MGMT 3720 UNT FINAL
Why is Maslow's theory criticized? A. There is little evidence that needs are structured or operate in the way it describes. B. The concept of self-actualization was unfounded. C. The esteem need is a more powerful motivator than self-actualization. D. Its terminology tends to alienate those to whom it is applied.
There is little evidence that needs are structured or operate in the way it describes.
Which of the following types of power uses as its source the association with another person who is perceived favorably? A. Coercive power B. Legitimate power C. Expert power D. Referent power
Referent power
LeDoux believes that emotions are the result of consciousness interacting with chemicals in our body to generate meaning that holds survival significance. True False
TRUE
There is a body of research to indicate that some people are more inclined to take up leadership roles based on personal characteristics they hold. This research supports that extroversion is the most telling sign of who will emerge to fill a leadership role. This research supports what theory of leadership? A. LMX theory B. Transformational Leadership C. Traits theory D. Servant Leadership
Traits theory
A strong organizational culture serves to enhance the stability of social systems. True False
True
Because written communication may create more misunderstandings than oral communication; managers should communicate with employees through in-person meetings when possible. True False
True
Rational persuasion is the only power tactic listed by your guest lecturer that can be used omnidirectionally (upward, downward, or laterally). True False
True
When in-groups form in organizations, they naturally create an out-group as a byproduct. True False
True
Daniella is experiencing a conflict because her boss told her to change the date on a report she was submitting so that it wouldn't appear to be late. Daniella holds honesty and integrity as important parts of who she is. What type of conflict is she experiencing? A. Process conflict B. Role conflict C. Interpersonal conflict D. Values conflict
Values conflict
Which of the following is true about how we speak of peoples' personalities? A. A recent survey revealed a succinct set of 112 adjectives to describe people they know. B. We tend to use many adjectives to describe how people act and seem to think. C. We tend to describe personality traits using approximately 55 adjectives. D. A recent survey revealed just 211 adjectives to describe people they know. E. We tend to use the same small set of adjectives to describe how people act.
We tend to use many adjectives to describe how people act and seem to think.
Which of the following is true with respect to workplace discrimination? A. Forms of discrimination like exclusion are easy to root out. B. Discrimination occurs more at lower levels in the organization than higher levels. C. The discriminators are invariably aware of their action toward the victim. D. It may lead to reduced productivity and citizenship behavior. E. Only intentional discrimination is addressed by diversity management efforts.
D. It may lead to reduced productivity and citizenship behavior.
Which element of organizational structure deals with the grouping of jobs so that common tasks can be coordinated? A. Span of Control B. Centralization C. Work specialization D. Departmentalization
Departmentalization
Which of the following is a characteristic of emotions? A. Emotions are short-lived feeling experiences. B. Emotions lack a contextual stimulus. C. Emotions last for a longer time period than moods. D. Emotions involve less intense feelings than moods. E. Emotions are never action-oriented in nature.
Emotions are short-lived feeling experiences.
The ________ is a personality assessment consisting of 100 questions where respondents are classified as extraverted or introverted, sensing or intuitive, thinking or feeling, and judging or perceiving. A. Karolinska Scales of Personality B. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator C. Taylor-Johnson Temperament Analysis D. Birkman Method E. Keirsey Temperament Sorter
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Which of the following is the most common means of measuring personality? A. stress interviews B. career portfolio C. reference interviews D. self-report surveys E. in-depth interviews
self-report surveys
According to the class lectures, which concept in motivation theories deals with the fact that people derive satisfaction from accomplishing tasks through exerting power and control? A. friendship B. meaning-making C. self-sufficiency D. sociality
self-sufficiency
_____________ in the workplace refers to the total composition of various characteristics of the membership of the organization.
Answer - Organizational Diversity
According to Wenger, the two parts of meaning-making that occur in a community of practice are ___________ and reification.
Answer - Participation
Which of the following terms refers to factors such as one's biological, physiological, and inherent psychological makeup determined at conception? A. social loafing B. heredity C. social identity D. self-concordance E. behavioral contagion
B. heredity
Giselle was just promoted to manager in her organization. She is loved by everyone she works with and is often the center of the conversation. Her colleagues look up to her because of her easygoing nature and the confidence she portrays when she speaks. What type of leadership is Giselle likely to use as a manager? A. Autocratic B. Transformational C. Charismatic D. Servant
Charismatic
Which of the following types of power focuses on using fear of negative results to exercise control? A. Referent power B. Legitimate power C. Coercive power D. Expert power
Coercive power
The role of an Linker on a team is to... A. Champion ideas B. Examine details and enforce rules C. Encourage the search for more information D. Coordinate and integrate
Coordinate and integrate
The role of a creator on a team is to... A. Create the encouragement B. Create the ideas C. Create the assessment D. Create the structure
Create the ideas
It is rare to find more than one subculture in an organization. True False
False
Many organizations are neutral in their ethical orientation. True False
False
Which of the following is not one of the four pillars of organizational effectiveness from the Key Components of Organizational Culture? A. Consistency B. Ingenuity C. Mission/Purpose D. Involvement
Ingenuity
Which theory of leadership focuses on individual exchanges between leaders and followers, ultimately concluding these exchanges lead to Ingroups and Outgroups. A. LMX theory B. Servant Leadership C. Traits theory D. Charismatic Leadership
LMX theory
The practice of analyzing the symbols in the patterns of human communication is known as A. Symbolic Interactionism B. Capital Inquiry C. Sequential Methodology D. Communicatory Analysis
Symbolic Interactionism
Power relationships in a conflict are never truly equal because no two people are ever truly equal. True False
True
In which of the follow situations would autocratic leadership be most appropriate? A. A sales department is trying to increase revenue 5% by next quarter. B. A round of layoffs is required due to bad fiscal performance. C. A deadline is approaching in six days and there's two weeks worth of work left to do. D. An organization must create a new branding strategy to outsell its competitors.
A round of layoffs is required due to bad fiscal performance.
Which of the following is an example of externally caused behavior? A. An employee postpones a meeting because he overslept. B. An employee is late to work because of a punctured tire. C. An employee closed a sale with an important corporate client because of his excellent negotiation skills. D. An employee was fired because he violated a company policy. E. An employee postpones a meeting because he overslept.
An employee is late to work because of a punctured tire.
Bella has been at the same job for three years and has a pretty good relationship with her boss. However, she is growing restless and frustrated by the feeling of being overly managed. She wants to make her own decisions, but she increasingly feels like a drone. She has started making more mistakes at work but feeling less and less responsible. To increase her sense of personal responsibility, her supervisor could give her more _________________.
Answer - Autonomy
If a person responds to a particular situation in the same way over a long time period, then the attribution theory states that the behavior demonstrates ________.
Answer - Consistency
________________ refers to attitudes towards people or associate stereotypes with them without our conscious knowledge.
Answer - Implicit Bias
________ refers to evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people, or events. A. Behavior B. Demeanor C. Attitude D. Performance E. Appearance
Attitude
Antwon's boss sent out a memo that included the following. "Effective tomorrow all employees will clock in and out for lunch and will not exceed a maximum 30 minute break. Employees who violate this standard will be subject to a demerit being placed in their HR file to be reviewed at annual evaluations." This type of leadership is indicative of what style? A. Charismatic B. Autocratic C. Servant D. Transformational
Autocratic
In the GLOBE study of organizational behavior and leadership, which of the follow leadership elements was classified as the degree to which leaders are independent and individualistic. A. Charismatic B. Autonomous C. Participative D. Humane
Autonomous
Which of the following types of power focuses on using special skills and knowledge to exercise influence? A. Legitimate power B. Expert power C. Coercive power D. Reward power
Expert power
Unfair discrimination involves noticing and being aware of individual characteristics among people in a group. True False
FALSE
Creating stress in the workplace environment is a negative and managers should strive to maintain an environment free from stressors. True False
False
High status individuals often have little to no freedom to deviate from norms in a group. True False
False
In Loliplex Inc., all persons traveling on business are required to submit receipts through digital software within 12 hours of making business related travel purchases. This is to streamline logistics around travel expenditures. This process indicates a high degree of ____________ at Loliplex Inc. A. Departmentalization B. Boundary spanning C. Formalization D. Micromanagement
Formalization
Conflict in an organization can either be __________, leading to improvement of group performance or ___________, hindering group performance and the achievement of goals. A. Functional / Dysfunctional B. Ethical / Corrupt C. Lucrative / Salacious D. Objurgatory / Abjuratory
Functional / Dysfunctional
The process by which individuals try to control the impressions that others have of them is called ____________.
Impression management
Which of the following statements regarding leadership is true? A. All managers are leaders. B. Informal leadership can be as important as formal leadership. C. All leaders are hierarchically superior to followers. D. Formal appointment is essential in creating leaders.
Informal leadership can be as important as formal leadership.
What is the major problem with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as a measure of personality? A. It indicates results related exclusively to job performance. B. It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another. C. It does not have a clear demarcation between different personality types. D. It has an excess of classifications, which tends to confuse a person. E. It tends to overemphasize intuitive traits over analytical traits.
It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another.
________________ is an increase in job tasks and responsibilities to make a position more challenging. Sometimes called horizontal expansion this can help to stave off boredom.
Job enlargement
The difference between job enlargement and job enrichment is: A. Job enlargement is focused on horizontal expansion and job enrichment is focused on vertical progress. B. Job enlargement means increasing the number of direct reports a person has each month. C. Job enrichment is tied to an increase in pay and long-term organizational commitment.
Job enlargement is focused on horizontal expansion and job enrichment is focused on vertical progress.
Kaia supervises 13 people and tries her best to interact with them all on a regular basis. There are three employees that she supervises who Kaia has trouble connecting with. There is either a big age gap, a values difference, or their personal interests don't connect. What theory of leadership predicts these three employees will likely leave their positions for another job? A. LMX theory B. Transformational Leadership C. Traits theory D. Charismatic Leadership
LMX theory
_______ refers to feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack a direct contextual stimulus - that is are more diffuse. A. Affect B. Thought C. Mood D. Reaction E. Cognition
Mood
________ is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. A. Attribution B. Perception C. Apprehension D. Sensation E. Impression
Perception
Bethany is trying to change the way her department engages with potential clients, but they've been doing things the same way for a long time. She has to get everyone on board and ready to go or her new plan will fall through. It all hinges on how she communicates with her team. What function is communication serving in this scenario? A. Information Exchange B. Feedback C. Management D. Persuasion E. Emotional Sharing
Persuasion
Marquis processes TPS reports for his company. His supervisor informed him that he was supposed to go line by line when filling out reports and turn in five reports each day. Marquis believes if he isn't forced to go line by line then he can fill out 30 reports each week (instead of 25). His supervisor won't listen to him and insists he does it the way he is told. What type of conflict does Marquis have? A. Interpersonal conflict B. Values conflict C. Process conflict D. Fiscal conflict
Process conflict
What is the mental process of making real, something that isn't otherwise real? (such as a community or an organization) A. Extant B. Reification C. Teleology D. Ephemeral
Reification
Which form of leadership holds the strongest orientation toward the well-being of followers and the least focus on self-interest? A. LMX theory B. Traits theory C. Charismatic Leadership D. Servant Leadership
Servant Leadership
As a phenomenon groups are emergent, dynamic, spontaneous, and ephemeral. True False
TRUE
Feedback is the degree to which carrying out work activities generates direct and clear information about one's own performance. True False
TRUE
Simple structures work well in environments that require fast adaptation and flexibility. True False
TRUE
The level of motivation varies both between individuals and within individuals at different times. True False
TRUE
The three components of an attitude are cognition, affect, and behavior True False
TRUE
List the four fields of study that primarily inform the discipline of organizational behavior.
Your Answer: - psychology - social psychology - sociolgy - anthropogy
n Dr. Jae Webb's video from Online Module #2, the concept of leadership was discussed along the spectrum of task focus to people focus. Using this information you need to do two things: List the four types of leadership discussed starting with most task-oriented (1) and ending with the most people-oriented (4). For each type of leadership list the primary way in which these leaders motivate people.
Your Answer: 1. autocratic leadership - through fear 2. transformational leadership - by empowering 3. charismatic leadership - through motivation 4. servant leadership- by leading example
Both your text and lecture over diversity presented six different types of discrimination. Pick one AND provide an example that explains it.
Your Answer: Sexual Harrasment - Example: A manager who is male, hires a lady to be his secretary. He finds the lady very attractive, and proceeds to make moves on her. Tries to find out what she's doing after work, asking her a lot of personal questions but the lady being professional, rejects him. The manager then goes ahead to send her inappriate texts and emails and starts to send her inappropriate photos too. The act of what the manager is doing is called sexual harrasment.
In your Week 2 Reading there as an overview of Ralph Stacey's complex responsive processes (CRP) of human interaction. According to number seven on this list, "patterns of human interaction are shaped by..." three things. Name two of them.
Your Answer: experience childhood upbringing
Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes results in ________. A. attitudinal clarification B. organizational dissonance C. positivity offset D. affective E. cognitive dissonance
cognitive dissonance
The two characteristics that all groups have are: A. being of the same population/having the same emotional response B. sharing something in common/living in the same country C. connected by a shared element of being/coming together D. physical proximity/shared ideologies
connected by a shared element of being/coming together
With reference to the attribution theory, which of the following terms indicates the extent to which an individual displays different behaviors in different situations? A. consistency B. distinctiveness C. integrity D. flexibility E. Incorrect
distinctiveness
Which of the following terms best describes an intense, discrete and short-lived feeling experiences that are often caused by a specific event? A. mood B. emotion C. reasoning D. perception E. cognition
emotion
Emotional intelligence (EI) is critical to effective leadership because one of its core components is ________, which reflects the consideration that leaders must be able to express. A. perfectionism B. optimism C. empathy D. introversion
empathy
In class we discussed to employees from a research study Abby and Angelina. Abby had a low regard for the outcomes of her organization and an overall negative attitude toward the workplace environment, Angelina was the opposite. The study found that this schism in their attitudes was linked to the __________ practiced by their relative supervisors. A. discipline B. empathy C. autonomy D. humor E. Incorrect
empathy
Roles help us to understand ______ a group has of us. A. criticisms B. demands C. expectations D. worries
expectations
According to the job characteristics model, ________ indicates the degree to which carrying out work activities generates direct and clear information about your own performance. A. autonomy B. feedback C. task significance D. skill variety
feedback
Jimmy just got out of a departmental meeting where the boss rolled out a new plan for changing the way sales calls are made. While Jimmy acknowledges the plan has some good elements, he still thinks his boss is a tyrannical dictator. This means that Jimmy is likely to resist the change because... A. he's satisfied with the status quo. B. his values don't align with the new plan. C. he's apathetic toward sales calls. D. he dislikes the change agent.
he dislikes the change agent.
Zhang Wei is of the opinion that people who drive SUVs are rash drivers. He feels that people driving SUVs do not respect road rules and always violate traffic regulations. What personal factor is most likely to be affecting Wei's perception of SUV drivers? A. his personality B. his motive C. his interest D. his financial background E. his expectations
his expectations
Leadership is the ability to __________ a group toward the achievement of a vision. A. push B. direct C. coerce D. influence
influence
Which of the following is the least productive type of group in an organization: formal groups work groups informal groups work teams
informal groups
Which of the following is a factor present in a perceiver which may affect perception? A. sound B. interest C. similarity
interest
According to Antoni Lacinai's 6 Communication Truths it is better to be __________ than ___________. A. persistent / permissive B. loud / quiet C. smart / right D. interested / interesting
interested / interesting
While culture can help members understand what's expected of them, its slowness to change and adjust can be a _______ when quick adaptation is needed. A. liability B. boon C. legal issue D. benefit
liability
Isabelle is never late for work, but last Monday she arrived an hour late because of heavy traffic. According to the attribution theory, Isabelle's behavior on that day scores ________. A. high on reliability B. high on traceability C. low on distinctiveness D. high on stability E. low on consistency
low on consistency
Detail orientation is one of the six primary characteristics that capture the essence of an organization's culture. It indicates the degree to which ________. A. management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on the techniques and processes used to achieve them B. work activities are organized around teams rather than individuals C. management decisions take into consideration the effect of outcomes on people within the organization D. employees are expected to exhibit precision, analysis, and attention to detail
management decisions take into consideration the effect of outcomes on people within the organization
According to the class lectures, which concept in motivation theories deals with the fact that people are prone to engage in reasoning and rationality? A. friendship B. sociality C. meaning-making D. self-sufficiency
meaning-making
The ________ dimension of motivation measures how long a person can maintain effort. A. experience B. persistence C. intensity D. direction E. knowledge
persistence
In part, ________ can be described as the sum of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. A. personality B. skill C. heredity D. knowledge E. talent
personality
Jasmine's colleague Nathan has consistently pestered her to go out on a date with him. Though she has refused his offer several times, he keeps persisting. She found an envelope on her desk from Nathan with inappropriate pictures and cartoons, which left her infuriated. She now intends to go discuss the matter with the human resource department of her company. Which of the following forms of discrimination is Jasmine most likely to cite? A. mobbing B. sexual harassment C. electronic harassment D. exclusion E. cyberstalking
sexual harassment
The difference between work groups and formal groups is that work groups: A. have lower productivity B. are formed by the organization C. share information with each other
share information with each other
According to the class lectures, which concept in motivation theories deals with people's desire to gather acclaim and influence? A. sociality B. friendship C. meaning-making D. self-sufficiency
sociality
Jax is a c-suite executive. In his organization Jax has 13 people who report directly to him and below them are 46 other employees. This gives Jax influence over twice as many people as any other executive in the company. Jax has the broadest _____________ of any of the c-suite executives. A. department B. control group C. span of control D. power house
span of control
Aniyah wants to become the head of the HR department. Although the role comes with a generous salary hike and will put her in charge of several subordinates, she is mainly pursuing this position because she believes she can do the job better than anyone else and wants people to know this. According to McClelland's theory of needs, which of the following needs is Aniyah primarily driven by in this case? A. the need for security B. the need for power C. the need for stability D. the need for achievement E. the need for affiliation
the need for achievement
Trait theories of leadership focus on ________. A. the extent to which followers are willing and able to accomplish a specific task B. the personal qualities and characteristics that differentiate leaders from nonleaders C. the special relationship that leaders establish with a small group of their followers D. the way the leader makes decisions
the personal qualities and characteristics that differentiate leaders from nonleaders
Valerie Sinclair, a climate campaigner at an environmental organization, invariably uses rationale to make decisions for project implementation. She believes that the right decisions can be made only through scrutiny and analysis. Each time she needs to make a decision, she weighs all options before taking action. Which of the following is a characteristic of Sinclair's personality type according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification? A. feeling B. introverted C. thinking D. perceiving E. intuitive
thinking
The ________ theory is also called motivation-hygiene theory. A. hierarchy of needs B. cognitive evaluation C. goal-setting D. self-determination E. two-factor
two-factor
Most attitudes exist A. as a result of political preference. B. due to the novelty of the situation. C. unconsciously as an automated reaction. D. because of genetic predispositions.
unconsciously as an automated reaction.
According to social identity theory, we use groups to help us A. find the right career for our skill set B. understand who we are C. achieve social goals D. get promoted
understand who we are
Job design is defined as the ________. A. degree of decision-making power with the immediate superiors B. degree to which the job rewards competence C. way the elements in a job are organized D. degree to which the job contributes to profit margins
way the elements in a job are organized
Which of the following is the most productive type of group in an organization: A. informal groups B. formal groups C. work groups D. work teams
work teams