Medical Terminology Chapter 10: The Nervous System and Mental Health Learning Exercise
epidural
During childbirth, ____ anesthesia is administered to numb the nerves from the uterus and birth passage without stopping labor.
epilepsy
EPALEPSY is a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severity
transient ischemic
Georgia Houghton suffered a/an ____ attack (TIA), and her doctors were concerned that this was a warning of an increased stroke risk.
bipolar
Harvey Ikeman has mood shifts from highs to severe lows that affect his attitude, energy, and ability to function. Harvey's doctor describes this condition as a/an ____ disorder.
concussion
In the auto accident, Anthony DeNicola hit his head on the windshield. The paramedics were concerned that this jarring of the brain had caused a/an ____.
syncope
Jill Beck said she fainted. The medical term for this brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased blood flow to the brain is ____.
multiple sclerosis
Mary Beth Cawthorn was diagnosed as having ____. This progressive autoimmune disease is characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath.
obsessive-compulsive disorder
OCD
post-traumatic stress disorder
PTSD
polyneuralgia
Pain affecting many nerves is known as ____.
causalgia
Persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve is known as ____.
-phobia
abnormal fear
cerebr/o
brain
encephal/o
brain
contus/o
bruise
caus/o
burning sensation
brainstem
connects the brain and spinal cord
medulla oblongata
controls basic survival functions
hypothalamus
controls vital body functions
cerebellum
coordinates muscular activity
esthet/o
feeling
-tropic
having an affinity for
mening/o
membrane covering the brain
psych/o
mind
radicul/o
nerve root
neur/o
nerve, nerves
-graphy
process of producing a picture
-esthesia
sensation, feeling
concuss/o
shaken together
myel/o
spinal cord
cerebrum
uppermost layer of the brain
cerebral palsy
CP
cerebrospinal fluid
CSF
peripheral
Cranial nerves are part of the ____ nervous system.
hypothalamus
Seven vital body functions are regulated by the ____.
transient ischemic attack
TIA
hydrocephalus
The Baily baby was born with ____. This condition is an abnormally increased amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain.
hematoma
The MRI indicated that Mrs. Hoshi had a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of her brain. This condition, which was caused by a head injury, is called a cranial ____.
dendrites
The ____ are the root-like structures of a nerve that receive impulses and conduct them to the cell body.
pia mater
The ____ is the layer of the meninges that is located nearest to the brain and spinal cord.
sympathetic
The ____ nerves are the division of the autonomic nervous system that prepare the body for emergencies and stress.
efferent
The ____ neurons carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord.
thalamus
The ____ relays sensory stimuli from the spinal cord and midbrain to the cerebral cortex.
delirium
The acute condition that is characterized by confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations is known as ____.
hypnotic
The classification of drug that depresses the central nervous system and usually produces sleep is known as a/an ____.
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
The condition known as ____ is a rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles.
trigeminal neuralgia
The condition known as ____ is characterized by severe, lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve.
anorexia nervosa
The intense fear of gaining weight associated with voluntary starvation is known as ____.
dyslexia
The medical term for the condition also known as a developmental reading disorder is ____.
claustrophobia
The medical term meaning an abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces is ____.
anxiety disorders
The mental conditions characterized by excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations or fear that is out of proportion to the real danger in a situation are known as ____.
synapse
The space between two neurons or between a neuron and a receptor organ is known as a ____.
myelitis
The term meaning inflammation of the spinal cord is ____. This term also means inflammation of bone marrow.
myelin sheath
The white protective covering over some parts of the spinal cord and the axon of most peripheral nerves is the ____.
thalamotomy
To control her patient's tremors caused by Parkinson's disease, Dr. Wang performed a/an ____. This is a surgical incision into the thalamus.
migraine
A MIGRANE headache is characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head.
plexus
A ____ is a network of intersecting nerves.
coma
A ____ is a profound state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech.
hallucination
A ____ is a sensory perception that has no basis in external stimulation.
cerebral contusion
A ____ is the bruising of brain tissue as the result of a head injury.
neuroma
A benign neoplasm made up of nerve tissue is a/an ____.
True
A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks.
persistent depressive disorder
A low-grade, chronic depression with symptoms that are milder than those of severe depression but are present on a majority of days for two or more years is known as ____.
False
A patient in a persistent vegetative state sleeps through the night and is awake and conscious during the day.
anesthesiologist
A physician who specializes in administering anesthetic agents is an ____.
True
A psychotropic drug acts primarily on the central nervous system where it produces temporary changes affecting the mind, emotions, and behavior.
False
A sedative is administered to prevent the seizures associated with epilepsy.
conversion
A/An ____ disorder is characterized by serious temporary or ongoing changes in function, such as paralysis or blindness, that are triggered by psychological factors rather than by any physical cause.
antipsychotic
A/An ____ drug is administered to treat symptoms of severe disorders of thinking and mood that are associated with neurological and psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia, mania, and delusional disorders.
Alzheimer's
ALZHIEMER'S disease is a group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language.
meningomalacia
Abnormal softening of the meninges is known as ____.
aphasia
After her stroke, Rosita Valladares was unable to understand written or spoken words. This condition is known as ____.
insomnia
After several months of being unable to sleep well, Wayne Ladner visited his doctor about this problem. His doctor recorded this condition as being ____.
an- esthet -ic
An *anesthetic* is the medication used to induce anesthesia.
anesthetic
An ANASTHETIC is the medication used to induce anesthesia.
anxiolytic
An ____ drug is also known as a tranquilizer.
True
An absence seizure is a brief disturbance in brain function in which there is a loss of awareness.
acrophobia
An excessive fear of heights is ____.
encephalopathy
Based on word parts, the term meaning any degenerative disease of the brain is ____.
neuromyelitis
Based on word parts, the term meaning inflammation of the nerves and spinal cord is ____.
electr/o encephal/o -graphy
*Electroencephalography* is the process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp.
par- -esthesia
*Paresthesia* refers to a burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet.
poli/o myel -itis
*Poliomyelitis* is a contagious viral infection of the brainstem and spinal cord, which sometimes leads to paralysis.
somn ambul -ism
*Somnambulism* is commonly known as sleepwalking.
sciatica
SIATICA is a nerve inflammation that results in pain, burning, and tingling through the thigh, leg, and foot.
