MGMT Ch 2 Quiz

In the context of management, rules refer to

formal written instructions that specify actions to be taken under different circumstances.

Large companies like General Electric face challenges in maintaining a competitive edge with innovation because

new products or offerings must be approved by layers of formal bureaucracy, which slows down the process.

Which of the following statements indicates that Megabytes Inc. has implemented an organic structure?

At Megabytes, authority is decentralized to middle and first-line managers.

_____ gives managers the right to direct and control their subordinates' behavior to accomplish organizational goals.

Authority

_______ is the power to hold workers accountable for their actions and to make decisions about the use of organizational resources.

Authority

Paula started a new bakery business. Because she must meet specific requirements from the state health department, Paula has decided to use a mechanistic structure for management. Which of the following supports Paula's choice to organize and control the business with a mechanistic structure?

Employees are closely supervised and follow well-defined rules and standard operating procedures.

_____ refers to the tendency of a closed system to lose its ability to control itself, and thus disintegrate.

Entropy

Which of the following best reflects Mary Parker Follett's views on management and leadership in an organization?

If workers have the relevant knowledge, then workers, rather than managers, should be in control of the work process itself.

Which of the following statements is consistent with the principles of scientific management?

Increase job specialization in order to make the production process more efficient.

Which of the following is true of an open system?

It takes in resources from its external environment and converts them into goods that are then sent back to that environment for purchase by customers.

Which of the following practices was advocated by Mary Parker Follett?

Workers should be allowed to exercise initiative in their everyday work lives.

Which of the following is an example of a company's standard operating procedure?

a compulsory practice of employees cleaning their work areas at the end of each day

Which of the following is an example of a rule?

a general mandatory guideline asking all employees to leave their work machines in good order

In the context of the human relations movement and related studies, who among the following is a "ratebuster?"

a person performing above the work-group performance norm

Job specialization refers the process by which

division of labor occurs as different workers gain expertise in tasks.

According to Henri Fayol, esprit de corps refers to

shared feelings of comradeship, enthusiasm, or devotion to a common cause among members of a group.

The human relations movement advocates that

supervisors be behaviorally trained to manage subordinates.

_____ is the performance gain caused by two or more departments coordinating their efforts.

synergy

According to Henri Fayol, equity refers to

the justice, impartiality, and fairness to which all organizational members are entitled.

Tyler is an engineer at an assembly plant for an auto company. Tyler receives orders from and reports to both his department manager and his project manager. This violates Fayol's principle of

unity of command.

Which of the following is true of centralization in an organization?

Authority is concentrated at the top of the managerial hierarchy.

_____ is the idea that the organizational structures and control systems that are chosen by managers depend on characteristics of the external environment in which the organization operates.

Contingency theory

Midwest Woodworking is a small business run by skilled workers who produce customized and hand-manufactured furniture. _____ production is an example of the products they create.

Crafts

Which of the following explains why Apple operates with an organic structure?

Management is able to stay abreast of technological developments and changing competitive conditions.

_______ is a contemporary approach to management that focuses on the use of rigorous quantitative techniques to assist managers to make the best use of organizational resources to produce goods and services.

Management science theory

Mary Parker Follett's primary criticism of Taylor's system of scientific management was that

Taylor was ignoring the human side of the organization and did not allow workers to exercise initiative and contribute to the organization.

Which of the following is true of norms?

They are informal codes of conduct among employees in a particular company

Henry Fayol believed that in order to increase the efficiency of the management process, it is essential that

all organizational members are entitled to be treated with justice and respect.

According to Taylor, the production process becomes more efficient with:

an increase in division of labor through specialization.

Mayfair Mobile's external environment is changing rapidly, and it responds by decentralizing decisions to lower-level managers so that the organization can react faster. Which of the following types of organizational structure allows this?

an organic structure

Fayol recommended the use of _____ to show the position and duties of each employee and to indicate which positions an employee might move to or be promoted to in the future.

an organizational chart

If a manager designs the organizational hierarchy based on the characteristics of the organizational environment, he is acting in accordance with _____ theory.

contingency

Managers who accept the assumptions of Theory X

counteract workers' natural tendencies to avoid work.

EZtronics' approach to management is consistent with Theory Y because managers at EZtronics

have created a work setting that allows workers to exercise initiative

Communication among managers in Angela's business was slowing down the pace of planning and organizing, so Angela recently merged some of the company's departments and cut back on the number of levels of managers. Which of Fayol's principles of management supports Angela's decision?

line of authority

Chris has a job as a sales representative for a pharmaceutical company. The company offers both quarterly and annual bonuses based on performance. The company also has a profit-sharing plan for its employees. This organization follows Fayol's principle of

remuneration of personnel.

The idea that employees who stay with the organization for many years develop skills on the job which can help the organization to become more efficient is consistent with Fayol's principle of

stability of tenure.

Marcia works at a warehouse and her job involves maintaining an accurate inventory and accurate data for financial statements. Today she received a document from her manager with specific instructions to perform her job tasks. This is an example of:

standard operating procedures (SOPs)

The line of authority in an organization is

the chain of command extending from the top to the bottom of an organization

Which of the following best defines synergy?

the performance gains that result when individuals and departments work together

Smart Lites is a company that manufactures lighting products for industrial businesses. The managers at Smart Lites want to increase the quality of their products. They should opt for _____, a branch of management science that provides tools to analyze the company's input, conversion, and output activities.

total quality management

Josh works for an advertising company. There are several middle managers, but Josh only receives orders from and reports to one manager. Which of the following principles of management by Henri Fayol fits Josh's relationship with his manager?

unity of command

The Marketing Manager at RST Global Inc. developed a five-year marketing plan that was in stark contrast with the objectives outlined in the organization's strategic plan. Which of the principles of Henri Fayol does this go against?

unity of direction

Which of the following revelations from different research studies came to be known as the Hawthorne effect?

workers' productivity being affected more by the attention received from researchers than by the work setting