Medeiros exam 2
Blitzkreig
"Lighting Wars" type of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939
14 points
(1918) President Woodrow Wilson's plan for organizing post World War I Europe and for avoiding future wars. wight points focused on resolving territorial issues among the countries involved in combat, securing borders for Italy, turkey, Poland, and Austria Hungary. the other five focused on ways to gain world peace such as open treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade, reduction of armaments.
Armistice Day
11am, November 11, 1918 (11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918)
Campaign in Italy
1805; wants to control all of Italy; defeats Austria and GB; crowned "King of Italy"
Scopes Trial
1925 court case in which Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan debated the issue of teaching evolution in public schools
Dust Bowl
A drought in the 1930s that turned the Great Planes very dry.
Trench Warfare
A form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches dug in the battlefield.
Consumerism and Credit
A movement advocating greater protection of the interests of consumers/ An arrangement to receive cash, goods, or services now and pay for them in the future.
Harlem Renaissance
A period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished
Nativism
A policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones
TDR square deal
A program that included a promise to battle large combinations (trusts) which threatened to restrain trade
Manhattan Project
A secret U.S. project for the construction of the atomic bomb.
appeasement
Accepting demands in order to avoid conflict
Margaret Sanger
American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood.
Battle of Britain
An aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance.
How did automobiles change the nation
Automobiled encouraged families to take many more vacations than ever before, as well as making going to work easier. Caused people to spread out of suburbs. Many accommodations had to be mades for vehicles such as filling stations, traffic lights/signs, and paved roads.
Pearl Harbor
Base in hawaii that was bombed by japan on December 7, 1941, which eagered America to enter the war.
hoovervilles
Depression shantytowns, named after the president whom many blamed for their financial distress
Rise of the KKK
During the Early 1900s there was a large amount of immigration from Europe to America. The KKK claimed that these immigrants would influence America. They believed that white protestant Americans were the only so called real Americans and as a result they attacked Catholics, Jews, and any other religious denomination that they saw fit. They also continued their oppression of Blacks. More focused in the Midwest. By 1924 there were roughly 4,000,000 members of this "club." Must be white and Protestant to be a real American
Ending the war in the pacific
FDR died in the beginning of his FOURTH term Truman took over and had two options of how to attack Japan
Roosevelt Corollary
Foreign police declaration issued by TDR that stated in cases of chronic wrongdoing by a Latin American country, the US could intervene
reasons for Americas entry into WW1
Germany's submarine attacks on American ships
Alphabet agencies
Government agencies that came to be known by the first initials of their names. (CCC Civilian Conservation Corps, CWA Civil Works Administration, WPA Work Progress Administration, AAA Agricultural Adjustment Administration, TVA Tennesse Value Authority)
The Brain Trust
Group of expert policy advisers who worked with FDR in the 1930s to end the great depression
Wilson
How he won: He dominated in the south and won the swing states. Campaign promises: not to send boys to war, and putting America back to work
Causes of WW1 in Europe
Imperialism
Bonus Marchers
In the spring of 1932, 20,000 unemployed World War I veterans descended on Washington to demand early payment of a bonus due in 1945, only to be driven away by federal soldiers led by the army's chief of staff, Douglas MacArthur.
bonus marchers
In the spring of 1932, 20,000 unemployed World War I veterans descended on Washington to demand early payment of a bonus due in 1945, only to be driven away by federal soldiers led by the army's chief of staff, Douglas MacArthur.
Sacco and Vanzetti
Italian radicals who became symbols of the Red Scare of the 1920s; arrested (1920), tried and executed (1927) for a robbery/murder, they were believed by many to have been innocent but convicted because of their immigrant status and radical political beliefs.
Prohibition start to end
Jan. 17 1920- Dec. 5 1933 with passage of the volstead act
D-Day
June 6, 1944 - Led by Eisenhower, over a million troops (the largest invasion force in history) stormed the beaches at Normandy and began the process of re-taking France. The turning point of World War II.
Selective Service
Law passed by Congress in 1917 that required all men from ages 21 to 30 to register for the military draft
truman and ending the war
President Harry Truman had many alternatives at his disposal for ending the war: invade the Japanese mainland, hold a demonstration of the destructive power of the atomic bomb for Japanese dignitaries, drop an atomic bomb on selected industrial Japanese cities, bomb and blockade the islands, wait for Soviet entry into the war on August 15, or mediate a compromised peace. Operation Olympia, a full scale landing of United States armed forces, was already planned for Kyushu on November 1, 1945 and a bomb and blockade plan had already been instituted over the Japanese mainland for several months. August 6, the first atomic bomb, nicknamed Little Boy, was dropped on the city of Hiroshima. Leveling over 60 percent of the city, 70,000 residents died instantaneously in a searing flash of heat. Three days later, on August 9, a second bomb, Fat Man, was dropped on Nagasaki. Over 20,000 people died instantly. In the successive weeks, thousands more Japanese died from the after effects of the radiation exposure of the blast.
FDR and New Deal
President Roosevelt signed in this program to help with the problems that stemmed from the Great Depression. The goals were 1) Provide relief for the needy 2)help the economy recover 3) create financial reform
14 points
President Woodrow Wilson's plan for organizing post World War I Europe and for avoiding future wars.
Double V
Refers to the "V for victory" sign prominently displayed by countries fighting "for victory over aggression, slavery, and tyranny," but adopts a second "V" to represent the double victory for African Americans fighting for freedom overseas and at home.
dictators
Rulers with almost absolute power
Main arguments against new deal
The New Deal also faced a lot of opposition from the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court took its stance from a legal viewpoint and in 1935 it effectively declared the National Recovery Administration (NRA) illegal.11 out of 16 of the Alphabet Laws were decreed unconstitutional in cases heard by the Supreme Court. The argument of the Supreme Court was that Roosevelt had tried to impose the power of the federal government on state governments - and this was unconstitutional.
Fighting in the pacific
US used a war strategy called island hopping
Court Packing
Where FDR tried to add more members to the Supreme Court to pass his programs.
Changing roles of women in the 20th century
Women were able to exit their household positions and enter new and exciting career fields such as teaching, social work. and politics.
Flappers
Young women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashion
Plessy v. Ferguson
a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal
lend lease
allows America to sell, lend, or lease arms or other war supplies to any nation considered "vital to the defense of the U.S."
actual causes of the Great Depression
banks failing and collapsing due to the stock market crash, reduced purchasing,
c&e of triangle shirtwaist factory fire
cause: fire started in bin of cotton scraps from a cigarette butt. 146 death toll. the factory owners were invited for manslaughter- found not guilty.
Building of the Hoover Dam
construction began in 1930, 21,000 men worked on it for five years, though it was in creation for nearly 30 years, creating the largest dam of its time.
Red scare
fear that communists were working to destroy the American way of life
market crash
happens when stock prices have dropped dramatically
Fascists
members of a political party in Italy who preached that the nation and the race were more important then the individual
Women's Suffrage Movement
movement to grant women the right to vote
Cash and Carry
policy adopted by the United States in 1939 to preserve neutrality while aiding the Allies. Britain and France could buy goods from the United States if they paid in full and transported them.
Campaign in North Africa
series of battles for the control of North Africa
