Med Surg Hesi Quizzes

A client presents with bilateral leg pain and cramping in the lower extremities. The client has a history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and varicose veins. To guide the assessment of the pain and cramping, the nurse should include which question when completing the initial assessment?

"Does walking for long periods of time increase your pain?"

A client who is receiving a screening test for tuberculosis (TB) asks the nurse what a positive reaction will mean. What should the nurse explain that a positive reaction indicates?

A previous exposure to the organism

A client with type 1 diabetes complains of hunger, thirst, tiredness, and frequent urination. Based on these findings, the nurse should take what action?

Determine the client's blood glucose level.

A nurse is collecting information about a client with type 1 diabetes who is being admitted because of diabetic ketoacidotic coma. Which factors can predispose a client to this condition? Select all that apply.

Excessive emotional stress Running a fever with the flu

A client is admitted to the hospital with a long history of hypertension. The nurse should assess the client for which complication?

Kidney failure

A nurse administers oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula to a client with emphysema. Which clinical indicators should the nurse closely observe in the client? Select all that apply.

Oxygenation Drowsiness Mental confusion

A client with gastric ulcer disease asks the nurse why the health care provider has prescribed metronidazole. What purpose does the nurse provide?

To treat Helicobacter pylori infection

What is the most important information the nurse can share with a client who is just diagnosed with hypertension?

"Continue with long-term follow-up care."

A nurse provides education to a client about how to prevent constipation. The nurse concludes that the teaching is understood when the client makes which statements? Select all that apply.

"I should drink at least six glasses of water every day." "I can include bran muffins in my breakfast daily." "I will walk every day as part of my exercise regimen."

A nurse is obtaining a health history from a client with the diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease. Which client statement provides evidence to support the identification of a possible contributory factor?

"I smoke one pack of cigarettes a day."

Isoniazid (INH) is prescribed as a prophylactic measure for a client whose spouse has active tuberculosis (TB). Which statements made by the client indicate that there is a need for further teaching? Select all that apply.

"I sometimes allow our children to sleep in our bed at night." "I know I also have tuberculosis because the skin test was positive." "I plan to attend a wine tasting event this evening."

A client who has had a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) experiences dribbling after the indwelling catheter is removed. Which is an appropriate nursing response?

"Increase your fluid intake and urinate at regular intervals."

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will be taking long-term oral corticosteroid therapy. After the nurse conducts a teaching session, which statements by the client indicates that the nurse should follow up? Select all that apply .

"My urine may become discolored." "I will lose weight while on this medication." "The medication should be taken between meals." "When I'm feeling better, I can stop taking this medication."

The registered nurse (RN) and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are caring for a client with diarrhea. After 2 hours, the RN communicates with the UAP and decides that the client needs immediate assessment. Which statements by the UAP led the nurse to this conclusion? Select all that apply.

"Temperature of the client is 105° C." "I have administered intravenous fluids to the client."

Before a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a client asks about what to expect postoperatively. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

"There will be an indwelling urinary catheter and a continuous bladder irrigation in place."

A client with a history of severe diarrhea for the past 3 days is admitted for dehydration. The nurse anticipates that which intravenous (IV) solution will be prescribed initially?

0.9% sodium chloride

A nurse gave a client the prescribed sodium polystyrene sulfonate. What assessment finding indicates that the drug has been effective?

A decrease in serum potassium level

A nurse is caring for a client with hypoglycemia. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate in managing the client's condition? Select all that apply.

Administering glucagon Administering IV glucose Administering oral hydrocortisone

The nurse is caring for a 76-year-old obese client with a history of epigastric distress, esophageal burning, binge drinking, and frequent episodes of bronchitis. A diagnosis of hiatal hernia is made. Which health problems most likely contributed to the development of the hiatal hernia? Select all that apply.

Aging Obesity

While a nurse is conducting an initial assessment on a client, which classic sign would alert the nurse that the client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Barrel chest

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What complications are associated most commonly with COPD?

Cardiac problems

A client with type 2 diabetes has been receiving insulin in the hospital while being treated for sepsis. The client's infection is resolving and the primary healthcare provider writes a prescription to discontinue the 7:00 AM dose of insulin and to administer glyburide 5 mg twice daily (8:00 AM and 8:00 PM). The nurse on the day shift (8:00 AM to 4:00 PM) administers the glyburide at 8:30 AM. When recording its administration in the client's record, the nurse sees that the insulin had already been administered at 7:00 AM. What initial action should the nurse take?

Check blood glucose for hypoglycemia.

When assessing the client with peripheral arterial disease, the nurse anticipates the presence of which clinical manifestations? Select all that apply.

Dependent rubor Ulcers on the toes Delayed capillary refill

A client has been given a prescription for furosemide 40 mg every day in conjunction with digoxin. What would prompt the nurse to ask the provider about potassium supplements?

Digoxin toxicity occurs rapidly in the presence of hypokalemia.

The registered nurse instructed the nursing student to care for a client who suffers from depression. During a follow up visit, the registered nurse finds that the client's symptoms have not improved. Which activity of the nursing student would the registered nurse relate this to?

Discouraging social interaction to avoid the client's distraction from outside environment

When admitting a client with benign prostatic hyperplasia, which assessment made by the nurse is most relevant?

Distention of the lower abdomen

A client is admitted with a tentative diagnosis of pneumonia. On admission the client is not in respiratory distress, but later develops chest pain and a fever of 103° F (39.4° C). A productive cough produces rust-colored sputum. How should the nurse interpret these findings?

Expected course of pneumonia

In a clinical study, subjects were given chlorhexidine and betadine as antiseptics. How will a nurse researcher categorize this research?

Experimental research

The nurse is caring for a client with peritonitis who had surgery two hours ago due to a ruptured appendix. Which clinical findings should the nurse expect to observe when assessing this client? Select all that apply.

Fever Urinary retention Abdominal muscle rigidity

A nurse is caring for a client who is having diarrhea. To prevent an adverse outcome, the nurse should most closely monitor what client data or assessment finding?

Fluid and electrolyte balance

A client is receiving a 2-gram sodium diet. The family members ask whether they can bring snacks from home. Which food item will the nurse suggest?

Fresh orange wedges

The school nurse conducts a class in nutrition planning for parents. What is the goal of school health nursing programs?

Health promotion

A client has been admitted with a diagnosis of intractable vomiting and can only tolerate sips of water. The initial blood work shows a sodium level of 122 mEq/L (122 mmol/L) and a potassium level of 3.6 mEq/L (3.6 mmol/L). Based on the lab results and symptoms, what is the client experiencing?

Hyponatremia

An injured client with an open wound is brought to the hospital. The doctor asks the nurse to administer a tetanus toxoid injection. Which step of the nursing process does the nurse follow next?

Implementation

Which step in the nursing process would involve promoting a safe environment for the client?

Implementation

The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus. What is the primary fluid shift that occurs with this condition?

Intracellular to intravascular because of hyperosmolarity

The nurse prepares a list of recommended foods for a client with hypertension who is starting a 2-gram sodium diet. Which foods should the nurse include in the list? Select all that apply.

Lean beef Mushrooms Cooked broccoli

An arterial blood gas report indicates the client's pH is 7.25, PCO 2 is 35 mm Hg, and HCO 3 is 20 mEq/L. Which disturbance should the nurse identify based on these results?

Metabolic acidosis

A client has been admitted with a urinary tract infection. The nurse receives a urine culture and sensitivity report that reveals the client has vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). After notifying the healthcare provider, which action should the nurse take to decrease the risk of transmission to others?

Move the client to a private room.

While obtaining the vital signs of a client, the nurse finds that the body temperature of the client is 98.6 °F. The nurse concludes that the client is experiencing what?

Normothermia

Which member of the interprofessional team in a palliative care setting serves as the client advocate, evaluating the physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of the client?

Nurse

On the third postoperative day after a subtotal gastrectomy, a client reports having severe abdominal pain. The nurse palpates the client's abdomen and determines rigidity. What should be the nurse's first action?

Obtain the client's vital signs.

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of dehydration and hypokalemia. Which statement/intervention is most accurate when administering potassium chloride intravenously to this client with hypokalemia?

Oliguria is an indication for withholding intravenous (IV) potassium.

Which responses should a nurse expect a client experiencing hypoglycemia to exhibit? Select all that apply.

Palpitations Tachycardia Nervousness

A nurse assesses for hypocalcemia in a postoperative client. What is one of the initial signs that might be present?

Paresthesias

A 50-year-old client with a 30-year history of smoking reports a chronic cough and shortness of breath related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The clinical data on admission are as follows: a heart rate of 100, a blood pressure of 138/82, a respiratory rate of 32, a tympanic temperature 36.8 °C, and an oxygen saturation of 80%. Which vital signs obtained by the nurse during the therapy indicates a positive outcome? Select all that apply.

Respiratory rate: 14 Blood pressure: 110/70 Oxygen saturation: 92%

The nurse manager working at a rehabilitation center for older adults notices an increase in the incidence of client falls. The nurse manager reprimands the nurses and staff responsible for the falls and places them on probation. Which statement best describes the nurse manger's leadership style?

The nurse manager exhibits autocratic leadership.

A client is scheduled to receive an intravenous (IV) infusion of potassium chloride (KCl) 40 mEq in 100 mL of 5% dextrose and water to be infused over 2 hours. Before administering this IV medication, it is a priority for the nurse to assess which of the following? Select all that apply.

Urinary output Last serum potassium level Patency of the intravenous access

A client newly diagnosed with tuberculosis has a productive cough. Which is the mostappropriate nursing intervention to teach the client?

Use disposable tissues

A client's laboratory report indicates hyperkalemia. Which responses should the nurse expect the client to exhibit? Select all that apply.

Vomiting Muscle weakness Irregular heart rate

A client is prone to hyponatremia. Which factors should the nurse identify that can precipitate hyponatremia? Select all that apply.

Wound drainage Diuretic therapy Gastrointestinal (GI) suction Inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) secretion