Medical-Surgical Nursing, 13th PrepU Chapter 15

Which type of vaccine uses the patient's own cancer cells that are prepared for injection back into the patient?

Autologous

Which type of vaccine uses the patient's own cancer cells, which are prepared for injection, back into the patient?

Autologous

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a platelet count of 30,000/mm3. Which statement by the client indicates a need for additional teaching?

"I floss my teeth every morning."

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for chemotherapy. Which is the best statement the nurse can make about the client experiencing chemotherapy-induced alopecia?

"The hair loss is temporary."

A patient is undergoing chemotherapy treatment for prostate cancer and has lost considerable weight due to nausea and vomiting. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate for the patient?

Adjusting meal plan before/after chemotherapy

After cancer chemotherapy, a client experiences nausea and vomiting. The nurse should assign highest priority to which intervention?

Administering metoclopramide and dexamethasone as ordered

Which of the following is a sign or symptoms of septic shock?

Altered mental status

Which of the following terms refers to cells that lack normal cellular characteristics and differ in shape and organization with respect to their cells of origin?

Anaplasia

A client complains of sporadic epigastric pain, yellow skin, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and fatigue. Suspecting gallbladder disease, the physician orders a diagnostic workup, which reveals gallbladder cancer. Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for this client?

Anticipatory grieving

The nurse is evaluating bloodwork results of a patient with cancer who is receiving chemotherapy. The patient's platelet count is 60,000/mm3. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?

Avoiding use of products containing aspirin

The patient diagnosed with thrombocytopenia is at risk for which of the following adverse effects:

Bleeding

Which of the following does a nurse thoroughly evaluate before a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) procedure?

Blood studies

A client undergoes a biopsy of a suspicious lesion. The biopsy report classifies the lesion according to the TNM staging system as follows: TIS, N0, M0. What does this classification mean?

Carcinoma in situ, no abnormal regional lymph nodes, and no evidence of distant metastasis

Which of the following occurs when there is accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space that compresses the heart?

Cardiac tamponade

Which oncologic emergency involves the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space?

Cardiac tamponade

A cancer client makes the following statement to the nurse: "I guess I will tell my doctor to forego the chemotherapy. I do not want to be throwing up all the time. I would rather die."Which of the following facts supports the use of chemotherapy for this client?

Chemotherapy treatment can be adjusted to optimize effects while limiting adverse effects.

Which primary cancer treatment goal is prolonged survival and containment of cancer cell growth?

Control

What intervention should the nurse provide to reduce the incidence of renal damage when a patient is taking a chemotherapy regimen?

Encourage fluid intake to dilute the urine

A nurse is administering daunorubicin through a peripheral I.V. line when the client complains of burning at the insertion site. The nurse notes no blood return from the catheter and redness at the I.V. site. The client is most likely experiencing which complication?

Extravasation

What foods should the nurse suggest that the patient consume less of in order to reduce nitrate intake because of the possibility of carcinogenic action?

Ham and bacon

Which statement by a client undergoing external radiation therapy indicates the need for further teaching?

I'm worried I'll expose my family members to radiation."

When caring for a client who is receiving external beam radiation, which is the key point for the nurse to incorporate into the plan of care?

Inspect the skin frequently.

For a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia, the nurse should include which intervention in the care plan?

Inspecting the skin for petechiae once every shift

A client is diagnosed with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The physician orders mitomycin (Mutamycin) and other chemotherapeutic agents for palliative treatment. How does mitomycin exert its cytotoxic effects?

It inhibits deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis.

What does the nurse understand is the rationale for administering allopurinol for a patient receiving chemotherapy?

It lowers serum and uric acid levels.

The nurse is caring for a patient undergoing an incisional biopsy. Which of the following statements does the nurse understand is true about an incisional biopsy?

It removes a wedge of tissue for diagnosis.

In which phase of the cell cycle does cell division occur?

Mitosis

The nurse working on a bone marrow unit knows that it is a priority to monitor which of the following in a client who has just undergone a stem cell transplant?

Monitor the client closely to prevent infection.

According to the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification system, T0 means there is which of the following?

No evidence of primary tumor

A client with cancer stage T4,N3,M1 is ordered morphine sulfate 4 mg, subcutaneous every 3 to 4 hours. Two hours after the last injection, the client rings the call bell to report a pain scale of 9. Which is the appropriate action by the nurse?

Notify the physician of the breakthrough pain in an attempt to obtain additional orders

During which step of cellular carcinogenesis do cellular changes exhibit increased malignant behavior?

Progression

The nurse at the clinic explains to the patient that the surgeon will be removing a mole on the patient's back that has the potential to develop into cancer. The nurse informs the patient that this is what type of procedure?

Prophylactic

When the client complains of increased fatigue following radiotherapy, the nurse knows this is most likely to be related to which factor?

Radiation can result in myelosuppression.

A client has been receiving chemotherapy to treat cancer. Which assessment finding suggests that the client has developed stomatitis?

Red, open sores on the oral mucosa

A client is receiving chemotherapy to treat breast cancer. Which assessment finding indicates a chemotherapy-induced complication?

Serum potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L

What should the nurse tell a female client who is about to begin chemotherapy and anxious about losing her hair?

She should consider getting a wig or cap before she loses her hair.

A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. Which assessment finding places the client at the greatest risk for an infection?

Stage 3 pressure ulcer on the left heel

A patient with brain tumor is undergoing radiation and chemotherapy for treatment of cancer. Of late, the patient is complaining of swelling in the gums, tongue, and lips. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these symptoms?

Stomatitis

The nurse is invited to present a teaching program to parents of school-age children. Which topic would be of greatest value for decreasing cancer risks?

Sun safety and use of sunscreen

A patient is scheduled for cryosurgery for cervical cancer and tells the nurse, "I am not exactly sure what the doctor is going to do." What is the best response by the nurse?

The physician is going to use liquid nitrogen to freeze the area."

The client is diagnosed with a benign brain tumor. Which of the following features of a benign tumor is of most concern to the nurse?

Tumor pressure against normal tissues

The nurse evaluates teaching as effective when a female client states that she will

Use sunscreen when outdoors.

A young female client has received chemotherapeutic medications and asks about any effects the treatments will have related to her sexual health. The most appropriate statement by the nurse is

You will need to practice birth control measures."

A nurse is performing a home visit for a client who received chemotherapy within the past 24 hours. The nurse observes a small child playing in the bathroom, where the toilet lid has been left up. Based on these observations, the nurse modifies the client's teaching plan to include:

chemotherapy exposure and risk factors.

The nurse is evaluating the client's risk for cancer and recommends changes when the client states she

eats red meat such as steaks or hamburgers every day

A benign tumor of the blood vessels is a

hemangioma

A decrease in circulating white blood cells is

leukopenia.

According to the TNM classification system, T0 means there is

no evidence of primary tumor.

Palliation refers to

relief of symptoms associated with cancer.

The root cause of cancer is damage to cellular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Such damage results from multiple factors. Which of the following is a carcinogen?

• Dietary substances • Environmental factors • Viruses • Chemical agents • Defective genes • Medically prescribed interventions