meiosis (NOT FINISHED)
A chicken cell undergoes mitosis: How many cells are created?
2
A chicken cell undergoes meiosis: How many chromosomes are in each cell?
39
Chicken have 78 chromosomes in their somatic cells. How many chromosomes are in chicken sperm?
39
A chicken cell undergoes meiosis: How many cells are created?
4
A chicken cell undergoes mitosis: How many chromosomes are in each cell?
78
A chicken sperm and egg combine to create a zygote. How many chromosomes are in the zygote?
78
During the process of creating a sperm cell, one chromosome does not separate, the resulting sperm cell has an extra chromosome. If this sperm fertilizes an egg, how many chromosomes with the baby chick have?
79
Information storing molecule that makes up chromosomes
DNA
in sexual reproduction the offspring is not identical due to
a combination if chromosomes from parents after fertilization
what is a tetrad?
a group of 4 chromatids
Two haploid cells combine during fertilization to form
a zygote
in sexual organisms what genes multiply faster
beneficial genes
what happens during interphase 1?
cells grow, carries our cellular functions and replicates its DNA, chromatin starts to condense into chromosomes near the end
Describes the copies of a chromosome that are attached by a centromere
chromatids
what is the importance of meiosis?
chromosomes line up randomly at the equator, gamete end up with different combinations of chromosomes, genetic variation also is produced during crossing over and during fertilization, which games randomly combine
Cells that have only half the number of chromosomes
diploid
what is another term for a cell that contains 2n chromosomes?
diploid cell
T/F: each chromosome consists of 4 sister chromatids
false; 2
T/F: in sexual reproduction in new individual is identical to its parent
false; asexual reproduction
Type of cells used in sexual reproduction, such as sperm and egg
gametes
Cells that have the complete set of chromosomes
haploid
what is another term for a cell with n chromosomes?
haploid cell
Describes matching sets of chromosomes of the same size and the same pattern
homologous
what does crossing over do?
increases variety in the offspring
An image of chromosomes, paired and ordered from large to small
karyotype
Process of cell division that results in 4 haploid cells used in sexual reproduction
meiosis
in which phase do the homologous chromosomes pair up at the equator and the chromosome centromeres attach to the spindle fibers?
metaphase 1
Process of cell division that results in 2 diploid cells, used for growth and repair
mitosis
what symbol can be used to represent the number of chromosomes in a gamete?
n
what disappears in prophase 1?
nuclear membrane, nucleuolus
when does synapsis occur?
prophase 1
what is crossing over?
segments of chromosomes are exchanged between a pair of homologous chromosomes
what are examples of diploid cells?
somatic cells, zygote
what forms during prophase 1?
spindle apparatus
homologous chromosomes pair up during prophase 1 making a
tetrad
what is synapsis?
the process in which the homologous chromosomes condense and bind together
T/F: in asexual reproduction the organism inherits all of its chromosomes from a single parent
true
T/F: interphase in meiosis the same as mitosis?
true