Medical Terminology Chapter 9: The Urinary System Learning Exercise

hydr/o nephr -osis

*Hydronephrosis* is the dilation of one or both kidneys.

hyper- protein -uria

*Hyperproteinuria* is abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine.

ureter/o -rrhaphy

*Ureterorrhaphy* means the surgical suturing of a ureter.

nephritis

An inflammation of the kidney, most commonly caused by toxins, infection, or an autoimmune disease, is called ____.

uremia

Acute renal failure has sudden onset and is characterized by ____. This condition can be caused by many factors, including a sudden drop in blood volume or blood pressure due to injury or surgery.

True

Acute renal failure has sudden onset and is characterized by uremia.

peritoneal dialysis

Henry Wong's kidneys failed. He is being treated with ____, which involves the removal of waste from his blood through a fluid exchange in the abdominal cavity.

epispadias

In ____, the urethral opening is on the upper surface of the penis.

cystoptosis

Prolapse of the bladder into the urethra is known as ____.

False

Prostatism is a malignancy of the prostate gland.

True

Renal colic is an acute pain in the kidney area that is caused by blockage during the passage of a kidney stone.

urethroplasty

Roberta Gridley is scheduled for surgical repair of the walls of her urethra. This procedure is a/an ____.

polycystic

Rosita LaPinta inherited ____ kidney disease. These cysts slowly reduce the kidney function, and this eventually leads to kidney failure.

True

Stress incontinence is the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing.

anuria

The absence of urine formation by the kidneys is known as ____.

cystostomy

The creation of an artificial opening between the urinary bladder and the exterior of the body is a/an ____.

ureterorrhagia

The discharge of blood from the ureter is ____.

diuresis

The increased output of urine is known as ____.

urea

The major waste product of protein metabolism is ____.

prostate-specific antigen

When Lenny Nowicki's ____ blood test showed a very high PSA level, his physician was concerned about the possibility of prostate cancer.

cyst/o

bladder

dia-

complete- through

-ectasis

enlargement, stretching

glomerul/o

glomerulus

pyel/o

renal pelvis

-lysis

setting free, separation

lith/o

stone, calculus

-pexy

surgical fixation

urethral meatus

the opening through which urine leaves the body

renal cortex

the outer region of the kidney

glomerulus

the portion of a nephron that is active in filtering urine

urethra

the tube from the bladder to the outside of the body

ureters

the tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder

-tripsy

to crush

ureter/o

ureter

urethr/o

urethra

-uria

urination, urine

ur/o

urine, urinary tract

glomerular filtration rate

GFR

vesicovaginal

A VESICOVAGINEL fistula is an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina.

Wilms

A WILLMS tumor is a malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in children.

prostate

A disorder of the ____ gland affects a male's ability to urinate.

nephr/o lith -otomy

A percutaneous *nephrolithotomy* is the surgical removal of a kidney stone through a small incision in the back.

urethrocele

A prolapse of the female urethra is a/an ____.

nephrologist

A specialist in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys is a/an ____.

urologist

A specialist who treats the genitourinary system of males is a/an ____.

cystolith

A stone in the urinary bladder is known as a ____.

ureterolith

A stone located anywhere along the ureter is known as a ____.

nephrotomy

A surgical incision into the kidney is a/an ____.

pyelotomy

A surgical incision into the renal pelvis is a ____.

transurethral prostatectomy

A/An ____ (TURP) is the removal of excess tissue from the prostate with the use of a resectoscope.

nephrosclerosis

Abnormal hardening of the kidney is known as ____.

cyst/o urethr/o -graphy

Voiding *cystourethrography* is a diagnostic procedure in which a fluoroscope is used to examine the flow of urine from the bladder and through the urethra.

benign prostatic hyperplasia

BPH

renal pelvis

Before entering the ureters, urine collects in the ____.

incontinence

Being unable to control excretory functions is known as INCONTINANCE.

interstitial cystitis

Doris Volk has a chronic bladder condition involving inflammation within the wall of the bladder. This is known as ____.

glomerulonephritis

Dr. Morita's patient was diagnosed as having ____. This is a type of kidney disease caused by inflammation of the glomeruli that causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into the urine.

end-stage renal disease

ESRD

extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

ESWL

edema

Excessive fluid accumulation in body tissues is called ____.

urethra

In the male, the ____ carries both urine and semen.

urethrostenosis

John Danielson has an enlarged prostate gland. This caused narrowing of the urethra, which is known as ____.

Kegel

KEAGEL exercises are a series of pelvic muscle exercises used to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor to control urinary stress incontinence.

nocturia

Mr. Baldridge suffers from excessive urination during the night. The medical term for this is ____.

nephroptosis

Mrs. Franklin describes her condition as a floating kidney. The medical term for this condition, in which there is a dropping down of the kidney, is ____.

epispadias

Norman Smith was born with the opening of the urethra on the upper surface of the penis. This is known as ____.

overactive bladder

OAB

suprapubic catheterization

The placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made through the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone is known as ____.

hypoproteinemia

The presence of abnormally low concentration of protein in the blood is known as ____.

hemodialysis

The process of artificially filtering waste products from the patient's blood is known as ____.

catheterization

The process of withdrawing urine from the bladder is known as urinary CATHATERIZATION.

cystopexy

The surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall is a/an ____.

cystorrhaphy

The surgical suturing of the bladder is known as ____.

ablation

The term ____ describes treatment in which a body part is removed or its function is destroyed. This type of procedure is frequently used to treat prostate cancer.

nocturnal enuresis

The term ____ means urinary incontinence during sleep. It is also known as bed-wetting.

polyuria

The term meaning excessive urination is ____.

cystitis

The term meaning inflammation of the bladder is ____.

oliguria

The term meaning scanty urinations is ____.

ureterectasis

The term meaning the distention of ureter is ____.

nephrolysis

The term meaning the freeing of a kidney from adhesions is ____.

False

Urethrorrhea is bleeding from the urethra.

nephrons

Urine is produced in microscopic functional units of each kidney called ____.

-cele

hernia, tumor

nephr/o

kidney