Medical-Surgical RN final study guide

The nurse can identify the 4 actions to be completed in the first hour in a client experiencing septic shock to prevent further complications.

Answer a. Measure a lactic acid b. rapidly administer 30ml/kg of normal saline c. administer broad-spectrum antibiotics d. obtain blood cultures before antibiotics

A nurse is caring for a client who has a cardiopulmonary arrest. The nurse anticipates the emergency response team will administer which of the following medications if the clients rhythm is symptomatic bradycardia?

a. Atropine b. Magnesium c. Epinephrine d. Calcium Answer A

The nurse correlates which mechanical ventilator setting as placing a patient at greatest risk for barotrauma?

a. CPAP 3 b. low tidal volume c. PEEP 10 d. FIO2 60% Answer C

The nurse correlates which type of viral hepatitis to the fecal-oral route of transmission?

a. Hep C b. Hep B c. Hep E d. Hep A Answer Hepatitis A

List the parts in order of the simplified cardiac cycle starting with L side of the heart

a. Left side of the heart b. Body c. Right side of the heart d. Lungs

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who has acute pancreatitis. The nurse should expect to find an elevation of which of the following values?

a. RBC count b. Amylase c. Magnesium d. Calcium Answer B

The Joint commission's national Patient Safety Goals focus on:

a. Safety b. hospital finances c. nursing satisfaction d. patient satisfaction Answer A

A nurse assessing a client who has multiple fractures in his left leg notes increasing edema. The nurse should recognize this finding as an early manifestation of which of the following complications?

a. acute compartment syndrome b. pulmonary embolism c. osteomyelitis d. fat embolism syndrome Answer A

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic episodes of hypoxia secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse will monitor the patient's laboratory results for increased RBC's due to the low oxygen levels. Which of the following blood disorders will the nurse expect to find?

a. agranulocytosis b. aplastic anemia c. secondary polycythemia d. huntington's disease Answer C

What is xenophobia?

a. an opinion that is unfair or prejudiced b. hatred or hostility against another culture c. imposing the rules of your own culture onto another person d. understand and address the entire cultural context of each client Answer B

A patient with severe Meniere's disease is considering a labyrinthectomy. Which potential complication does the nurse include in the preoperative teaching?

a. complete hearing loss of the affected ear b. chronic otitis media c. long term tinnitus d. rupture of tympanic membrane Answer A

The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestations in the patient admitted with hypermagnesemia?

a. elevated blood pressure b. bradycardia c. hyperventilation d. increased deep tendon reflexes Answer B

The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestation in a patient diagnoses with right-sided heart failure?

a. fatigue b. edema in the lower extremities c. purpura d. crackles with auscultation Answer D

The nurse correlates which clinical manifestation to the pathophysiological process of infective endocarditis?

a. friction rub b. chest pain at rest c. painless spots on the palms and soles d. jugular vein distention Answer D

Before you administer medication you should:

a. have them recite the alphabet b. check range of motion c. identify patient using 2 identifiers d. give them their meal trays Answer C

A nurse is caring for a client whose family is in a state of disagreement over the care of their family member. The nurse should report the situation to which of the following facility personnel?

a. hospital administrator b. hospital ethics committee c. clinical education specialist d. quality improvement committee Answer B

A nurse in the ICU is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving a dobutamine drip. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates that the medication is effective?

a. increased heart rate b. decreased blood glucose c. increased urine output d. decreased blood pressure Answer C

The nurse is providing care for a patient receiving treatment for early hypovolemic shock. Which assessment finding indicates that compensatory mechanisms are developing in this patient?

a. increased heart rate b. decreased blood glucose c. increased urine output d. decreased respiratory rate Answer A

A patient diagnosed with polycythemia is prescribed radiation and asks the rationale for this treatment. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

a. it suppresses the bone marrow b. it provides vitamin supplementation c. it stimulates red blood cell production d. it decreased the risk of transfusion reaction Answer A

A nurse is caring for a client who is in the compensatory stage of shock. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

a. mottled skin b. blood pressure 115/68 c. heart rate 160/min d. hypokalemia Answer B

The nurse provides care to a client who has been admitted for a myocardial infarction. When planning care for this patient, the nurse includes interventions that address which type of shock?

a. obstructive b. cardiogenic c. hypovolemic d. destructive Answer B

The nurse monitors for which pattern of pain in a patient diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer?

a. pain that is relieved with food b. pain relieved by antacids c. pain that awakens the patient from sleep d. pain that is aggravated by food Answer A

The nurse monitors for which pattern of pain in a patient diagnosed with a gastric ulcer?

a. pain that is relieved with food b. pain relieved by antacids c. pain that awakens the patient from sleep d. pain that is aggravated by food Answer D

Before creating a plan of care, the nurse assesses a client's rituals, values, customs, and beliefs. What is the nurse assessing?

a. race b. culture c. heritage d. ethnicity Answer C

In administering an ACE Inhibitor to a patient with heart failure, the nurse correlates its effectiveness to which mechanism of action?

a. reduces afterload b. decreases fluid retention c. increase contractility d. decrease preload Answer A

The nurse correlates the P wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing to which cardiac action?

a. repolarization of the atria b. repolarization of the venticles c. depolarization of the atria d. depolarization of the ventricles Answer C

Which principal risk factor does the nurse assess for during the health history in a patient who is suspected of having peptic ulcer disease?

a. stress b. anxiety c. H. Pylori d. use of acetaminophen Answer C

A client is admitted to the ED following a motorcycle crash. The nurse notes a crackling sensation upon palpation on the right side of the client's chest. After notifying the provider the nurse should document this finding as which of the following?

a. tactile fremitus b. subcutaneous emphysema c. Crackles d. Friction rub Answer B

A patient has a chest tube placed for the treatment of a hemothorax. What should the nurse conclude if constant bubbling is noted in the water-seal chamber of a closed chest drainage system?

a. the chest tube is obstructed b. the patients lung has reinflated c. the chest tube is turned off d. the system has an air leak Answer D

Which statement by the patient taking a PPI for peptic ulcer disease indicates understanding about the action of this medication?

a. this medication suppresses secretion of acid in my stomach b. this medication coats the lining of my stomach c. this medication decreases vomiting d. this medication neutralizes the acid in my stomach Answer A

The nurse correlate that the patient with which type of musculoskeletal trauma has the highest risk of developing rhabdomyolysis?

a. traumatic amputation b. compression fracture of the lumbar spine c. crush injury of the pelvis d. compound fracture of the femur Answer C

The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestation in the patient being treated for Meniere's disease?

a. uncontrolled eye movements b. drop in blood pressure c. muscle cramps d. capillary gulcose 60mg/dt Answer A

Who holds an important role when providing transitional care?

a. wound care nurse b. chaplain c. physician d. case manager Answer D

A nurse is discussing the plan of care with a client who has osteomyelitis of an open wound on his heel. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

a. you will need to apply a cold pack to the site three times a day b. your provider might ask you to walk frequently to increase circulation to the area c. you will need to limit the consumption of high-protein foods d. your provider might prescribe a central catheter line for long-term antibiotic therapy Answer D