MGMT 250 Quizzes W5-W9

Which of the following best expresses the idea of fast feedback and failure from chapter 14?

Try out innovations, even ones that seem crazy, and discover quickly whether they work, and if they don't, move on -- but keep innovating.

Answer based on what you heard in the film: "It's true that animal agriculture is destructive, but at least we can rely on the oceans to feed people with fish and shellfish."

false

True or false? "Patagonia has designed a simple, straightforward fair-trade system with the only ingredient necessary to address the injustice in the apparel system: It simply pays its workers a significant premium above the market rate."

false

True or false? "Getting a vaccine can make you sick with COVID-19."

false

We have returned repeatedly to the theme of the climate impacts of food. Consider the carbon intensity of the following (generalized) three food items and put them with the corresponding carbon intensity.

beef- highest carbon intensity rice and beans- lowest carbon intensity pork- in between carbon intensity

Lecture briefly discussed "distributed energy" or "distributed generation" and gave rooftop solar, on residential and commercial buildings, as an example. Which of the following words has the most accurate opposite meaning of distributed in this sense?

centralized

Which of the following is not a requirement for organic certification?

No soil erosion from agricultural practices

Minaj has a "rating" system on the tags in his "100% legal pop-up store" fully of items from Zara and H&M. What are the units (i.e., the little pictures) on the label?

garbage trucks full of clothes on fire

Which is a safer way to get immunity: getting the disease or getting a vaccine?

getting a vaccine

How is SARS-Cov-2 - the virus that causes COVID-19 - most commonly spread from person to person?

through the air ("airborne transmission")

As mentioned in lecture, former Unilever CEO Paul Polman mentions a concept that call allow companies to charge consumers more. In so doing, Polman invokes a concept from a previous module. What is that concept? (just a few words will be sufficient)

total cost of ownership

Which of the following best expresses the notion of redundancy as a form of resilience?

Having back-up systems and sources so a company is not so vulnerable to a disruption in one place or of a particular kind.

In one of the readings, Pat Brown (CEO of Impossible Foods) talks about the possible implications of mainstream meat-oriented companies' introduction of plant-based alternatives. Which of the following is the most accurate statement?

He is worried that the meat companies' plant-based alternatives will taste like crap and give consumers the idea that plant-based alternatives just can't deliver a high-quality food experience

Filmmaker Kip Andersen attempts to gain access to many large advocacy organizations and government agencies in order to ask difficult questions. Which best describes his experience?

He obtains many interviews with high-ranking people, and in general, many of them don't appear to have considered his questions before.

Which of the following statements about non-GMO labeling and organic labeling is correct?

If something is certified organic, it is also non-GMO because GMOs are not allowed under organic certification.

Select the correct items from the dropdown menus to complete the sentence correctly. Impossible Foods clearly feels it has to put out detailed nutrition and health information in order to deal with misconceptions and myths about soy , which is one of its plant-based ingredients.

Impossible Foods Soy

Consider the short video on the Impossible Burger and the information on the company's web site. Which of the following statements is best?

Impossible is asking people to make a change (switch from meat), but they are promising to deliver the same essential experience. In addition, they are offering better environmental outcomes.

Which of the following best captures the notion of climate risk in the McKinsey article?

Increased prevalence of shocks will affect certain firms' suppliers, and the net effects of those shocks will be negative for some firms but potential positive for their competitors.

"When you see it on a product label, natural generally means _________."

nothing

Consider the following statement: "There is no need for a certification like Rainforest Alliance for cut flowers because people don't eat flowers." Which statement is the best response?

"RA certification is about both environmental and social performance, and since a lot of people work in the production of flowers, it makes perfect sense to have the certification for flowers."

Consider the ways in which Quorn, Beyond Meat, and Impossible Foods present their products on the web. Which of the following statements is consistent with that presentation?

"The best chance of success for plant-based meat substitutes is to mimic foods that people already know and love."

Consider the material you saw related to the missions of Quorn, Beyond Meat, and Impossible Foods, and their associated statements related to their environmental impacts (relative to beef). Which of the following statements is most consistent with that material?

"These companies' products deliver considerable environmental benefit when displacing beef. And although the firms emphasize the taste, quality, nutrition, and meat-like experience of their products, they also emphasize the planet-saving reasoning behind their work."

Which of the options below completes the sentence? "More consumers are pushing their ______________________________ to become more environmentally and socially responsible."

"favorite brands and companies"

Companies put a lot of pleasant-sounding verbiage on their packaging. Which of the following showed up on a packaging example in lecture 5.1?

"kind"

What, according to Josh's lecture, is implied in the Business Roundtable's Statement on the Purpose of a Corporation?

'Shareholder primacy' - that is, putting shareholders far above other stakeholders - had gotten out of hand, and the companies needed to announce, and nudge each other toward, a shift.

In the article I wrote ("Is it really Better Cotton?"), you read about a definition of "sustainable cotton" that many companies - including H&M - are using. Check all versions of cotton that fulfill that definition.

- BCI Cotton - recycled cotton - organic cotton

I suggested a very short list of extremely reliable sources on pandemic-related information (there are others, but I didn't want to drown you). What did I suggest? (Check zero, one, or more.)

- CDC (the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the US federal govt) - NY Times

Check all true statements (zero, one, or more) about H&M's labor practices.

- H&M employees hundreds of thousands of workers in garment manufacturing indirectly (through suppliers). - Clean Clothes Campaign says that H&M is failing to meet up to its fair living wage commitments. - H&M has recognized workers' rights to "collective bargaining" (i.e., the right to form labor unions). - H&M says that it works with governments to improve working conditions throughout the countries from which it sources apparel. - H&M has made sweeping commitments to a "fair living wage."

Select all true statements (zero, one, more) about H&M's 2018 Sustainability Report.

- It has a lot of pictures of models. - It seems to have a lot of buzzwords - circularity, science-based targets, SDGs, sustainable, innovation, recycling, etc. - It describes a lot of goals and "roadmaps" and "strategies" but not as many actual achievements.

The New York Times has a number of sections related to the pandemic. Check all such sections that we discussed in class.

- Maps and Cases - Vaccine Rollout - Guidelines After Vaccination

Which of the following describes Patagonia's Worn Wear program? Mark all that are correct (zero, one, more).

- a way to build a deeper relationship with the customer by expressing the brand's values - a strategy for being more efficient with raw materials - an option that might lead consumers to buy fewer new clothing items

Check all of the following that are, according to Cowspiracy, a result of animal agriculture. Note: You may check zero, one, or more answers.. Correct!

- damage to oceans - greenhouse gas emissions - deforestation - pollution and over-consumption of water resources

Check all stakeholder the Business Roundtable calls out as worthy of consideration in corporate priorities.

- employees - shareholders - suppliers

When it mentions other players in the apparel industry, Patagonia comes out swinging. Which of the following statements, phrases, or criticisms does Patagonia use? Check all correct answers (zero, one, many).

- the accusation of "dirty and irresponsible practices" by major brands - the implication that consumers participate in "overconsumption" and "a culture of convenience" - the suggestion that companies are responsible for "labor abuses" and "pollution"

Consider my framing from earlier in the course: climate change and this pandemic have a lot in common! Check all of the ways in which that is true.

- they both require individual action and collective action - they have been politicized (in ways that make everything more confusing) - when we don't deal well with them, often the most vulnerable people in our society bear the brunt of the pain - they demand urgent action - they are (scientifically and socially) complicated

Minaj ultimately has a call to action near the very end of the video. What does he ask people to do? (Check all that apply - zero, one, many.)

- wear your clothes longer before getting rid of them - buy second hand

Name three negative impacts (to a local community) that can result from clothing manufacturing, or from the production of fiber for clothing.

1. health of the citizens; in India with the pesticide problem, there were many kids in the village that were handicapped and mentally retarded. 2. death rates of citizens; there were more than 250,000 farmer suicides in India because of the poor working conditions and the health issues. It is the largest wave of suicides in history. Because of the poor working conditions and lack of human rights as we saw in the Ranza plaza there were 931 deaths in total. 3. source of clean water and vegetation: in one of the sections of the video because of the manufacturing process of clothing, there is no excess to clean water because it's contaminated with chemicals such as dye. Because of the lack of clean water to water the land, there is also a lack of vegetation for people to eat.

Minaj discusses viscose (or rayon) as an example of a highly polluting fiber used in clothing. This is generally true. What else did we say about viscose?

Although lots of viscose is produced in environmentally destructive ways, there are versions of viscose that are much better, specifically when the "feedstock" (the major input) for manufacturing is from recycled wood pulp or from well-managed forests.

As we discussed a few weeks ago, airborne transmission is the most significant way that the current coronavirus is spread. When surfaces are the source of spread, how does it work?

As we discussed a few weeks ago, airborne transmission is the most significant way that the current coronavirus is spread. When surfaces are the source of spread, how does it work?

Which of the following is not one of the model examples of using less (cited by Winston in chapter 13)?

Asking customers to change what is most important to them, in order to help the planet

Name three geographic locations (countries, or regions/states/provinces featured in The True Cost as places that produce clothing.

Bangladesh, India, and Cambodia

Which of the following best captures BlackRock's position in the marketplace?

BlackRock owns or manages an immense stock portfolio, so its message about its investment strategy has the potential to shift what many companies and other investors will do in the future.

Which of the following best captures what Larry Fink is saying in his letter? (Note: None of these statements is comprehensive. I'm just looking for the basic idea.)

BlackRock will stop investing in companies with big climate risk and big carbon footprints.

According to the reading, in one particular country, people are generally more open to plant-based options, but eating meat is also seen as a symbol of wealth and status. Which country?

China

In chapter 13, Winston says which of the following about consumers?

Consumers will increasingly choose a more sustainable option when price and quality are equal.

What is the purpose of high-credibility ecolabels, as described in lecture? Select the best answer. (Careful - there may be some almost-correct distractions in the incorrect answers.)

Ecolabels connect companies that are meeting high standards of verified performance with consumers who want to support better production systems.

Which statement about the Certified Humane Raised & Handled ecolabel is true?

Egg producers may not use cages, but individual hens don't get a lot of space

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria used by GreenerChoices.org to judge ecolabels?

Ensuring that Packaging is Not Wasteful

I gave you an interpretation of the appearance of non-GMO and organic claims on the same packaging examples. Select the best summary below. (Careful - there may be bits of good stuff with otherwise incorrect statements.)

Organic certification includes several criteria, including non-GMO, so technically it is redundant to make both claims. Still, companies realize that not all consumers know the details of organic certification, so they make both claims to accommodate consumers' low level of knowledge.

Patagonia seems to have taken a bold stance by telling people not to buy the jackets they make. Why did they do that? Check all correct responses (zero, one, many). As always, beware correct bits and garbage mixed together...

Patagonia is concerned about environmental stewardship, so it is discouraging our default setting of consumption for its own sake. Patagonia was and is still seeking to build a different kind of relationship with consumers - one built around shared values.

What is Patagonia doing with polyester? Check all totally correct statements (zero, one, more). Beware of partly-true distractions!

Polyester is an appealing fiber because it has certain performance properties (e.g., it dries quickly, and it is not heavy).

Which of the following best explains what it means to "follow the frog" (as it appeared in the material for the week)?

Rely on and trust the Rainforest Alliance ecolabel to make good judgments for you about which products are ethical to purchase

The movie features an organic cotton farmer in a major organic cotton-producing region of the world. Where is it?

Texas

The McKinsey article briefly mentions the automotive sector. Which statement is true?

The 'electrical content' in cars - that is, the total value of cars that is made up by computers and other electronics - is now more than a third, so semiconductor risk actually plays out in part as risk in car manufacturing.

Select the most accurate statement about Cowspiracy and the contribution of animal agriculture to anthropogenic (human-caused) greenhouse gas emissions.

The GHG impact of animal agriculture is not what Kip claims, but it is still large enough that it should be one of several big categories of GHG reduction that we think hard about and focus on.

Consider H&M's 2018 Sustainability Report. Which statement best characterizes H&M's messages about its business?

The company talks about being "circular" a lot, but other than ambitious 100% goals and some partial (less than 100%) achievements, it doesn't make the case that it is actually circular.

Which of the following best describes Nature's Fynd?

The company's essential technology is a micro-organism that eats sugar and produces a meat-like protein.

Which of the following best describes Rainforest Alliance?

The logo appears on a variety of products with slightly different certification details, but the general idea is consistent: ecosystem stewardship and fair treatment of workers.

The film describes the 2013 tragedy at Rana Plaza in Dhaka, Bangladesh, which killed more than 1,100 people. Which of the following comments is most accurate?

The relationships throughout the apparel value chain combine to generate these destructive outcomes. Consumers act thoughtlessly on urges, buying cheap goods without considering their origins. Brands cultivate that thoughtlessness, and then in turn push factories to deliver cheaper and cheaper products, without a thought to the consequences. And factory owners in turn push their workers to work longer hours for lower pay, while disregarding safety - ultimately leading to severe consequences such as the collapse of a factory.

It seems as if the complex interdependent supply chains that have developed in the global economy are vulnerable in certain ways. If many of them lack resilience, then why did they develop in the first place?

The supply chains are optimized for speed and efficiency, and in those areas they succeed. However, the side-effect is that they are 'brittle' and lack resilience.

Which of the following is the most accurate comparison of Patagonia and H&M on the subject of cotton?

The two companies articulate similar aims for "sustainable" cotton, but they have different definitions for "sustainable" with H&M's definition being much more flexible and, frankly, weaker.

There are two vaccines (from the companies Moderna and Pfizer) that have currently been approved for use in the U.S. Sometimes they do not prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 illness. In those situations, what is true?

The vaccines sometimes fail to prevent mild or moderate illness, but they are nearly 100% effective at preventing serious illness, hospitalization, and death.

In the first half of the film, you hear a short interview with Michael Pollan, who responds to a question by saying, "I think they focus-grouped it and it's a political loser." What was Pollan referring to? What does he mean? (When he refers to focus groups, he means research into public opinion involving interactive interviews of small groups of people. If someone "focus-groups" a question, they are probing public opinion on the issue.)

There are political and cultural barriers to changing our eating habits, so fostering that change would be extremely difficult work for the environmental groups.

Check all correct statements (zero, one, many) regarding the EWG article on glyphosate in hummus and chickpeas, and the discussion in L5.2.

There is substantial variation (in glyphosate concentrations) across samples.

We briefly considered trends in global meat consumption over the past half-century. Which statement best characterizes that picture?

Total meat consumption has risen considerably as the world economy has become more affluent and world population has grown. The same three big animal products - beef, pork, and chicken - continue to dominate as they have over that entire time, but there has been a considerable shift in the relative shares of those three, with totally consumption of pork plateauing and beef falling.

What do we know about durability (or longevity) of resistance, either from natural immunity or vaccine?

We actually don't know very much yet because so little time has passed. We know that reinfection (i.e., getting COVID-19 more than once) is possible, but not a lot of details.

We looked briefly at the trajectory of new confirmed daily cases throughout the pandemic. Which of the following best characterizes where we are now, in early-mid-March 2021?

We're well below the early-January peak, but still higher than at most points in the pandemic, at least before things start to spike last fall.

Which set of words below completes this sentence from H&M? According to H&M: "The workers' ____________ their wage will always ____________."

[opinion of the fairness of] ... [be central]

Which best describes the main ingredient in Quorn?

a fungus-based protein

Select the best summary of what Winston means TBP chapter 13 by "inspiring" consumers.

connect with people's values, and connect people to solutions to big issues that they care about

In The True Cost, Rick Ridgeway of Patagonia says that, at Patagonia "we hate the word ________________." Which word?

consumer

One person interviewed in the film describes the role of advertising in affecting people's habits and even happiness. He says that people are led to believe that "the way to solve the problems in your life" is what?

consumption

I referred to the graph showing new confirmed daily cases in a particular way. Which term is correct?

epi curve (or "epidemiological curve")

Select the right phrase to fill in the blank: "Key questions about vaccines sometimes get reduced to whether they "work" or not against the different forms of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. But that oversimplifies...how much of this ___________________."

is a matter of degrees, not a yes or no answer

In lecture, you heard about the similarities and differences among the many plant-based meat substitutes emerging right now. Match the items below appropriately based on that content. largely true across various plant-based options a distinguishing feature of certain plant-based options

largely true across various plant-based options - involves some substantial food processing a distinguishing feature of certain plant-based options-consists primarily of special ingredient that is not currently a common food item

The True Cost says that the clothing industry is the second most polluting industry in the world. Which industry is more polluting?

oil industry

This question will require you to read the bar graph at this link: https://coronavirus.uoregon.edu/casesLinks to an external site. Approximately how many confirmed cases are there among UO students since February 1? (Note: I'm not asking about January 1. I'm asking about the last ten days, i.e., the weeks of February 1 and February 8 combined.)

over 100

According to Hasan Minaj, what is the role of social media, and our use of social media, in perpetuating fast fashion?

overconsumption driven by our desire to have new outfits "poppin' for the gram"

Which word belongs in the blank? (Same word in each blank.) "_________ don't always kill all the pests they mean to kill. Some of the targeted bugs, weeds, or molds survive and reproduce, passing on their ability to withstand those _________ to their offspring."

pesticides

Consider what you've heard from Patagonia, and think about the connections to previous material. Come up with the best matches for the items below. Note: You have extra matching items so you don't have to use all of them. recycled polyester recycled cotton worn wear soil to soil

recycled polyester- an example of technical nutrient recycled cotton- an example of biological nutrient worn wear- soil to soil (from creating climate- example of business model involving circularity beneficial fiber systems)- example of circularity involving a biological nutrient

In lecture, I said that you should, in our current circumstances, see your friends:

safely

Fink refers, in his open letter, to 'sustainability-related risk' that corporations may have. Which of the following is not one of those risks, according to the lecture?

the need to consider multiple stakeholders in corporate decision making

True or false: For a wide range of meat, dairy, and egg production systems, the Certified Humane Raised & Handled ecolabel ensures animal treatment that is generally above the industry norm, but there are many additional ways that animal welfare could still be improved.

true

Which strategy does the CDC now say can be effective in preventing transmission of the coronavirus?

wearing two masks (following specific guidelines)

Minaj introduces the term greenwash. What is greenwashing?

when a company portrays itself as way more green than it really is

Any mask you wear should cover both:

your nose and mouth