MGMT Exam 2 Ch. 5

Hindrance stressors

stressful demands that people tend to perceive as hindering their progress toward personal accomplishments or goal attainment.

Challenge Stressors

stressful demands that people tend to perceive as opportunities for learning, growth, and achievement.

Coping

the behaviors and thoughts that people use to manage both the stressful demands they face and the emotional associated with those stressful demands.

Burnout

the emotinoal, mental, and physical exhaustion that results form having to cope with stressful demands on an ongoing basis

emotional support

the help people receive in addressing the emotional distress that accompanies stressful demands

Social support

the help that people receive when they are confronted with stressful demands

Primary appraisal

when people first encounter stressors

Role overload

when the number or demanding roles a person holds is so high that the person simply cannot perform some or all of the roles effectively.

Trina is worried that she won't be able to finish her report on time, so she offers to buy a coworker lunch if he'll help her. This is an example of _____________ coping.

Behavioral

Emily has worked as an animal control officer at the county animal shelter for years and the constant stress has finally caught up with her. She is continually exhausted and has reached the point where she doesn't care about her job and is disillusioned with everything. Emily is experiencing __________ due to this prolonged stress.

Burnout

The type of stressors linked to the attainment of education and achievement are known as ________ stressors.

Challenge

Supportive practices that help employees manage and balance their role demands include which of the following?

Compressed workweeks Telecommuting Flextime

What is the first step in managing stress?

Determining the amount of stress in an organization and its causes

After being fired from her job, Alicia reappraised the situation and decided that, considering how stressful her job had been, she is glad to be out of that "pressure-cooker" environment. This is a form of _______-focused coping.

Emotion

Scott believe in making every moment count. In addition to owning his own successful business, he coaches his son's Little League team and volunteers with his wife at the humane shelter. What type of challenge stressor is Scott experiencing?

Family time demands

Since her divorce, Therese has had trouble making the mortgage payment and paying off the credit card debt accumulated during her marriage. Therese is experiencing what type of nonwork hindrance stressors?

Financial uncertainty

Research has shown that people who experience________ levels of challenge stressors tend to have ________ levels of job performance.

Higher; higher

Research has shown that people who experience _________ levels of hindrance stressors tend to show ________ levels of task performance.

Higher; lower

Which of the following are psychological strains that result from stressors?

Irritability Depression

After staying at home with her child for almost 3 years, Simone has returned to work. Now she is continually pulled between family and professional obligations and feels as if she is disappointing bother her family and her employer. This is an example of what kind of stressor?

Nonwork hindrance

What kind of strains result from stressors affecting the healthy or normal functioning of the systems of the human body?

Physiological

Tonia has a bad cold but goes into the office because an important report is due by the end of the week. Tonia's behavior is known as what phenomenon?

Presenteeism

When stressors enter our lives, our bodies quickly judge situations and decide whether or not they are stressful. What is the name of this process?

Primary Appraisal

Iris gets stressed out when she stops at a crowded supermarket, so she changes her schedule to shop early in the morning when the store isn't as busy. Iris is using _____-focused coping to deal with the stressor.

Problem

Deon's company announced that it would be cutting 30% of the workforce by the end of the quarter. Since then, Deon has been depressed and anxious. Deon is suffering ______ strains as a result of his employment situation.

Psychological

When people hold so many positions that they are unable to complete all the tasks associated with the positions, they are experiencing what phenomenon?

Role overload

A Christian college offers faculty a paid leave from teaching for a semester if they wish to participate in a volunteer abroad program or a mission trip. What is the term for this type of leave?

Sabbatical

Primary appraisal answers the question "is this stressful?" and __________ appraisal poses the question, "What could be done?"

Secondary

Stressors

The demands that cause people to stress

Strains

The negative consequences that occur when demands tax or exceed a person's capacity or resources are called strains

Keyara does her best work when she has a tight deadline for a project because she focuses instead of being distracted. This is an example of what kind of work challenge stressor?

Time pressure

Mercy Hospital offers stress mgmt programs for its employees that are designed to help them recognize sources of stress and teach them stress-reduction skills. What is the name for this type of offering?

Training intervention

True or False--> employees can have different reactions to identical stressors as the result of a number of factors, such as perception, appraisal, and the degree of social support they receive.

True

In which of the following situations would most people feel the most control over a situation?

When they view the stressor as a challenge

What is one major factor people consider with choosing coping strategies?

Whether they believe the strategies have a good chance to succeed

The GE Financial Management Program is designed to help potential employees develop leadership and analytical skills by cycling them through short-term, key assignments in financial planning, accounting, operations analysis, forecasting, cash management, and commercial finance. This is an example of what type of work challenge stressor?

Work complexity

Role ambiguity

a lack of information about what needs to be done in a role, as well as unpredictability regarding the consequences of performance in that role.

Stress

a psychological response to demands that possess certain stakes fro the person and that tax or exceed the person's capacity or resources

work-family conflict

a special form of role conflict in which the demands of a family role

Time pressure

a strong sense that the amount of time that you have to do a task is just not quite enough

problem-focused coping

behaviors and cognition intended to manage the stressful situation itself

Ted has always been a hard-driving, competitive individual. He talks fast, walks fast, and gets angry fast. Ted would likely be described as exhibiting the Type ___________ Behavior Pattern

A

Behavioral strains include which of the following?

Alcohol abuse Overeating Teeth grinding

Jason is frustrated with the group project that is due in his organizational behavior class. His team hasn't met to discuss who is going to do which portion of the project and no deadlines have been set. Jason is experiencing role -______ with his project.

Ambiguity

The transactional theory of stress attempts to explain stress in terms of three components: perception, ________, and response

Appraisal

What are some organizational practices designed to reduce stress on employees?

Employee assistance programs Health and wellness programs

What are some factors in determining why employees experience differing levels of stress?

How much social support the individual receives The nature of the stressors

There are two major types of social support that people can receive when they are confronted with stressful demands; emotional support and ___________ support.

Instrumental

Positive life events

Sources of nonwork challenge stressors

High-level executives and managers often feel physical and mental effects due to the _________ that their demanding jobs cause.

Stress

Psychologists use the term _______ to describe a state of mental or emotional tension resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances

Stress

A(n) ________ is an event, experience, or other stimulus that causes an individual to face stress.

Stressor

Instrumental support

help people receive that can be used to address the stressful demand directly

NEgative life events

nonwork hindrance stressors

Secondary appraisal

center on the issue of how people cope with the various stressors they face.

Supportive practices that help employees manage and balance thier role demands includes whihc of the following

compressed workweeks flextime telecommuting

Role conflict

conflicting expectations that other people may have of us

Transactional theory of stress

how stressors are perceived and appraised, as well as how people respond to those perceptions and appraisals

behavioral coping

involves the set of physical activities that are used to deal with a stressful situation.

Benign job demands

job demands that tend not to be appraised as stressful

Personal development

participation in formal education programs, music lessons, sports-related training, hobby-related self education, participation in local government, or volunteer work

Work responsibility

the nature of the obligations that a person has toward others

Daily hassles

the relatively minor day-to-day demands that get in the way of accomplishing the things that we really want to accomplish.

Cognitive coping

the thoughts that are involved in trying to deal with a stressful situation.

Family time demands

the time that a person commits to participate in an array of family activities and responsibilities

emotion-focused coping

the various ways in which people manage their own emotinoal reactions to stressful demands

financial uncertainty

refers to the conditions that create uncertainties with regard to the loss of livelihood, savings, or the ability to pay expenses

Work complexity

refers to the degree to which the requirements of work- in terms of knowledge, skills, and abilities- tax or exceed the capabilities of a person who is responsible for performing the work