Med surg quiz 2
The nurse is reviewing the 12-lead electrocardiograph (ECG) for a healthy 74-yr-old patient who is having an annual physical examination. What finding is of most concern to the nurse?
d. The heart rate (HR) is 41 beats/min
On an EKG the P-wave represents what area of the heart? A. Left bundle branch B. AV node C. Bachmann's Bundle D. SA node
D. sa node
When looking at the electro cardiogram other patient the nurse knows that the QRS complex recorded on the ECG represents which part of the hearts beat
Depolarization from AV node throughout ventricles
The nurse includes the definition of HF in the teaching plan for the client. An accurate description of the mechanism of HF is that 1. there is too much fluid in the heart. 2. the heart cannot get oxygen. 3. the heart is unable to pump effectively. 4. There is too much fluid in the lungs.
3. the heart is unable to pump effectively.
A nurse is watching the cardiac monitor, and a client's rhythm suddenly changes. There are no P waves; instead there are wavy lines. The QRS complexes measure 0.08 second, but they are irregular, with a rate of 120 beats a minute. The nurse interprets this rhythm as:
A FIB
What area of the heart forms the PR segment on the EKG? A. Purkinje fibers B. AV node and Right and Left Bundles C. Apex of heart D. Bundle of His
B
A nurse is caring for a client who has valvular heart disease and is at risk for developing left-sided heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should alert the nurse that the client is developing this condition?
Breathlessness
A client with pulmonary edema has been on diuretic therapy. The client has an order for additional furosemide (Lasix) in the amount of 40 mg IV push. Knowing that the client also will be started on Digoxin (Lanoxin), a nurse checks the client's most recent: A. Digoxin level B. Sodium level C. Potassium level D. Creatinine level
C.
The SA node fires at a rate of? A. 80-90 bpm B. 40-60 bpm C. 60-100 bpm D. 60-80 bpm
C.
When looking at the electrocardiogram (ECG) of the patient, the nurse knows that the QRS complex recorded on the ECG represents which part of the heart's beat? A. Depolarization of the atria B. Repolarization of the ventricles C. Depolarization from AV node throughout ventricles D. The length of time it takes for the impulse to travel from the atria to the ventricles
C. Depolarization from AV node throughout ventricles
Which statement best describes the electrical activity of the heart represented by measuring the PR interval on the ECG?
C. The length of time for the electrical impulse to travel from the SA node to the Purkinje fibers
The nurse is administering a dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient with heart failure (HF). The nurse would become concerned with the possibility of digitalis toxicity if the patient reported which symptom(s)? A. Muscle aches B. Constipation C. Pounding headache D. Anorexia and nausea
D. Anorexia and nausea
. Dyspnea, cough, expectoration, weakness, & edema are classic signs & symptoms of which of the following conditions? a. Pericarditis b. Hypertension c. MI d. Heart failure
D. HF
The SA node is located in the Left atrium. (T/f)
False located in right atrium
You are caring for a patient admitted with heart failure. The morning laboratory results reveal a serum potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L. Which classification of medications should you withhold until consulting with the physician? a. Antibiotics b. Loop diuretics c. Bronchodilators d. Antihypertensives
Loop diuretics
What area of the heart forms the QRS part on an EKG?
Purkinje fibers
To determine whether there is a delay in impulse conduction through the ventricles, the nurse will measure the duration of the patient's?
QRS COMPLEX
Which of the following conditions is most closely associated with weight gain, nausea, and a decrease in urine output? A. Angina pectoris B. Cardiomyopathy C. Left-sided heart failure D. Right-sided heart failure
Right
Where is the SA node located? Right atrium Right ventricular Left Atrium
Right atrium
Depolarization of the heart muscle is when the muscle contracts and repolarization is when the heart muscle rests. t/f
T
A nurse is monitoring a client who is on telemetry. Which of the following findings on the ECG strip should the nurse recognize as normal sinus rhythm?
The P wave falls before the QRS complex
In 1st degree AV heart block, the p-waves are always accompanied by the QRS complex.* (T/f)
True
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect ? a. Frothy sputum b.Dependent edema c.Nocturnal polyuria d.Jugular distension
a frothy sputum
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following is a manifestation of this? (she changed the answer choices for this, can't find online but that's the correct answer) A. dependant edema B. nagging cough C. jugular venous neck distention D. nocturnal polyuria
b nagging cough
A patient is diagnosed with heart failure after being admitted to the hospital for shortness of breath and fatigue. Which teaching strategy, if implemented by the nurse, is most likely to be effective? a. Assure the patient that the nurse is an expert on management of heart failure. b. Teach the patient at each meal about the amounts of sodium in various foods. c. Discuss the importance of medication control in maintenance of long-term health. d. Refer the patient to a home health nurse for instructions on diet and fluid restrictions.
b. Teach the patient at each meal about the amounts of sodium in various foods.
A nurse is interpreting a clients ECG strip. Which of the following components of the ECG should the nurse examine to determine the time it takes for ventricular depolarization and repolarization?
qt interval
A patient reports having crushing chest pain that radiates to the jaw. You administer sublingual nitroglycerin and obtain a 12 lead EKG. Which of the following EKG findings confirms your suspicion of a possible myocardial infraction?*
st segment elevation
In 3rd degree heart block, the SA node generates impulses but those impulses do not go to the ventricles. Therefore, the atrial and ventricles are independent.* True False
true
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has decreased cardiac output related to heart failure. What should the nurse recognize about cardiac output? A. It is calculated by multiplying the patient's stroke volume by the heart rate. B. It is the average amount of blood ejected during one complete cardiac cycle. C. It is determined by measuring the electrical activity of the heart and the patient's heart rate. D. It is the patient's average resting heart rate multiplied by the patient's mean arterial blood pressure.
A. It is calculated by multiplying the patient's stroke volume by the heart rate.
A nurse is assessing an electrocardiogram rhythm strip. The P waves and QRS complexes are regular. The PR interval is 0.16 second, and QRS complexes measure 0.06 second. The overall heart rate is 64 beats per minute. The nurse assesses the cardiac rhythm as:
A. Normal sinus rhythm
- What is the correct sequence of electrical conduction of the heart?
A. SA node, internodal pathways, AV node, Bundle of His, Right and Left Bundle Branch, Purkinje fibers
What area of the heart's electrical conduction is known as the "pacemaker" of the heart? A. SA node B. AV node C. Purknije Fibers D. Bundle of His
A. sa node
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a potassium level of 2.4 mEq/L. The nurse should identify which of the following medications as the cause of the client's low potassium level?
Furosemide
A patient with a recent diagnosis of heart failure has been prescribed furosemide (Lasix) in an effort to physiologically do what for the patient? a. Reduce preload. b. Decrease afterload. c. Increase contractility. d. Promote vasodilation.
a. Reduce preload.
During a visit to a 78-yr-old patient with chronic heart failure, the home care nurse finds that the patient has ankle edema, a 2-kg weight gain over the past 2 days, and complains of "feeling too tired to get out of bed." Based on these data, a correct nursing diagnosis for the patient is a. activity intolerance related to fatigue. b. impaired skin integrity related to edema. c. disturbed body image related to weight gain. d. impaired gas exchange related to dyspnea on exertion.
a. activity intolerance related to fatigue.
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin . Which of the following statements by the client indicates an adverse effect of the medication ?
a.I feel nauseated and have no appetite.
Nurse is interpreting the ECG strip of a client who has bradycardia. Which of the following cardiac components should the nurse identify as the role of the P wave
atrial depolarization
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has congestive heart failure. Which of the following statements by the client indicates to the nurse that the teaching was effective? a."I will do all of my activities in the morning and rest every afternoon." b."I should attempt to exercise every day of the week." c."I plan to slow down if I am tired the day after exercising." d."I will take my diuretic before sleep and drink fluids during the day."
c."I plan to slow down if I am tired the day after exercising."
