Medical-Surgical: Endocrine

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values for a client who has hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome. The nurse should expect that which of the following laboratory values is consistent with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome?

Blood glucose 320 mg/dl R: The client who has hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome should have a blood glucose level greater than 250 mg/dl which will cause spilling of ketones in the urine and development of metabolic acidosis.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus about the pathophysiology of the disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

My cells are resistant to the effects of insulin

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about exercise. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Wear a medical alert identification tag when you exercise.

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a parathyroidectomy to treat hyperparathyroidism. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect to decrease as a therapeutic effect of the procedure?

Calcium

A nurse is preparing a 24 hour urine specimen for a client who is suspected to have pheochromocytoma. Which of the following laboratory tests from the 24 hour urine specimen should the nurse used to determine the clients condition?

Catecholamine metabolites The nurse should expect the 24 hour urine specimen to test for catecholamine metabolites. The test is used to determine if the client has pheochromocytoma, which measures of the level of catecholamines(epinephrine and norepinephrine), which are hormones that regulate blood pressure and heart rate.

A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has Cushing's syndrome due to chronic corticosteroid use. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Check for hypertension Hypertension can indicate fluid volume overload

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a bilateral adrenalectomy. The nurse should expect to administer glucocorticoids following the procedure to enhance which of the following therapeutic effects?

Compensate for decrease in cortisol levels

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has Graves' disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect the client to display?

Difficulty sleeping The client who has Graves' disease can have difficulty sleeping and anxiety due to the overproduction of thyroid hormone

A nurse is checking a client who has Graves' disease for the development of a thyroid storm. The nurse should report which of the following findings to the provider?

Fever

A nurse is checking laboratory values to determine if a client who has diabetes mellitus is adhering to the treatment plan. Which of the following test should the nurse use to make this determination?

Glycosylated hemoglobin levels

A nurse is monitoring a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hyponatremia The client who has SIADH will have hyponatremia caused by the excessive release of an anti-diuretic hormone. As a result the client retains water that causes dilutional hyponatremia

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has manifestations of acromegaly. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Increased head size

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about hypoglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?

Irritability R: The client who has irritability is displaying an early manifestation of hypoglycemia for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Other early manifestations include fatigue, headache, difficulty thinking, sweating and nausea.

A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a community health screening for a group of clients who are at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. which of the following clients should the nurse include in the screening?

Men and women who are obese.

A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who is experiencing the Somogyi effect and takes intermittent acting insulin. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?

Monitor the clients nighttime blood glucose levels The Somogyi effect is a swing of high blood glucose level in the morning after an extremely low blood glucose level during the night. The swing is caused by the release of stress hormones to counter low glucose levels.

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor?

Polyuria R: Diabetes insipidus is characterized by increased thirst (polydipsia) and increased urine (polyuria) The client who has diabetes insipidus will excrete large quantities of urine with very low specific gravity.

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following skin manifestations should the nurse expect to find?

Purple striae on the chest and abdomen The client who has Cushing's disease should have purple striae on the chest and abdomen because cortisol destroys collagen under the skin.

A nurse is caring for a client who had a thyroidectomy to treat hyperthyroidism caused by adenoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? SATA

Tachycardia and hypertension Laryngeal stridor and hoarseness Positive Trousseau's sign

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has Addison's disease about healthy snack foods. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Turkey and cheese sandwich A turkey and cheese sandwich is high in protein, carbohydrates, and sodium. The client who has Addison's disease requires a diet low in potassium and high in sodium carbohydrates and proteins.

A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and is displaying manifestations of hyperglycemia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client has hyperglycemia?

increased urination Increased urination, or polyuria, is a manifestation of hyperglycemia due to a deficiency of insulin, which can lead to osmotic diuresis.