the treatment of a soft tissue injury?

It reduces muscle spasms

Assessment findings of a patient with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury indicate the presence of tight and painful effusion. The nurse anticipates that the patient's treatment plan will include which intervention to relieve the effusion?

Joint aspiration

Which distinct feature of new bone are revealed in the x-ray of a patient with Paget's disease?

Large and disorganized

A patient with osteoarthritis is scheduled for a total left knee arthroplasty. The nurse assesses the patient carefully preoperatively to verify that there is no evidence of which condition?

Left knee infection

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus has received a prescription for a β-adrenergic blocker. Which issue would the nurse recognize as the major concern for this patient?

Lessened ability to sense hypoglycemia Incorrect3

Which clinical manifestation would the nurse assess in a patient admitted with hyperparathyroidism?

Lethargy and weakness

Which information would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient scheduled for a total thyroidectomy about recovery after the procedure?

Lifelong hormone replacement will be needed

A patient experiences tearing of a ligament as a result of shearing applied to a joint. Which diagnosis does the nurse suspect?

Ligament injury

A patient with a hip fracture has been treated with insertion of a prosthesis. Which findings indicate dislocation of the prosthesis? Select all that apply.

Limb shortening A lump in the buttock External rotation of the limb

A patient with osteomyelitis may present with which assessment finding?

Limited range of motion of the extremity

A patient with osteomyelitis of the tibia may initially present with which assessment finding?

Localized pain and warmth

A patient experiences an unstable wrist fracture. Which type of cast will most likely be prescribed for the patient?

Long arm cast

A bandage has been applied on the ankle of a patient for a sprain. The patient states that the ankle is swollen, numb, and painful. Which action by the nurse is priority?

Loosen the bandage

The nurse is instructing a diabetic patient who has infrequent voiding and a weak stream of urine. Which action by the patient indicates the need for additional teaching?

Loosening the abdominal muscles during voiding

A burn patient has lower extremity bilateral dressings and is receiving a continuous infusion of hydromorphone. Which medications would be appropriate for the patient to receive before a dressing change is initiated? Select all that apply.

Lorazepam, an anxiolytic, would be appropriate. IV fentanyl, a short-acting opioid, would be appropriate.

Which treatments may be recommended for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presents with a BP reading of 175/90 mm Hg? Select all that apply.

Low-sodium diet Complete metabolic panel Aggressive antihypertensive therapy with oral medications

A burn patient newly arrived at the emergency department is confused, has difficulty breathing, and has nasal burns. Which condition would the nurse suspect?

Lower airway injury

Tachypnea and cough are associated with which complication for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Lung disease

Which position is recommended for a patient with low back pain related to a ruptured lumbar disc?

Lying on the side with the legs flexed

Which arthritic disorder is transmitted by the bite of an infected deer tick?

Lyme disease

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who has been bitten by a tick and has a "bullseye rash" at the site?

Lyme disease

Which teaching will the nurse include for a patient with polymyositis about management of the disease at home? Select all that apply.

Maintain an upright position when eating. Choose foods that are easily swallowed. Assistive devices can be used to help to prevent falls Avoid aggressive exercises during the active phase of the disease.

A patient who underwent surgery for acromegaly complains of postoperative headache and running nose. Which actions would the nurse take to resolve the problems within 72 hours? Select all that apply.

Maintain bed rest., Elevate head of the bed to 30 degrees

Which expected outcome would be included in the plan of care for a patient with a pheochromocytoma?

Maintaining a normotensive state

Which instruction is highest priority when the nurse is developing a teaching plan for a patient with Addison's disease?

Managing lifelong corticosteroid replacement

interprofessional care for the management of osteoarthritis (OA) may be utilized for which treatment goals? Select all that apply.

Managing pain Prevention of disability Managing inflammation Improving joint function

During a follow-up visit, after a knee fracture, a patient reports an increase in muscle spasms. The nurse suspects that which action performed by the patient may be the cause of the increase?

Massaging the muscle

Which term describes repetitive physical activity that results in osteoarthritis?

Mechanical stress

Which drug may result in weight gain as a side effect?

Meglitinides

The nurse would monitor a patient who was injured using heavy industrial cleanser for which complications? Select all that apply.

Melting Protein hydrolysis

How does gender factor into the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA)? Select all that apply.

Men experience hip OA more often than women. Women have a higher incidence of hand OA than men.

A patient status post a hypophysectomy had drainage on the moustache dressing. Which complication is this patient at risk for if the glucose level of the drainage is 50 mg/dL?

Meningitis

About which syndrome would the nurse teach a patient who has symptoms of hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and abdominal obesity?

Metabolic syndrome

Which medication may be prescribed for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Methotrexate

Which process is related to nonproliferative retinopathy?

Microaneurysm

Which drug would be administered to control glucose levels in a patient with endogenous Cushing syndrome and who has a history of type 2 diabetes?

Mifepristone

Which medication is categorized as a starch blocker?

Miglitol

Which types of food and drinks would the nurse provide to the patient who is recovering from a full-thickness burn and is in a hypermetabolic state? Select all that apply.

Milkshakes protein powder high caloric food

When caring for a patient in the acute phase of a burn injury, which actions would the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Monitor for signs of complications. Continue assessing oxygenation need Continue to monitor respiratory status.

Which nursing inventions would be included in the plan of care for a patient who had a parathyroidectomy? Select all that apply.

Monitor intake and output, Ensure that IV calcium is available., Assess for numbness and tingling of the hands and mouth

Which actions will the nurse include when giving gentamicin through a central line? Select all that apply.

Monitor peak and trough levels. Evaluate renal function before starting therapy Assess patient for dehydration before starting therapy. Teach patient to contact the health care provider (HCP) if any visual, hearing, or urinary problems occur.

Which nursing intervention would be included in the plan of care for a patient who underwent a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy?

Monitor pupillary response and speech patterns

Which actions will the nurse take before initiating gentamicin therapy for a patient with acute osteomyelitis? Select all that apply.

Monitor serum creatinine levels. Check for symptoms of dehydration.

Which nursing intervention is most important for a patient with diabetes insipidus

Monitoring fluid intake and output

Which actions would the nurse take when caring for a patient status post a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy? Select all that apply.

Monitoring the pupillary response, Elevating the head of the patient's bed, Observing the patient for any signs of bleeding, Monitoring extremity strength to detect neurologic complications

A nurse working in a burn unit would identify which patients are at an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism? Select all that apply.

Morbid obesity Prolonged immobility

The nurse is caring for a patient with a dislocated hip. The nurse recalls that this type of injury is associated most commonly with which event?

Motor vehicle collisions

Which exercises will the nurse suggest to a patient with scleroderma? Select all that apply.

Mouth excursion Isometric exercises

The nurse understands that which fluid and electrolyte change occurs during the early emergent phase of burn injury?

Movement of sodium and water into interstitial spaces

A change in which clinical factor needs to be reported immediately to the health care provider for a patient who underwent spinal surgery yesterday?

Movement of the leg

A patient states, "I twisted my ankle while walking." Which assessment finding makes the nurse suspect that the injury is a third-degree sprain?

Muscle gap on palpation of the skin around the ankle

A patient experiences a nondisplaced fracture. Which condition can potentially displace the fracture in the patient?

Muscle spasm

The nurse is caring for a patient with a fracture who has a Buck's traction boot in place. The boot helps decrease which condition?

Muscle spasms

A patient is admitted to the hospital for a scheduled knee arthroplasty. To determine the type of assistive devices needed postoperatively for ambulation and activities of daily living, the nurse performs which assessments? Select all that apply.

Muscle strength in the upper extremities Joint function of the upper extremities

Which complication would the nurse be alert for in a patient with an electrical burn?

Myoglobinuria

For which complications would the nurse monitor an unconscious patient who suffered an electrical burn? Select all that apply.

Myoglobinuria Cervical spine injury Severe metabolic acidosis

Which symptom would the nurse teach the caregiver of a patient with diabetes to identify as a manifestation of hypoglycemia?

Nervousness and tremors

When teaching patients and caregivers about the strategies to reduce burn injuries, which essential instructions would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Never leave burning candles unattended or near windows or curtains. Ensure an electrical power source is shut off before beginning repairs. Check the temperature of bathwater with the back of the hand or a bath thermometer.

Which instructions will the nurse include when teaching a group of caregivers about the home care of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? Select all that apply.

Never place pillows below the knees. Perform aquatic exercise in warm water. Use lifts and elevators instead of the stairs.

Which manifestations would the nurse expect when admitting a patient with a full thickness thermal burn?

No pain, waxy white skin, and no blanching with pressure

The nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine to a patient newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The patient's resting heart rate is 110. Which action would the nurse take first?

Obtain a BP measurement.

A nurse is caring for a patient with second- and third-degree burns to 50% of the body. The nurse prepares fluid resuscitation based on knowledge of the Parkland (Baxter) formula that includes which recommendation?

One half of the total 24-hour fluid requirement should be administered in the first eight hours

A nurse is caring for a patient with second- and third-degree burns to 50% of the body. The nurse prepares fluid resuscitation based on knowledge of the Parkland (Baxter) formula that includes which recommendation?

One half of the total 24-hour fluid requirement should be administered in the first eight hours.

A patient with adrenocortical insufficiency who is prescribed hydrocortisone would be advised to avoid which medications? Select all that apply.

Oral contraceptives Oral hypoglycemics Anticoagulants

Which postoperative drug class is used in the pain management of patients following joint surgical procedures?

Oral opioids

A patient with tendonitis experiences a recurrence of symptoms. The nurse expects that which assistive device will be included in the patient's plan of care?

Orthosis

Which disorder is a slow, progressive noninflammatory disorder of the synovial joints?

Osteoarthritis (OA)

A patient with morbid obesity has an increased risk for which condition?

Osteomalacia

Which complication of Paget's disease may manifest as a tumor-like overgrowth in the bone?

Osteosarcoma

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a school-age child with Paget's disease who reports pain and swelling around the right knee after an injury two weeks ago that has become increasingly worse?

Osteosarcoma

Which joint surgery involves removing a slice of bone?

Osteotomy

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who comments, "I think my head is getting bigger. My hats don't fit me anymore"?

Paget's disease

Which subjective symptoms must be immediately addressed for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who arrives at the emergency department with a two-day history of intermittent fever, fatigue, and pain? Select all that apply.

Pain ratings Fever patterns Joint inflammation

Which knee assessment finding does the nurse expect for a patient who has osteoarthritis of the knees?

Pain with joint movement

Which knee assessment finding does the nurse expect for patient who is scheduled for knee arthroscopy related to osteoarthritis (OA)?

Pain with joint movement

The nurse recalls which description as the most accurate regarding a deep partial-thickness burn?

Painful with weeping blisters

Treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may cause which adverse effects? Select all that apply.

Pallor Petechiae Tarry stools

The nurse notes a patient who experienced a chemical burn is exhibiting decreased muscle coordination. The nurse would monitor the patient for which complication?

Paralysis

Which pathologic change is the cause of microaneurysms in nonproliferative retinopathy?

Partial blood vessels occlusion

The nurse will suggest which action for a patient with osteoarthritis?

Participate in physical therapy activities

The home care nurse assesses a patient who underwent a total left-knee arthroplasty. The nurse suspects dislocation of the prosthesis based on which finding?

Patient has shortening of the left lower extremity

Which nursing intervention would be included in the plan of care for a patient with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism?

Patient teaching related to levothyroxine

To which patient would it be dangerous to administer glucagon?

Patient with alcoholic liver disease

Which statements by the student nurse indicate understanding about the differences between dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM)? Select all that apply.

Patients with PM have a more severe disease than patients with DM." "Calcium nodules can develop throughout the skin in longstanding DM." Patients with DM may show Gottron's sign, which is absent in patients with PM."

Which actions will the nurse include when caring for a patient who has been on a high dose of corticosteroids for one week for the treatment of polymyositis and reports generalized weakness? Select all that apply.

Pay special attention to patient safety. Inform the patient that benefit of therapy is often delayed. Use assistive devices as a fall prevention strategy.

Which medication blocks the hepatic production of insulin-like growth factor-1 in a patient with acromegaly?

Pegvisomant

Which nursing intervention is the priority for a patient hospitalized with osteomyelitis who has a prescription for bed rest with bathroom privileges, with the affected foot elevated on two pillows?

Perform frequent position changes and range-of-motion (ROM) exercises

While planning physical therapy for a patient suffering from burns, which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply.

Perform passive and active range of motion (ROM) on all joints. Perform exercises during and after wound cleansing.

A patient with a cast for a fractured radius reports, "My fingers feel numb." Which is a priority nursing action?

Performing a neurovascular assessment

Which cardiovascular complication is related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Pericarditis

Which complication of diabetes can be diagnosed by the ankle-brachial index?

Peripheral arterial disease

A patient is experiencing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with decreased function of the joint. If the problem is not corrected, which complication can occur?

Permanent loss of function

A patient has undergone an arthroplasty of the knee with prosthetic replacement of the knee joint. Which does the nurse expect to find in the patient's treatment plan?

Physical therapy to achieve full knee flexion

Which medication is the drug of choice for a patient who has insulin resistance?

Pioglitazone

Which intervention may help to alleviate lower back pain caused by a herniated lumbar disc?

Place a 10-inch high pillow under the knees while the patient is lying on their back.

The nurse prepares discharge education for a patient with a hip fracture who has been treated by insertion of a prosthesis using a posterior approach. Which information does the nurse include in the instructions? Select all that apply.

Place a chair inside the tub and remain seated while washing. Inform the dentist about the prosthesis before any dental work. Keep the hip in a neutral, straight position when sitting or lying.

Which synovial fluid analysis findings are suggestive of rheumatoid arthritis? Select all that apply.

Presence of fibrin flecks Elevated white blood cell (WBC) count Increased matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-3 enzyme

The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a knee arthroplasty. Postoperatively, which does the nurse expect to find in the patient's treatment plan?

Progressive leg exercises to obtain 90-degree flexion

A patient has a dysfunction of the pituitary gland. Which hormone secretion may be altered in a patient with a dysfunction of the pituitary gland?

Prolactin

A patient reports to the nurse having visual problems and is found to have a compressed optic chiasm. Which condition could be the reason for this complication?

Prolactinomas

Which topics would the nurse include in an education session on managing type 2 diabetes with lifestyle modification to a group of newly diagnosed patients? Select all that apply.

Proper nutrition Regular physical activity Maintenance of recommended body weight

A patient suffering from pheochromocytoma is scheduled for surgery. Before the procedure, the patient develops dysrhythmias. Which prescribed drug would the nurse administer for this patient?

Propranolol

Which dietary supplements will the nurse encourage a patient with Paget's disease to take? Select all that apply.

Protein Calcium Vit D

A patient is brought to the emergency department (ED) with a suspected inhalation injury and burns on the face, the neck, and the hands. Which actions would the nurse perform immediately? Select all that apply.

Provide 100% humidified oxy Observe for signs of respiratory distress. Check for evidence of inhalation of smoke.

Which intervention would the nurse expect to incorporate into the nutritional plan of care of a burn patient who has been intubated?

Provide enteral tube feeding, starting at 20 mL/hour.

Which intervention would the nurse provide when caring for a patient with a burn injury during the acute phase?

Provide teaching about the physical aspects of recovery.

Which interventions will the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient with gout? Select all that apply.

Provide warm compresses. Decrease joint mobilization. Encourage increased oral water intake.

A patient with type 1 diabetes reports feeling shaky and lightheaded and is pale and sweaty. The nurse would take which immediate action?

Providing the patient with a glucose tablet

The nurse provides care for a patient with a mandibular fracture and prominent swelling around the mouth. The nurse collaborates with the dietitian and patient to plan a diet with adequate calories, protein, and fluids. Which does the nurse include in the plan? Select all that apply.

Prune juice Bulk-forming laxatives Liquid protein supplements

The nurse is caring for a patient who underwent a total knee arthroplasty. When transferring the patient from the bed to the chair, which action does the nurse take to protect the knee joint?

Puts a knee immobilizer on the patient before performing the transfer

Which teaching will the nurse include for an older adult patient with osteoporosis who has a sedentary lifestyle?

Quit smoking and reduce alcohol intake.

When teaching the patient about the use of range of motion (ROM), which explanations would the nurse give to the patient? Select all that apply.

ROM will show the patient that movement still is possible. Active and passive ROM maintain function of body parts. Movement facilitates mobilization of leaked exudates back into the vascular bed.

Which immediate postoperative risk would the nurse monitor in a patient who is returning from an adrenalectomy for an adrenal gland tumor?

Rapid BP changes

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with numbness, tingling, and blue discoloration in the toes and fingers?

Raynaud's phenomenon

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with a low-grade fever, conjunctivitis, arthritic pain in the long joints that is asymmetric, and who recently had a genitourinary infection?

Reactive arthritis

A patient with osteomalacia may be prescribed vitamin D3 and vitamin D2 supplements for which treatment goal?

Recalcification of the bones

Which instruction would the nurse give the patient with adrenocortical insufficiency and the caregiver regarding management of corticosteroid therapy?

Recognize edema and ways to restrict sodium intake

Which discharge instructions would the nurse include when teaching a patient with partial-thickness burns on the hands about rehabilitation at home? Select all that apply.

Recommend exercises. Take low-dose antihistamines. Protect healed areas from direct sunlight. Apply water-based creams on healed areas.

Which clinical manifestations are associated with diabetes mellitus type 2? Select all that apply.

Recurrent vaginal yeast Prolonged wound healing Candida infection Recurrent infections

Which assessment finding supports the nurse's suspicion that a diabetic patient has necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum?

Red-yellow lesions, with shiny atrophic skin

The nurse is caring for a patient with superficial partial-thickness burns of the face sustained within the last 12 hours. Upon assessment, the nurse expects to find which manifestation?

Reddening of the skin

The nurse evaluates a patient who reports twisting an ankle while walking. Besides edema, which symptoms would most likely be observed if a nondisplaced simple fracture were present?

Redness, warmth, and inability to use the affected part

Which clinical outcome is expected with treatment of Paget's disease with bisphosphonates?

Reduction in bone resorption

The patient received a cultured epithelial autograft (CEA) to the entire left leg. Which would the nurse include in the discharge teaching for this patient?

Refer the patient to a counselor for psychosocial support.

.Which activity pattern will the nurse suggest for a patient with osteoarthritis (OA)?

Regular exercise program that involves walking

Which activity pattern will the nurse suggest for a patient with osteoarthritis (OA)?

Regular exercise program that involves walking

A patient underwent a total hip arthroplasty (THA). The nurse expects that which interventions will be included in the patient's postoperative treatment plan? Select all that apply.

Regular neurovascular assessments Pain management strategies, which may include epidural or intrathecal analgesia, femoral nerve block, patient-controlled IV analgesia, and oral opioids or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Exercise of the affected joint Use of an abductor pillow Prophylactic anticoagulant drug for at least 10 to 14 days

Which goal of the treatment plan for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) would be the initial focus?

Rehydration through IV fluid replacement

A patient with osteoarthritis (OA) who experiences consistent knee pain undergoes an osteotomy. Which is an expected finding during the postoperative period?

Relief from pain

The nurse teaches a nursing student about the goals of surgical procedures on common joints. The nurse identifies that further education is needed when the student lists which goal?

Relieving acute pain

Which disorder is a major complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Renal failure

Which type of surgical repair is performed during hemiarthroplasty?

Replacing part of the femur with prosthesis

Which medication instructions does the nurse provide for a patient with osteoarthritis who is initiating treatment with celecoxib? Select all that apply.

Report persistent headaches. Take with food or milk Monitor BP Report tarry stools or bruising.

Which intervention is the priority for a patient hospitalized with osteomyelitis who has a prescription for bedrest?

Reposition the patient every two hours.

A patient with severe inhalation burns has been receiving treatment for 24 hours. When assessing the patient, which findings would indicate respiratory distress? Select all that apply.

Restlessness Increased agitation Increased rate of breathing

Which complication of diabetes mellitus can be monitored by fundus photography?

Retinopathy

Which side effect of high doses of antimalarial agents for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may be reversed when treatment is discontinued?

Retinopathy

The nurse reviews the medical record of a patient with bursitis and identifies that which history finding is associated with the condition?

Rheumatoid arthritis

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient with fever who reports fatigue, joint pain, and stiffness, especially in the morning lasting approximately three hours?

Rheumatoid arthritis

Which disorders may cause peripheral neuropathy? Select all that apply.

Rheumatoid arthritis Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Which assessment finding indicates that treatment with gentamicin for osteomyelitis in the left femur should be discontinued?

Ringing sensation in the ear

A burn patient with moist, red, shiny vesicles and blister formation reports severe pain when the site is exposed to air. Which type of burn would the nurse document in the patient's medical record?

Second-degree burn

Laboratory tests indicate a burn patient is experiencing hypernatremia. Which clinical manifestations would the nurse monitor? Select all that apply.

Seizures Dried, furry tongue

A patient who sustained burns develops a paralytic ileus. Which would the nurse suspect to be the cause of this complication?

Sepsis

After administering glucagon to an unconscious patient, the nurse would place the patient in which position?

Side-lying

Which assessment findings would alert the nurse to the presence of an inhalation injury in a burn patient? Select all that apply.

Singed nasal hair Increasing hoarseness Painful swallowin History of being trapped in an enclosed space

The nurse is assessing a patient admitted after inhalation of toxic chemicals. Which finding by the nurse indicates a lower airway injury?

Singed nasal hairs

Which self-care activities would the patient who has a neurogenic bladder identify to facilitate bladder emptying to help to prevent urinary stasis and infection? Select all that apply.

Sitting to void Using the Credé maneuver when voiding Tightening the abdominal muscles when voiding

Which symptoms may be observed in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? Select all that apply.

Soft and sunken eyes Lethargy Sweet fruity odor of breath

A patient's blood glucose level before breakfast is 324 mg/dL. The nurse reviews the electronic medical record and notes that the patient receives a high dose of insulin each evening at bedtime. The nurse suspects that the patient's hyperglycemia is most likely due to which problem with insulin therapy?

Somogyi effect

Which prescribed drug may be the cause of menstrual disorders in a female patient who is on drug therapy for hyperaldosteronism?

Spironolactone

Which organism may be causing bone pain that is unrelieved by rest and seems to worsen with activity for a patient who had a total hip replacement less than one month ago?

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Which assessment technique will the nurse perform to elicit a response for confirmation of radicular pain related to a herniated lumbar disc?

Straight-leg-raising test

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome is at increased risk for which clinical issues?

Stroke, heart attack, and gangrene

A patient with suspected systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who has persistent lesions along with malar rashes, photosensitivity, and mild systemic disease may be experiencing which syndrome?

Subacute cutaneous lupus

Which route will the nurse expect to give teriparatide for a patient with osteoporosis?

Subcutaneously

A patient is found to have a partially dislocated shoulder. How does the nurse document this finding?

Subluxation

Which condition is characterized by muscle atrophy and tendon destruction causing one joint to slip past the other?

Subluxation

The nurse is providing postoperative care two days after a patient underwent surgical repair of a fractured hip. Which assessment finding indicates the need for immediate nursing action?

Sudden shortness of breath

A patient with partial-thickness burns is now allowed oral feedings. Which nursing interventions would the nurse perform to maintain the patient's nutrition? Select all that apply.

Suggest a high-protein diet. Suggest a high-carbohydrate diet. Ask caregivers to get the patient's favorite food.

The nurse provides a case review for a group of nursing students about a patient with an extensive tear of the muscles around the shoulder who underwent acromioplasty. The nurse states that which history finding puts the patient at risk for arthrofibrosis?

The patient kept the shoulder immobilized for prolonged periods after surgery

Which disorder is characterized by excessive secretion of the hormone vasopressin?

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient whose laboratory values show an increased serum creatinine, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, the presence of anti-DNA antibody, and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)?

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A nurse is assessing a patient who was burned after contact with gasoline. Which complication would the nurse monitor?

Systemic toxicity

Following fluid resuscitation, which parameter would indicate to the nurse that the patient is in a stable condition?

Systolic BP more than 90 mm Hg

On assessment of a patient who has been complaining of "eye problems," the nurse notes exophthalmos. Which other abnormal assessments would the nurse expect to find in this patient? Select all that apply.

Systolic hypertension,Increased heart rate

Which clinical manifestations would be assessed in a patient who is in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? Select all that apply.

Tachycardia Kussmaul respirations Orthostatic hypotension Hypovolemic shock state

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse assess in a hospitalized patient experiencing exophthalmos? Select all that apply.

Tachypnea, Increased appetite, Bounding, rapid pulse

Which medications may be prescribed to treat butterfly rash and discoid lesions associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Select all that apply.

Tacrolimus Pimecrolimus

Which instruction, in relation to mealtimes, would the nurse give to a patient who is prescribed lispro?

Take it within 15 minutes of mealtime.

Which patient action may interfere with the therapeutic action of bisphosphonates?

Taking at the same time as analgesics

Which patient action indicates a need for further teaching about taking alendronate for the treatment of osteoporosis?

Taking the medication immediately before bed

Which interventions will the nurse include when caring for a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy? Select all that apply.

Teach use of orthotic jacket. Teach range-of-motion exercises. Recommend genetic testing for family members.

Which symptom is most important for the nurse to notify the health care provider about when caring for a patient with a history of hyperthyroidism who is admitted with a foot infection?

Temperature 103° F

After a patient's left ankle arthrodesis, which does the nurse include in the patient's discharge teaching?

The ankle must be immobilized until bone healing has occurred

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students and provides which description of carpel tunnel syndrome (CTS)?

The compression of the median nerve that enters the hand through the narrow confines of the carpal tunnel

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient following a joint replacement surgery. The patients asks the nurse why an intermittent pneumatic compression device is prescribed. Which explanation does the nurse give?

The device promotes blood return to the heart

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students about sports-related injuries and includes which definition of impingement syndrome?

The entrapment of soft tissues and nerves under the coracoacromial arch of the shoulder

The nurse provides preoperative teaching for a patient who is scheduled for a total hip arthroplasty (THA). The nurse discusses the expected hospital course and postoperative management at home with the patient. The nurse includes which information? Select all that apply.

The importance of deep breathing A preoperative physical therapy (PT) visit An upper extremity muscle strength assessment The use of a bedpan and bedside commode

Which precautions would the nurse take when performing wound care on a burn patient? Select all that apply.

The nurse wears personal protective equipment. The nurse uses sterile gloves when applying sterile dressings. The nurse uses nonsterile gloves when removing contaminated dressings.

Which statement indicates specific postoperative care for a patient who underwent finger joint arthroplasty?

The operated extremity will have a bulk dressing and must be elevated."

The nurse is teaching care guidelines to the parent of a child with hypothyroidism. During the follow-up visit, the nurse suspects that the child may be receiving ineffective treatment. Which action of the parent supports the nurse's suspicion?

The parent gives the child a thyroid supplement after meals.

Which patient condition may indicate that celecoxib should be prescribed for treatment of osteoarthritis?

The patient does not tolerate traditional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

A patient who works at a desk and uses a computer reports persistent pain and stiffness in the neck. Which action by the patient may be the cause of the symptoms?

The patient elevates the wrist when typing

Which findings would the nurse expect a patient with full-thickness burns to exhibit? Select all that apply.

The patient is shivering. The patient has low BP. The patient has absence of bowel sounds.

Which expected outcome would be included in the plan of care for a patient with Graves' disease?

The patient will demonstrate maintenance of weight

Which statements are accurate when describing glargine? Select all that apply.

There is no pronounced peak action time. It should be administered subcutaneously. If it does not achieve glycemic goals, the administration of a mealtime insulin may be required.

A patient who had surgery for the treatment of acromegaly asked about the possibility of becoming pregnant. The nurse's response would be based on which physiologic factor?

There will be a permanent loss of hormones

Which effect do counter regulatory hormones have on insulin?

They maintain the blood glucose level in the body.

Which drug dose would be reduced to lower the risk for diabetes in patients with hypertension and prediabetes?

Thiazides

Which class of drugs used to treat diabetes may be referred to as "insulin sensitizers"?

Thiazolidinediones

A patient who sustained burn injuries is receiving daily wound treatments and tells the caregiver, "The nurses enjoy hurting me." Which would the nurse suspect?

This is a normal reaction to an extraordinary life event.

Which condition can be prevented with anticoagulant drugs in a patient who underwent orthopedic surgery?

Thromboembolism

Which parameter would indicate the optimal intended effect of therapy with levothyroxine?

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) within normal limits

A patient with a history of hypoparathyroidism would be assessed for which condition?

Thyroidectomy

The nurse will notify the health care provider if a patient taking gentamicin develops which clinical manifestation?

Tinnitus

Which rationale is accurate for checking Trousseau's sign in a patient following a subtotal thyroidectomy?

To assess for parathyroid gland injury

The patient experiencing thyrotoxicosis asks the nurse why he or she is being given propranolol. Which answer is accurate when responding to the patient's question?

To block the sympathetic nervous system response to excess thyroid hormone

While caring for a patient with burns, a nurse wraps the patient's wound with tubular elastic gauze. Which are the reasons behind this action? Select all that apply.

To decrease pain To prevent blistering To decrease itchiness

A patient with a fracture of the femur has the extremity in skeletal traction and is encouraged to use an overhead trapeze apparatus. Which is the primary purpose of the overhead trapeze?

To facilitate independent movement while the patient is in bed

After administering an intramuscular glucagon injection to an unconscious patient, which rationale would explain why the nurse would then turn the patient on their side?

To prevent aspiration

Which rationale would the nurse give a patient who had a hypophysectomy to avoid vigorous coughing and sneezing?

To prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage

The nurse has applied Buck's traction to a patient who has sustained a fractured femur. Which are the main purposes of this type of traction? Select all that apply.

To reduce muscle spasms To immobilize and stabilize the fracture

Which are the goals of surgery in the treatment of chronic joint diseases? Select all that apply.

To relieve chronic pain To correct deformity To remove diseased cartilage To improve joint mobility

Which are the main objectives when performing a femoral osteotomy in a patient with hip osteoarthritis (OA)? Select all that apply.

To relieve pain To restore alignment To improve joint movement To shift weight bearing

Which statement by the student nurse indicates understanding of treatment of a malar rash for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

Topical immunomodulators can be used instead of corticosteroids to treat serious skin conditions

Which factors lead the nurse to believe that a patient with severe burns on the legs and feet may have full-thickness burns? Select all that apply.

Touch sensation is impaired. Lack of blanching with pressure is observed. Wounds appear waxy white, dark brown, or charred.

Which treatment would the nurse plan to teach a patient about if the patient is diagnosed with Cushing syndrome and the cause is found to be a pituitary adenoma?

Transsphenoidal resection

Which medications may be prescribed for a patient who reports feeling frustrated with unexplained, persistent, relapsing chronic fatigue not substantially alleviated by rest, and flulike symptoms? Select all that apply.

Tricyclic antidepressants Nonsteroidal analgesics Antihistamines

Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient with osteoarthritis (OA) about taking prescribed ibuprofen 800 mg every eight hours for pain?

Try to take ibuprofen with food.

\Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient with osteoarthritis (OA) about taking prescribed ibuprofen 800 mg every eight hours for pain?

Try to take ibuprofen with food.

Which dosage schedule would be recommended for the administration of glucocorticoids?

Two thirds of a dose in the morning and one third in the afternoon

A patient fell on the right elbow and reports severe pain. The nurse suspects a fracture of the humerus. During the neurovascular examination of the patient, which nerves does the nurse assess? Select all that apply.

Ulnar nerve Median nerve Radial nerves

The nurse discusses hip resurfacing arthroplasty with a group of nursing students. The nurse states that this type of procedure may be an option for which type of patient?

Under age 60

Which symptoms are associated with Reiter's syndrome? Select all that apply.

Urethritis Cervicitis Conjunctivitis Mucocutaneous lesions

Which test is more reliable to diagnose pheochromocytoma?

Urinary creatinine

Which assessment finding would be increased in a patient with diabetes insipidus?

Urine output

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) most commonly affects which body systems? Select all that apply.

Urologic Neurologic Integumentary Musculoskeletal Cardiopulmonary

Which nonsurgical pain relief measures will the nurse suggest to a patient with hammer toe?

Use a metatarsal arch support.

Which instructions will the nurse include when teaching a patient with lower back pain about pain prevention measures? Select all that apply.

Use a pillow for sitting. Bend at the knees when lifting heavy objects. Consult health care provider about exercising.

Which actions would the nurse take to protect the eyes of a patient with partial-thickness burns on the face, including corneal burns? Select all that apply.

Use antibiotic ointments. Instill methylcellulose eyedrops. Arrange for ophthalmology examination.

Which instructions will the nurse include when teaching a 30-year-old female patient with severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) about taking prescribed methotrexate for disease management?

Use effective contraception during and three months after treatment with methotrexate.

Which teaching will the nurse include when educating a patient with a new diagnosis of scleroderma? Select all that apply.

Use moist heat applications on your skin. Use paraffin baths in order to take good care of your skin.

Which nonpharmaceutical interventions may help to manage pain for a patient with osteoarthritis? Select all that apply.

Use of paraffin baths or hot packs Use of crutches or walker if required Regulation of a normal body mass index (BMI)

Which precautions would the nurse take when changing a burn wound dressing? Select all that apply.

Use sterile gloves when applying ointments and sterile dressings. Wear nonsterile, disposable gloves when washing the dirty wound. Always wear personal protective equipment, such as masks, gowns, and gloves.

Which instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan about emptying the bladder for a patient who has diabetes and a neurogenic bladder?

Use the Credé maneuver to completely empty the bladder.

Which instructions will the nurse include when educating a patient about capsaicin for the treatment of osteoarthritic pain?

Use the capsaicin at regular intervals.

Which skin assessment finding is common with dermatomyositis (DM)?

Violet-colored erythematous papules

Which factor is associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Viral Infection

Which medication increases calcium absorption into the bone?

Vitamin D

While assessing a patient with severe burns, the nurse suspects hypokalemia. Which possible causes would the nurse evaluate? Select all that apply.

Vomiting IV therapy without potassium Prolonged gastrointestinal (GI) suction

Which activity may be part of physical therapy for a patient with Paget's disease?

Walking

Which exercise will the nurse suggest to a patient with asthma, low back pain from a herniated lumbar disc, and hypertension?

Walking

Which form of exercise will the nurse suggest for a patient with low back pain from a herniated lumbar disc?

Walking

Which activity pattern may help to manage osteoarthritis (OA)?

Walking and swimming regularly

The nurse informs a patient who underwent an orthopedic surgery that the patient's prothrombin time will be measured daily. The nurse identifies that this type of monitoring is prescribed when a patient takes which medication?

Warfarin

When teaching a group of athletes about reducing the risk of sprains and strains before vigorous exercise, which instruction does the nurse include?

Warm up before exercise

Osteomalacia may present with which clinical manifestation?

Weakness in the pelvic girdle

A patient is admitted to the orthopedic surgical unit for a fracture of the left tibia. Which instructions does the nurse give concerning the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE)? Select all that apply.

Wear compression gradient stockings. Dorsiflex and plantar flex the ankle of the left leg against resistance. Perform range-of-motion (ROM) exercises on the right leg

Which condition is related to spinal vertebral fractures due to osteoporosis?

Wedging and fractures of the vertebrae over time

The nurse reviews the medical record of a patient with inflammation of the periosteal bone along the anterior aspect of the calf. When the patient reports persistent pain, the nurse anticipates which prescription?

X-ray to rule out tibial stress fracture

The patient states, "I want my partner to be able to make medical decisions in the event that I cannot." How would the nurse respond?

You need to have a written durable power of attorney for health care."

The nurse and health care provider plan to provide an antioxidant regimen for a patient with partial-thickness burns in the acute phase. Which antioxidants would the nurse identify as being included in the protocol? Select all that apply.

Zinc Selenium Multivitamins

A patient is admitted to the hospital with an open fracture. Which actions does the nurse take to prevent infection of the wound? Select all that apply.

administer prophylactic antibiotics before surgery Administer tetanus and diphtheria prophylaxis.

Survival in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is dependent on which factors? Select all that apply.

age sex race comorbid conditions

Which hematologic disorders are frequently associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Select all that apply.

anemia leukopenia thrombocytopenia

A patient with a goiter mentions losing 60 pounds in three months on a "raw food diet." Which foods, if eaten in great excess, would the nurse suspect as the cause of the goiter?

broccili

Which findings are associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.

excessive thirst, unexplained weight loss, frequent urination

How many diagnostic criteria must be present to diagnose a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

four

Which assessment findings may be associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? Select all that apply.

joint stiffness dry and itchy eyes rheumatoid nodules mouth infection and dental caries high white blood cell count

Which subjective symptoms must be immediately addressed for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who arrives at the emergency department with a two-day history of intermittent fever, fatigue, and pain? Select all that apply.

pain ratings fever patterns joint inflammation

Which body systems can be affected in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who become pregnant? Select all that apply.

renal pulmonary cardiovascular cns

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students about the removal of osteophytes from a shoulder joint and includes which information?

the surgical procedure is done in an outpatient setting

Which diagnostic studies are utilized in the evaluation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Select all that apply.

urinalysis chest x-ray serum complement ecg cbc