MGMT Quiz 1 all #s pt2N
nearly all technology cycles follow the typical (blank) pattern of innovation
S-curve
Wainscott Finch, a Fortune 500 management consulting firm, conducts Project Management Preparatory Academies for its clients in which participants spend 70 hours learning how to create a differential competitive advantage through their employees. Why?
Satisfied employees yield satisfied customers.
thoroughly studied and tested different work methods to identify the best, most efficient ways to complete a job
Scientific Management
Prior to the introduction of ____, five workers each given an identical task could use five different methods to perform the task with some methods being significantly more efficient than others.
Scientific management.
Three-step process employed by managers Environmental scanning:
Searching the environment for important events or issues that might affect an organization Managers scan the environment to reduce uncertainty. Organizational strategies affect environmental scanning. Environmental scanning contributes to organizational performance.
Decisions were made haphazardly with no standardization of procedures, systematic study, or collection of information
"Seat-of-the-Pants" Management
During an ethical decision-making process, which of these questions must be asked in order to identify a problem?
"What are the factors that make this an ethical problem?"
Organizing
(4 functions of MGMT) Deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom
Planning
(4 functions of MGMT) Determining organizational goals and a means for achieving them
Leading
(4 functions of MGMT) Inspiring and motivating workers to work hard to achieve organizational goals
Controlling
(4 functions of MGMT) Monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed
Middle Manager
-Setting objectives consistent with top management's goals -Planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving the objectives
skip
...
Mistakes Managers Make
1. Insensitive to others 2. Cold, aloof, arrogant 3. Betray trust 4. Overly ambitious: thinking of next job, playing politics 5. Specific performance problems with business 6. Over managing: unable to delegate or build a team 7. Unable to staff effectively 8. Unable to think strategically 9. Unable to adapt to boss with different style 10. Overdependent on advocate or mentor
Which of the following is typically is NOT performed by top managers?
Setting objectives consistent with organizational goals or planning and implementing sub-unit strategies for achieving these objectives.
A (blank) is a performance appraisal process in which feedback is obtained from the boss, subordinates, peers and co-workers as well as the employees themselves
360-degree feedback
What team size usually provides the best performance?
6 to 9
A McDonald's restaurant executive was asked if he thought McDonald's has suffered because of itsslow adaptation to changing consumer tastes. He responded, "It's been such a successful businessmodel that you're always bouncing between 'let's do it because it works' and 'if it's not broken, don'tfix it.'" This dichotomy of how its management thinks about change would be part of McDonald's: a.internal environment b.consumer environment c.sociocultural environment d.general environment e.environmental differentiation
A
A key factor influencing the relationship between companies and their suppliers is: a.how dependent they are on each other b.how much they know about each other c.how compatible their organizational cultures are d.the type of product being manufactured e.all of these
A
A top manager for a management consulting firm would: a.establish a positive organizational culture that encourages employees to be passionateabout their clients b.make sure employees are attired according to the company dress code c.evaluate the performance of individual consultants d.monitor expense statements turned in by consultants e.coordinate activities within and between consultants working in the field and support staff in the office
A
According to Mintzberg, which of the following lists the three major roles managers fulfill while per-forming their jobs?a.interpersonal roles, informational roles, and decisional roles b.informational roles, ethical roles, and action roles c.corporate roles, coordination roles, and informational roles d.decisional roles, informational roles, and organizational roles e.interpersonal roles, intrapersonal roles, and departmental roles
A
According to a book by a Harvard Business School professor, some organizational cultures simplycannot meet the challenges posed by innovation and must respond to threats from new technologies by building outside ventures. Digital Equipment is described as having one of those organizationalcultures that did not have __________. The company squandered the opportunities presented by thePC revolution even though it was well equipped to build cheap PCs. a.adaptability b.synergy c.a formula for success laddering d.knowledge management e.comprehension
A
According to the "What Really Works" box, __________ suggest that a test of general mental abilitywill be a successful predictor of a job applicant's on-the-job performance about 75 percent of the time. a.meta-analyses b.market audits c.employee-fit tests d.job analyses e.social interaction audits
A
Although different companies have different organizational cultures, in all companies organizational culture serves each of the following vital functions, except A) it illustrates tangible outcomes for people who comply. B) it clarifies and reinforces standards of behavior. C) it provides a sense of identity for members. D) it generates commitment to the organizationʹs mission.
A
An accountant with __________ skill has the ability to create a budget, compare the budget to the ac-tual income statement, and determine unnecessary expenses. a.technical b.human c.conceptual d.motivational e.interpersonal
A
An organizationʹs dominant culture A) reflects the core values that generally are shared throughout the organization. B) flows from the values and personality of the organizationʹs founder. C) reinforces the organizations assumptions and core values and ensures that they are perpetuated over time. D) overwhelms the organizationʹs stakeholders, both internal and external.
A
At one time it was very difficult for independent booksellers to carry all the books from the different publishers. Book ordering was time-consuming and frustrating when orders did not arrive in a timelyfashion. Returning unsold books was an equally miserable experience. The creation of IngramDistribution allowed the booksellers to streamline the ordering and return procedures. Ingram made allthe books bookstore owners wanted to carry available in one centralized warehouse. Many new bookstore owners would be unwilling and/or unable to return to the method of ordering books from theindividual publishers. This is an example of the creation of: a.buyer dependence b.pure competition c.transactional freedom d.supplier dependence e.resource scarcity
A
Companies doing a competitive analysis typically err by: a.doing an incomplete job of identifying competitors b.overestimating their competition c.ignoring proactive monitoring d.relying on competitive intelligence e.doing all of these
A
Creating a competitive advantage through people relies heavily on the use of which skill to reward people for providing exceptional customer service? a.motivation to manage b.conceptual c.technical d.interpersonal e.decisional
A
Creativity is enhanced when people are able to take a fresh look at even the most familiar things. This is known as A) divergent thinking. B) creativity heuristics. C) domain-relevant skills. D) productive forgetting.
A
Environmental __________ is affected by environmental complexity, change, and resources. a.uncertainty b.differentiation c.complexity d.essence e.entrepreneurship
A
Home networking is predicted to be the wave of the future. Microprocessors can be used to run up to85 different appliances and such in the average home. You will be able to set a program to record atelevision show, check to see if you turned off your curling iron, turn on and off lights, and dohundreds of other similar tasks from wherever you happen to be. This change in the _____ environment will influence all kinds of businesses from appliance manufacturers to security systems. a.technological b.social c.economic d.cultural e.politica
A
In 2004, Hormel Foods had to recall 104,000 pounds of Stagg canned chili—labeled "hearty beef witha kick of green chilies"—after the kick turned out to come instead from the ground-up parts of a plas-tic handheld calculator. The recall was the application of which management function? a.controlling b.leading c.motivating d.planning e.organizing
A
Many urban areas have installed roadside cameras to record motorists running red lights and givetickets to those whose cars are photographed racing through the intersections. This attempt to savelives by getting people to drive more safely reflects a change in the __________ components of thegeneral environment. a.technological and political/legal b.social and political/legal c.economic and sociocultural d.political/legal and demographic e.demographic and political/legal
A
More premature babies than ever before are surviving due to improvements in medical knowledge andcare. The __________ component of hospitals has influenced this improved survival rate. a.technological b.sociocultural c.economic d.political/legal e.demographic
A
Refer to Coca-Cola. Coke could use _____ to summarize the perceived relationships betweenenvironmental factors and possible organizational responses .a.cognitive maps b.perceptual maps c.response matrices d.behavioral graphs e.response hierarchies
A
Refer to Coca-Cola. Greenpeace would be an example of a(n): a.advocacy group b.boundary-spanning organization c.component of Coke's general environment d.consumer lobbying group e.boycotter
A
Regulators in the European Union have accused brewers of Inbev, Heineken, Grolsch, and Bavaria brand beers of collusion in the Netherlands. The brewers will have to pay 10 percent of their annualglobal sales if they are found guilty. This is an example of how the _____ environment affectsindustries. a.specific b.sociocultural c.competitor d.demographic e.general
A
Robert Rothschild Farm boosted the morale and showed its gratitude to its 75 employees at its retailstore, cafe, and production facility by hosting its first employee appreciation week. It used the man-agement function of _____ to boost morale. a.leading b.commanding c.organizing d.controlling e.resource allocation
A
Small manufacturers often are successful because Wal-Mart agrees to carry their products. If Wal-Mart does not like a price increase, it often will refuse to do business with the manufacturer. At this point, many small manufacturers will offer price reductions because they fear failure if they lose theWal-Mart account. The relationship between these small manufacturers and Wal-Mart can bedescribed as: a.buyer dependent b.relationship based c.transformational d.supplier dependent e.none of these
A
Stan Dali was the most successful salesperson his realty company had ever hired. He quickly was pro-moted to sales manager, but was never able to reach any higher levels of management because of theway he bullied his employees. Dali is an example of a: a.derailer b.staller c.failure d.non-arriver e.laggard
A
Technology is the __________ used to transform inputs (raw materials, information, etc.) into outputs(goods or services). a.knowledge, tools, and techniques b.knowledge and machinery c.plans and machinery d.tools and techniques e.strategy and tactics
A
The Bailey Wildlife Fund was created to act as a protector of wolves, grizzly bears, and other predatory animals. It works with landowners to prevent or reduce predator problems. The nonprofitorganization asks landowners to suggest plans that can be implemented to prevent predators fromattacking their herds, and then the Fund pays to implement those that offer the most universal benefit.This is an example of: a.proactive customer monitoring b.consumer confidence forecasts c.demographic information d.reactive customer monitoring e.a competitive analysis
A
The Rainforest Alliance works to conserve biodiversity and ensure sustainable livelihoods bytransforming land-use practices, business practices, and consumer behavior. The Rainforest AllianceCertified Seal of Approval makes it easy for consumers to know they are buying a sustainably produced product. This nonprofit _____ has convinced McDonald's restaurants in Europe to use itscertified coffee beans. a.advocacy group b.industry regulatory agency c.World Trade Organization d.green marketer e.humanist organization
A
The first step managers use to make sense of their changing environments is: a.environmental scanning b.perceptual re-engagement c.modifying budgets d.downsizing e.benchmarkin
A
The marketing manager of Interstate Bakeries was asked to meet with the organization's research anddevelopment department to explain why the company needed to change its 25-year-old package designfor Twinkies. The marketing manager took on an interpersonal role as: a.liaison b.disseminator c.disturbance handler d.figurehead e.resource allocator
A
The purpose of an organization's mission is to: a.guides the decisions and behaviors of the people who are members of the organization b.is periodically changed in response to external environmental changes c.responds well to behavioral addition and subtraction d.creates a framework for industry-wide comparisons e.allows it to compete internationally
A
The sales manager is in charge of monitoring the expense accounts of her sales force. In this decisionalrole, she acts as a(n): a.resource allocator b.entrepreneur c.disturbance handler d.monitor e.disseminator
A
Walker supervises operations on the chassis assembly line for a large vehicle manufacturer. Most of his time is spent in quality control maintenance, scheduling workers, and training new employees.Walker would be categorized as a: a.first-line manager b.middle manager c.top manager d.team leader e.group facilitator
A
What are the two types of external organizational environments? a.general and specific b.public and private c.global and the national d.organizational and the interpersonal e.market-specific and the product-specific
A
When IBM acquired Lotus, a meeting was held between IBM senior vice president John Thompsonand a group of Lotus senior managers. In preparing for the meeting, the Lotus crew had donned theconservative suits and ties they thought were expected in the traditionally buttoned-down IBM. Theywere shocked when Thompson showed up for the meeting in a T-shirt and jeans because he was tryingto look like a Lotus employee. Both merging companies were trying to show their organizationalculture had a high degree of: a.adaptability b.employee involvement c.consistency d.reliability e.autonom
A
When Samsonite purchased American Tourister, one of the first things the new management did wasto eliminate the gorilla (which had appeared in all American Tourister ads for years and whichrepresented the quality construction of American Tourister luggage). For American Tourister employees, the gorilla had been a symbol of quality and commitment. The executive order to removethe gorilla posters from the walls of offices and factories was one of the means Samsonite used tochange the organizational culture at American Tourister. The gorilla posters were an example of: a.visible artifacts b.iconic representations c.organizational metaphors d.organizational allegories e.imbued artifacts
A
Which of the following is a component of Volkswagen's specific environment and will directlyinfluence how it does business?a.Renault, a French car maker b.laws concerning air bags c.inflation d.gasoline prices e.the fact consumers are buying fewer SUVs
A
Which of the following is a component of the specific environment that would directly influence amuseum's day-to-day operation?a.other museums in the area b.inflation levels c.a growing consumer preference for more primitive art d.more rigid enforcement of the American with Disabilities Act laws e.all of these
A
Which of the following is the LEAST aggressive approach likely to be used by an advocacy group? a.public communications b.media advocacy c.product boycotts d.class action lawsuits e.picketing
A
Which of the following typically is NOT performed by top managers? a.setting objectives consistent with organizational goals or planning and implementing sub-unit strategies for achieving these objectives b.developing in employees the attitudes of commitment to and ownership in the company's performance c.creating a positive organizational culture through language and action d.monitoring the business environment e.creating a context for change
A
_______ is/are a primary source of organizational culture. a.The company's founder b.The organization's competitive strategy c.The industry in which the organization operates d.Employees e.Customers
A
__________ are responsible for creating a positive organizational culture through language and action. a.Top managers b.Middle managers c.Team leaders d.Supervisors e.Group facilitators
A
__________ is designed to aid decision making under conditions of uncertainty. a.Cognitive mapping b.Media advocacy c.A narrow span of management d.A Gantt chart e.An internal audit
A
here have been several studies of managers who fail (derailers) and managers who succeed in climb-ing the organizational hierarchy (arrivers). Which of the following statements describes one of thefacts learned from these studies? a.Derailers are insensitive. b.Arrivers fail to inform others when things will not be done on time. c.Arrivers fail to admit mistakes. d.Arrivers fail to take responsibility for mistakes. e.There are several significant differences between arrivers and derailers
A
Line
A ___ function is an activity that contributes directly to creating or selling the company's products
Competitive Advantage Through People: Reduction of Status Differences
A company should treat everyone, no matter what the job, as equal.
involves deciding who your competitors are, anticipating competitors' moves, and determining competitors' strengths and weaknesses
A competitive analysis
____ involves deciding who your competitors are, anticipating competitors' moves, and determining competitors' strengths and weaknesses.
A competitive analysis.
Planning
A manger engaged in the management function ____is determining organizational goals and the means for achieving them.
Which of the following is a component of a book publisher's general environment and will indirectly influence how it does business?
A trend toward less leisure time.
Which of the following is a type of company most likely to be facing a dynamic environment?
A video game manufacturer.
First-line managers will most likely have to: A)encourage,monitor, and reward the performances of their employees B)periodically monitor company's organizational culture C)monitor the performance of corporate investments D)determine how to deal with long-term enviormental changes E)do none of these
A) encourage,monitor, and reward the performances of their employees
________is/are primary source of organizational culture. A)the company's founder B)the organizations competitive strategy C)customers D)the industry in which organization operates E)employees
A) the company's founder
A manager engaged in the management function of______ is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed A)controlling B)leading C)organizing D)planning
A)Controlling
____is best known for developing the five functions of managers and the fourteen principles of management A)Henri Fayol B)Mary Parker Follett C)Elton Mayo D)Max Weber E)Frank Gilbreth
A)Henri Fayol
Which of the following statements about information management is true? A)Two types of information technology are the cash register and the typewriter B)It is a form of management that appeared with the introduction of computers C)Businesses are not typically interested in information technologies that offer speed D)All of these statement about information management are true E)Throughout history,organizations have been reticent to adopt new information technologies
A)Two types of information technology are the cash register and the typewriter
One of the difficulties encountered in recent mergers has been the inability of employees in the two existing organizational cultures to operate harmoniously. In other words, merging organizations cultures often lack the ____ that would increase the likelihood of a merger's success A)adaptability B)consistency C)involvement D)responsiveness E)validity
A)adaptability
Which of the following management practices can be used by an organization that wants to create a competitive advantage through its employees? A)all of these B)self-managed teams C)sharing information D)high wages contingent on organizational performance E) employment security
A)all of these
At about the same time as management theorist were developing scientific management principals in the United States, Max Weber was in Europe developing: A)bureaucratic management B)human relations management C)group dynamics theory D)systems management E)contingency management
A)bureaucratic management
Which skills increase in their importance to success as managers rise through the managerial ranks? A)conceptual skills and the motivation to manage B) informational skills and the motivation to manage C)human skills and informational skills D)human skills and decisional skills E)conceptual skills, technical skills, and human skills
A)conceptual skills and the motivation to manage
In a departure from mainstream management thinking Mary Follett believed: A)conflict could be beneficial B)rules and procedures should be applied without favoritism C)group dynamics produces positive peer preassure D)work specialization was the key to efficiency E)pay should be performance based
A)conflict could be beneficial
According to Kohlberg's model of moral development,people at the ____make decisions that conform to societal expectations. A)conventional level B)preconventional level C)postconventional level D)amoral level E)unconventional level
A)conventional level
A systems view of management allows managers to: A)deal with the complex enviroment in which their companies operate B)eliminate production bottlenecks C)store and retrieve all types on information D)communicate efficiently E)manage
A)deal with the complex enviroment in which their companies operate
When addressing issues of high___,managers are more aware of the impact their decisions have on others they are more likely to view the decisions as an ethical decision, and they are more likely to worry about doing the right thing. A)ethical intensity B)temporal immediacy C)proximity of effect D)social consensus E)ethical temporarily
A)ethical intensity
___is the strong when decisions have large,certain,immediate consequences and when we are physically or psychologically close to those affected by the decision A)ethical intensity B)the level of ethical involvement C)situational morality D)norm compliance E)ethical variance
A)ethical intensity
The ___ approach to management focuses on the psychological and social aspects of work. A)human relations B)operations C)employee D)reinforcement theory E)systems
A)human relations
__ is the degree to which an organization's external environment has an abundance or scarcity of critical organizational resources A)resource scarcity B)differentiations opportunity C)enviormental dysamism D)enviormental capacity E)enviormental complexity
A)resource scarcity
____occurs when workers deliberately slow down their pace or restrict their work outputs. A)soldiering B)chugging C)lagging D)roadblocking E)job loitering
A)soldiering
According to human relations management___ A)success depends on treating workers well B)effective managers must be able to perform all four managerial functions simutaneously C)success follows from strict adherence to the chain of command principle D)efficiency equals organizational success E)people are simply extensions of the machines they operate
A)success depends on treating workers well
Which type of skills tends to be most important to the success of lower-level managers? A)technical skills B)motivation to manage C)decisional skills D)conceptual skills E)human skills
A)technical skills
Which of the following is NOT an example of a stakeholder group that an organization must satisfy to assure long-term survival? A)the media B)customers C)employees D)governments E)investors
A)the media
Secondary stakeholders are important to a company because: A)they can affect public perceptions and opinions B)they create an awareness of overt organizational integrity C)they have the direct power to control management decisions D)it depends on them for long-term survival E)the company is endangered by a termination of their relationship
A)they can affect public perceptions and opinions
Enviormental____ is affected by the environmental complexity,change, and resources A)uncertainty B)differentiation C)difficulty D)entrepreneurship E)essence
A)uncertainty
Changes in any sector of the general environment___ A)will eventually affect most organizations B)inhibit the innovation process C)tend to slow down how quickly an organizations moves through environmental cycle D)will typically not impact most organizations E)influence customers first and then suppliers
A)will eventually affect most organizations
A manager engaged in the management function of __________ is determining organizational goalsand the means for achieving them. a.planning b.organizing c.leading d.human resources management e.controlling
A. planning
Interstate Bakeries, the makers of Wonder bread, declared bankruptcy in 2003. The company's objec-tives in 2004 were to increase its revenues by at least 5 percent and reduce its net losses by at least 80 percent. Which management function was used to set these goals and will help the company meetthese goals? a.planning b.organizing c.controlling d.motivating e.leading
A. planning
Nestlé was unsuccessful in early attempts to sell its chocolate in India. It discovered its chocolate barswere not suitable for the Indian markets bc the candy had to sit in sunlight w/out air conditioning & got messy. Nestlé adopted an innovation strategy and developed a liquid chocolate, which is very popular. Nestlé used which management function? a.planning b.meeting the competition c.making things happen d.organizing people, processes, and projects e.leading
A. planning
The candy market in Asia has grown as more Asians emulate the American lifestyle, and Hershey has decided that to grow it must start selling to the Asian markets. This decision was part of which management function? a.planning b.organizing c.leading d.controlling e.evaluating
A. planning
29. Which of the following typically is NOT performed by top managers? a. setting objectives consistent with organizational goals or planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these objectives b. developing in employees the attitudes of commitment to and ownership in the company's performance c. creating a positive organizational culture through language and action d. monitoring the business environment e. creating a context for change
ANS: A
32. A top manager for a management consulting firm would: a. establish a positive organizational culture that encourages employees to be passionate about their clients b. make sure employees are attired according to the company dress code c. evaluate the performance of individual consultants d. monitor expense statements turned in by consultants e. coordinate activities within and between consultants working in the field and support staff in the office
ANS: A
35. __________ are responsible for creating a positive organizational culture through language and action. a. Top managers b. Middle managers c. Team leaders d. Supervisors e. Group facilitators
ANS: A
46. Walker supervises operations on the chassis assembly line for a large vehicle manufacturer. Most of his time is spent in quality control maintenance, scheduling workers, and training new employees. Walker would be categorized as a: a. first-line manager b. middle manager c. top manager d. team leader e. group facilitator
ANS: A
52. According to Mintzberg, which of the following lists the three major roles managers fulfill while performing their jobs? a. interpersonal roles, informational roles, and decisional roles b. informational roles, ethical roles, and action roles c. corporate roles, coordination roles, and informational roles d. decisional roles, informational roles, and organizational roles e. interpersonal roles, intrapersonal roles, and departmental roles
ANS: A
77. Creating a competitive advantage through people relies heavily on the use of which skill to reward people for providing exceptional customer service? a. motivation to manage b. conceptual c. technical d. interpersonal e. Decisional
ANS: A
A manager engaged in the management function of __________ is determining organizational goals and the means for achieving them. a. planning b. organizing c. leading d. human resources management e. Controlling
ANS: A
According to the "What Really Works" box, __________ suggest that a test of general mental ability will be a successful predictor of a job applicant's on-the-job performance about 75 percent of the time. a. meta-analyses b. market audits c. employee-fit tests d. job analyses e. social interaction audits
ANS: A
Nestlé was unsuccessful in early attempts to sell its chocolate in India. It discovered its chocolate bars were not suitable for the Indian markets because the candy had to sit in direct sunlight without benefit of air conditioning and became messy. Nestlé adopted an innovation strategy and developed Chocostick, a liquid chocolate, which is very popular. Nestlé used which management function to solve its problem? a. planning b. meeting the competition c. making things happen d. organizing people, processes, and projects e. Leading
ANS: A
__________ is defined as getting work done through others a. Management b. Planning c. Organizing d. Strategizing e. Controlling
ANS: A
83. Stan Dali was the most successful salesperson his realty company had ever hired. He quickly was promoted to sales manager, but was never able to reach any higher levels of management because of the way he bullied his employees. Dali is an example of a: a. derailer b. staller c. failure d. non-arriver e. Laggard
ANS: A A derailer is a manager who was successful at the beginning, but gets knocked off the fast track.
70. The sales manager is in charge of monitoring the expense accounts of her sales force. In this decisional role, she acts as a(n): a. resource allocator b. entrepreneur c. disturbance handler d. monitor e. Disseminator
ANS: A A resource allocator decides who gets what resources.
24. In 2004, Hormel Foods had to recall 104,000 pounds of Stagg canned chili—labeled "hearty beef with a kick of green chilies"—after the kick turned out to come instead from the ground-up parts of a plastic handheld calculator. The recall was the application of which management function? a. controlling b. leading c. motivating d. planning e. Organizing
ANS: A Controlling is the monitoring of progress toward the achievement of goals and then taking what corrective action is indicated by the monitoring.
55. The marketing manager of Interstate Bakeries was asked to meet with the organization's research and development department to explain why the company needed to change its 25-year-old package design for Twinkies. The marketing manager took on an interpersonal role as: a. liaison b. disseminator c. disturbance handler d. figurehead e. resource allocator
ANS: A In a liaison role, managers deal with people outside their units.
26. Robert Rothschild Farm boosted the morale and showed its gratitude to its 75 employees at its retail store, cafe, and production facility by hosting its first employee appreciation week. It used the management function of _____ to boost morale. a. leading b. commanding c. organizing d. controlling e. resource allocation
ANS: A Leading involves inspiring employees to work harder to achieve organizational goals.
30. After declaring bankruptcy in 2003, Interstate Bakeries, the makers of Twinkies, Ho Hos, and Ding Dong snack cakes, decided to modernize its products' look by redesigning its packaging. __________ would be responsible for implementing this package change. a. middle management b. First-line management c. Team leaders d. Product supervisors e. Top management
ANS: A Middle managers implement the strategies needed to achieve top management's goals.
Interstate Bakeries, the makers of Wonder bread, declared bankruptcy in 2003. The company's objectives in 2004 were to increase its revenues by at least 5 percent and reduce its net losses by at least 80 percent. Which management function was used to set these goals and will help the company meet these goals? a. planning b. organizing c. controlling d. motivating e. Leading
ANS: A Planning is determining organizational objectives and a means for achieving them.
The candy market in Asia has grown recently as more Asians emulate the American lifestyle, and Hershey has decided that to grow it must start selling to the Asian markets. This decision was part of which management function? a. planning b. organizing c. leading d. controlling e. Evaluating
ANS: A Planning is determining organizational objectives and a means for achieving them.
73. An accountant with __________ skill has the ability to create a budget, compare the budget to the actual income statement, and determine unnecessary expenses. a. technical b. human c. conceptual d. motivational e. Interpersonal
ANS: A Technical skills are the ability to apply the specialized procedures, techniques, and knowledge required to get the job done.
86. There have been several studies of managers who fail (derailers) and managers who succeed in climbing the organizational hierarchy (arrivers). Which of the following statements describes one of the facts learned from these studies? a. Derailers are insensitive. b. Arrivers fail to inform others when things will not be done on time. c. Arrivers fail to admit mistakes. d. Arrivers fail to take responsibility for mistakes. e. There are several significant differences between arrivers and derailers.
ANS: A The alternatives beginning "Arrivers" describe derailers, not arrivers. Arrivers have only one fatal flaw, and derailers have at least two fatal flaws.
53. Which of the following is an example of an interpersonal role? a. figurehead b. monitor c. disseminator d. resource allocator e. Spokesperson
ANS: A The other interpersonal roles are leader and liaison.
27. Eastman Kodak owns a company that manufactures dental radiation equipment. The company, which is run as an independent unit, has experienced excessive financial losses the last three years. The __________ for the company would be expected to develop the long-term plans needed to make the company profitable. a. supervising manager b. top manager c. first-line manager d. middle manager e. department manager
ANS: B
41. Typical responsibilities for __________ include coordinating and linking groups, departments, and divisions within a company. a. top managers b. middle managers c. vice presidents d. team leaders e. first-line managers
ANS: B
42. It is the responsibility of __________ to develop intermediate plans, designed to produce results within six to eighteen months. a. top managers b. middle managers c. first-line managers d. group facilitators e. team leaders
ANS: B
43. First-line managers will most likely have to: a. monitor the performance of corporate investments b. encourage, monitor, and reward the performances of their employees c. determine how to deal with long-term environmental changes d. periodically monitor the company's organizational culture e. do none of these
ANS: B
50. The CEO of Camper brand shoes expects its designers to operate like a team when they create new shoe designs. Most of its designers do not have a background in fashion so it is important that they share their expertise. Each team has a leader who is responsible for: a. developing organizational codes of ethics b. managing external and internal team relationships c. developing growth strategies d. coordinating the performances of all teams e. doing all of these
ANS: B
51. Team leaders typically: a. conduct quality control audits b. manage external and internal relationships c. act as department liaisons d. oversee strategy implementation e. do all of these
ANS: B
66. In the __________ role, managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to change. a. resource allocator b. entrepreneur c. disturbance handler d. liaison e. Disseminator
ANS: B
76. What type of skills tends to be equally important at all levels of management? a. technical skills b. human skills c. decisional skills d. motivation to manage e. conceptual skills
ANS: B
81. Managers need different skills to perform their various roles successfully. A middle manager who assumed a negotiator role when dealing with employees would rely most heavily on his or her __________ skills. a. decisional b. human c. conceptual d. technical e. Informational
ANS: B
A business school administrator who is determining what classes will be offered in which rooms and who will teach each specific class is involved in which classical management function? a. making things happen b. organizing c. controlling d. motivating e. Leading
ANS: B
A manager striving to improve organizational __________ is accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives. a. Efficiency b. Effectiveness c. Functionality d. Synergy e. Productivity
ANS: B
According to the "What Really Works" box, a(n) __________ is a type of study that often shows the conditions under which management techniques may work better or worse in the real world. a. social audit b. meta-analysis c. effectiveness analysis d. SWOT analysis e. risk assessment
ANS: B
The candy market in Asian has grown recently as more Asians emulate the American lifestyle, and Hershey has decided that to grow it must start selling to the Asian markets. Which management function will help determine who decides how Hershey will get its products into the small pop-and-mom retail outlets that are prevalent in China? a. planning b. organizing c. leading d. controlling e. Evaluating
ANS: B
75. In 2004, Nextel put up a billboard in Cleveland advertising its wireless data service with a mannequin of a laptop user perched on top. The billboard caused fender-benders as drivers gawked, concerned that a distraught soul had climbed up and was ready to jump. A Nextel marketing manager would use __________ skills to determine that the mannequin is creating bad publicity for Nextel. a. informational b. conceptual c. technical d. interpersonal e. Decisional
ANS: B Conceptual skills are the ability to see the organization as a whole and understand how its different parts impact each other and its environment.
One of the reasons for the slow response to help the victims of Hurricane Katrina was an antiquated FEMA system that was bogged down in bureaucratic red tape. In other words, the failure of assistance to arrive in a timely fashion was due to a lack of: a. apathy b. efficiency c. instrumentality d. effectiveness e. the absence of entropy
ANS: B Efficiency means getting work done with a minimum of effort, expense, or waste.
68. Connie O'Day is a middle manager for the publishers of Free Spirit magazine, a publication targeted to women who are not worried about finding a husband or maintaining a house and garden. She spends much of her day conducting interviews with groups of women to determine what they consider most important in their lives. She also keeps an eye on the sales and content of other women's magazines. Which informational role does O'Day perform? a. entrepreneur b. monitor c. resource allocator d. spokesperson e. Liaison
ANS: B In the monitor role, managers scan their environments for information, actively contact others for information, and because of their personal contacts, receive a great deal of unsolicited information.
34. As a result of the 2005 blackout in Los Angeles, __________ in the police department had to determine which police officers were going to work overtime. a. top managers b. middle managers c. administrative managers d. first-line managers e. team leaders
ANS: B Middle managers are responsible for planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving the objectives of top managers.
82. There have been several studies of managers who fail (derailers) and managers who succeed in climbing the organizational hierarchy (arrivers). At the death of her husband, Miriam McAllister became the CEO of a company that is the world's leading manufacturer of kidney dialysis machines and encouraged its expansion into other hospital services. McAllister has almost doubled her company's revenues since she took control. As an arriver, McAllister would be: a. unable to adapt her style of management to what was needed by her subordinates b. sensitive to others c. cold, aloof, and arrogant d. overly ambitious e. abrasive and intimidating
ANS: B The number one mistake made by derailers is their insensitivity to others.
87. As the shift supervisor at a car wash, Jakob is bossy, arrogant, and insensitive to the needs of his subordinates. He is unable to delegate any tasks to the other employees. He will more than likely never be a middle or top manager because he: a. is a management laggard b. is a derailer c. does not understand the importance of synergy d. is not a hands-on doer e. is a non-arriver
ANS: B The number one mistake made by derailers is their insensitivity to others.
31. A middle manager for a manufacturer of environmentally friendly packaging would: a. monitor how consumers feel about environmental waste b. schedule vacation time for employees c. determine how the company was going to implement a plan calling for a 10 percent decrease in costs d. be responsible for maintaining a positive organizational culture e. do all of these
ANS: C
33. The chairs of the accounting, marketing, and communications departments at a typical university are assuming the roles of __________ because they supervise nonmanagerial employees. a. supervising managers b. top managers c. first-line managers d. middle managers e. department managers
ANS: C
44. Managers who train and supervise the performance of nonmanagerial employees, and who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services, are categorized as: a. general managers b. middle managers c. first-line managers d. team leaders e. top managers
ANS: C
48. A __________ for a McDonald's fast-food restaurant would be responsible for placing orders for food and paper supplies and for setting up weekly work schedules. a. corporate vice president b. middle manager c. first-line manager d. division supervisor e. top manager
ANS: C
49. Middle managers will most likely have to: a. facilitate a bottom-up planning approach to supervising b. manage the performance of entry-level employees c. implement the changes generated by top managers d. develop employees' commitment to and ownership of the company's performance e. monitor long-term environmental trends
ANS: C
54. According to Mintzberg, managers engaged in __________ roles are talking to people inside and outside the organization. a. decisional b. conceptual c. interpersonal d. informational e. Motivational
ANS: C
78. The ability to perform __________ increases in its importance to success as managers rise through the managerial ranks. a. interpersonal skills b. human skills c. conceptual skills d. informational skills e. technical skills
ANS: C
79. Which skills increase in their importance to success as managers rise through the managerial ranks? a. human skills and decisional skills b. informational skills and the motivation to manage c. conceptual skills and the motivation to manage d. conceptual skills, technical skills, and human skills e. human skills and informational skills
ANS: C
25. As the human resources manager for Spring Engineering and Manufacturing Corp. in Canton, Michigan, Kim Radeback had to find inexpensive ways to reward employees and bolster morale during a sales-flattening economic downturn. Radeback had to engage in which management function? a. planning b. organizing c. leading d. controlling e. Evaluating
ANS: C A manager engaged in the management function of leading is inspiring and motivating workers to continue to work hard to achieve organizational goals.
- 80. In 2007, Rupert Murdoch, the owner of a global newspaper empire, met with his top executives to determine survival strategies for newspapers in the face of increasing audience migration to online sources of news. Which skills will be most important in developing this strategy? a. interpersonal skills b. human skills c. conceptual skills d. informational skills e. technical skills
ANS: C Conceptual skills are the ability to see the organization as a whole and understand how its different parts affect each other and its environment.
23. Southern Living magazine was forced to pull its April 2004 issue off newsstands and mail warnings to 2.5 million subscribers after it became clear that a recipe for dinner rolls described as "little pillows from heaven" created a rather impressive firestorm. The management function of _____ was used when the warnings were mailed to subscribers. a. planning b. organizing c. controlling d. motivating e. Leading
ANS: C Controlling is taking corrective action when necessary.
In 2004, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spent a total of $75 million to launch mid-calorie sodas, C2 and Pepsi Edge, banking on the low-carb trend. Carb-conscious consumers rejected the drinks en masse since one of their key tenets is avoiding refined sugar in any amount. The new brands grabbed a combined market share of less than 1 percent. Given that the objective of both soft drink manufacturers was to increase their market share, the introductions were notably: a. synergistic b. empathetic c. inefficient d. autonomous e. reciprocal
ANS: C Efficiency is getting work done with a minimum of effort, expense, and waste.
57. What interpersonal role, as defined by Mintzberg, was the CEO of Whole Foods assuming when he slashed his salary from $1 million to $1 to avoid the huge salary disparities that negatively influence employee morale in many corporations? a. figurehead b. monitor c. leader d. negotiator e. Spokesperson
ANS: C In the leader role, managers motivate and encourage workers to accomplish organizational goals.
62. During a meeting of the Ambulatory Care Nursing Association (ACNA) board of directors, a commitment was made to ask members for their feedback about their experiences with and perceptions of ACNA. The head of the organization said, "The essence of being a leader is to make sure the organization knows itself." Then she volunteered to conduct the environmental scanning and share what she learned with the others. What informational roles is she assuming? a. liaison and spokesperson b. resource allocator and liaison c. monitor and disseminator d. negotiator and monitor e. spokesperson and liaison
ANS: C In the monitor role, she conducts environmental scanning. In the disseminator role, she shares what she has learned.
When Ruth was hired to be the second-in-command at Graham Mailing Services, she was told that her job was to deal with the employees to make sure they got the mailing done to the customers' specifications. She was not instructed on how to run machines or in any other technical area because hers was a job in: a. marketing b. relationship control c. management d. customer service e. Strategizing
ANS: C Management is getting work done through others.
45. During the week of August 9 in 2004, Robert Rothschild Farm boosted the morale and showed its gratitude to its 75 employees at its retail store, cafe, and production facility by hosting its first employee appreciation week. A _____ manager more than likely planned the employee picnic, selected and ordered the awards, and encouraged workers to attend. a. marketing b. team c. first-line d. top e. Middle
ANS: C One of the duties of the first-line manager is to reward the performance of others.
65. Jimmy Wales is the CEO of Wikipedia, a user-generated encyclopedia 42 times the size of Encyclopedia Britannica. At the inception of the online project, Wales had to assume the decisional role of _____ as he dealt with critics of the project who contended that allowing anyone to enter data into the encyclopedia would lead to inconsistencies and misinformation. a. resource allocator b. entrepreneur c. disturbance handler d. liaison e. Disseminator
ANS: C The disturbance handler role is played when managers must respond to severe problems demanding immediate attention.
71. In Great Britain, Nestlé introduced a candy bar called Yorkie with the slogan "It's not for girls!" The resulting furor over this sexist campaign required its British managers to spend a great deal of time in the role of: a. resource allocators b. entrepreneurs c. disturbance handlers d. liaisons e. Disseminators
ANS: C The disturbance handler role is played when managers must respond to severe problems that demand immediate attention.
67. In March 2005, Spiegel announced to the media that it was nearing the completion of its corporate restructuring and was one step closer to emerging from Chapter 11 status after filing its proposed joint plan of reorganization. According to Mintzberg, which managerial role would have been adopted in order to make this announcement to the media? a. environmental b. controller c. spokesperson d. entrepreneur e. Interpersonal
ANS: C The spokesperson shares information with people outside the company.
21. A manager engaged in the management function of __________ is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed. a. planning b. organizing c. leading d. controlling e. Motivating
ANS: D
47. A first-line manager for a large electric generator manufacturer would: a. monitor how its customers feel about electric-powered engines b. determine if the company needed to increase its production by adding another shift c. monitor and manage the performance of the company's international subsidiaries d. manage the performance of employees who actually build the generators e. do all of these
ANS: D
59. Lorenzo Fluza is the owner and CEO of the company that makes Camper shoes. Mintzberg would describe Lorenzo Fluza as taking a leader role within the organization. This means he spends much of his time: a. negotiating b. responding to instrumental change c. performing ceremonial duties d. motivating and encouraging its employees to meet their organizational objectives e. ignoring interpersonal roles
ANS: D
89. After their first year of managerial experience, managers tend to: a. exercise more formal authority b. do less listening and more telling c. view themselves as the boss d. use more positive reinforcement e. do all of these
ANS: D
90. After a year as a manager, new managers typically realize their job is: a. to be a troubleshooter b. to manage tasks c. just as they expected d. people development e. to be a problem-solver
ANS: D
According to the "What Really Works" box, meta-analysis is of value to and will benefit: a. investors and financial institutions b. any student of business c. all stakeholders d. management scholars and practicing managers e. none of these
ANS: D
According to the "What Really Works" box, which of the following statements about meta-analysis is true? a. Meta-analysis is a statistical technique applicable only in a single research study. b. Meta-analysis is of value to all organizational stakeholders. c. Statistics generated through meta-analysis cannot be converted to an understandable format. d. Meta-analysis shows the conditions under which management techniques may work better or worse in the real world. e. Meta-analysis only benefits inexperienced managers.
ANS: D
20. In 2004, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) announced that it was going to overcome the "digital divide" by making a $100 laptop for the poor children of the world. By relying strongly on the _____ function of management, MIT has nearly achieved its goal. a. planning b. organizing c. leading d. controlling e. Evaluating
ANS: D Controlling is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and then taking corrective action when the project goal appears to be unreachable.
85. Inchow Environments, Inc. was once a successful manufacturer of fishing lures. It hired a new CEO who was a derailer. As a derailer, the new CEO: a. refused to listen to the advice given him by the previous CEO b. was too flexible c. preferred to take the role of figurehead d. could not think strategically e. is accurately described by all of these
ANS: D One of many fatal flaws that derailers have is the inability to think strategically.
To achieve its goal of increased market share, Krispy Kreme launched a program in Palm Beach County, Florida, that awards grade-school students a free doughnut for every A on their report cards. Which management function was used to create this program? a. controlling b. leading c. focusing d. planning e. Organizing
ANS: D Planning is determining the means to achieve an organizational goal.
38. As the human resources manager for Spring Engineering and Manufacturing Corp. in Canton, Michigan, Kim Radeback had to find inexpensive ways to reward employees and bolster morale during a sales-flattening economic downturn. Radeback is an example of a: a. supervising manager b. top manager c. first-line manager d. middle manager e. department manager
ANS: D The human resources department is a division. A divisional manager is a middle manager.
36. Robert Rothschild Farm boosted the morale and showed its gratitude to its 75 employees at its retail store, cafe, and production facility by hosting its first employee appreciation week. "It was a good mix of fun and learning," said Robin Coffey, marketing manager. Coffey is an example of a: a. supervising manager b. top manager c. first-line manager d. middle manager e. department manager
ANS: D The marketing department is a division. A division manager is a middle manager.
. 92. Leon Dodd is a member of a self-managed team at Standard Aero Alliance, Inc. (SAAI). His team's top priorities are understanding customer requirements and expectations. It would appear that SAAI is: a. using employee benchmarking b. allowing its employees to assume various decisional roles c. letting its teams handle all planning functions d. using its employees to create a competitive advantage e. relying more on conceptual skills than human skills
ANS: D The use of self-managed teams is one management practice suggested as a way to create a competitive advantage through employees.
28. In 2004, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spent a total of $75 million to launch mid-calorie sodas, C2 and Pepsi Edge, banking on the low-carb trend. Carb-conscious consumers rejected the drinks en masse since one of their key tenets is avoiding refined sugar in any amount. The new brands grabbed a combined market share of less than 1 percent. Coke's and PepsiCo's __________ would be responsible for determining that the product should be deleted from each of their product lines. a. middle management b. first-line management c. team leaders d. product supervisors e. top management
ANS: E
39. Typical responsibilities for __________ include setting objectives consistent with organizational goals and then planning and implementing the subunit strategies for achieving these goals. a. top managers b. shift supervisors c. first-line managers d. team leaders e. middle managers
ANS: E
40. Middle managers typically: a. plan and allocate resources b. coordinate and link groups and departments c. implement changes and strategies generated by top managers d. monitor the activities of first-line managers who report to them e. do all of these
ANS: E
69. The informational role managers play when they share information they have collected with their subordinates and others in the company is called the __________ role. a. monitor b. figurehead c. resource allocator d. entrepreneur e. Disseminator
ANS: E
74. Which type of skills tends to be most important to the success of lower-level managers? a. decisional skills b. human skills c. conceptual skills d. motivation to manage e. technical skills
ANS: E
88. After six months as a manager, new managers typically believe their job is: a. to provide negative reinforcement b. to exercise formal authority c. to maintain control and avoid delegation d. people development e. to solve problems for subordinates
ANS: E
91. Which of the following management practices can be used by an organization that wants to create a competitive advantage through its employees? a. self-managed teams b. employment security c. high wages contingent on organizational performance d. sharing information e. doing all of these
ANS: E
A U.S. Marine drill instructor motivating new recruits to challenge themselves is engaged in which management function? a. planning b. organizing c. controlling d. motivating e. Leading
ANS: E
_____ is the accomplishment of tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives. a. Benchmarking b. Optimizing c. Satisficing d. Efficiency e. Effectiveness
ANS: E
84. There have been several studies of managers who fail (derailers) and managers who succeed in climbing the organizational hierarchy (arrivers). Which of the following statements describes one of the facts learned from these studies? a. Arrivers differ significantly from derailers. b. Arrivers have no weaknesses. c. Arrivers and derailers both possess two or more fatal flaws regarding how they manage people. d. The number one mistake of derailers was that they were unable to think strategically. e. Arrivers are sensitive to the feelings of others.
ANS: E Both arrivers and derailers are talented. Arrivers have weaknesses just like derailers. Arrivers typically have no more than one fatal flaw. The number one mistake of derailers is that they are insensitive to the needs of others.
63. At the death of her husband, Miriam McAllister became the CEO of a company that is the world's leading manufacturer of kidney dialysis machines. Even though she was not expected to, she quickly asked company employees to develop ideas for new products that would lead to organizational growth in a changing environment. The decisional role she took on was that of a(n): a. leader b. disseminator c. resource allocator d. spokesperson e. Entrepreneur
ANS: E In the entrepreneur role, managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to change.
64. Jurgen Strube was the CEO of BASF for ten years. In 2007, he was replaced by Jurgen Hambrecht. Strube's style of management was described as "restrained formality." Hambrecht, on the other hand, is known to have an easy affability. What decisional role will the company's middle managers need to assume in order to adapt themselves to the new CEO's different personality? a. leader b. disseminator c. resource allocator d. spokesperson e. Entrepreneur
ANS: E In the entrepreneur role, managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to change.
72. According to Mintzberg, which role would a manager assume if she were trying to convince union members to accept a 25-cent-per-hour reduction in pay in order to keep the manufacturing plant open? a. resource allocator b. entrepreneur c. disturbance handler d. liaison e. Negotiator
ANS: E In the negotiator role, managers negotiate schedules, projects, goals, resources, and employee raises.
60. As described by Mintzberg, a marketing manager who was hired by a manufacturer of plumbing fixtures to operate information booths at more than twenty different international trade shows annually would have the informational role of: a. entrepreneur b. resource allocator c. figurehead d. communicator e. Spokesperson
ANS: E In the spokesperson role, managers share information with people outside the firm.
61. According to a speech to a forum for retail leaders made by Dr. Hans-Joachim Koerber, "Sustained growth is essential. Sustaining growth is a challenge for virtually every company." Koerber is the CEO of Metro Group, Germany's largest retailer, which has more than 2,400 stores in 30 countries. What informational role did Koerber assume? a. liaison b. resource allocator c. figurehead d. negotiator e. Spokesperson
ANS: E In the spokesperson role, managers share information with people outside their company.
58. At the death of her husband, Miriam McAllister became the CEO of a company that is the world's leading manufacturer of kidney dialysis machines. It was believed when she took the position that she would only perform ceremonial duties and would not want to be actively involved in the running of the company. In other words, it was assumed she would be a: a. resource allocator b. monitor c. disseminator d. spokesperson e. Figurehead
ANS: E It was assumed that McAllister would perform ceremonial duties.
22. Jane is in charge of her Rotary Club's annual fund-raising auction. She will decide who will ask local businesses for prizes, who will determine the site, who will sell tickets to customers, and who will work the night of the auction. She is engaged in the management function of: a. planning b. controlling c. leading d. resource allocation e. Organizing
ANS: E Organizing is deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs, and who will work for whom.
In November 2004, designer Karl Lagerfeld partnered with Swedish retailer Hennes & Mauritz to sell an affordable line of high-fashion clothing, which Lagerfeld will design exclusively for the retailer. Hennes & Mauritz will take responsibility for manufacturing and marketing the clothes. Which management function guided the alliance between the designer and the retailer? a. controlling b. leading c. motivating d. planning e. Organizing
ANS: E Organizing is deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs, and who will work for whom.
56. Millard Fuller, who founded the world-renowned Christian housing ministry Habitat for Humanity International with his wife, ended his service as president in 2005. In 2004 Fuller had been forced into assuming a figurehead role since the hiring of a new managing director. What did Fuller do? a. He distributed critical information to employees. b. He monitored the environment. c. He helped the organization adapt to incremental changes. d. He negotiated salaries, raises, and promotions. e. He performed ceremonial duties like greeting company visitors.
ANS: E The figurehead role is an interpersonal role in which the manager in that role represents the company in various ways to the external environment.
37. _____ were most likely responsible for Hershey's decision to sell its products in the Asian markets. a. General managers b. Middle managers c. First-line managers d. Team leaders e. Top managers
ANS: E Top managers are responsible for creating change and long-term strategies.
While interpersonal conflict management is a critical skill for first-line managers, it is not a very important skill for team leaders
ANS: F
Middle managers engage in plans and actions that typically produce results within two weeks
ANS: F First-line managers engage in such plans and actions. Middle managers plan 6 to 18 months out
While good management is basic to starting and growing a business, once some measure of success has been achieved, good management becomes less important.
ANS: F Good management is basic to starting a business, growing a business, and maintaining a business once it has achieved some measure of success.
When the CEO of Whole Foods slashed his salary from $1 million to $1 to avoid the huge salary disparities that negatively influence employee morale in many corporations, he was using the management function of organizing
ANS: F In inspiring and motivating the employees, the CEO was using the management function of leading.
Team leaders direct the work of individuals within the team structure
ANS: F Instead of directing individuals' work, team leaders facilitate team activities toward goal accomplishment
According to the What Really Works box, meta-analysis is useful for management theorists and researchers, but it has little value for the practicing manager
ANS: F Meta-analysis is also useful for practicing managers, because it shows what works and the conditions under which management techniques may work better or worse in the "real world."
Mintzberg concluded that managers fulfill three major roles while performing their jobs. These roles are categorized as interpersonal roles, organizational roles, and decisional roles
ANS: F Mintzberg's roles were interpersonal roles, informational roles, and decisional roles.
After taking this course, you will have a very clear idea of what you will be expected to do as a manager
ANS: F Most of the new managers conclude that their initial expectations about managerial work were wrong.
As the health-care team leader for Commerce Bank, Emmett Conlon is responsible for facilitating his team's performance and should not be involved with any employees outside of his team
ANS: F Team leaders are responsible not only for facilitating team performance, but also for acting as liaisons between their teams and other company teams.
Technical skill refers to the ability to see the organization as a whole, how the different parts affect each other, and how the company fits into or is affected by its environment.
ANS: F Technical skill refers to the ability to apply the specialized procedures, techniques, and knowledge required to get the job done. The foregoing defines conceptual skill.
Conceptual skills are most important for lower-level managers.
ANS: F Technical skills are most important for lower-level managers.
Only first-line managers need technical skills.
ANS: F Technical skills are most important for team leaders and first-line managers, but they are also essential for other managerial jobs.
The classical functions of management are (1) making things happen, (2) meeting the competition, (3) organizing people, projects, and processes, and (4) leading
ANS: F The classical functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
The decisional roles consist of four subroles. They are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and spokesperson
ANS: F The four subroles are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator.
The job of team leader would NOT be considered a management position
ANS: F The job of team leader is indeed one of the four kinds of management jobs, which are top managers, middle managers, first-line managers, and team leaders.
The number one mistake made by managers who were "derailed" from their fast track movement up the managerial ranks was that they didn't develop the necessary technical skills
ANS: F The number one mistake made by managers who were "derailed" from their fast track movement up the managerial ranks was that they were insensitive to others by virtue of their abrasive, intimidating, and bullying management style.
The three interpersonal subroles are monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson
ANS: F The three interpersonal subroles are figurehead, leader, and liaison
Typical titles used for top managers are general manager, plant manager, regional manager, and divisional manager
ANS: F These are typical titles for middle managers, not top managers.
First-line managers are responsible for setting objectives consistent with organizational goals and planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these objectives
ANS: F This is the responsibility of middle managers.
Top managers are the managers responsible for facilitating team activities toward goal accomplishment
ANS: F Top managers are executives responsible for the overall direction of the organization: team leaders are the managers responsible for facilitating team activities toward goal accomplishment.
12. Bandai, the third-largest toy maker in the world, has embarked on a series of acquisitions in an effort to become the leading toy maker in the world. The decision to adopt this goal was most likely made by its top management
ANS: T
A management study discovered that companies that invest in their people will create long-term competitive advantages that are difficult for other companies to duplicate
ANS: T
According to What Really Works, Meta-Analysis, meta-analysis is a research tool that combines the results of a number of research studies
ANS: T
Companies look for a total of four sets of skills in individuals to identify potential managers. These desired skills are technical skills, human skills, conceptual skills, and motivation to manage
ANS: T
Companies that plan have larger profits and faster growth than companies that don't.
ANS: T
First-line managers are the only managers who do not supervise other managers
ANS: T
For many managers, the knowledge, skills, and abilities that led to success early in their careers (i.e., prior to their promotion into the ranks of management) may not necessarily help them succeed as managers.
ANS: T
In the entrepreneur role, managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to change
ANS: T
Middle managers are typically responsible for coordinating and linking groups, departments, and divisions within a company
ANS: T
The Procter & Gamble manager who oversaw the manufacturing changes that were needed to make smaller, more environmentally safe cartons of Tide detergent had to be strong in both human and technical skills
ANS: T
The motivation to manage tends to be higher among managers at higher levels in the organization than it is among managers at lower levels in the organization
ANS: T
Top managers are responsible for creating a context for change in the organization
ANS: T
Upper-level managers may actually spend more time dealing with people than lower-level managers.
ANS: T
Team leaders are responsible for managing both internal team relationships and external relationships with other teams, departments, and divisions in a company
ANS: T While interpersonal conflict management is a critical skill for first-line managers, it is not a very important skill for team leaders
Problem
A____ exists when there is a gap between desired state (what managers want) and an existing state (the situation that the managers are facing).
Resource scarcity
Abundance or shortage of critical organizational resources in an external environment The extent to which managers can predict which external changes and trends will affect their businesses
Effectiveness
Accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives, such as customer service and satisfaction. -Doing the right things -Choosing the right goals and successfully achieving them -Concerned with the appropriateness of the goals of an organization and the degree to which the the organization achieves them
Sentiment
According to Adam Smith's version of capitalism, the values each individuals must have to produce for the common good are propriety, prudence, reason, __________, and promoting the happiness of mankind.
Interpersonal roles, informational roles, and decisional roles
According to Mintzberg, which of the following are the three major roles managers fulfill while performing their jobs.
Negotiator
According to Mintzberg, which role would a manager assume if she were trying to convince Union members to accept a 25-cent per-hour reduction in pay in order to keep the manufacturing plant open.
equity theory
According to ____, people will be motivated when they perceive they are being treated fairly.
As defined by Weber, the goal of bureaucracy is to ____.
Achieve an organization's goal in the most efficient way possible.
Which of the following is one of the steps in the process that managers use to make sense of their changing environments?
Acting on threats an opportunities.
One of the difficulties encountered in recent mergers has been the inability of employees in the two existing organizational cultures to operate harmoniously. In other words, merging organizational cultures often lack the ___________ that would increase the likelihood of a merger's success.
Adaptability
One of the difficulties encountered in recent mergers has been the inability of employees in the two existing organizational cultures to operate harmoniously. In other words, merging organizational cultures often lack the ____ that would increase the likelihood of a merger's success.
Adaptability.
According to a book by a Harvard Business School professor, some organizational cultures simply cannot meet the challenges posed by innovation and must respond to threats from new technologies by building outside ventures. Digital Equipment is described as having one of those organizational cultures that did not have ____. The company squandered the opportunities presented by the PC revolution even though it was well equipped to build cheap PCs.
Adaptabilty.
focuses on how and what managers should do in their jobs.
Administrative management
Henri Fayol is responsible for developing ____.
Administrative management.
_____ are groups of concerned citizens who band together to try to influence the business practices of specific industries, businesses, and professions.
Advocacy groups
Business confidence indices
Show managers' level of confidence about future business growth
in terms of environmental complexity, _____ environments have few environmental factors, whereas _____ environments have many environmental factors
Simple; Complex
In terms of environmental complexity, ___________ environments have few environmental factors, whereas ______________ environments have many environmental factors.
Simple; complex
In terms of environmental complexity, ____ environments have few environmental factors, whereas ____ environments have many environmental factors.
Simple; complex.
Which of the following statements about division of labor is true?
All of the above statements about division are true.
According to Chester Barnard, which of the following is an example of an organization?
All of the above.
Which of the following management practices can be used by an organization that wants to create a competitive advantage through its employees?
All of these
According to Mary Parker Follett ____.
All of these are true.
Which of the following statements describes an advantage of the systems approach to management?
All of these describe advantages of the systems approach to management.
Which of the following statements about a company's vision is true?
All of these statements about a company's vision are true
Which of the following statements about a company's vision is true?
All of these statements about a company's vision are true.
The manager of a company that produces soy-based sausage wants to conduct a competitive analysis. During this competitive analysis, he should look at ____.
All of these.
Which of the following is a characteristic of successful organizational cultures?
All of these.
Which of the following is a viable strategy for changing organizational culture?
All of these.
Which of the following would be an example of a visible artifact for an organization that is being merged with a large international firm?
All of these.
Milsand Corp. used office cubicles for its employees. Each employee had a 6-foot square office with walls that do not go all the way to the ceiling. Employees were not allowed to personalize their cubicles. If Milsand wanted to change its organizational culture, it could begin by ____.
Allowing employees to personalize their cubicles.
Decentralization
Allows employees closest to problems, production, and clients to make timely decisions
Competitive Advantage Through People: Decentralization
Allows employees who are closest to problems, production, and customers to make timely decisions. Increases employee satisfaction
According to Chester Barnard, for many managerial requests or directives, there is a zone of indifference. A zone of indifference ____.
Appears when the acceptance of managerial authority is automatic.
Management Practices
Are the means to achieving the ends of efficiency and effectiveness
Give an example of this paradox?
Arg. organizations set policies to help farmers, yet still put the same famers out of business
There have been several studies of managers who fail (derailers) and managers who succeed in climbing the organizational hierarchy (arrivers). Which of the following statements describes one of the facts learned from these studies?
Arrivers are sensitive to the feelings of others.
Chaos theory;
Article: When Management Become a Science
Managers often prefer to use business confidence indices ____.
As predictors of future economic activity when making business decisions.
is the degree to which a job gives workers the discretion, freedom, and independence to decide how and when to accomplish their jobs.
Autonomy
After an organization's founders are gone, the organization can use __________ to sustain itsorganizational culture. a.industry associations b.organizational heroes c.organizational structure d.organizational maps e.reciprocal formalization
B
All events outside a company that have the potential to influence or affect it occur in the __________ environment. a.specific b.external c.formal d.potential e.global
B
An increase in __________ can lead to opportunistic behavior in which one party benefits at theexpense of the other. a.managerial initiatives b.buyer dependence c.industry regulation d.advocacy group activities e.consumer confidence indicators
B
An organization called 85 Broads is sponsoring a "no purchase day" on October 19th to bring attentionto the gap between women's purchasing power and their representation in boardrooms and executive positions. 85 Broads is an example of a(n): a.lobbyist b.advocacy group c.boycott d.cause marketer e.social management
B
An organization engaged in __________ is searching the environment for important events or issuesthat might affect an organization. a.a competitive assessment b.environmental scanning c.environmental advocacy d.an internal situational analysis e.a market audit
B
As a result of the 2005 blackout in Los Angeles, __________ in the police department had to deter-mine which police officers were going to work overtime. a.top managers b.middle managers c.administrative managers d.first-line managers e.team leaders
B
As the shift supervisor at a car wash, Jakob is bossy, arrogant, and insensitive to the needs of his sub-ordinates. He is unable to delegate any tasks to the other employees. He will more than likely never bea middle or top manager because he: a.is a management laggard b.is a derailer c.does not understand the importance of synergy d.is not a hands-on doer e.is a non-arriver
B
Connie O'Day is a middle manager for the publishers of Free Spirit magazine, a publication targetedto women who are not worried about finding a husband or maintaining a house and garden. She spendsmuch of her day conducting interviews with groups of women to determine what they consider mostimportant in their lives. She also keeps an eye on the sales and content of other women's magazines.Which informational role does O'Day perform? a.entrepreneur b.monitor c.resource allocator d.spokesperson e.liaison
B
David Cowell, an editor for Reuters News Service, admits that his attitude had created anuncomfortable work environment for his employees and led to a conflict-based organizational culture.As a result, Reuters had its employees from Cowell's office work together to build a new home for afamily in need. The project forced the employees to work in an unfamiliar environment, and becauseno one person was more skilled than another at construction, they were able to gain a new respect for each other and find new ways of interacting. This is an example of: a.behavioral iteration b.behavioral substitution c.behavioral subtraction d.organizational rationale e.principle existence
B
Eastman Kodak owns a company that manufactures dental radiation equipment. The company, whichis run as an independent unit, has experienced excessive financial losses the last three years. The _____ for the company would be expected to develop the long-term plans needed to make thecompany profitable. a.supervising manager b.top manager c.first-line manager d.middle manager e.department manager
B
First-line managers will most likely have to: a.monitor the performance of corporate investments b.encourage, monitor, and reward the performances of their employees c.determine how to deal with long-term environmental changes d.periodically monitor the company's organizational culture e. none of these
B
For Gnik Pharmaceuticals to be successful in the competitive drug-development industry, it must continue to boost the creativity of its scientists. Which of the following activities is most likely to encourage research creativity? A) Restricting each scientist to a specific task to encourage heightened concentration B) Enhancing the degree to which tasks are intrinsically interesting C) Closely monitoring each scientistʹs progress D) Assigning challenging creative goals for each scientist
B
General Electric is described as having a ________ culture that emphasizes competitiveness and productivity while taking a very hard-driving, results-oriented approach to getting things done. A) bottom-line B) market C) discretionary D) hierarchy
B
Government agencies, which tend to have an internal focus and emphasizes stability and control, are classified as having a(n) A) adhocracy culture. B) hierarchy culture. C) autocracy culture. D) clan culture.
B
Having creative coworkers raises an employeeʹs level of creativity when A) rewards are closely linked to creative output. B) the employees are not closely monitored. C) the coworkers closely inspect each othersʹ work. D) compensation is tied to effort and not necessarily results.
B
In 2004, Nextel put up a billboard in Cleveland advertising its wireless data service with a mannequinof a laptop user perched on top. The billboard caused fender-benders as drivers gawked, concernedthat a distraught soul had climbed up and was ready to jump. A Nextel marketing manager would use __________ skills to determine that the mannequin is creating bad publicity for Nextel. a.informational b.conceptual c.technical d.interpersonal e.decisional
B
In order to change an organizational culture, top management can persuade other managers andemployees to perform a new behavior in place of an older one. This technique is called: a.behavioral iteration b.behavioral substitution c.behavioral subtraction d.organizational acculturation e.replacement behavior
B
In response to changes in the _____ component of its specific environment, McDonald's in Europe hasinstalled iPods in its restaurants, introduced higher-quality coffee, and developed comfortable chairs. a.supplier b.customer c.industry regulation d.advocacy group e.demographic
B
In terms of environmental complexity, __________ environments have few environmental factors,whereas __________ environments have many environmental factors. a.non-competitive; competitive b.simple; complex c.stable; dynamic d.scarce; abundant e.market-oriented; product-oriented
B
Managers need different skills to perform their various roles successfully. A middle manager who as-sumed a negotiator role when dealing with employees would rely most heavily on his or her __________ skills. a.decisional b.human c.conceptual d.technical e.informational
B
Managers often prefer to use business confidence indices: a.to identify sociocultural trends b.as predictors of future economic activity when making business decisions c.which are based on intuition and experience d.to encourage customers to make long-term buying decisions e.to improve consumer confidence forecasts
B
Many police agencies experience difficulties when trying to motivate officers to enthusiasticallyembrace a community policing philosophy. Agencies often start costly community policing programsonly to find that few officers actually partake in the transformation while most continue to operateunder traditional reactionary modes of law enforcement. This reluctance to change would reflect the _____ of the police departments. a.managerial environment b.internal environment c.company environment d.general environment e.organizational structure
B
One of the difficulties encountered in recent mergers has been the inability of employees in the twoexisting organizational cultures to operate harmoniously. In other words, both merging organizationalcultures lacked the __________ that would have increased the likelihood of the merger's success. a.responsiveness b.adaptability c.involvement d.consistency e.validity
B
Organizations that are identified as having an adhocracy culture emphasize A) stability and attention to whatʹs going on inside the organization. B) flexibility while paying attention to the external environment. C) hierarchical control and attention to the external environment. D) adaptation to change while focusing on the needs of the employees.
B
Organizations use behavioral addition, behavioral substitution, and __________ to change their organizational culture. a.media advocacy b.visible artifacts c.counseling d.affective stores e.incremental valences
B
Refer to Coca-Cola. U.S. foreign policy is a(n) _____ component in Coke's general environment. a.economic b.political/legal c.sociocultural d.demographic e.technological
B
Team leaders typically: a.conduct quality control audits b.manage external and internal relationships c.act as department liaisons d.oversee strategy implementation e.do all of these
B
Ten years ago, upper- and middle-class Chinese enjoyed various forms of hard liquor such as brandy,gin, and bourbon. Today, these same Chinese classes are ordering wine rather than hard liquor. This isan example of a change in the __________ component of the general environment of a distiller. a.technological b.sociocultural c.economic d.competitive e.geographic
B
The CEO of Camper brand shoes expects its designers to operate like a team when they create newshoe designs. Most of its designers do not have a background in fashion so it is important that theyshare their expertise. Each team has a leader who is responsible for: a.developing organizational codes of ethics b.managing external and internal team relationships c.developing growth strategies d.coordinating the performances of all teams e.doing all of these
B
The best way for an organization to manage legal responsibilities is to: a.retain a large legal staff b.educate managers and employees c.continuously scan the environment for legal developments d.develop clear in-house procedures for investigating complaints e.never do anything illegal
B
The popularity of natural, organic supermarkets such as Whole Foods Markets has negativelyimpacted the sales at Kroger, Albertsons, and Safeway supermarkets. The negative impact on saleswas due to changes in the ______ environment. a.technological b.sociocultural c.economic d.demographic e.political
B
The term __________ refers to the events and trends inside an organization that affect management,employees, and the organizational culture. a.managerial environment b.internal environment c.company environment d.general environment e.organizational structure
B
There have been several studies of managers who fail (derailers) and managers who succeed in climb-ing the organizational hierarchy (arrivers). At the death of her husband, Miriam McAllister became theCEO of a company that is the world's leading manufacturer of kidney dialysis machines and encour-aged its expansion into other hospital services. McAllister has almost doubled her company's revenuessince she took control. As an arriver, McAllister would be: a.unable to adapt her style of management to what was needed by her subordinates b.sensitive to others c.cold, aloof, and arrogant d.overly ambitious e.abrasive and intimidating
B
To promote innovation management one should A) remove all time constraints to discourage a sense of urgency. B) carefully link goals to the corporate mission, but not so specific that they are restrictive. C) make it clearly understood that people who fail to produce will be replaced. D) implement a generous compensation system that directly rewards oneʹs contributions to achieving the goals
B
Two homebuilders are building homes in nearby subdivisions. One is offering 2,500-square-foothomes with two-acre yards. The other is offering similar-size houses with quarter-acre yards. The builder offering the smaller lots cannot keep up with demand. The builder offering the larger lots hasseveral unsold houses. The builder with the smaller lots most likely used __________ to determinewhat home buyers desired. a.reactive customer monitoring b.proactive customer monitoring c.competitive analysis d.environmental munificence e.consumer confidence forecasts
B
Typical responsibilities for __________ include coordinating and linking groups, departments, and divisions within a company. a.top managers b.middle managers c.vice presidents d.team leaders e.first-line manager
B
What is the role of stories and legends in an organizationʹs culture? A) They are the special language that defines the culture. B) They illustrate key aspects of the organizationʹs culture. C) They reinforce the organizationʹs hierarchical structure. D) They invoke a longing for the ʺgood old days.ʺ
B
What type of skills tends to be equally important at all levels of management?a.technical skills b.human skills c.decisional skills d.motivation to manage e.conceptual skill
B
When Hurricane Katrina pounded her way through the Gulf Coast, Orleans Parish, La., and HarrisonCounty, Miss., were among the areas hardest hit. The counties, which are home to New Orleans andBiloxi, Miss., respectively, also share other traits. Data from the U.S. Census Bureau show that withmedian household incomes of about $31,000, they lag the national average of $44,684 by 44 percent.The _____ environments in those counties will influence the general environment of businesses thattry to locate there. a.technological b.sociocultural c.economic d.demographic e.political/legal
B
When a hardware store agrees to be an exclusive dealer of Husqvarna power tools, it turns over about25 percent of its floor space to the manufacturer's displays. If Husqvarna were to experience a long-term strike that made it impossible to deliver products, than the hardware store's sales would likelydecline due to: a.cognitive perceptions b.supplier dependence c.industry regulation d.resource scarcity e.retail complexity
B
When using __________ to change organizational culture, the key to success is to choose behaviorsthat are central to and symbolic of the "old" culture you're changing and the "new" culture you wantto create. a.attitudinal motivation and conditioned learning b.behavioral substitution and behavioral addition c.conditioned and classical learning d.negative and positive reinforcements e.organizational stories and heroes
B
Which of the following is NOT a dimension of the political/legal component of the generalenvironment that governs and regulates business behavior? a.legislation b.competitive products c.court decisions d.regulation e.customer-initiated lawsuits
B
Which of the following is true about an organization with a strong culture? A) Very little time is spent communicating the organizationʹs values and beliefs. B) Prospective employees are closely screened for fit with values. C) There are many subcultures within the organization. D) There is no need for a written creed or statement of values.
B
White Castle is a fast-food restaurant chain that is famous for its small, square hamburgers. Which of the following would be an industry regulation component of its specific environment? a.an increase in the prime lending rate b.local health inspectors c.class-action suits against all fast-food restaurants d.inflation e.all of these
B
William McKnight became CEO of 3M in 1929. He did what no CEO had ever done before when hemerged innovation and system building. He created a company that to this day treats innovation as asystematic, repeatable process. When deciding who is responsible for the success of 3M, itsemployees know it is McKnight. He is a(n): a.change-conqueror b.organizational hero c.change gatekeeper d.idea champion e.change ombudsman
B
____ could reveal to Callaway Golf why the number of golfers in the United States is declining. a.A competitive assessment b.Environmental scanning c.Environmental advocacy d.An internal situational analysis e.A market audit
B
t is the responsibility of __________ to develop intermediate plans, designed to produce results withinsix to eighteen months. a.top managers b.middle managers c.first-line managers d.group facilitators e.team leaders
B
According to the "What Really Works" box, a(n) __________ is a type of study that often shows theconditions under which management techniques may work better or worse in the real world. a.social audit b.meta-analysis c.effectiveness analysis d.SWOT analysis e.risk assessment
B meta-analysis
A manager engaged in the management function of____ is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed. A)motivating B)controlling C)leading D)planning E)organizing
B)controlling
Frederick Taylor is famous for: A)developing time and motion studies B)creating the principles of scientific management C)developing the 14 principles of management D)first defining the functions of managers E)doing all of these
B)creating the principles of scientific management
A manager striving to improve organizational _____is accomplishing tasks to help achieve organizational objectives. A)functionality B)effectiveness C)productivity D)efficiency E)synergy
B)effectiveness
What term describes the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue? A)social consensus B)ethical intensity C)temporal immediacy D)magnitude of consequence E)ethical valence
B)ethical intensity
All events outside a company that have the potential to influence or affect it occur in the ____enviorment A)specific B)external C)formal D)national E)potential
B)external
Creating a competitive advantage through people relies heavily on the use of which skill to reward people for providing exceptional customer service? A)technical B)motivation to manage C)decisional D)interpersonal E)conceptual
B)motivation to manage
_____involved managing the daily production of goods and services. A)systems management B)operations management C)resource management D)contingency management E)bureaucratic management
B)operations management
_____involves managing the daily production of goods and services. A)bureaucratic management B)operations management C)resource management D)systems management E)systems management
B)operations management
Chester Bernard defined a(n)____ as "a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more persons." A)bureaucracy B)organization C)administration D)work unit E)department
B)organization
According to Kohlber's model of moral development,people at the____use internalized ethical principles to solve ethical dilemmas A)preconventional level B)postconventional level C)conventional level D)amoral level E)unconventional level
B)postconventional level
In a very strong economy,where demand for qualified job applicants exceeds the supply, the environmental characteristics of ___ is likely to be particularly salient for many companies A)enviormental change B)resource scarcity C)enviormental complexity D)enviormental uncertainty E)enviormental risks
B)resource scarcity
According to Weber, a bureaucracy_____ A)should be based on the theory of behavioral reinforcement B)is the exercise of control on basis of knowledge expertise or experience C)is the exercise of control by virtue of family connections D)allows political connections to determine an individuals power base within organizations E)relies on schedules, periodic corrective actions to operate as its most efficient
B)s the exercise of control on basis of knowledge expertise or experience
Which of the following typically is NOT performed by the top managers? A)monitoring the business enviornment B)setting objectives consistent with organization....... C)creating a positive organizational culture through language and action D)creating a context for change E) developing in employees the attitudes of commitment to and ownership of the company's performance
B)setting objectives consistent with organization.......
Workplace deviance can be categorized by how deviant the behavior is and: A)organizational norms B)the target of the deviant behavior C)the intent of the violator D)where the motivation occured E)how the behavior was motivated
B)the target of the deviant behavior
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth are important to management because they: A)view the organization as a system that influences its environment and that was influenced by its environment B)used motion studied to eliminate unnecessary or repetitive motions from work process C)identified the four functions managers perform D)proved the effectiveness of non financial motivators in convincing workers to strive for organizations E)realized how the principles of sociology applied to worker performance
B)used motion studied to eliminate unnecessary or repetitive motions from work process
The candy market in Asian has grown recently as more Asians emulate the American lifestyle, andHershey has decided that to grow it must start selling to the Asian markets. Which management func-tion will help determine who decides how Hershey will get its products into the small pop-and-momretail outlets that are prevalent in China? a.planning b.organizing c.leading d.controlling e.evaluating
B. organizing
How is this like institutional racism?
B/c the individual men of the organization are moral. but but thinking as GM manager caused impersonalization and therefore immortality.
How is a bureaucracy a paradox?
B/c they want to act rationally, but overall they act irrationally b/c they are benefiting themselves (rationally), but are depleting/hurting environment they are in (irrational)--bigger picture
Why do business/organizations become immoral if their workers are not immoral?
Because there is this impersonalization with them...having little jobs makes it much easier to become immoral and desensitized
____ is the process of having managers and employees perform new behaviors that are central to and symbolic of the new organizational culture a company wants to create.
Behavioral addition.
When using ____ to change organizational culture, the key to success is to choose behaviors that are central to and symbolic of the old culture you're changing and the new culture you want to create.
Behavioral substitution and behavioral addition.
In order to change an organizational culture, top management can persuade other managers and employees to perform a new behavior in place of an older one. This technique is called ____.
Behavioral substitution.
With integrative conflict resolution ____.
Both parties work together to create an alternative solution that includes shared preferences and integrates interests.
In which of the following situations would a Gantt chart be appropriate to use?
Building a bridge. Installing a local area network for a computer system. Rebuilding communities destroyed by hurricane. Planning a Mardi Gras parade. All of these.
according to Max Weber this is the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge, expertise, or experience
Bureaucracy
management focuses on using knowledge, fairness, and logical rules to increase the organization's efficiency
Bureaucratic management
At about the same time as management theorists were developing scientific management principles in the United States, Max Weber was in Europe developing ____.
Bureaucratic management.
Ethics is the study of right and wrong and of morality of the choices individuals make. Which of the following most correctly explains the definition of "business ethics"? a. Business ethics is the application of moral standards to business situations. b. After upholding the law, business ethics are the highest standard for human behavior. c. Business ethics, like morals, may be set aside in business transactions because following the law is a business' highest duty. d. Business ethics are derived from society's demand for laws to regulate conduct.
Business ethics is the application of moral standards to business situations.
An increase in ____ can lead to opportunistic behavior in which one party benefits at the expense of the other.
Buyer dependence.
Small manufacturers are successful often because Wal-Mart agrees to carry their products. If Wal-Mart does not like a price increase, it often will refuse to do business with the manufacturer. At this point, many small manufacturers will offer price reductions because they fear failure if they lose the Wal-Mart account. The relationship between these small manufacturers and Wal-Mart can be described as ____.
Buyer dependent.
A CEO who is considering opening a manufacturing business in the Dominican Republic would needto know that the country contains about 2.6 million laborers and has a 17 percent unemployment rate.Its unemployment rate would be part of the expanding business's _____ environment. a.technological b.social c.economic d.cultural e.politica
C
A __________ for a McDonald's fast-food restaurant would be responsible for placing orders for foodand paper supplies and for setting up weekly work schedules. a.corporate vice president b.middle manager c.first-line manager d.division supervisor e.top manager
C
A family-owned restaurant has many photos of the ownersʹ children displayed throughout the dining rooms. These ________ communicate the firmʹs values of family, friendliness, and continuity. A) ceremonies B) ʺstatements of principleʺ C) symbols D) cultural icons
C
According to Mintzberg, managers engaged in __________ roles are talking to people inside and out-side the organization. a.decisional b.conceptual c.interpersonal d.informational e.motivational
C
According to the __________, companies go through long, simple periods of environmental stability,followed by short, complex periods of dynamic, fundamental environmental change, finishing with areturn to environmental stability. a.environmental change theory b.theory of environmental dynamics c.punctuated equilibrium theory d.theory of resource scarcity e.environmental cycle
C
Amandaʹs team leader determined that she had the necessary skills to be creative. However, this alone was not sufficient for her to succeed in a creative environment. She also needed intrinsic task motivation, which refers to A) Amanda being able to cooperate with others and sharing the credit for outcomes. B) responding to failure with increased commitment. C) working because she found it to be interesting, engaging, or positively challenging. D) being able to think outside-the-box.
C
An ad paid for by Franklin Mutual Insurance Company encourages people to be proud of their countryand its military. The ad was not designed to sell any product of the company—rather it is designed tocounter efforts by some to malign U.S. actions in the Middle East. This ad would be an example of: a.narrowcasting b.institutional communications c.media advocacy d.a product boycott e.lobbying
C
As the human resources manager for Spring Engineering and Manufacturing Corp. in Canton, Michi-gan, Kim Radeback had to find inexpensive ways to reward employees and bolster morale during asales-flattening economic downturn. Radeback had to engage in which management function? a.planning b.organizing c.leading d.controlling e.evaluating
C
During a meeting of the Ambulatory Care Nursing Association (ACNA) board of directors, a commit-ment was made to ask members for their feedback about their experiences with and perceptions of ACNA. The head of the organization said, "The essence of being a leader is to make sure the organi-zation knows itself." Then she volunteered to conduct the environmental scanning and share what shelearned with the others. What informational roles is she assuming? a.liaison and spokesperson b.resource allocator and liaison c.monitor and disseminator d.negotiator and monitor e.spokesperson and liaison
C
During the week of August 9 in 2004, Robert Rothschild Farm boosted the morale and showed its grat-itude to its 75 employees at its retail store, cafe, and production facility by hosting its first employeeappreciation week. A _____ manager more than likely planned the employee picnic, selected and or-dered the awards, and encouraged workers to attend. a.marketing b.team c.first-line d.top e.middle
C
EDUN is a socially conscious clothing company launched in 2005 by Ali Hewson and Bono with NewYork clothing designer Rogan Gregory. The company's _____is to help increase trade and createsustainable employment for developing areas of the world with an emphasis on Africa, while providing a business model for others to follow. a.visible statement of purpose b.point of competitive advantage c.mission d.organizational rationale e.principle of existence
C
Employees tend to feel a greater sense of ownership and responsibility in companies withorganizational cultures characterized by: a.delegation b.adaptability c.employee involvement d.consistency e.managerial empathy
C
Imagine that a Venezuelan appliance manufacturer wants to export its refrigerators to Guatemala. Theknowledge that the distribution of income within Guatemala is highly unequal and about 75 percent of the population is below the poverty line would be a(n) __________ component in the manufacturer'sgeneral environment. a.technological b.sociocultural c.economic d.political/legal e.demographic
C
In a very strong economy, where the demand for qualified job applicants exceeds the supply, theenvironmental characteristic of __________ is likely to be particularly salient for many companies. a.environmental complexity b.environmental change c.resource scarcity d.environmental uncertainty e.environmental risk
C
In terms of external organizational environments, the __________ environment affects allorganizations while the __________ environment is unique to each company. a.global; national b.customer-driven; production-driven c.general; specific d.informal; formal e.specific; general
C
Innovation is defined as A) the process by which novel and useful ideas are produced. B) the development of new products and services to meet consumer needs. C) the successful implementation of creative ideas. D) the readiness and ability to change with the times.
C
Managers who train and supervise the performance of nonmanagerial employees, and who are directlyresponsible for producing the company's products or services, are categorized as: a.general managers b.middle managers c.first-line managers d.team leaders e.top manager
C
McKenzie quit her job claiming that the organization had a toxic culture. To what was she referring? A) The working environment was unsafe. B) The work was monotonous. C) The employees did not feel valued. D) The firm was filing for bankruptcy protection.
C
Middle managers will most likely have to: a.facilitate a bottom-up planning approach to supervising b.manage the performance of entry-level employees c.implement the changes generated by top managers d.develop employees' commitment to and ownership of the company's performance e.monitor long-term environmental trends
C
One of the problems with many of the dot.com companies that failed was a lower and middlemanagement adherence to innovation and an expectation that work would be fun while topmanagement envisioned the company being profitable and eliminating of unnecessary expenses. Thesecompanies lacked __________ in their organizational cultures. a.empathy b.formalization c.consistency d.broad spans of management e.responsiveness
C
Refer to Coca-Cola. The growing concern about obesity is a(n) _____ component in Coke's generalenvironment. a.economic b.political/legal c.sociocultural d.demographic e.technological
C
Refer to Coca-Cola. _____ would allow Coke to watch for additional threats and opportunities in itsenvironment. a.Environmental certainty b.Observational analysis c.Environmental scanning d.A market audit e.Internal situational analysis
C
Scientists have developed a fast and inexpensive test for bacterial contamination to detect salmonellaand listeria in food. The test will help restaurants maintain food safety and customer loyalty. In termsof the specific environment of the restaurant industry, if the FDA requires all restaurants to buy anduse this test, it would be an example of the _____ component of the environment. a.supplier b.advocacy group c.industry regulation d.technological e.competitor
C
The National Rifle Association used a _____ approach to counter Democratic efforts to ban privategun ownership in 2004. It created an advertising campaign to convince people to vote against theDemocrats and their platform. a.media boycott b.narrowcasting c.media advocacy d.cause marketing e.lobbying
C
The __________ consists of the economy and the technological, sociocultural, and political/legaltrends that indirectly affect all organizations. a.economic environment b.specific environment c.general environment d.indirect environment e.direct environment
C
The __________ is the set of key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by organizational members. a.industry code of ethics b.internal environment c.organizational culture d.organizational strategy e.organizational vision
C
The chairs of the accounting, marketing, and communications departments at a typical university areassuming the roles of __________ because they supervise nonmanagerial employees. a.supervising managers b.top managers c.first-line managers d.middle managers e.department managers
C
The purpose of the Maine Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association (MOFGA) is to promote the production of safe, high-quality food in a manner that does not harm the environment and that preserves or improves soil fertility, soil structure, and farm sustainability. This is the organization's: a.visible statement of vision b.point of competitive c. mission d.organizational rationale e.principle of existence
C
The trustees of a small New England college, which had traditionally recruited its students from the local community, decided to diversify their student body by recruiting both nationally and internationally. What is the likely effect of this change on the collegeʹs culture? A) The students and faculty will embrace the change. B) The students will become even more closely knit. C) The collegeʹs culture can be expected to change significantly. D) There will be a loss of cultural symbols and jargon.
C
The type of innovation that continues to improve an existing service or product, and has a minor impact on existing business, is called A) radical innovation. B) disruptive innovation. C) sustaining innovation. D) end-user innovation.
C
To influence companies, advocacy groups typically use: a.opportunistic behavior b.telemessaging c.product boycotts d.narrowcasting e.keystoning
C
What interpersonal role, as defined by Mintzberg, was the CEO of Whole Foods assuming when heslashed his salary from $1 million to $1 to avoid the huge salary disparities that negatively influenceemployee morale in many corporations? a.figurehead b.monitor c.leader d.negotiator e.spokesperson
C
When IBM acquired Lotus, a meeting was held between IBM senior vice president John Thompsonand a group of Lotus senior managers. In preparing for the meeting, the Lotus crew had donned theconservative suits and ties they thought were expected in the traditionally buttoned-down IBM. Theywere shocked when Thompson showed up for the meeting in a T-shirt and jeans because he was tryingto look like a Lotus employee. This anecdote illustrates: a.the importance of visionary thinking b.extrinsic motivation c.differing organizational cultures d.changing sociocultural environments e.how changes in the general environment can lead to uncertainty
C
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a healthy organizational culture? A) Commitment to doing things well B) Ongoing collaboration and integration between units C) Integrity is questioned as a normal part of work D) Mistakes are tolerated
C
Which of the following is NOT a potential legal risk associated with traditional managerial decisionslike recruiting, hiring, and firing employees? a.negligent supervision b.invasion of privacy c.product liability d.defamation e.a charge of emotional distress
C
Which of the following is one of the steps in the process that managers use to make sense of their changing environments? a.perceptual re-engagement b.environmental laddering c.acting on threats and opportunities d.creating strategic windows e.behavioristic relation
C
Which of the following statements about corporate cultures is true? a.Corporate cultures are dynamic creations that respond positively to change. b.Corporate culture are unaffected by changes in perks, office layouts, or work relationships. c.Corporate cultures are very difficult to change. d.Any manager who wants to modify a corporate culture must follow the cultural change plan, which begins with employee input and ends with behavioral addition and/or substitution. e.Corporate culture change is significantly easier with behavioral addition than with behavioral subtraction.
C
Which skills increase in their importance to success as managers rise through the managerial ranks? a.human skills and decisional skills b.informational skills and the motivation to manage c.conceptual skills and the motivation to manage d.conceptual skills, technical skills, and human skills e.human skills and informational skills
C
William McKnight became CEO of 3M in 1929. He did what no CEO had ever done before when hemerged innovation and system building. He created a company that to this day treats innovation as asystematic, repeatable process. From this information, you know that 3M has a(n) _____ organizational culture. a.adaptable b.reliable c.consistent d.autonomous e.reciprocal
C
_______ is the establishment of mutually beneficial, long-term exchanges between buyers andsuppliers. a.Transactional partnering b.Buyer-seller co-dependence c.Relationship behavior d.Cooperative transformation e.Influential partnering
C
_______ is used to refer to a company's practice of identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur. a.Consumer confidence forecasts b.Competitive analysis c.Reactive customer monitoring d.Proactive customer monitoring e.Continuous data mining
C
he ability to perform __________ increases in its importance to success as managers rise through themanagerial ranks. a.interpersonal skills b.human skills c.conceptual skills d.informational skills e.technical skills
C
in 2007, Rupert Murdoch, the owner of a global newspaper empire, met with his top executives to de-termine survival strategies for newspapers in the face of increasing audience migration to onlinesources of news. Which skills will be most important in developing this strategy? a.interpersonal skills b.human skills c.conceptual skills d.informational skills e.technical skill
C
The____determined that companies can be prosecuted and punished for the illegal or unethical actions of employees, even if management didn't know about the unethical behavior. A)U.S. Department of Labor B)U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission C)U.S. Supreme Court D)U.S. Sentencing Commission guidlines E)Federal Trade Commision
C)
__________is used to refer to a company's practice of identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur A)Competitive analysis B)Continuous data mining C)Reactive customer monitoring D)Proactive customer monitoring E)Consumer confidence forecasts
C)Reactive customer monitoring
Which of the following is one of the steps in the process that managers use to make sense of their changing environments? A)behavioristic relations B)perceptual re-engagement C)acting on threats and opportunities D)creating strategic windows E)enviormental laddering
C)acting on threats and opportunities
According to Mary Parker Follett, if managers use____ to settle or reduce conflict, each of the parties involved give up some of what they want. A)arbitration B)negotiation C)compromise D)reallocation E)mediation
C)compromise
The informational role managers play when they share information they have collected with their subordinated and others in the company is called the ___ roles A)figurehead B)entrepreneur C)disseminator D)resource allocator E)monitor
C)disseminator
Historically, ______responsibility means making a profit by producing valued by society. It has been business's most basic social responsibility A)legal B)discretionary C)economic D)ethical E)fiscal
C)economic
What is the term used to describe the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue? A)social consensus B)temporal immediacy C)ethical intensity D)ethical valence E)magnitude of consequence
C)ethical intensity
The goal of scientific management was to: A)find different ways to motivate workers B)eliminate conflict between workers and management C)find the one best way to perform each task D)decreased wages for individual workers E)make sure workers did not consider their work boring or repetitive
C)find the one best way to perform each task
The chairs of the accounting marketing, and communications departments at a typical university are assuming the roles of_____ because they supervised non managerial employees. A)middle-level managers B)supervising managers C)first-line managers D)department managers E)top managers
C)first-line managers
A company facing a simple environment would_____ A)be influenced by only factors in it specific environment B)exhibit proof of the punctuated equilibrium theory C)have few external factors in the environment that affect it D)most likely be in the first stage of the environmental cycle E)be unable to succeed due to lack on innovation
C)have few external factors in the environment that affect it
What type of skills tends to be equally important to all levels of management? A)motivation to manage B)conceptual skills C)human skills D)technical skills E)decisional skills
C)human skills
How did the Industrial Revolution change jobs and organizations? A)Managers realized the importance of customer relations B)Managers realized the importance of synergistic tasks. C)low paid, unskilled workers running machines began to replace high-paid, skilled artisians D)skilled jobs were performed in homes rather than factories E)managers learned to use delegation
C)low paid, unskilled workers running machines began to replace high-paid, skilled artisians
After a year as a manager, new managers typically realize their job is: A) to manage tasks B)just as they expected C)people management D)to be a problem-solver E) to be a troubleshooter
C)people management
According to Kohlberg's model of moral development, people at the ____make decisions that conform to societal expectations A)preconcentional level B)unconventional level C)postconventional level D)conventional level E)amoral level
C)postconventional
__ is a tactic in which an advocacy group actively tries to convince consumers not to purchase a company's product or service: A)media advocacy B)public comminications C)product boycott D)lobbying E)market denigration
C)product boycott
According to the ___theory, companies go through long,simple periods of environmental stability, followed by short,complex periods of dynamic, fundamental environmental change, finishing with a return to environmental stability A)enviormental change theory B)theory of environmental dynamics C)punctuated equilibrium theory D)enviormental cycle E)theory of resource scarcity
C)punctuated equilibrium theory
____is used to refer to a company's practice of identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur. A)consumer confidence forecasts B)continuous data mining C)reactive customer monitoring D)proactive customer monitoring E)competitive analysis
C)reactive customer monitoring
Eastman Kodak owns a company that manufactures dental radiation equipment. The company, which is a run as an independent unit, has experienced excessive financial losses the last three years. The ______ for the company would be expected to develop a long-term plans needed to make the company profitable A)middle-level manager B)first-line manager C)top manager D)department manager E)supervising manager
C)top manager
Synergy occurs when_____ A)productivity increases as a result of workers belief that management really cares about them B)a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces is created by an organization C)two or more subsystems working together can produce more than they can working apart D)workers deliberately slow down their pace or restrict their work outputs E)a system deteriorates
C)two or more subsystems working together can produce more than they can working apart
According to Henri Fayol's 14 principles of management,_____ requires that each employee should report and receive orders from just one boss A)vertical authority B)span of management C)unity of command D)centralization E)unity of direction
C)unity of command
After their first year of managerial experience, managers tend to: A)do less listening and more telling B)view themselves as the boss C)use more positive reinforcement D)exercise more formal authority E) do all of these
C)use more positive reinforcement
Changes in any sector of the general environment: A)inhibit the innovation process B)influence customers first and then suppliers C)will eventually affect most organizations D)tend to slow down how quickly an organization moves through the environmental cycle E)will typically not impact most organizations
C)will eventually affect most organizations
in 2004, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spent a total of $75 million to launch mid calorie sodas. The new brands grabbed a combined market share of less than 1% Given that the objective of both was to increase their market share, the introductions were notably: a. synergistic b. empathetic c. inefficient d. automonous e. reciprocal
C. inefficient
Cooperation and Acceptance of Authority
Chester Barnard
Which of the following management theorists believed that workers ultimately grant managers their authority?
Chester Barnard
believed that workers ultimately grant managers their authority
Chester Barnard
which of the following management theorists believed that workers ultimately grant managers their authority?
Chester Barnard
Which of the following management theorists believed that workers ultimately grant managers their authority?
Chester Barnard.
All ____ function without interacting with their environment.
Closed systems.
Punctuated equilibrium theory
Companies go through long periods of stability, followed by short periods of dynamic, fundamental change, and then a new equilibrium
Competitors
Companies in the same industry that sell similar products or services to customers
Compare and contrast the relative importance of the four characteristics that companies look for in managers as they rise through the management hierarchy. That is, describe the similarities and differences in these characteristics among lower, middle, and upper-level managers and explain the reasons for the differences.
Companies look for four sets of characteristics in individuals to be promoted into the managerial ranks at any level. These characteristics are technical skills, human skills, conceptual skills, and motivation to manage. In terms of similarities, all four of these skills are required in anyone who wants to be a manager. Companies do not want one-dimensional managers. They want managers with a balance of skills. They want managers who know their stuff (technical skills), are equally comfortable working with blue-collar and white-collar employees (human skills), are able to assess the complexities of today's competitive marketplace and position their companies for success (conceptual skills), and want to assume positions of leadership and power (motivation to manage). However, there are differences in the relative importance of each of these characteristics to managerial success at different levels of the management hierarchy. Technical skills are most important for lower-level managers, because these managers supervise the line workers who produce products or serve customers. Team leaders and first-line managers need technical knowledge and skills to train new employees and help them solve problems as well as to solve the problems that their employees cannot handle. Although technical skills become less important as managers rise through the managerial ranks, they do retain importance at all levels. Human skill (the ability to work well with others) is equally important at all levels of management. However, since lower-level managers spend much of their time solving technical problems, upper-level managers may actually spend more time dealing directly with people. Both conceptual skills and motivation to manage increase in importance as managers rise through the managerial ranks. Conceptual skill is the ability to see the organization as a whole, how the different parts of the company affect each other, and how the company fits into or is affected by elements of its external environment such as the local community, social and economic forces, customers, and competition. Good managers have to be able to recognize, understand, and reconcile multiple complex problems and perspectives. Motivation to manage is an assessment of how motivated employees are to interact with superiors, participate in competitive situations, behave assertively toward others, tell others what to do, reward good behavior and punish poor behavior, perform actions that are highly visible to others, and handle and organize administrative tasks. Managers typically have a stronger motivation to manage than their subordinates, and managers at higher levels usually have stronger motivation to manage than managers at lower levels. Furthermore, managers with stronger motivation to manage are promoted faster, are rated by their employees as better managers, and earn more money than managers with a weak motivation to manage. Thus, both conceptual skills and motivation to manage are particularly important to upper-level managers.
Selective hiring
Companies need to hire the best talent due to the presence of employment security
Competitive Advantage Through People: Training and Skill Development
Companies need to invest in resources in the training of employees to ensure skill development
Suppliers
Companies that provide material, human, financial, and informational resources to other companies
Accommodative strategy
Company accepts responsibility for a problem and does all that society expects to solve that problem
Defensive strategy
Company admits responsibility for a problem but does the least required to meet societal expectations
Proactive strategy
Company anticipates a problem before it occurs and does more than society's expectations
Reactive Strategy
Company does less than society expects
_____ is defined as a firm's purpose or reason for existing.
Company mission
Which of the following is NOT a dimension of the political/legal component of the general environment that governs and regulates business behavior?
Competitive products.
Refer to Dofasco. Kyoto Protocol is another steel producer in Canada. This company is part of Dofasco's ____ component of its ____environment.
Competitive; specific.
According to Mary Parker Follett, if managers use ____ to settle or reduce conflict, each of the parties involved give up some of what they want.
Compromise.
Which skills increase in their importance to success as managers rise through the managerial ranks?
Conceptual skills and the motivation to manage
Which skills increase in their importance to success as managers' rise through the managerial ranks?
Conceptual skills and the motivation to manage
Advocacy Group
Concerned citizens that band together to try to influence business practices
In a departure from mainstream management thinking, Mary Parker Follett believed ____.
Conflict could be beneficial.
One of the problems with many of the dot-com companies that failed in the mid-1990s was a lower and middle management adherence to innovation and an expectation that work would be fun while top management envisioned the company being profitable and the elimination of unnecessary expenses. These companies lacked ____ in their organizational cultures.
Consistency.
3 ways of dealing with conflict: domination, compromise, integration
Constructive Conflict and Coordination
The major forces in consumerism are individual consumer advocates and organizations, consumer education programs, and ____ .
Consumer laws
the most effective management theory or idea depends on the kinds of problems or situations that managers are facing at a particular time and place.
Contingency Approach
holds that there is not one best way to manage an organization
Contingency Approach to Management
Saturday, the manager of Tony's Pizza had to deal with an employee with a hangover, a missing server, and an unusually large number of customers. Monday was a slow day, and another employee fell asleep behind the prep table. Both employees came to work not ready to work their hardest. According to the ____, the manager should not be expected to have treated these two workers identically.
Contingency approach to management.
A manager engaged in the management function of ____ is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed.
Controlling
A manager engaged in the management function of _______ is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed.
Controlling
_____ refers to monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed.
Controlling
People will be indifferent to directives if they... -are understood -are consistent with the purpose of the organization -are compatible with the people's personal interests -can actually be carried out by those people
Cooperation and Acceptance of Authority
Which of the following statements about corporate cultures is true?
Corporate cultures are very difficult to change.
formal systems of accountability, oversight, and control
Corporate governance is defined as
formal systems of accountability, oversight, and control
Corporate governance is defined as _____.
Frederick Taylor is famous for____.
Creating the principles of scientific management.
Which of the following is NOT an individual factor affecting ethics? a. Goals b. Cultural norms c. Personal knowledge d. Values
Cultural norms
Which of the following statements is most correct regarding ethical issues concerning satisfying stakeholders' interests in a business? a. Employees are concerned about being consulted in human resource decisions. b. Creditors require accounts to be paid rapidly. c. Competitors expect the firm's competitive prices to be fair and honest. d. Customers expect a firm's products to be safe, reliable, and reasonably priced.
Customers expect a firm's products to be safe, reliable, and reasonably priced.
16) The specific skills and abilities that an employee possesses which are necessary to perform certain tasks are called A) intrinsic qualifications. B) productivity skills. C) personal aptitude. D) domain-relevant skills.
D
A first-line manager for a large electric generator manufacturer would: a.monitor how its customers feel about electric-powered engines b.determine if the company needed to increase its production by adding another shift c.monitor and manage the performance of the company's international subsidiaries d.manage the performance of employees who actually build the generators e.do all of these
D
A manager engaged in the management function of __________ is monitoring progress toward goalachievement and taking corrective action when needed. a.planning b.organizing c.leading d.controlling e.motivating
D
A small high-tech startup company, where management is highly informal and employees govern themselves, would be classified as having a ________ culture. A) adhocracy B) innovative C) discretionary D) clan
D
After a year as a manager, new managers typically realize their job is: a.to be a troubleshooter b.to manage tasks c.just as they expected d.people development e.to be a problem-solver
D
After their first year of managerial experience, managers tend to: a.exercise more formal authority b.do less listening and more telling c.view themselves as the boss d.use more positive reinforcement e.do all of these
D
An emphasis on __________ is likely to decrease opportunistic behavior but will never completelyeliminate it. a.buyer dependence b.supplier dependence c.industry regulation d.relationship behavior e.competitive advocacy
D
As the human resources manager for Spring Engineering and Manufacturing Corp. in Canton, Michi-gan, Kim Radeback had to find inexpensive ways to reward employees and bolster morale during asales-flattening economic downturn. Radeback is an example of a: a.supervising manager b.top manager c.first-line manager d.middle manager e.department manager
D
Even after bloggers revealed that the standard Kryptonite U-shaped lock could be easily opened with aBic pen, the Kryptonite Company tried to deny there were any problems with its product. Finally, itagreed to address customers' concerns by replacing the locks if the customer still had his or her salesslip. Kryptonite engaged in: a.proactive customer monitoring b.consumer confidence forecasts c.demographic information d.reactive customer monitoring e.a competitive analysis
D
In 2004, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) announced that it was going to overcomethe "digital divide" by making a $100 laptop for the poor children of the world. By relying strongly onthe _____ function of management, MIT has nearly achieved its goal. a.planning b.organizing c.leading d.controlling e.evaluating
D
In organizational behavior, creativity is defined as A) the introduction of new products to the market. B) designing the system of authority and responsibility for members. C) forming task forces and think tanks to investigate new trends. D) the process by which individuals or teams produce novel and useful ideas.
D
Inchow Environments, Inc. was once a successful manufacturer of fishing lures. It hired a new CEOwho was a derailer. As a derailer, the new CEO: a.refused to listen to the advice given him by the previous CEO b.was too flexible c.preferred to take the role of figurehead d.could not think strategically e.is accurately described by all of these
D
Just as people have unique personalities that distinguish them from others, each organization has a unique A) structure. B) credo. C) society. D) culture.
D
Legislation concerning the disposal of biological wastes, the development of more sophisticatedimaging machines, and longer patient life spans would all be part of the __________ for a publichospital. a.internal environment b.specific environment c.sociocultural environment d.general environment e.environmental differentiation
D
Leon Dodd is a member of a self-managed team at Standard Aero Alliance, Inc. (SAAI). His team'stop priorities are understanding customer requirements and expectations. It would appear thatSAAI is: a.using employee benchmarking b.allowing its employees to assume various decisional roles c.letting its teams handle all planning functions d.using its employees to create a competitive advantage e.relying more on conceptual skills than human skills
D
Lorenzo Fluza is the owner and CEO of the company that makes Camper shoes. Mintzberg would de-scribe Lorenzo Fluza as taking a leader role within the organization. This means he spends much of histime: a.negotiating b.responding to instrumental change c.performing ceremonial duties d.motivating and encouraging its employees to meet their organizational objectives e.ignoring interpersonal roles
D
Managers should NOT use environmental scanning to: a.reduce uncertainty b.stay up-to-date on factors in their industry c.develop and implement their organizational strategies d.develop and sustain their organizational culture e.improve organizational performance
D
Milsand Corp. used office cubicles for its employees. Each employee had a 6-foot-square office withwalls that do not go all the way to the ceiling. Employees were not allowed to personalize their cubicles. If Milsand wanted to change its organizational culture, it could begin by: a.creating a new human resources department b.hiring a cultural ombudsman c.adhering to affirmative action regulations d.allowing employees to personalize their cubicles e.giving everyone raises
D
Refer to Coca-Cola. Coke's devotion to humanitarian efforts is part of the company's: a.general environment b.cognitive response c.specific environment d.internal environment e.affective response
D
Robert Rothschild Farm boosted the morale and showed its gratitude to its 75 employees at its retailstore, cafe, and production facility by hosting its first employee appreciation week. "It was a good mixof fun and learning," said Robin Coffey, marketing manager. Coffey is an example of a: a.supervising manager b.top manager c.first-line manager d.middle manager e.department manager
D
Scientists have developed a fast and inexpensive test for bacterial contamination to detect salmonellaand listeria in food. The test will help restaurants maintain food safety and customer loyalty. Litmusis the only company manufacturing and marketing the test and holds the patent for the testmethodology. If the FDA requires all restaurants to use this test, which can only be purchased directlyfrom Litmus, then _____ will be strong. a.buyer dependence b.pure competition c.transactional freedom d.supplier dependence e.resource scarcity
D
The Bailey Wildlife Fund was created to act as a protector of wolves, grizzly bears, and other predatory animals. It works with landowners to prevent or reduce predator problems. The nonprofitorganization asks landowners to suggest plans that can be implemented to prevent predators fromattacking their herds, and then the Fund pays to implement those that offer the most universal benefit.The landowners are part of the _____ component of the Fund's specific environment. a.competitor b.industry regulation c.supplier d.customer e.political/legal
D
The Edmonton Oilers ice hockey team developed a sense of history for its current players by raising banners showing successful seasons (five Stanley Cups!) and the retired numbers of great players fromthe past in its stadium and locker room. What tactics for maintaining organizational culture are theEdmonton Oilers using? a.organizational complexity and consistency b.organizational benchmarking c.cultural laddering d.organizational stories and organizational heroes e.behavioral addition and behavioral substitution
D
The first step in the organizational innovation process is A) setting the stage. B) producing the ideas. C) assessing the outcome. D) setting the agenda.
D
The term ʺorganizational cultureʺ refers to the A) set of rules, procedures and structures that make an organization unique. B) interpersonal network linking the organizational members together. C) collection of individuals and personalities who exist in an organization. D) shared beliefs, expectations, and core values of people in an organization.
D
Two homebuilders are building homes in nearby subdivisions. One is offering 2,500-square-foothomes with two-acre yards. The other is offering similar-size houses with quarter-acre yards. The builder offering the smaller lots cannot keep up with demand. The builder offering the larger lots hasseveral unsold houses. The builder with the larger lots could use __________ to determine why hishomes are not selling. a.proactive customer monitoring b.consumer confidence forecasts c.demographic information d.reactive customer monitoring e.a competitive analysis
D
When IBM acquired Lotus, a meeting was held between IBM senior vice president John Thompsonand a group of Lotus senior managers. In preparing for the meeting, the Lotus crew had donned theconservative suits and ties they thought were expected in the traditionally buttoned-down IBM. Theywere shocked when Thompson showed up for the meeting in a T-shirt and jeans because he was tryingto look like a Lotus employee. Now that Lotus and IBM are intertwined, this meeting is oftendescribed as a way to emphasize that both groups now have consistent values. This would be anexample of a(n): a.corporate narrative b.human resources anecdote c.anecdotal evidence of success d.organizational story e.scenario
D
When Ivory started work at Henderson Textile Co., she was amazed at its employees who would takethirty-minute restroom breaks, leave for the day at 2 p.m., and generally belittle the company'smanagement. Such employees' actions most likely developed as a result of a faulty: a.general environment b.benchmark c.response to an opportunity d.organizational culture e.formalization strategy
D
When Time-Warner and AOL merged, they had two different organizational cultures. One of theactions taken to make the transition smoother was to abandon dress codes. This elimination of dresscodes is an example of how _____ can be used to change organizational cultures. a. behavioral substitutes b. behavioral additions c.affective additions d.visible artifacts e. behavioral subtractions
D
Which of the following is a component of a local newspaper's general environment and will indirectlyinfluence how it does business?a.an Internet-based newspaper that carries local news b.lobbyists for the local airport c.a local advocacy group demanding the newspaper not print ads for fur coats d.a trend toward less leisure time e.its supplier of paper
D
Which of the following statements about cognitive maps is true? a.Cognitive maps are simplified models of how consumers approach decision making. b.Cognitive maps summarize the perceived relationships between current customers and potential customers. c.Cognitive maps are designed to be used only under conditions of very low uncertainty. d.Cognitive maps may help managers make more effective decisions regarding actions onthreats or opportunities. e.Cognitive maps are often referred to as perceptual maps
D
Which personality variable is most closely related to creativity? A) Extraversion B) Introversion C) Neuroticism D) Openness to experience
D
White Castle is a fast-food restaurant chain that is famous for its small, square hamburgers. The chain began prior to World War II. Which of the following would have been part of its general environmentduring the war?a.other fast-food restaurants that sell hamburgers b.its customers who eat White Castle burgers at least once a week c.the meat packing company that supplied its beef d.government-mandated beef rationing as a result of World War II e. all of these
D
White Castle is a fast-food restaurant chain that is famous for its small, square hamburgers. Which of the following would be a component of its sociocultural environment?a.a period of business prosperity b.the development of fully automated drive-through windows c.a price war with Burger King and McDonald's d.the fact that most consumers prefer to eat out rather than at home e.regulations passed by the Food & Drug Administration
D
_______ is a tactic in which an advocacy group actively tries to convince consumers not to purchase a company's product or service. a.Lobbying b.Public communications c.Media advocacy d.Product boycott e.Market denigration
D
A manager engages in the management function of______ is determining organizational goals and the means for achieving them. A)organizing B)controlling C)human resources management D)planning E)leading
D) Planning
The first step managers use to make sense of their changing environment is: A)modifying budgets B)benchmarking C)downsizing D)enviormental scanning E)perceptual re-engagement
D) enviromental scanning
____ is the accomplishment of tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives A)Efficiency B)Benchmarking C)Satisfying D)Effectiveness E)Optimizing
D)Effectiveness
Management theorist___is best known for his role in the Hawthorne Studies. A)Henry Gantt B)Mary Parker Follett C)Frank Gilbreth D)Elton Mayo E)Chester Barnard
D)Elton Mayo
Which of the following statements about ethics is true? A)ethics can be specifically defined, like other laws B)if an act is legal,it must by definition be ethical C)acting ethically is always easier than any other form of action D)Ethics is a set of moral principles or values that defines right and wrong for a person or group. E)employees assume no risk when they conduct themselves ethically
D)Ethics is a set of moral principles or values that defines right and wrong for a person or group.
After the makers of Wonder Bread declared bankruptcy, their objectives were to increase revenues by at least 5 percent and reduce net losses by at least 80 percent. Which management function is used to set these goals and help the company meet them? A)motivating B)controlling C)organizing D)planning E)leading
D)Planning
What is social responsibility? A)a business's responsibility to its shareholders B)what companies are obliged legally to do to protect their external enviroments C)the fact businesses are responsible for monitoring their social environments so they can satisfy the needs of their customers D)a business's obligations to pursue policies,make decisions,and take actions that benefit society E)a business tactic used to create relationship bonds with customers
D)a business's obligations to pursue policies,make decisions,and take actions that benefit society
___ involves deciding who your competitors are, anticipating competitors moves, and determining competitors strengths and weaknesses A)a SWOT analysis B)a proactive strategy C)competitive mapping D)a competitive analysis E)a market audit
D)a competitive analysis
In which of the following situations would be a Gantt chart be appropriate to use? A)planning a mardi grad parade B)rebuilding communities destroyed by hurricane C)installing a local area network for a computer system D)all of these E)building a bridge
D)all of these
What integrative conflict resolution____ A)both parties in the conflict are coerced into accepting a less-then-optional solution B)peer pressure determines the settlement of the conflict C)both parties involved agree to give up something D)both parties work together to create an alternative solution that includes shared preferences and integrates interests E)a third party's decision settles the conflict
D)both parties work together to create an alternative solution that includes shared preferences and integrates interests
In the decisional role of_____, managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to incremental change A)disseminator B)disturbance handler C)resource allocator D)entrepreneur E)liaison
D)entrepreneur
Managers who train and supervise the performance of non managerial employees, and who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services, are categorized as: A)middle managers B)team leaders C)top managers D)first-line managers E)general managers
D)first-line managers
The____consist of the economy and the technological,socio-cultural, and political/legal trends that indirectly affect all organizations A)direct enviorment B)indirect enviorment C)economic enviroment D)general enviroment E)specific environment
D)general enviroment
A key factor influencing the relationship between companies and their suppliers is: A)how compatible their organizational cultures are B)how much they know about each other C)the type of product being manufactured D)how dependent they are on each other E)all of these
D)how dependent they are on each other
According to Mintzberg, which of the following lists the three major roles managers fulfill while performing their jobs? A)decisional roles, informational roles, and organizational roles B) informational roles,ethical roles, and action roles C) corporate roles,coordination roles, and informational roles D)interpersonal roles,informational roles, decisional roles E) interpersonal roles, intrapersonal roles, and departmental roles
D)interpersonal roles,informational roles, decisional roles
In general, people will be indifferent to managerial directives or orders if they____ A)can actually be carried out by those people B)are understood C)are compatible with people's personal interests D)meet all of the above qualifications E)are consistent with the purpose of the organization
D)meet all of the above qualifications
According to Mintzberg, which role would a manager assume if she was trying to convince union members to accept a 25-cent-per-hour reduction in pay in order to keep the manufacturing plant open? A)entrepreneur B)resource allocator C)liaison D)negotiator E)disturbance handler
D)negotiator
Nearly all organizations should be viewed as_____ that interact with their environment and depend on them for survival A)covert systems B)closed systems C)synergistic subsystems D)open systems E)entropic subsystems
D)open systems
The three stages of moral development identified by Kohlberg are _____ A)amoral level, moral level,post-moral B)unconventional level,pre conventional level, and post conventional C)introductory stage,growth stage, and maturity stage D)preconvential level, conventional level, and post conventional level E)individual stage,organizational stage, and industry-wide stage
D)preconvential level, conventional level, and post conventional level
According to Henri Fayol's fourteen principles of management,____requires that each employee should report to and receive orders from just one boss A)centralization B)vertical authority C)unity of direction D)unity of command E)span of management
D)unity of command
According to the "What Really Works" box, meta-analysis is of value to and will benefit: a.investors and financial institutions b.any student of business c.all stakeholders d.management scholars and practicing managers e.none of these
D.
According to the "What Really Works" box, which of the following statements about meta-analysis is true? a.Meta-analysis is a statistical technique applicable only in a single research study. b.Meta-analysis is of value to all organizational stakeholders. c.Statistics generated through meta-analysis cannot be converted to an understandable for-mat. d.Meta-analysis shows the conditions under which management techniques may work better or worse in the real world. e.Meta-analysis only benefits inexperienced managers.
D.
to increase its goal of increased market shar, Krispy Kreme launched a program awarding students a donut for every A on their report card. Which management function was used to create this? a. controlling b. leading c. focusing d. planning e. organizing
D. planning
Typical responsibilities for _____ include setting objectives consistent with organizational goals and then planning and implementing the subunit strategies for achieving these goals: A)shift supervisors B)top managers C)first-line managers D)middle managers E)team leaders
D.Middle managers
A systems view of management allows managers to ____.
Deal with the complex environment in which their companies operate.
both parties giving up some of what they want in order to reach agreement.
Dealing with Conflict: Compromise
victory of one side over the other.
Dealing with Conflict: Domination
both parties indicating their preferences and then working together to find an alternative that meets the needs of both
Dealing with Conflict: Integration
As a consequence of the Industrial Revolution and its emphasis on specialization, Institutions providing higher education have traditionally used ________________.
Departmentalization
There have been several studies of managers who fail (derailers) and managers who succeed in climbing the organizational hierarchy (arrivers). Which of the following statements describes a significant fact learned from these studies?
Derailers are insensitive.
There have been several studies of managers who fail (derailers) and managers who succeed in climbing the organizational hierarchy (arrivers). Which of the following statements describes a significant fact learned from these studies? Question 2
Derailers are insensitive.
Which approach to stakeholder theory focuses on the actual behavior of the firm and usually addresses how decisions and strategies are made for stakeholder relationships. a. Instrumental approach b. Descriptive approach c. Control approach d. Normative approach e. Strategic decision making approach
Descriptive approach
Managers should NOT use environmental scanning to ____.
Develop and sustain their organizational culture.
duty of loyalty
Directors share a ______, which means all their decisions should be in the best interests of the corporation and its stakeholders.
_____ pertain to the social roles that businesses play in society beyond their economic, legal, and ethical responsibilities.
Discretionary responsibilities
Middle managers typically:
Do all of these
Companies doing a competitive analysis typically err by___.
Doing an incomplete job of identifying competitors.
Follett's approach for dealing with conflict in which one party satisfies its desires and objectives at the expense of the other party's desires and objectives.; easiest in the moment but not usually successful in the long run
Domination
Identify the three ways in which Mary Parker Follett believed managers typically deal with conflict
Domination, compromise, and integration
Identify the three ways in which Mary Parker Follett believed managers typically deal with conflict.
Domination, compromise, and integration
Mary Parker Follett believed managers typically deal with conflict in one of three ways:____.
Domination, compromise, and integration.
According to Mary Parker Follett, ____ is an approach for dealing with conflict in which one party satisfies its desires and objectives at the expense of the other party's desires and objectives.
Domination.
According to Mary Parker Follett, ____ is the easiest way to deal with conflict for the moment, but it is not usually successful in the long run.
Domination.
How did Nazi's do such immoral things? everyone including the top and bottom?
Due to impersonalization...workers have limited/specialized responsibility within bur., so they do not raise basic question of the overall operation morality
occurs when workers withhold their efforts and fail to perform their share of the work.
Social loafing
Caveat emptor is a Latin phrase that means "let the buyer beware." It was used to express the doctrine used by businesses during the 1900s that meant "what you see is what you get." Which of the following statements about this doctrine and its application is false? a. Consumers injured by a product or unscrupulous business practices during the 1900s could take legal action against the business. b. As government involvement has increased, so has everyone's awareness of the social responsibility of business. c. During the 1900s government became involved in day-to-day business activities regularly to limit the free-market system. d. Before the 1930s most people believed that competition and the action of the marketplace would, in time, correct abuses of the free-market system.
During the 1900s government became involved in day-to-day business activities regularly to limit the free-market system.
A company facing a simple environment would: a.most likely be in the first stage of the environmental cycle b.exhibit proof of the punctuated equilibrium theory c.be unable to succeed due to lack of innovation d.be influenced only by factors in its specific environment e.have few external factors in the environment that affect i
E
A high degree of buyer or seller dependence can lead to __________ in which one party benefits at theexpense of the other. a.relationship behavior b.transactional behavior c.behavioral monogamy d.relational monopoly e.opportunistic behavior
E
According to Mintzberg, which role would a manager assume if she were trying to convince unionmembers to accept a 25-cent-per-hour reduction in pay in order to keep the manufacturing plant open? a.resource allocator b.entrepreneur c.disturbance handler d.liaison e.negotiator
E
According to a speech to a forum for retail leaders made by Dr. Hans-Joachim Koerber, "Sustainedgrowth is essential. Sustaining growth is a challenge for virtually every company." Koerber is theCEO of Metro Group, Germany's largest retailer, which has more than 2,400 stores in 30 countries.What informational role did Koerber assume?a.liaison b.resource allocator c.figurehead d.negotiator e.spokesperson
E
According to the text, which of the following is NOT a component of the internal environment of anorganization? a.management b.employees c.organizational culture d.organizational strategy e.customers
E
After six months as a manager, new managers typically believe their job is: a.to provide negative reinforcement b.to exercise formal authority c.to maintain control and avoid delegation d.people development e.to solve problems for subordinates
E
Albertsons is one of the top three supermarket chains in the United States. It is searching for newways to attract the fickle U.S. consumer. As it looks to attract more customers to its stores, it hasidentified its competitors including smaller stores, such as Whole Foods Market and Aldi, andexamined their strengths and weaknesses. Albertsons has conducted: a.competitive mapping b.a market audit c.a SWOT analysis d.a proactive audit e.a competitive analysis
E
An organization called 85 Broads is sponsoring a "no purchase day" on October 19th to bring attentionto the gap between women's purchasing power and their representation in boardrooms and executive positions. They are asking consumers to engage in: a.social responsibility b.cause management c.lobbying d.countertrading e.a product boycott
E
As described by Mintzberg, a marketing manager who was hired by a manufacturer of plumbing fix-tures to operate information booths at more than twenty different international trade shows annuallywould have the informational role of: a.entrepreneur b.resource allocator c.figurehead d.communicator e.spokesperson
E
At the death of her husband, Miriam McAllister became the CEO of a company that is the world'sleading manufacturer of kidney dialysis machines. Even though she was not expected to, she quicklyasked company employees to develop ideas for new products that would lead to organizational growthin a changing environment. The decisional role she took on was that of a(n): a.leader b.disseminator c.resource allocator d.spokesperson e.entrepreneur
E
At the death of her husband, Miriam McAllister became the CEO of a company that is the world'sleading manufacturer of kidney dialysis machines. It was believed when she took the position that shewould only perform ceremonial duties and would not want to be actively involved in the running of thecompany. In other words, it was assumed she would be a: a.resource allocator b.monitor c.disseminator d.spokesperson e.figurehead
E
Changes in any sector of the general environment: a.will typically not impact most organizations b.tend to slow down how quickly an organization moves through the environmental cycle c.inhibit the innovation process d.influence customers first and then suppliers e.will eventually affect most organizations
E
Environmental __________ determines how well managers can understand or predict the externalchanges and trends affecting their businesses. a.complexity b.change c.adaptability d.synergy e.uncertainty
E
Hooters' is a chain of more than 2,000 restaurants. Its employees cheerfully admit that the restaurantsare "delightfully tacky, yet unrefined." The reason the company exists is apparent to all of itsemployees—its purpose is fun. The concept of making eating out consistently fun for men is anexample of its: a.adaptability b.responsiveness c.involvement d.consistency e.mission
E
In the spring of 2007, Howard Schultz, the chairman of Starbucks, expressed his concern over theencroachment of fast-food operations into the coffeehouse business. Schultz is concerned with the _____ component of the specific environment of Starbucks. a.supplier b.customer c.industry regulation d.advocacy groups e.competitor
E
Jane is in charge of her Rotary Club's annual fund-raising auction. She will decide who will ask local businesses for prizes, who will determine the site, who will sell tickets to customers, and who willwork the night of the auction. She is engaged in the management function of: a.planning b.controlling c.leading d.resource allocation e.organizing
E
Jurgen Strube was the CEO of BASF for ten years. In 2007, he was replaced by Jurgen Hambrecht.Strube's style of management was described as "restrained formality." Hambrecht, on the other hand,is known to have an easy affability. What decisional role will the company's middle managers need toassume in order to adapt themselves to the new CEO's different personality? a.leader b.disseminator c.resource allocator d.spokesperson e.entrepreneur
E
one of the disadvantages associated with the use of work teams.
Social loafing
Discretionary responsibilities
Social roles that a company fulfils beyond its economic, legal, and ethical responsibilities
Kodak makes both camera equipment and paper for printing pictures. Kodak would view the growing popularity of digital cameras as a(n) __________ in its external environment if it considered howdigital cameras affect sales of cameras that use film. On the other hand, Kodak would view thegrowing popularity of digital cameras as a(n) __________ in its external environment if it consideredthe amount of Kodak processing paper used in printing pictures made by digital cameras. a.strength; weakness b.risk; certainty c.opportunity; threat d.certainty; risk e.threat; opportunity
E
Laura Childs found a charming old cottage in which to set up her herbal business and tea house, butthe bathroom was not big enough for a wheelchair. Lawrence Li wanted to set up a paintball alley inan old factory but there was no ramp entrance. Many other small business owners have found howexpensive it is to comply with Americans with Disabilities Act regulations in new businesses. Thisfederal law is an example of a component of the _____ environment. a.technological b.sociocultural c.economic d.demographic e.political/legal
E
Managers can use behavioral addition and behavioral substitution to: a.create benchmarks b.assess the threats and opportunities in the internal environment c.develop new products d.locate new markets for existing products e.modify corporate culture
E
Middle managers typically: a.plan and allocate resources b.coordinate and link groups and departments c.implement changes and strategies generated by top managers d.monitor the activities of first-line managers who report to them e.do all of these
E
Millard Fuller, who founded the world-renowned Christian housing ministry Habitat for Humanity In-ternational with his wife, ended his service as president in 2005. In 2004 Fuller had been forced intoassuming a figurehead role since the hiring of a new managing director. What did Fuller do? a.He distributed critical information to employees. b.He monitored the environment. c.He helped the organization adapt to incremental changes. d.He negotiated salaries, raises, and promotions. e.He performed ceremonial duties like greeting company visitors
E
Refer to Coca-Cola. The change Coke made at the request of Greenpeace was an example of a changein the _____ component of its environment. a.economic b.political/legal c.sociocultural d.demographic e.technological
E
The informational role managers play when they share information they have collected with their sub-ordinates and others in the company is called the __________ role. a.monitor b.figurehead c.resource allocator d.entrepreneur e.disseminator
E
The manager of a company that produces soy-based sausage wants to conduct a competitive analysis.During this competitive analysis, she should look at: a.companies that produce Tennessee Pride, Jimmy Dean, and other brands of pork-basedsausage b.Morningstar, a company that has a complete line of soy-based products c.companies that produce other forms of breakfast meat like bacon d.individuals who make their own sausage e.all of these
E
There have been several studies of managers who fail (derailers) and managers who succeed in climb-ing the organizational hierarchy (arrivers). Which of the following statements describes one of thefacts learned from these studies? a.Arrivers differ significantly from derailers. b.Arrivers have no weaknesses. c.Arrivers and derailers both possess two or more fatal flaws regarding how they manage people. d.The number one mistake of derailers was that they were unable to think strategically. e.Arrivers are sensitive to the feelings of others
E
Typical responsibilities for __________ include setting objectives consistent with organizational goalsand then planning and implementing the subunit strategies for achieving these goals. a.top managers b.shift supervisors c.first-line managers d.team leaders e.middle managers
E
Which of the following approaches will guarantee the successful change of an organizational culture? a.employee munificence b.perceptual substitution c.the recognition of new organizational heroes d.new organizational stories e.none of these
E
Which of the following is a characteristic of successful organizational cultures?a.adaptability b.consistency c.involvement d.a clear mission e.all of these
E
Which of the following is a strategy recommended for changing organizational culture? a.allow employees to personalize their offices b.use behavioral substitution and behavioral addition c.select job applicants with appropriate values and beliefs d.eliminate the company dress code e.all of these
E
Which of the following is an example of a mechanism used to sustain organizational culture after anorganization's founders are gone? a.recruiting practices b.employee turnover c.cultural myths d.organizational policies e.none of these
E
Which of the following management practices can be used by an organization that wants to create acompetitive advantage through its employees? a.self-managed teams b.employment security c.high wages contingent on organizational performance d.sharing information e.doing all of these
E
Which of the following statements about a company's mission is (are) true? a.A company's mission refers to the company's purpose or reason for existing. b.A company's mission can make the organization's strategic purpose and directionapparent to everyone. c.A company's mission can help to guide decision making under conditions of environmental uncertainty. d.A company's mission strengthens the organizational culture. e.All of these statements about a company's mission are true.
E
Which of the following would be an example of a visible artifact for an organization that is beingmerged with a large international firm?a.personal parking spaces for all salespeople b.a private company dining room c.traditional offices d.end-of-year bonuses e.all of these
E
Which type of skills tends to be most important to the success of lower-level managers? a.decisional skills b.human skills c.conceptual skills d.motivation to manage e.technical skills
E
White Castle is a fast-food restaurant chain that is famous for its small, square hamburgers. Which of the following would be a component of its general environment?a.meat processing companies that provide its ground beef b.consumers who will drive miles out of their way to eat a White Castle burger c.boycotts by the Chicago organization of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals(PETA) d.local zoning laws that designate the appropriate distance from the street for a White Castlerestaurant to be located e.inflation
E
____ were most likely responsible for Hershey's decision to sell its products in the Asian markets. a.General managers b.Middle managers c.First-line managers d.Team leaders e.Top manager
E
_____ involves deciding who your competitors are, anticipating competitors' moves, anddetermining competitors' strengths and weaknesses. a.Competitive mapping b.A market audit c.A SWOT analysis d.A proactive strategy e.A competitive analysis
E
______ is the process of having managers and employees perform new behaviors that are centralto and symbolic of the new organizational culture that a company wants to create. a.Relationship transformation b.Behavioral substitution c.Partnering d.Attitudinal modification e.Behavioral addition
E
__________ is the degree to which an organization's external environment has an abundance or scarcity of critical organizational resources. a.Environmental complexity b.Environmental capacity c.Differentiation opportunity d.Environmental dynamism e.Resource scarcity
E
n setting up his new office, an attorney wanted furnishings that were elegant and that would make himlook successful. He wanted thick, plush carpeting in his office, but federal regulations state that because his office is a public area, it must be wheelchair accessible. Wheelchairs do not maneuver wellin thick carpeting. The building inspector had him remove the expensive carpeting and replace it witha carpet that did allow wheelchair maneuverability. This is an example of how the __________ component of a company's specific environment influences it. a.sociocultural b.economic c.political/legal d.supplier e.industry regulation
E
Which skills increase their important to success as managers rise through the managerial ranks? A)conceptual skills,technical skills, and human skills B)informational skills and the motivation to manage C)human skills and decisional skills D)human skills and informational skills E)conceptual skills and the motivation to manage
E) Conceptual skills and the motivation to manage
A manager who gets work done with a minimum of effort is increasing the _____ of the organization A)Synergy B)Functionality C)Effectiveness D)Productivity E) Efficiency
E) Efficiency
Managers who train and supervise the performance of non managerial employees, and who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services, are categorizes as: A)middle managers B)team leaders C)general managers D)top managers E) first-line managers
E) First-line managers
Which of the following management theorist helped develop human relations management? A)Max Weber B)Henri Fayol C)Fredrik Taylor D)Henry Gantt E)Mary Parker Follett
E) Mary Parker Follett
Which of the following is characteristic of successful organizational cultures? A)involvement B)adaptability C)consistency D)a clear vision E)all of these
E)all of these
In order to change the organizational culture, top management can persuade other managers and employees to perform new behavior in place of an older one. This technique is called____ A)behavioral subtraction B)behavioral iteration C)replacement behavior D)organizational acculturation E)behavioral substitution
E)behavioral substitution
When using ___ techniques to change organizational culture, they key to success is to choose behaviors that are central to and symbolic of the old culture that is changing and the new culture you want to create. A)conditioned and classical learning B)negative and positive reinforcements C)attitudinal motivation and conditioned learning D)organizational stories and heroes E)behavioral substitution and behavioral addition
E)behavioral substitution and behavioral addition
Which of the following is NOT a dimension of political/legal component of a general environment that governs and regulates business behabior? A)legilisation B)court decisions C)regulation D)customer-initiated lawsuits E)competitive products
E)competitive products
One of the primary reasons for the slow response to help the victims of Hurricane Katrina was antiquated government system that was bogged down in bureaucratic red tape. In other words, the failure of assistance to arrive in a timely fashion was due to the lack of: A)effectiveness B)instrumentality C)the absence of entropy D)apathy E)efficiency
E)efficiency
Employees tend to feel a greater sense of ownership and responsibility in companies with organizational cultures characterized by: A)adaptability B)delegation C)managerial empathy D)consistency E)employee involvement
E)employee involvement
An organization engaged in ____________ is searching the environment for important events or issues that might affect an organization A)a competitive assesment B)a market audit C)enviromental advocacy D)an internal situational analysis E)enviromental scanning
E)enviromental scanning
What are the two types of external organizational environments? A)organizational and the interpersonal B)market-specific and the product-specific C)public and private D)global and the national E)general and the specific
E)general and the specific
The Hawthorne Studies showed how___can influence work group performance, for better or worse. A)realistic work quotas B)organizational codes of ethics C)merit-based promotion D)important work E)group cohesiveness
E)group cohesiveness
Technology is the _____used to transform inputs(raw materials,information etc) into outputs(goods or services) A)knowledge and machinery B)tools and techniques C)plans and machinery D)strategy and tactics E)knowledge,tools,and techniques
E)knowledge,tools, and techniques
A U.S. Marine drill instructor motivating new recruits to challenge themselves is engaged in which management function? A)organizing B)motivating C)planning D)controlling E)leading
E)leading
The marketing manager of Interstate Bakeries was asked to meet with the organization's research and development department to explain why the company needed to change its 25 year old package design for Twinkies. The marketing manager took on an interpersonal role as: A)disturbance handler B)figurehead C)resouce allocator D)disseminator E)liaison
E)liaison
In general, this management theory uses a quantitative approach to find ways to increase productivity,improve quality, and manage or reduce costly inventories A)information management B)administrative management C)communication management D)management science E)operations management
E)operations management
The__________is the set of key values,beliefs,and attitudes shared by organizational members A)organizational vision B)industry code of ethics C)internal enviorment D)organizational strategy E)organizational culture
E)organizational culture
After an organizations founders are gone, the organization can use __ to sustain its organizational culture A)organizational structure B)organizational maps C)industry associations D)reciprocal formalization E)organizational heroes
E)organizational heroes
In terms of environmental complexity______ environment have environmental factors, whereas __________ environments have many environmental factors A)stable;dynamic B)market-oriented;product-oriented C)non-competitive;competitive D)scarce;abundant E)simple;complex
E)simple;complex
Ethical intensity depends on all of the following EXCEPT______ A)concentration of effect B)probability of effect C)proximity of effect D)temporal immediacy E)social commitment
E)social commitment
A U.S. Marine drill instructor motivating new recruits to challenge themselves is engaged in whichmanagement function? a.planning b.organizing c. controlling d. motivating e. leading
E.
_____ responsibility means making a profit by producing a product valued by society.
Economic
Social responsibilities of organizations
Economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary
Imagine a Mexican car manufacturer wanted to export its automobiles to Guatemala. Knowledge that the distribution of income within Guatemala is highly unequal and about 75 percent of the population is below the poverty line would be a(n) ____ component in the manufacturer's general environment.
Economic.
A manager striving to improve organizational ____ is accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives.
Effectiveness
A manager striving to improve organizational ________ is accomplishing tasks that help achieve organizational objectives.
Effectiveness
Accomplishing tasks that help fulfil organizational objectives
Effectiveness
Managers must strive for _____, which is accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives such as customer service and satisfaction
Effectiveness
is the accomplishment of tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives.
Effectiveness
A manager striving to improve organizational ____ is accomplishing tasks that help achieve organizational objectives.
Effectiveness is accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives.
____ is the accomplishment of tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives.
Effectiveness is the accomplishment of tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives.
Fruitlicious is a fruit juice manufacturing company. The company ensures that all the raw materials are used well and minimal waste is produced. The juice extraction and packaging units are designed in such way that quality is maintained with minimal costs. It can be said that Fruitlicious demonstrates _____.
Efficiency
Getting work done with minimum effort, expense, or waste
Efficiency
managements functions was used by...
Egyptians
is responsible for the fact that most products are manufactured using standardized, interchangeable parts.
Eli Whitney
____ is responsible for the fact that most products are manufactured using standardized, interchangeable parts.
Eli Whitney.
Hawthorne Studies proved relevant as managers looked for ways to increase productivity and to improve worker satisfaction and working conditions
Elton Mayo
Management theorist _____ is best know for his role in the Hawthorne studies.
Elton Mayo
Which of the following management theorists provided managers with a better understanding of the effect group social interactions and employee satisfaction have on individual and group performance?
Elton Mayo
was one of the first researchers to focus on studying human relations management; best known for his role in the Hawthorne Studies; provided managers with a better understanding of the effect group social interactions and employee satisfaction have on individual and group performance
Elton Mayo
Management theorist ____ is best known for his role in the Hawthorne Studies.
Elton Mayo.
Which management theorist provided managers with a better understanding of the effect group social interactions and employee satisfaction have on individual and group performance?
Elton Mayo.
Which of the following is NOT a secondary stakeholder group? a. Television news reporters b. Employees c. Trade associations d. Special interest groups e. Magazines
Employees
Employment security
Employees can innovate and increase the profitability of an organization without the fear of losing their job
Competitive Advantage Through People: Sharing Information
Employees need to share info about costs, finances, productivity, development times, and strategies that was previously known only by company managers
_____ is the ultimate form of commitment companies can make to their workers.
Employment security
Competitive Advantage Through People: Employment Security
Employment security is the form of commitment companies can make to their worker. Employees can innovate and increase company productivity without fearing the loss of their jobs.
The Gap used ______ to allow its employees to gain a feeling of intrinsic motivation.
Empowerment
At the death of her husband, Miriam McAllister became the CEO of a company that is the world's leading manufacturer of kidney dialysis machines. Even though she was not expected to, she quickly asked company employees to develop ideas for new products that would lead to organizational growth in a changing environment. The decisional role she took on was that of a(n):
Entrepreneur
Decisional Roles
Entrepreneur, Disturbance Handler, Resource Allocator, Negotiator
_____ is the rate at which a company's general and specific environments alter.
Environmental change
Leaders must be able to manage:
Environmental change Environmental complexity Resource scarcity Uncertainty
_____ is defined as searching the industry for important events or issues that might affect an organization.
Environmental scanning
Refer to Dofasco. What technique would Dofasco most likely have used to keep apprised of environmental changes that could impact how the company does business?
Environmental scanning.
The first step managers use to make sense of their changing environments is ____.
Environmental scanning.
part of Fayol's 14 principles of management that encourages coordination efforts among wokers
Esprit De Corps
Which of the following terms describes the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue?
Ethical intensity
Regulations and rules that govern the practices and procedures of specific industries, businesses, and professions
Ex. CAFÉ standards
Modular organizations
Except for the core business activities that they can perform better, faster, and cheaper than others, ____ outsource all remaining business activities to out companies, suppliers, specialists, or consultants.
Kinds of Managers: Top Managers
Executives responsible for the overall direction of the organization Responsibilities: Change, Commitment, Culture, Environment Jobs: CEO, CFO, CIO, COO, VP, Corporate Heads
Top Managers
Executives responsible for the overall direction of the organization Chief executive officer (CEO) Chief operating officer (COO) Chief financial officer (CFO) Chief information officer (CIO)
According to bureaucratic management, which of the following is a criterion on which employees should be promoted?
Experience or achievements
All events outside a company that have the potential to influence or affect it occur in the ____________ environment.
External
All events outside a company that have the potential to influence or affect it occur in the ____ environment.
External.
A large multinational company has multiple divisions within the U.S. and many foreign countries. Each division has its own unique subculture. As a result, one would not expect to find a dominant culture reflecting the companyʹs core values that are shared throughout the organization.
F
A student who is studying organizational behavior merely to earn a high grade, rather than to understand concepts that may be useful in a future career, is said to have high intrinsic task motivation.
F
An organization with a market culture is characterized as valuing flexibility and discretion while maintaining an external focus.
F
An organizationʹs culture is a representation of the type of people who work there and who give the organization its identity and purpose
F
Governmental agencies and large corporations tend to have clan cultures.
F
In organizations founded by a strong leader, the original culture reflected the values of the founder. However, the culture inevitably changes significantly when the founder is no longer involved in the day-to-day affairs of the organization.
F
Innovation is the process by which individuals or teams produce novel ideas.
F
Research indicates that people can be more creative when they are closely supervised and are able to work alone without distractions from coworkers.
F
Since organizations are composed of human beings, the organizationʹs culture is a melting pot of the various peoplesʹ personalities.
F
There is very little an organization can do to promote creativity. It is an innate skill. Either a person is by nature creative or he or she is not
F
While an organizationʹs culture is not static, changes can and do occur. However, cultural changes always are slow and cannot be planned.
F
According to its rate of environmental change, an organization's environment can be either stable or dynamic, but not both.
False
Successful organizational cultures seem to be based solely upon consistency (i.e., "strength" of the organizational culture).
False
The best way to manage legal responsibilities is to retain a large staff of legal specialists to defend the company against any charges.
False
The general segment of a company's external environment is unique to each firm's industry and directly affects the way it conducts day-to-day business.
False
The number one mistake made by managers who were derailed from their fast track up the managerial ranks was that they didn't develop the necessary technical skills.
False
The specific segment of an organization's external environment is unique to its region of the country.
False
The four classical functions of management are (1) making things happen, (2) meeting the competition, (3) organizing people, projects, and processes, and (4) leading.
False The four classical functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
Conceptual skills are most important for lower-level managers
False - Technical skills are most important
While good management is basic to starting and growing a business, once some measure of success has been achieved, good management becomes less important.
False,
There are four decisional roles. They are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and spokesperson.
False, the four decisional roles are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator.
First-line managers are responsible for setting objectives consistent with organizational goals and planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these objectives.
False, this is one of the responsibilities of middle managers
Top managers are the managers responsible for facilitating team activities toward goal accomplishment
False, this is one of the responsibilities of team leaders
which of the following is an example of a situational theory of leadership?
Fielder's contingency theory
Which of the following is an example of an interpersonal role?
Figurehead
Interpersonal Roles
Figurehead, Leader, Liaison
The goal of scientific management was to____.
Find the one best way to perform each task.
A ____ for a fast-food restaurant would be responsible for giving instructions to the staff and for setting up weekly work schedules.
First Line Manager
train and supervise non managerial employees who are responsible for producing the company's products or services
First Line Managers
Managers who train and supervise the performance of nonmanagerial employees and who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services are categorized as:
First-line managers
Identify three of the five most significant mistakes made by managers.
Five of the most important mistakes made by managers are (1) being abrasive and intimidating; (2) being cold, aloof, or arrogant; (3) betraying trust; (4) being overly ambitious; and (5) failing to build a team and then delegate to that team.
Corporate governance is defined as a. the management style of the firm's CEO. b. the members of the Board of Directors. c. the memos sent out by upper management on appropriate conduct d. formal systems of accountability, oversight, and control. e. classic economic precepts, including the goal of maximizing wealth.
Formal systems of accountability, oversight, and control.
False
Fortunately, social responsibility and ethics are completely interchangeable terms.
During World War I, battlefield surgery was crude. Which of the following management theorists would most likely have used their understanding of how work is done to help surgeons eliminate unnecessary motions, operate more efficiently, and save more lives by closely studying how surgeries were performed?
Frank Gilbreth.
Which management theorist would most likely have said, "The greatest waste in the world comes from needless, ill-directed, and ineffective motions"?
Frank Gilbreth.
Motion studies -employment of handicapped workers/industrial psychology -enact laws regarding workplace safety, ergonomics, and child labor
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth
the couple who is known for their time and motion studies
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth
father of scientific management
Frederick Taylor
Father of Scientific Management -employee rest breaks
Frederick W. Taylor
-using systematic analysis to identify the best methods -scientifically selecting, training, and developing workers -promoting cooperation between management and labor -developing standardized approaches and tools -setting specific tasks or goals and then rewarding workers with financial incentives -giving workers shorter work hours and frequent breaks
Frederick W. Taylor's key ideas
shows which tasks must be completed at which times in order to complete a project or task.
Gantt Chart
Today thanks to ____, Unverferth, a farm equipment manufacturer, was able to use computer-assisted design in the development of its new 12-row subsoiler for cotton production.
Gaspard Mones.
an example of this would be the economy in which an organization operates
General Environment
Legislation concerning the disposal of biological wastes, the development of more sophisticated imaging machines, and longer patient life spans would all be part of the ____ for a public hospital.
General Environment.
Organizations operate in two kinds of complex environments. They are ____.
General and specific environments.
What are the two types of external organizational environments?
General and the specific.
The ___________ consists of the economy and the technological, socio-cultural, and political/legal trends that indirectly affect all organizations.
General environment
The ____ consists of the economy and the technological, sociocultural, and political/legal trends that indirectly affect all organizations.
General environment.
Explain the example of general motors and immoral decisions?
General motors was cutting back no car safety to save money even though people were dying (even the workers' families) due to this impersonalization...."there wasn't a man in top GM who had anything to do with the Corsair who would purposely build a car that he knew would kill people, but he was thinking as a business man (impersonalized from human driving the cars) and not like a father
Refer to Dofasco. The slump in the automobile industry would be part of Dofasco's ____ environment.
General.
In terms of external organizational environments, the ____ environment affects all organizations while the ____ environment is unique to each company.
General; specific.
Efficiency
Getting work done with minimum of effort, expense, or waste. -Minimizing the use of resources -doing things right (Drucker, 1966)
White Castle is a fast-food restaurant chain that is famous for its small, square hamburgers. The chain began prior to World War II. Which of the following would have been part of its specific environment during the war in particular?
Government-mandated beef rationing as a result of World War II.
Tourism was not the only travel-associated industry that has been visibly hurt by what happened on 9/11. People decided to vacation at home and sales of luggage and similar travel gear decreased significantly. Sales of home swimming pools increased. This decision to stay at home reflects a change in attitudes toward the perceived safety of long-distance traveling. This is an example of a change in the ____ component of the general environment.
Sociocultural.
job enrichment was used by...
Greeks
The Hawthorne Studies showed how ____ can influence work group performance, for better or worse. a. organizational codes of ethics The Hawthorne Studies showed how ____ can influence work group performance, for better or worse.
Group Cohesiveness.
Secondary stakeholders
Groups that influence and/or are affected by a company and that neither engage in economic exchanges with the firm nor are fundamental to its daily survival are collectively called
secondary stakeholders
Groups that influence and/or are affected by a company and that neither engage in economic exchanges with the firm nor are fundamental to its daily survival are collectively called _____.
The purpose of the Maine Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association (MOFGA) is to promote the production of safe, high quality food in a manner that does not harm the environment and that preserves or improves soil fertility, soil structure, and farm sustainability. This is the organization's vision, and it ____.
Guides the decisions and behaviors of the people who are members of the organization.
Refer to Dofasco. Dofasco operates according to the punctuated equilibrium theory. This means the company ____.
Has periods of long stability punctuated by short periods dynamic change.
A company facing a simple environment would ____.
Have few external factors in the environment that affect it.
-Workers' feelings and attitudes affected their work -Financial incentives weren't the most important motivator for workers -Group norms and behavior play a critical role in behavior at
Hawthorne Studies
occurs when workers deliberately slow down their pace or restrict their work outputs; Elton Mayo witnesses this during the Bank Wiring Room phase of the Hawthorne Studies; Frederick Taylor observed this
Soldiering
When Millard Fuller, who founded the world-renowned Christian housing ministry Habitat for Humanity International with his wife, ended his service as president his role was limited to that of a figurehead. After this change, what functions did Fuller most likely do until he retired?
He performed ceremonial duties like greeting company visitors.
During the Bank Wiring Room phase of his Hawthorne Studies, Elton Mayo witnessed behavior reminiscent of the ____ Frederick Taylor observed.
Soldiering.
____ occurs when workers deliberately slow down their pace or restrict their work outputs.
Soldiering.
Which of the following is NOT associated with Max Weber's bureaucratic management?
Span of management.
Which management theorist would most likely have said, "The success of an enterprise generally depends much more on the administrative ability of its leaders than on their technical ability"?
Henri Favol.
Which of the following management theorists used his own personal experiences as a CEO to create his theory of management?
Henri Favol.
____ is best known for developing the five functions of managers and the fourteen principles of management.
Henri Favol.
responsible for the 14 principles of management and 5 functions of managers; used his own personal experiences as a CEO to create his theory of management; created administrative management
Henri Fayol
Gantt chart pay-for-performance plans and the training and development of workers
Henry Gantt
an example of this would be an organizations competitor's
Specific Environment
At one time it was very difficult for independent booksellers to carry all the books from the different publishers. Book ordering was time-consuming and frustrating when orders did not arrive in a timely fashion. Returning unsold books was an equally miserable experience. The creation of Ingram Distribution allowed the booksellers to streamline the ordering and return procedures. Ingram made all the books bookstore owners wanted to carry available in one centralized warehouse. Many new bookstore owners would be unwilling and/or unable to return to the method of ordering books from the individual publishers. This is an example of the creation of ____.
High buyer dependence on a supplier.
Competitive Advantage Through People: High Wages Contingent on Organizational Performance
High wages needed to attract and retain talented workers and to indicate that the organization values its workers
Refer to Dofasco. The fact Ford that purchased less steel from Dofasco during the auto industry's slump would be part of Dofasco's ____ environment because Ford Motor Company is one of its customers.
Specific.
Typically the most important factor in the relationship between companies and their suppliers is ____.
How dependent they are on each other.
an approach to management that focuses on the psychological and social aspects of work
Human Relations
focuses on the psychological and social aspects of work. People are valuable organizational resources whose needs are important
Human Relations approach to management
The ____ approach to management focuses on the psychological and social aspects of work.
Human Relations.
What type of skills are equally important at all levels of management?
Human Skills
_____ focuses on the psychological and social aspects of work.
Human relations management
Proactive customer monitoring
Identifying and addressing customer needs, trends, and issues before they occur
Reactive customer monitoring
Identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur
Which of these represent the second step in stakeholder framework to manage responsibility and business ethics? a. Assessing organizational commitment to social responsibility b. Identifying stakeholder issues c. Identifying stakeholder groups d. Identifying resources and determining urgency e. Assessing the corporate culture
Identifying stakeholder groups
Competitive Advantage Through People: Selective Hiring
If employees are the basis for a company's competitive advantage and those employees have employment security, then the company needs to aggressively recruit and selectively screen applicants in order to hire the most talented employees available
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of successful organizational cultures?
Immutability
Entrepreneur
In the decisional role of______,managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to incremental change.
there are reciprocal relationships between the firm and its stakeholders
In the stakeholder interaction model, _____.
Sociocultural
Includes demographic characteristics, general behavior, attitudes, and beliefs of people in a particular society Changes in demographic characteristics affect how companies staff their businesses Changes in behavior, attitudes, and beliefs affect the demand for a business's products and services
Simple environment
Includes few factors
Complex environment
Includes many factors
this changed jobs and organizations by replacing low paid, unskilled workers running machines with high paid skilled artisans; hundreds of people began working under one roof instead of at homes and fields
Industrial Revolution
_____ refers to the protocols and guidelines that govern the business practices and procedures of specific businesses, and professions.
Industry regulation
In setting up his new office, an attorney wanted furnishings that were elegant and that would make him look successful. He wanted thick, plush carpeting in his office, but federal regulations state that his office must be wheelchair accessible because ite is a public area. Wheelchairs do not maneuver well in thick carpeting. The building inspector had him remove the expensive carpeting and replace it with a carpet that did allow wheelchair maneuverability. This is an example of how the ____ component of a company's specific environment influences it.
Industry regulation.
White Castle is a fast-food restaurant chain that is famous for its small, square hamburgers. Which of the following would be a component of its general environment?
Inflation.
has existed since before writing was invented (in fact, it led to the development of writing). Organizations have quickly adopted new information technologies. Speedy information technologies are essential for business success.
Information Management
the point of _____ is to have both parties indicate their preferences and then work together to find an alternative that meets the needs of both.
Integrative conflict resolution
The term ____ refers to the events and trends inside an organization that affect management, employees, and the organizational culture.
Internal environment.
According to Mintzberg, which of the following is one of the three major roles managers fulfill while performing their jobs?
Interpersonal roles
According to Mintzberg, which of the following are the three major roles managers fulfill while performing their jobs?
Interpersonal roles, informational roles, and decisional roles
Mintzberg's Managerial Roles
Interpersonal, Informational, Decisonal
What is the term used for the amount and number of raw materials, parts, and finished products that a company has in its possession?
Inventory.
_____ are groups or individuals who have a claim in some aspect of a company's products, operations, markets, industry, and outcomes. a. Customers b. Employees c. Stakeholders d. Investors e. Gatekeepers
Stakeholders
The Gantt Chart___.
Is a chart that shows when and where tasks need to be completed so that a job can be completed in a timely fashion.
Departmentalization
Is a general term that refers to subdividing work and workers into separate organizational units that are responsible for completing particular tasks.
Job specialization
Is characterized by simple, easy to learn steps, low variety, and high repetition.
Management
Is getting work done through others
Task significance
Is the degree to which a job is perceived to have a substantial impact on others inside or outside the organization.
According to Weber, a bureaucracy ____.
Is the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge, expertise, or experience.
Which of the following statements best defines social responsibility?
It is a business' obligation to pursue policies, make decisions, and take actions that benefit society.
Which of the following statements is true about environmental uncertainty?
It is most likely to be high when environmental change is extensive.
Which of the following is true about a company's specific environment?
It is unique to a particular firm's industry.
Which of the following would be a part of an organization's specific environment?
Its competitors.
Which of the following is a component of the specific environment that would directly influence a restaurant's day-to-day operation?
Its regular customers.
An organization that has increased the number of different tasks that individual workers perform in their jobs.
Job Specialization
determines the number, kind, variety of tasks that individual workers perform their jobs.
Job design
Technology is the ____ used to transform inputs (raw materials, information, etc.) into outputs (products or services).
Knowledge, tools, and techniques
Technology
Knowledge, tools, and techniques used to transform inputs into outputs
True
Steps 1 through 3 in stakeholder framework are geared toward generating information about social responsibility among a variety of influences in and around an organization. Step 4 brings these three stages together to arrive at an understanding of social responsibility that specifically matches the organization of interest.
As the human resources manager at Hayden Engineering and Manufacturing Corp, Kim had to find effective ways to reward high performing employees and boost their morale during an economic downturn. Which management function did Kim have to engage in?
Leading
As the human resources manager for Spring Engineering and Manufacturing Corp. in Canton, Michigan, Kim Radeback had to find inexpensive ways to reward high performing employees and bolster morale during a sales-flattening economic downturn. Radeback had to engage in which management function?
Leading
Robert Rothschild Farm boosted morale and showed its gratitude to its 75 employees at its retail store by hosting its first employee appreciation week. It used the management function of ____ to boost morale.
Leading
White Castle is a fast-food restaurant chain that is famous for its small, square hamburgers. Which of the following would be an industry regulation component of its specific environment?
Local health inspectors.
How did the Industrial Revolution change jobs and organizations?
Low-paid, unskilled workers running machines began to replace high-paid, skilled artisans.
Top managers are responsible for (1) creating a context for change, (2) developing attitudes of commitment and ownership, (3) creating a positive organizational culture through words and actions, and (4) monitoring their company's business environment. Of these four dimensions, which ones do you think can also be significantly impacted by the day-to-day actions of middle managers, first-line managers, and team leaders? Explain the rationale for your answer.
Lower-level managers in their day-to-day activities probably could not impact two of the four dimensions significantly. These are (1) creating a context for change and (4) monitoring their company's business environment. Regarding both of these dimensions, lower-level managers have neither the time available to collect the necessary information for analysis, synthesis, and decision-making nor the authority to develop and put in place overall strategies, visions, or mission statements. On the other hand, the day-to-day treatment of peers, subordinates and other employees will often have an impact on the attitudes and commitment of those employees and their personal acceptance of responsibility for their share of the company's performance (i.e., dimension 2, developing attitudes of commitment and ownership). Similarly, by their actions, lower-level managers can demonstrate the importance of, and their commitment to, company values and strategies (i.e., dimension 3, creating a positive organizational culture through words and actions). Thus, they can support and enhance a positive organizational culture through their words and action by demonstrating those values and commitments to all employees through their personal behavior. Employees will be more likely to accept and support the organization's culture if they see managers at all levels "living the culture" in their day-to-day work.
Getting work done through others
Management
____ is defined as getting work done through others.
Management
______ is defined as getting work done through others A)Strategizing B)Management C)Controlling D)Organizing E)Planning
Management
getting work done through others
Management
is defined as getting work done through others.
Management
Which of the following statements about the origins of management is true?
Management as a field of study is only about 125 years old.
According to bureaucratic management, _____ should supervise the organization.
Managers
Entrepreneur
Managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to change
Liaison
Managers deal with people outside their units
Resource allocator
Managers decide who gets what resources and in what amounts
List and briefly describe the three basic managerial roles identified by Mintzberg. Include a list of the basic sub- roles that characterize each of these roles in your definition.
Managers fulfill three major roles while performing their jobs: (1) interpersonal roles (i.e., talking to people), which include the subroles of figurehead, leader, and liaison; (2) informational roles (i.e., gathering and giving information), which include the subroles of monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson; and (3) decisional roles (i.e., making decisions), including the subroles of entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator.
Leader
Managers motivate and encourage workers to accomplish organizational objectives
Define efficiency and effectiveness and explain their relationship to the process of management.
Managers need to be concerned with both efficiency and effectiveness in the work process. Efficiency is getting work done with a minimum of effort, expense, or waste. By itself, efficiency is not enough to ensure managerial success. Managers must also strive for effectiveness, which is accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives.
Negotiator
Managers negotiate schedules, projects, resources, and employee raises
Describe the transition to management during the first year. Explain how this illustrates the chapter's emphasis on human skills as being more important than technical skills for success or failure in management.
Managers often begin their jobs by using more formal authority and emphasizing their role as boss in the management of tasks. New managers typically do not believe that their job is to manage people, other than handling the tasks of hiring and firing. However, most managers find that being a manager has little to do with "bossing" their subordinates. After six months on the job, many managers are surprised at the fast pace, the heavy workload, and that "helping" their subordinates was viewed as interference. In short, they come to realize that their initial expectations about managerial work were wrong. After a year on the job, most managers no longer think of themselves as doers, but as managers who get things done through others. In making the transition, they finally realize that people management is the most important part of their job. By the end of one year, most managers abandon their authoritarian approach for one based on communication, listening, and positive reinforcement. In completing this classic transition from "doer" to "manager," they stop trying to do everything themselves and emphasize getting work done through others. In this way, their previous satisfaction (as individual contributors) with the direct production of goods or services is replaced with the "thrill" of coaching and developing the people who work for them. As the basic activities occupying their time change, their need for technical skills lessens, while their need for human skills remains crucial to their success. In fact, five of the most important mistakes that managers make revolve around people skills rather than technical skills. These are: being abrasive and intimidating; being cold, aloof, or arrogant; betraying trust; being overly ambitious; and failing to build a team and then delegate to that team. Thus, human skills clearly are more important than technical skills for success or failure in management.
Figurehead
Managers perform ceremonial duties
Disturbance handler
Managers respond to pressures and problems that demand immediate attention and action
Team Leaders
Managers responsible for facilitating team activities toward goal accomplishment Help team members: Plan and schedule work Learn to solve problems Work effectively with each other
Kinds of Managers: Team Leaders
Managers responsible for facilitating team activities toward goal accomplishment Responsibilities: Facilitation, External Relationships, Internal Relationships Jobs: Team Leader, Team Contact, Group Facilitator
Monitor
Managers scan their environment for information
Spokesperson
Managers share information with people outside their departments or companies
Disseminator
Managers share the collected information with their subordinates and others in the company
First-Line Managers
Managers who train and supervise the performance of nonmanagerial employees who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services
Constructive Conflict and Coordination 3 ways of dealing with conflict
Mary Parker Follett
Which of the following management theorists helped develop human relations management?
Mary Parker Follett
believed that managers could best deal with conflict through integration; help develop human relations management; managers deal with conflict with domination, compromise or integration
Mary Parker Follett
Which of the following management theorists helped develop human relations management?
Mary Parker Follett.
____ was the management theorist who said, "As conflict is here in this world, as we cannot avoid it, we should, I think, use it to work for us. Instead of condemning it, we should set it to work for us."
Mary Parker Follett.
a hybrid organizational structure in which two or more forms of departmentalization, most often product and functional, are used together
Matrix Departmentalization
are smaller systems that operate within the context of a larger system.
Subsystems
Kraft Foods has created five global product divisions (beverages, snacks, cheese and dairy, convenience meals, and grocery) and two marketing divisions (one for North America and the other for everything else). According to the systems approach to management, these seven divisions are examples of ____.
Subsystems.
According to human relations management ____.
Success depends on treating workers well.
an early form of information management was used by...
Sumerians
occurs when 1+1=3; occurs when two or more subsystems working together can produce more than they can working apart
Synergy
____ occurs when 1 + 1 = 3.
Synergy.
is a set of interrelated elements or parts that function as a whole.
System
A(n) ____ is a set of interrelated elements or parts that function as a whole.
System.
encourages managers to complicate their thinking by looking for connections between the different parts of the organization; states that a closed system can function without interacting with its environment; forces managers to be aware of how the environment affects specific parts of the organization
Systems Approach to Management
According to the competing values framework, an organization is said to have a clan culture when it has a strong internal focus along with a high degree of flexibility and discretion.
T
Although an organizationʹs culture is generally stable, it will evolve in response to outside forces as well as deliberate attempts to change the design of the organization.
T
An adhocracy culture is often found in organizations that must make rapid changes in the ways they operate.
T
At the beginning of each academic year, a private college welcomes freshmen with a convocation at which faculty wear academic regalia. This traditional ceremony is viewed as a valuable way to transmit the collegeʹs culture to its newest members.
T
Divergent thinking involves taking new approaches to old problems.
T
Divergent thinking is the process of reframing familiar problems in unique ways. It can be promoted by asking people to think of new ways for doing common tasks.
T
Healthy organizational cultures tend to have very low turnover.
T
In researching possible employers, candidates should carefully examine the prevailing culture of each firm. This will help prevent them from selecting a position at a company with values vastly different from their own.
T
Innovation, the successful implementation of creative ideas within an organization, occurs gradually through a series of stages
T
It is not uncommon for subcultures to exist within a large organization. For example, employees within the IT department may have a subculture that differs from that in the marketing department.
T
One function of an organizationʹs culture is to clarify standards of acceptable and unacceptable behavior.
T
Organizations that consider their employees to be valuable only insofar as they contribute to production are considered to have a toxic culture. Good employees do not tend to remain in these organizations.
T
The dimensions of the Competing Values Framework are internal versus external focus, and flexibility/discretion versus stability/control.
T
To maximize creativity, it is recommended that people should work on several projects. If they work on just one project, they run the risk of getting stale
T
Which of the following is NOT an example of a commonly used operations management tool?
Target marketing.
the degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Task significance
1) Develop science for each element of a man's work. 2) Scientifically select then train/teach/develop the workman. 3) Coop to insure all work is done in accordance with the principles of science. 4) Equal division of work/responsibility between mgmt/workmen
Taylor's Four Management Principles
What companies look for in managers
Technical Skills- the specialized procedures, techniques, and knowledge required to get the job done. Human Skills- The ability to work well with others. Conceptual Skills- The ability to see the organization as a whole, understand how the different parts affect each other, and recognize how the company fits into or is affected by its environment. Motivation to Manage- An assessment of how enthusiastic employees are about managing the work of others.
Which type of skills are the most important to the success of lower-level managers?
Technical skills
Which type of skills tend to be most important to the success of lower-level managers?
Technical skills
_______ are essential for managers
Technical, human, and conceptual skills
More premature babies than ever before are surviving due to improvements in medical knowledge and care. This improved survival rate has been influenced by the ____ component of hospitals.
Technological.
_____ refers to the knowledge, tools, and methods used to transform inputs (raw materials, information, and so on) into outputs (products and services).
Technology
Which of the following is a part of the general environment of an organization?
Technology trends and Political Trends
an organization characterized by specialized jobs and responsibilities; precisely defined, unchanging roles; and a rigid chain of command based on centralized authority and vertical communication.
Mechanistic
In general, people will be indifferent to managerial directives or orders if they ____.
Meet all of the above qualifications.
electric shock
Milgram Experiment
Managers can use behavioral addition and behavioral substitution to ____.
Modify corporate culture.
Informational Roles
Monitor, Disseminator, Spokesperson
Controlling
Monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Breaking each task into its separate motions and then eliminating those that are unnecessary or repetitive.
Motion Study
allows each task or job to be broken down into separate motions. Once this is done, then unnecessary or repetitive motions can be eliminated.
Motion Study
Creating a competitive advantage through people relies heavily on the use of which skill to reward people for providing exceptional customer service?
Motivation to manage
Which skill is needed to get employees to participate in competitive situations?
Motivation to manage
According to Mintzberg, which role would a manager assume if she were trying to convince union members to accept a 25-cent-per-hour reduction in pay in order to keep the manufacturing plant open?
Negotiator
Is the goal of the bur. organization always morally right/same as society?
No!!!
Which of the following is an example of a closed system?
None of the above.
Which of the following approaches will guarantee the successful change of an organizational culture?
None of these.
informally agreed-on standards that regulate team behavior
Norms
Environmental complexity
Number and intensity of external factors in the environment that affect organizations
Groupthink
Occurs in highly cohesive groups where there is a great deal of pressure to agree with each other
Relative comparisons
One method of weighing decision criteria uses ___, which is a process where each decision is compared directly to every other criterion.
Unity of command
One of the key assumptions underlying the chain of command is ____which means that workers should report to just one supervisor.
Nearly all rganizations that interact with their environments and depend on them for survival should be viewed as ____.
Open Systems.
The Atlanta Hawks basketball team, Stanford University, the American Red Cross, and IBM are all examples of ____.
Open systems.
involves managing the daily production of goods and services; ex: capacity planning, linear planning, scheduling systems, and Gantt Charts; this management theory uses a quantitative approach to find ways to increase productivity, improve quality, and manage or reduce costly inventories.
Operations Management
In general, ____ uses a quantitative approach to find ways to increase productivity, improve quality, and manage or reduce costly inventories.
Operations Management.
Which of the following management theories uses a quantitative approach to find ways to increase productivity, improve quality, and manage or reduce costly inventories?
Operations management
_____ involves managing the daily production of goods and services.
Operations management
____ involves managing the daily production of goods and services.
Operations management.
A high degree of buyer or seller dependence can lead to ____ in which one party benefits at the expense of the other.
Opportunistic behavior.
Chester Barnard defined this as "a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more persons."
Organization
Chester Barnard defined a(n) ____ as "a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more persons."
Organization.
____ is the set of key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by members of an organization.
Organizational culture
Refer to Dofasco. The company's commitment to the triple bottom line and to keeping its employees happy is indicative of Dofasco's ____.
Organizational culture.
The ____ is the set of key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by members of an organization.
Organizational culture.
When Ivory started work at Henderson Textile Co., she was amazed at its employees who would take 30-minute restroom breaks, leave for the day at 2 p.m., and generally belittle the company's management. Such employees' actions most likely developed as a result of a faulty ____.
Organizational culture.
After an organization's founders are gone, the organization can use ____ to sustain its organizational culture.
Organizational heroes.
The Edmonton Oilers ice hockey team develops a sense of history for its current players by raising banners showing successful seasons (five Stanley Cups!) and the retired numbers of great players from the past in its stadium and locker room. What tactics for maintaining organizational culture are the Edmonton Oilers using?
Organizational stories and organizational heroes.
A business school administrator who is determining what classes will be offered in which rooms and who will teach each specific class is involved in which classical management function?
Organizing
Jane is in charge of her Rotary Club's annual fund-raising auction. She will decide who will ask local businesses for prizes, and she will determine the site, and she will decide who will sell tickets to customers, and who will work the night of the auction. She is engaged in the management function of:
Organizing
The function of _____ typically involves deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom in the company.
Organizing
____________ provides a system of checks and balances that limit employees' and mangers' opportunities to deviate from policies and strategies aimed at preventing unethical and illegal activities. a. Oversight b. Responsibility c. Ethical framework d. Corporate citizenship e. Corporate governance
Oversight
Organizational heroes
People admired for their qualities and achievements within an organization
After a year as a manager, new managers typically realize their job is
People management
Which of the following is a component of Coca-Cola's specific environment and will directly influence how it does business?
Pepsi-Cola
which of the following is a component of Coca-Cola's specific environment and will directly influence how it does business?
Pepsi-Cola
Which of the following is a component of Coca-Cola's specific environment and will directly influence how it does business?
Pepsi-Cola.
Rationalization leads to efficiency, coordination, and control over both _____ & ____
Physical and social environment
To achieve its goal of increased market share, Krispy Kreme launched a program in Palm Beach County, Florida, that awards grade-school students a free doughnut for every A on their report cards. Creating this program was primarily the function of which management function? Which management function was used to create this program?
Planning
_____ involves determining organizational goals and the means for achieving them.
Planning
Four Functions of Management
Planning Organizing Leading Controlling
Four Functions of Management
Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling
Which of the following is a part of the general environment of an organization?
Political Trends
Fear of a lawsuit prevents many employers from giving totally honest recommendations to former employees. This reflects a change in the ____ component of the general environment.
Political/legal.
was to scientifically select, train, teach, and develop workers to help them reach their full potential; work and responsibility for the work, should be divided equally between workers and management; thoroughly studying and testing different work methods to identify the best, most efficient way to complete a job.
Principles of Scientific Management
Two homebuilders are building homes in nearby subdivisions. One is offering 2,500-square-foot homes with two-acre yards. The other is offering a similar size of house with quarter-acre yards. The builder offering the smaller lots cannot keep up with demand. The builder offering the larger lots has several unsold houses. The builder with the smaller lots most likely used ____ to determine what home buyers desired.
Proactive customer monitoring.
_____refers to identifying and addressing customer needs, trends, and issues before they occur.
Proactive monitoring
Self-managed teams
Produce high productivity through increased employee commitment and creativity
Procter&Gamble has divisions for personal and beauty, house, baby, family etc. These divisions indicate that the company uses ____________ departmentalization.
Product
____ is a tactic in which an advocacy group actively tries to convince consumers not to purchase a company's product or service.
Product boycott.
Advocacy groups use a variety of tactics to convince businesses to comply with the group's stand on issues. Which of the following advocacy group tactics would be most likely to cause a business to fail?
Product boycotts.
Which of the following is NOT a potential legal risk associated with traditional managerial decisions like recruiting, hiring, and firing employees?
Product liability.
Which of the following is the LEAST aggressive approach likely to be used by an advocacy group?
Public Communications.
Advocacy Groups
Public communication Media advocacy Product boycott
According to the __________ companies go through long, simple periods of environmental stability, followed by short, complex periods of dynamic, fundamental environmental change, finishing with a return to environmental stability.
Punctuated equilibrium theory
According to the ____, companies go through long, simple periods of environmental stability, followed by short, complex periods of dynamic, fundamental environmental change, finishing with a return toenvironmental stability.
Punctuated equilibrium theory.
Prior to the development of scientific management principles, workers whose work pace was significantly faster than the normal pace in their work group and were often unpopular with their fellow workers.
Rate Busters
Environmental change
Rate at which a company's general and specific environments change
Prior to the development of scientific management principles, workers whose work pace was significantly faster than the normal pace in their work group were known as ____ and were often unpopular with their fellow workers.
Rate busters.
Dynamic environment
Rate of change is fast
Stable environment
Rate of change is slow
____ is used to refer to a company's practice of identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur.
Reactive customer monitoring
______________ is used to refer to a company's practice of identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur.
Reactive customer monitoring
Two homebuilders are building homes in nearby subdivisions. One is offering 2,500-square-foot homes with two-acre yards. The other is offering a similar size of house with quarter-acre yards. The builder offering the smaller lots cannot keep up with demand. The builder offering the larger lots has several unsold houses. The builder with the larger lots could use ____ to determine why his homes are not selling.
Reactive customer monitoring.
____ is used to refer to a company's practice of identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur.
Reactive customer monitoring.
Responses to demands for social responsibility
Reactive, defensive, accommodative, and proactive strategies
fundamental rethinking and radial redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical measures of performance such as cost, quality, service, and speed.
Reengingeering
Which of the following helps managers accurately analyze competition?
Refraining from underestimating the potential of competitors
Industry Regulation
Regulations and rules that govern the business practices and procedures
An emphasis on ____ is likely to decrease opportunistic behavior but will never completely eliminate it.
Relationship behavior.
____ is the degree to which an organization's external environment has an abundance or scarcity of critical organizational resources.
Resource scarcity
In a very strong economy, where the demand for qualified job applicants exceeds the supply, the environmental characteristic of ____ is likely to be particularly salient for many companies.
Resource scarcity.
____ is the degree to whic an organization's external environment has an abundance or scarcity of critical organizational resources.
Resource scarcity.
Top managers
Responsible for creating a positive organizational culture through language and action
Top management
Responsible for developing strategic plans that make clear how the company will serve customers and position itself against competitors in the next two to five years.
Kinds of Managers: Middle Managers
Responsible for setting objectives consistent with top management's goals and for planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these objectives Responsibilities: Resources, Objectives, Coordination, Subunit Performance, Strategy Implementation Jobs: General Manager, Plant Manager, Regional Manager, Divisional Manager
Competitive Advantage Through People: Self Managed Teams
Responsible for their own hiring, purchasing, job assignments, and production. Can often produce enormous increases in productivity through increase in employee commitment and creativity
____ is a primary source of organizational culture.
The Company's Founder
The Gantt chart is a chart that shows when and where tasks are need to be completed so that a job can be completed in a timely fashion
The Gantt chart is a chart that shows when and where tasks are need to be completed so that a job can be completed in a timely fashion
showed how group cohesiveness can influence work group performance, for better or worse; proved that financial incentives were not necessarily the most important motivator for workers.
The Hawthorne Studies
Delphi technique
The ___ is a decisional-making method in which a panel of experts responds to questions and to each other until an agreement is reached on how a specific issue should be handled.
Devils advocacy
The ____approach to decision-making is a method in which an individual or a subgroup is assigned the role of a critic.
Effectiveness
The accomplishment of tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives
Over the past 20 years, which of the following is an industry that has experienced both the stable and dynamic environments predicted by punctuated equilibrium theory?
The airline industry
Over the past 20 years, which of the following is an industry that has experienced both the stable and dynamic environments predicted by punctuated equilibrium theory?
The airline industry.
establishment of clear standards of performance
The basic control process of business begins with ____.
____ is a primary source of organizational culture.
The company's founder
____ is a primary source of organizational culture.
The company's founder.
an interlocking directorate
The concept of board members being linked to more than one company is known as _____.
accountability
The concept that refers to how closely workplace decisions align with a firm's stated strategic direction and its compliance with ethical and legal considerations is defined as _____.
According to ____, the most effective management theory or idea depends on the kinds of problems or situations that managers are facing at a particular time and place.
The contingency approach.
Entrepreneur Role
The decisional role that managers play when they adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to change
Resource Allocator Role
The decisional role that managers play when they decide who gets what resources and in what amounts
Negotiator
The decisional role that managers play when they negotiate schedules, projects, goals, outcomes, resources, and employee raises
Disturbance Handler Role
The decisional role that managers play when they respond to serve pressures and problems that demand immediate action
Which of the following statements is correct? a. Primary stakeholders do not typically engage in transactions with a company. b. Social responsibility is associated with decreased profits. c. The degree to which a firm understands and addresses stakeholder demands can be referred to as a stakeholder orientation. d. Secondary stakeholders are essential for a company's survival. e. Ethical issues are usually easy to detect and simple to fix.
The degree to which a firm understands and addresses stakeholder demands can be referred to as a stakeholder orientation.
Which of the following would be a part of an organization's general environment?
The economy in which it operates.
White Castle is a fast-food restaurant chain that is famous for its small, square hamburgers. Which of the following would be a component of its sociocultural environment?
The fact most consumers prefer eating out rather than at home.
Empowerment
The feeling of intrinsic motivation in which workers perceive their work to have meaning and perceive themselves to be competent, having an impact, and capable of self-determination.
Which of the following are significant steps necessary for a business to implement a program of social responsibility? a. The firm must develop and implement a program to reach its goal. b. The firm must create a code of conduct. c. The firm must advertise its social program. d. The firm must commit significant financial resources to the program.
The firm must develop and implement a program to reach its goal.
Which of the following statements about information management is true?
The first technologies to truly revolutionize the business use of information were paper and the printing press
Which of the following statements about information management is true?
The first technologies to truly revolutionize the business use of information were paper and the printing press.
External Environments
The forces and events outside a company that have the potential to influence or affect it.
List and briefly define the four functions of management.
The four functions of management are planning (determining organizational goals and the means for achieving them), organizing (deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom), leading (inspiring and motivating workers to work hard to achieve organizational goals), and controlling (monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed).
Economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic
The four levels of social responsibility are
economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic
The four levels of social responsibility are _____.
What are the four major responsibilities for the typical middle manager?
The four major responsibilities of middle managers are (1) setting objectives consistent with top management's goals and planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these objectives; (2) coordinating and linking groups, departments, and divisions within a company; (3) monitoring and managing the performance of subunits and individual managers who report to them; and (4) implementing the changes or strategies generated by top managers.
Among the four kinds of management jobs, list the one that is the most recent addition to organizations and describe the basic responsibilities of that management job.
The fourth kind of manager is a team leader. This is a relatively new kind of management job that developed as companies shifted to self-managing teams, which, by definition, have no formal supervisor. Team leaders are responsible for facilitating team performance (but the team itself is responsible for actual performance), managing external relationships, and facilitating internal team relationships.
Monitor Role
The informational role managers play when they scan their environment for information
Disseminator Role
The informational role managers play when they share information with others in their departments or companies
Spokesperson
The informational role managers play when they share information with people outside their departments or companies
Liaison Role
The interpersonal role managers play when they deal with people outside their units
Leader Role
The interpersonal role managers play when they motivate and encourage workers to accomplish organizational objectives
Figurehead Role
The interpersonal role managers play when they perform ceremonial duties
Maintain flexibility in planning
The last step in effective planning is to _____
Management
The right people, doing the right thing, at the right place, at the right time, the right way.
Compare and contrast the managerial roles of liaison, spokesperson, and negotiator. Explain both the similarities that link these roles behaviorally and the differences Mintzberg draws between them.
The roles of liaison, spokesperson, and negotiator are all subroles within Mintzberg's larger framework of three major roles fulfilled by managers while performing their jobs. The liaison is an interpersonal subrole, the spokesperson is an informational subrole, and the negotiator is a decisional subrole. From the behavioral point of view, each of these subroles is characterized by direct communication between the manager and other people. Specifically, in the liaison role, managers deal with people outside their units. For example, a production manager might meet with an engineering manager to develop solutions to problems. In the spokesperson role, managers share information with people outside their departments and companies. For example, a CEO might explain company performance to the board of directors. In the negotiator role, managers negotiate schedules, projects, goals, outcomes, resources, and employee raises, as, for example, in negotiating a union contract. Thus, there is considerable similarity and overlap in these roles from the perspective of the behavior of the manager. Mintzberg differentiates them in terms of their primary focus. In the case of behavior associated with the liaison role, the primary focus is on dealing with people outside of the managers' unit (as opposed to their own subordinates or bosses), thus the role is interpersonal in nature. In the case of the spokesperson, the primary focus is on the sharing of information with people outside their units or companies, thus the role is informational in nature. Finally, in the case of the negotiator, the primary focus is on making or influencing decisions in a manner that will benefit the company, thus the role is decisional in nature.
is founded on the goal of maximizing wealth for investors and owners
The shareholder model of corporate governance _____.
What indicates that a team is too small?
The team finds it difficult to come up with ideas or generate solutions to problems
Which of the following does a Gantt chart visually indicate?
The time in which each task should be completed for a project
In the context of corporate social responsibility, which of the following statements would Milton Friedman agree to?
The time, money, and attention diverted to social causes undermine market efficiency.
Which of the following is an important step in establishing an ethical climate in an organization?
The top managers behaving ethically
stakeholder interaction model
The two-way relationship between a firm and its stakeholders is conceptualized by the _____.
Stakeholder interaction model
The two-way relationship between a firm and its stakeholders is conceptualized by the:
Identify the four different kinds of managers and list one of the basic responsibilities for each of these different types of manager.
There are four different kinds of managers. TOP MANAGERS are responsible for creating a context for change, developing attitudes of commitment and ownership, creating a positive organizational culture through words and actions, and monitoring their company's business environments. MIDDLE MANAGERS are responsible for planning and allocating resources, coordinating and linking groups and departments, monitoring and managing the performance of subunits and managers, and implementing the changes or strategies generated by top managers. FIRST-LINE MANAGERS are responsible for managing the performance of nonmanagerial employees, teaching direct reports how to do their jobs, and making detailed schedules and operating plans based on middle management's intermediate-range plans. TEAM LEADERS are responsible for facilitating team performance, managing external relationships, and facilitating internal team relationships.
Which of the following is a characteristic of derailers?
They are abrasive and intimidating.
How does Weber use "Little men" to describe a bur?
They are like little men clinging to little jobs and striving toward bigger ones
According to Linda Hill's study, which of the following is typically an expectation that managers have during the initial stages of management?
They believe that they need to "be the boss"
Kodak makes both camera equipment and paper for printing pictures. Kodak would view the growing popularity of digital cameras as a(n) ____ in its external environment if it considered how digital cameras affect sales of cameras that use film. On the other hand, Kodak would view the growing popularity of digital cameras as a(n) ____ in its external environment if it considered the amount of Kodak processing paper used in printing pictures made by digital cameras.
Threat; opportunity.
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth Timing how long it takes good workers to complete each part of their jobs.
Time Study
A contractor was feeling defeated because the job he was working on was so far behind schedule. As he looked at the job site, he saw one worker moving bricks by carrying two at a time from where they were unloaded to where they were needed. He saw another climbing up a ladder with a few shingles, climbing back down to get more, and then repeating the process. ____ could be used to determine how the workers could perform their tasks more efficiently.
Time and motion studies.
Time Study
Timing how long it takes good workers to complete each part of their jobs
Ethical Responsibility
To abide by accepted principles of right and wrong when conducting business
Why dies he name ideal types?
To clearly understand our world
Which of the following is the goal of scientific management?
To find the one best way to perform each task
Which of the following is the goal of scientific management?
To find the one best way to perform each task.
Economic Responsibility
To make a profit by producing a valued product or service
Legal Responsibility
To obey society's laws and regulations
include quality control, forecasting techniques, capacity planning, productivity measurement and improvement, linear programming, scheduling systems, inventory systems, work measurement techniques, project management, and cost-benefit analysis.
Tools for Operations Management
It is typically the responsibility of _____ to develop employees' commitment to and ownership of the company's performance.
Top Managers
_____ are executives responsible for the overall direction of the organization.
Top Managers
____ are responsible for creating a positive organizational culture through language and action.
Top managers
are responsible for creating a positive organizational culture through language and action.
Top managers
Specify the differences in the timeframes involved in planning done by top, middle, and first-line managers.
Top managers typically create long-term plans, designed to produce results three to five years out. Middle managers are responsible for intermediate plans (six to eighteen months out). First-line supervisors engage in plans and actions that typically produce results within two weeks.
Kinds of Managers: First-line Managers
Train and supervise the performance of non-managerial employees who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services Responsibilities: Non-Managerial worker supervision, Teaching and Training, Scheduling, Facilitation Jobs: Office Manager, Shift Supervisor, Department Manager
First-Line Managers
Train and supervise the performance of nonmanagerial employees who are responsible for producing a company's goods and services Responsibilities - Monitoring, teaching, and short-term planning
A management study discovered that companies which invest in their people will create long-term competitive advantages difficult for other companies to duplicate
True
After the company founders are gone, stories and heroes can help to sustain the founder's values, attitudes, and beliefs in the organizational culture.
True
Because external environments can be dynamic, confusing, and complex, managers use a three-step process to make sense of the changes in their external environments. Those steps are (1) environmental scanning, (2) interpreting environmental factors, and (3) acting on threats and opportunities.
True
Cohesive groups have lower turnover.
True
Companies look for a total of four sets of skills in individuals to identify potential managers. These desired skills are technical skills, human skills, conceptual skills, and motivation to manage.
True
Managers can make sense of their changing external environments by completing all three of the following steps: environmental scanning, interpreting environmental factors, and acting on threats and opportunities.
True
Middle Managers are typically responsible for coordinating and linking groups, departments, and divisions within a company.
True
Steps 1 through 3 in stakeholder framework are geared toward generating information about social responsibility among a variety of influences in and around an organization. Step 4 brings these three stages together to arrive at an understanding of social responsibility that specifically matches the organization of interest. a. True b. False
True
Team leaders are responsible for managing both internal team relationships and external relationships with other teams, departments, and divisions in a company.
True
The two kinds of external organizational environments are the general environment and the specific environment.
True
Upper-level managers may actually spend more time dealing with people than lower-level managers.
True
False
True or False: Fortunately, social responsibility and ethics are completely interchangeable terms.
Synergy occurs when ____.
Two or more subsystems working together can produce more than they can working apart.
Which of the following statements about information management is true?
Two types of information technology are the cash register and the typewriter.
Middle managers
Typical responsibilities for _____include coordinating and linking groups, departments, and divisions within a company.
the (blank) determined that companies can be prosecuted and punished for the illegal or unethical actions of employees even if management didn't know about the unethical behavior.
U.S. Sentencing Commission Guidelines
the _____ determined that companies can be prosecuted and punished for the illegal or unethical actions of employees even if management didn't know about the behavior.
U.S. Sentencing Commission Guidelines
Environmental ___________ is affected by environmental complexity, change, and resources.
Uncertainty
Environmental ____ is affected by environmental complexity, change, and resources.
Uncertainty.
part of Fayol's 14 principle of management and says that each employee should report to and receive orders from just one boss
Unity of Command
According to Henri Fayol's fourteen principles of management, ____ requires that each employee should report to and receive orders from just one boss.
Unity of direction.
Which of the following is NOT part of the principles of scientific management?
Use group dynamics to ensure organizational goals are met.
After their first year of managerial experience, managers tend to:
Use more positive reinforcement
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth are important to management because they ____.
Used motion studies to eliminate unnecessary or repetitive motions from the work process.
Stakeholder framework
Utilizing a(n) _____ allows an organization to identify, monitor, and respond to the needs, values, and expectations of different stakeholder groups.
A mace is commonly used at a university or college convocation ceremony. The mace was originally a weapon, then became the symbol of government, and now has become the symbol of authority of the institution to grant diplomas or degrees. In terms of organizational culture, the mace is an example of a(n) ____.
Visible artifact.
Organizations use behavioral addition, behavioral substitution, and ____ to change their organizational culture.
Visible artifacts.
When Samsonite purchased American Tourister, one of the first things the new management did was to eliminate the gorilla (which had appeared in all American Tourister ads for years and which represented the quality construction of American Tourister luggage). The gorilla had been a symbol of quality and commitment for American Tourister employees. The executive order to remove the gorilla posters from the walls of offices and factories was one of the means Samsonite used to change the organizational culture at American Tourister. The gorilla posters were an example of ____.
Visible artifacts.
Hooters is a chain of more than 2,000 restaurants. Its employees cheerfully admit that the restaurants are "delightfully tacky, yet unrefined." The reason the company exists is apparent to all of its employees: its purpose is fun. The concept of making eating out consistently fun for men is an example of its ____.
Vision.
supported qualification-based hiring and merit-based promotion; people should lead by virtue of their rational-legal authority; those higher in the chain of command do have the right to give commands, take action, and make decisions concerning activities occurring anywhere below them in the chain; limitations: resistance of bureaucracies to change; also identified with the impartial application of rules and procedures that are recorded in writing and the use of professional managers.
Weber's Bureaucratic Management
Briefly explain how and why companies can create competitive advantage through people.
Well-managed companies are competitive because their work forces are smarter, better trained, more motivated, and more committed. Furthermore, companies that practice good management consistently have greater revenues and profits than companies that don't. Finally, good management matters because good management leads to satisfied employees who, in turn, provide better service to customers. Because employees tend to treat customers the same way that their managers treat them, good management can improve customer satisfaction.
Within the four sets of skills that companies look for in managers, specify those that tend to be more important or more prevalent in higher-level than lower-level managers.
When companies look for employees who would be good managers, they look for individuals who have TECHNICAL SKILLS (the ability to apply the specialized procedures, techniques, and knowledge required to get the job done), HUMAN SKILLS (the ability to work well with others), and CONCEPTUAL SKILLS (the ability to see the organization as whole, how the different parts of the company affect each other, and how the company fits into or is affected by its external environment), and are MOTIVATED TO MANAGE (an assessment of how enthusiastic employees are about managing the work of others). It is the latter two characteristics that tend to be stronger in higher-level managers. Conceptual skills increase in importance as managers rise through the management hierarchy. In addition, managers at higher levels usually have stronger motivation to manage than managers at lower levels.
List and briefly describe the four kinds of skills that companies look for in managers.
When companies look for employees who would be good managers, they look for individuals who have technical skills, human skills, and conceptual skills, and are motivated to manage. Technical skills refer to the ability to apply the specialized procedures, techniques, and knowledge required to get the job done. Human skills are the ability to work well with others. Conceptual skills are the ability to see the organization as a whole, how the different parts of the company affect each other, and how the company fits into or is affected by its external environment. Motivation to manage is an assessment of how enthusiastic employees are about managing the work of others.
Which of the following statements about ethics is true?
When people believe their work environment is ethical, they are six times more likely to stay with that company.
Soldiering
When workers deliberately slow their pace or restrict their work outputs
Descriptive approach
Which approach to stakeholder theory focuses on the actual behavior of the firm and usually addresses how decisions and strategies are made for stakeholder relationships.
(d) Descriptive approach
Which approach to stakeholder theory focuses on the actual behavior of the firm and usually addresses how decisions and strategies are made for stakeholder relationships.? (a) Instrumental approach (b) Normative approach (c) Strategic decision making approach (d) Descriptive approach (e) Control approach
The media
Which of the following is NOT a primary stakeholder group?
(d) the Media
Which of the following is NOT a primary stakeholder group? (a) shareholders (b) customers (c) employees (d) the Media (e) investors
Employees
Which of the following is NOT a secondary stakeholder group?
(c) employees
Which of the following is NOT a secondary stakeholder group? (a) magazines (b) television news reporters (c) employees (d) special interest groups (e) trade associations
The degree to which a firm understands and addresses stakeholder demands can be referred to as a stakeholder orientation
Which of the following statements is correct?
(d) The degree to which a firm understands and addresses stakeholder demands can be referred to as a stakeholder orientation.
Which of the following statements is correct? (a) Secondary stakeholders are essential for a company's survival. (b) Social responsibility is associated with decreased profits. (c) Ethical issues are usually easy to detect and simple to fix. (d) The degree to which a firm understands and addresses stakeholder demands can be referred to as a stakeholder orientation. (e) Primary stakeholders do not typically engage in transactions with a company.
Identifying stakeholder groups
Which of these represent the second step in stakeholder framework to manage responsibility and business ethics?
Changes in any sector of the general environment ____.
Will eventually affect most organizations.
Women hold 14.7% of board seats at Fortune 500 companies; women of color hold 3.4%. For each $1 earned by men, women earn 81 cents; Hispanics are 14.9% of the workforce and hold 5% of managerial jobs.
Women are 52% of the U.S. workforce and hold 50.3% of managerial jobs. African-Americans are 11.1% of the workforce and hold 5.4% of managerial jobs. African-American women earn 64 cents; Hispanic women earn 52 cents.
Which of the following was demonstrated by the Hawthorne Studies?
Workers were not just extension of machines
Which of the following was demonstrated by the Hawthorne Studies?
Workers were not just extension of machines.
Can bur. make immoral decisions even though the individuals in the business are moral?
YESS
Chester Barnard said that this appears when the acceptance of managerial authority is automatic
Zone of Indifference
Feedfoward
___ control is a method of gathering information about performance deficiencies before they occur
Customer defection
___ is a performance assessment in which companies identify which customers are leaving and the rate at which customers are leaving
Goal-setting theory
___ says that people will be motivated to the extent to which they accept specific, challenging goals and receive feedback that indicates their progress toward goal achievement.
Intrinsic rewards
____ are the rewards associated with performing a task or activity for its own sake.
Transformational leadership
____ generates awareness and acceptance of a group's purpose and mission and gets employees to see beyond their own needs and self-interest for the good of the group.
Disparate treatment
____ is intentional discrimination that occurs when people are purposefully not given the same hiring, promotion, or membership opportunities because of their race, sex, age, ethnic group, national origin, or religious beliefs.
Quid pro quo sexual harassment
____ is the form of sexual harassment in which employment outcomes such as hiring, promotion, or simply keeping one's job depend on whether an individual submits to sexual harassment.
Dysfunctional turnover
____ is the loss of high-performing employees who voluntarily choose to leave a company.
Control
____ is the regulatory process of establishing standards that will achieve organizational goals, comparing actual performance to those standards, and then, if necessary, taking corrective action to restore performance to those standards.
Adverse impact
____ is unintentional discrimination in which there is a substantially different rate of selection in hiring, promotion, or other employment decisions that works to the disadvantage of members of a particular race, sex, age, ethnicity, or protected group.
Stakeholders
_____ are groups or individuals who have a claim in some aspect of a company's products, operations, markets, industry, and outcomes.
Background checks
_____ are procedures used to verify the truthfulness and accuracy of information that applicants provide about themselves and to uncover negative, job-related background information not provided by applicants.
Oversight
___________ provides a system of checks and balances that limit employees' and mangers' opportunities to deviate from policies and strategies aimed at preventing unethical and illegal activities.
Behavioral observation scales
______ask raters to rate the frequency with which workers perform specific behaviors representative of the job dimensions that are critical to successful job performance.
Visionary leadership
______is leadership that creates a positive image of the future that motivates organizational members and provides direction for future planning and goal setting.
Reinforcement
_____is the process of changing behavior by changing the consequences that follow behavior.
Training
_____means providing opportunities for employees to develop the job-specific skills, experience, and knowledge they need to do their jobs or improve their performance.
After declaring bankruptcy in 2003, Interstate Bakeries, the makers of Twinkies, Ho Hos, and DingDong snack cakes, decided to modernize its products' look by redesigning its packaging. __________ would be responsible for implementing this package change. a.middle mgmt b.First-line mgmt c.Team leaders d.Product supervisors e.Top management
a
Groupthink
a barrier to good decision making caused by pressure within a group for members to agree with each other
Groupthink
a barrier to good decision making caused by pressure within the group for members to agree with each other.
what is social responsibilty?
a business' obligation to pursue policies, make decision, and take actions that benefit society
Social Responsibility
a business's obligation to pursue policies, make decisions, and take actions that benefit society
what is the gantt chart?
a chart that shows when and where tasks need to be completed so that a job can be completed in a timely fashion
Ethical responsibility
a company's social responsibility not to violate accepted principles of right and wrong when conducting its business
Economic responsibility
a company's social responsibility to make a profit by producing a valued product or service
Legal responsibility
a company's social responsibility to obey society's laws and regulations
Social Responsivess
a company's strategy to respond to stakeholders' economic, legal, ethical or discretionary expectations concerning social responsibility
Slack resources
a cushion of extra resources that can be used with options-based planning to adapt to unanticipated changes, problems, or opportunities.
Devil's advocacy
a decision-making method in which an individual or a subgroup is assigned the role of critic.
Dialectical inquiry
a decision-making method in which decision makers state the assumptions of a proposed solution (a thesis) and generate a solution that is the opposite (antithesis) of that solution.
Brainstorming
a decision-making method in which group members build on each others' ideas to generate as many alternative solutions as possible.
Electronic brainstorming
a decision-making method in which group members use computers to build on each others' ideas and generate as many alternative solutions as possible.
Delphi technique
a decision-making method in which members of a panel of experts respond to questions and to each other until reaching agreement on an issue.
Nominal group technique
a decision-making method that begins and ends by having group members quietly write down and evaluate ideas to be shared with the group.
Production blocking
a disadvantage of face-to-face brainstorming in which a group members must wait to share an idea because another member is presenting an idea.
Problem
a gap between a desired state and an existing state.
Gantt chart
a graphical chart that shows which tasks must be completed at which times in order to complete a project or task
rate buster
a group member whose work pace is significantly faster than the normal pace in his or her group
Strategic objective
a more specific goal that unifies company-wide efforts, stretches and challenges the organization, and possesses a finish line and a time frame.
Action Plan
a plan that lists the specific steps, people, resources, and time period needed to attain a goal
Action plan
a plan that lists the specific steps, people, resources, and time period needed to attain a goal.
Relative comparisons
a process in which each decision criterion is compared directly with every other criterion.
Absolute comparisons
a process in which each decision criterion is compared to a standard or ranked on its own merits.
Competitive analysis
a process of monitoring the competition that involves identifying competition, anticipating their moves, and determining their strengths and weaknesses
what is the tendency to overestimate our value by attributing successes to ourselves(internal causes) and attributing failures to others or the environment(external causes)
a self-serving bias
System
a set of interrelated elements or parts that function as a whole
Accommodative strategy
a social responsiveness strategy in which a company accepts responsibility for a problem and does all that society expects to solve that problem
Defensive strategy
a social responsiveness strategy in which a company admits responsibility for a problem but does the least required to meet societal expectations
Proactive strategy
a social responsiveness strategy in which a company anticipates a problem before it occurs and does more than society experts to take responsibility for and address the problem
Reaction Strategy
a social responsiveness strategy in which a company does less than society expects
Purpose statement
a statement of a company's purpose or reason for existing.
Organization
a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces created by two or more people
Rational Decision Making
a systematic process of defining problems, evaluating alternatives, and choosing optimal solutions
Rational decision making
a systematic process of defining problems, evaluating alternatives, and choosing optimal solutions.
Punctuated Equilibrium Theory
a theory according to which companies go through long, simple periods of stability, followed by short periods of dynamic, fundamental change, and ending with a return to stability
Stakeholder model
a theory of corporate responsibility that holds that management's most important responsibility, long-term survival, is achieved by satisfying the interests of multiple corporate stakeholders
Which of the following companies is most likely operating in a dynamic environment?
a video game manufacturer
which of the following companies is most likely operating in a dynamic environment?
a video game manufacturer
Shareholder model
a view of social responsibility that holds that an organization's overriding goal should be profit maximization for the benefit of shareholders
Shareholder Model
a view of social responsibility that holds that an organization's overriding goal should be to maximize profit for the benefit of shareholders
Overt integrity test
a written test that estimates job applicant's honestly by directly asking them what they think or feel about theft or about punishment of unethical behaviors
Personality-based integrity test
a written test that indirectly estimates job applicant's honestly by measuring psychological traits, such as dependability and conscientiousness
Which of the following is a component of Coca-Cola's specific environment and will directly influence how it does business? a. Pepsi-Cola b. laws concerning sanitation c. inflation d. the increased popularity of energy drinks e. the development of vending machines that accept debit cards
a. Pepsi-Cola Pepsi is a direct competitor and thus a component of Coke's specific environment.
Doug has a low-paying job at a telecommunications company. Every day, Doug puts a headset, a stapler, or something similar in his lunch box and takes it home with him. Doug sees nothing wrong with his behavior since he feels he is being paid less than he should. In terms of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, which level is Doug operating at? a. Preconventional b. Internalization c. Postconventional d. Universal e. Conventional
a. Preconventional
____ is a primary source of organizational culture. a. The company's founder b. The organization's competitive strategy c. The industry in which the organization operates d. Suppliers e. Customers
a. The company's founder Company founders (such as Sam Walton of Wal-Mart) exert a primary influence on the development of an organization's culture.
Which of the following statements is true regarding encouraging ethical behavior? a. The government can encourage ethical behavior in business by enacting more stringent regulations such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. b. Whistle-blowing creates ethical problems as employees are afraid to act for fear that they may be reported for something another employee perceives to be unethical even though it is well within the company's legal requirements. c. Trade associations rarely provide ethical guidelines for their members or exert pressure on members to stop engaging in questionable business practices because their role is to encourage employment of their members—not tell them how to act when working for their employers. d. Individual companies write codes of conduct that cover every aspect of ethical behavior on the job through broadly applied principles.
a. The government can encourage ethical behavior in business by enacting more stringent regulations such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Probability of effect is the chance that something will happen and then result in harm to others. a. True b. False
a. True
The concept of magnitude of consequences is the total harm or benefit derived from an ethical decision. a. True b. False
a. True
Which of the following companies is most likely operating in a dynamic environment? a. a video game manufacturer b. a bakery c. a brewery, winery, or distillery in the liquor industry d. a manufacturer of pet food e. a cereal manufacturer
a. a video game manufacturer A dynamic environment is one in which the rate of change is fast. A video game maker faces short product life cycles and rapid changes in technology.
According to a book by a Harvard Business School professor, some organizational cultures simply cannot meet the challenges posed by innovation and must respond to threats from new technologies by building outside ventures. Digital Equipment is described as having one of those organizational cultures. The company squandered the opportunities presented by the PC revolution even though it was well equipped to build cheap PCs. The company did not have ____. a. adaptability b. synergy c. a formula for success laddering d. knowledge management e. comprehension
a. adaptability Adaptability is the ability to notice and respond to changes in organizational environment. Digital Equipment failed to recognize the shift from mainframes to PCs.
Small manufacturers are successful often because Wal-Mart agrees to carry their products. If Wal-Mart does not like a price increase, it often will refuse to do business with the manufacturer. At this point, many small manufacturers will offer price reductions because they fear failure if they lose the Wal-Mart account. The relationship between these small manufacturers and Wal-Mart can be described as ____. a. buyer dependent b. relationship-based c. transformational d. supplier dependent e. none of these
a. buyer dependent A high degree of buyer or seller dependence can lead to opportunistic behavior by one party at the expense of the other.
Refer to Krispy Kreme. As the CEO of Krispy Kreme, Rudolph would have been responsible for:
a. developing employees' commitment to the company b. creating a positive organizational culture c. monitoring the business' environment d. creating a context for change e. doing all of these things
Companies doing a competitive analysis typically err by ____. a. doing an incomplete job of identifying competitors b. overestimating their competition c. ignoring proactive monitoring d. relying on competitive intelligence e. doing all of these
a. doing an incomplete job of identifying competitors Managers tend to focus on two or three well-known competitors and may overlook less visible/familiar competitors.
The first step managers use to make sense of their changing environments is ____. a. environmental scanning b. perceptual re-engagement c. modifying budgets d. downsizing e. benchmarking
a. environmental scanning Environmental scanning precedes action steps such as downsizing, modifying budgets, or benchmarking. Perceptual re-engagement is a red herring.
What are the two types of external organizational environments? a. general and the specific b. public and private c. global and the national d. organizational and the interpersonal e. market-specific and the product-specific
a. general and the specific
The creation of Ingram Distribution allows booksellers to streamline the ordering and return procedures of their books. Ingram made all the books bookstore owners wanted available in one centralized warehouse. Many new bookstore owners would be unwilling and/or unable to return to the method of ordering books from the individual publishers. This is an example of the creation of ____. a. high buyer dependence on a supplier b. pure competition c. transactional freedom d. high supplier dependence on a buyer e. none of these
a. high buyer dependence on a supplier A high degree of buyer or seller dependence can lead to opportunistic behavior by one party at the expense of the other.
Typically the most important factor in the relationship between companies and their suppliers is ____. a. how dependent they are on each other b. how much they know about each other c. how compatible their organizational cultures are d. the type of product being manufactured e. all of these
a. how dependent they are on each other A high degree of buyer or seller dependence can lead to opportunistic behavior by one party at the expense of the other.
Refer to Amazon.com. As CEO of Amazon, Jeff Bezos:
a. is responsible for developing employees' commitment to the company's performance
Which of the following is a component of the specific environment that would directly influence a restaurant's day-to-day operation? a. its regular customers b. GNP c. a trend toward eating less fat d. more rigid enforcement of OSHA laws e. all of these
a. its regular customers Customers are a major component of a firm's specific environment. All of the other items would exert an indirect influence as part of the firm's general environment.
Technology is the ____ used to transform inputs (raw materials, information, etc.) into outputs (products or services). a. knowledge, tools, and techniques b. knowledge and machinery c. plans and machinery d. tools and techniques e. strategy and tactics
a. knowledge, tools, and techniques
Middle managers typically:
a. plan and allocate resources b. coordinate and link groups and departments c. implement changes and strategies generated by top managers d. monitor the activities of first-line managers who report to them e. do all of these
According to Kohlberg's model of moral development, people at the _____ make decisions that are based on selfish reasons. a. preconventional level b. postconventional level c. amoral level d. conventional level e. unconventional level
a. preconventional level
Groups such as shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, governments, and local communities are examples of _____ stakeholders. a. primary b. conventional c. secondary d. proactive e. functional
a. primary
Which of the following is the LEAST aggressive approach likely to be used by an advocacy group? a. public communications b. media advocacy c. product boycotts d. class action lawsuits e. picketing
a. public communications
Which of the following management practices can be used by an organization that wants to create a competitive advantage through its employees?
a. self-managed teams b. employment security c. high wages contingent on organizational performance d. sharing information e. all of these
More premature babies than ever before are surviving due to improvements in medical knowledge and care. This improved survival rate can be attributed to the ____ component of hospitals. a. technological b. socio-cultural c. economic d. political/legal e. demographic
a. technological
Environmental ____ is affected by environmental complexity, change, and resources. a. uncertainty b. differentiation c. difficulty d. essence e. entrepreneurship
a. uncertainty Environmental uncertainty is defined as the extent to which managers can understand or predict which environmental changes will affect their businesses. Complexity and change make it more difficult for managers to achieve such understanding or make sound forecasts.
When Samsonite purchased American Tourister, one of the first things the new management did was to eliminate the American Tourister Gorilla mascot (which had appeared in all American Tourister ads for years and which represented the quality construction of American Tourister luggage). The gorilla had been a symbol of quality and commitment for American Tourister employees. The executive order to remove the gorilla posters from the walls of offices and factories was one of the means Samsonite used to change the organizational culture at American Tourister. The gorilla posters were an example of ____. a. visible artifacts b. iconic representations c. organizational metaphors d. organizational allegories e. imbued technology
a. visible artifacts Visible artifacts are signs of an organization's culture.
Effectiveness
accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives
which of the following approaches to implementing Fiedler's contingency theory in the workplace has proven effective?
accurately measuring and matching leaders to situations
which of the following is NOT one of the 4 leadership styles identified in Hershey & Blanchard's Situational Leadership Model?
achievement-oriented
The last step in the basic model of ethical decision making is to _____.
act on the situation
Henri Fayol is responsible for developing
administrative management
Social Consensus
agreement on whether behavior is good or bad
Which of the following management practices can be used by an organization that wants to create a competitive advantage through its employees?
all of these : Self managed teams, employment security, high wages contingent on organizational performance, sharing information
Which of the following is a viable strategy for changing organizational culture?
all of these : allow employees to personalize their offices, uses behavioral substitution and behavioral addition, select job applicants with appropriate values and beliefs, eliminate the company dress code.
Milsand Corp. used office cubicles for its employees. Employees were not allowed to personalize their cubicles. If Milsand wanted to change its organizational culture, it could begin by ____.
allowing employees to personalize their cubicles
Benchmarking
allows a trucking company not only to compare its safety performance with other companies but to also adopt those practices found to be superior.
Compromise
an approach to dealing with conflict in which both parties give up some of what they want in order to reach agreement on a plan to reduce or settle the conflict
Integrative conflict resolution
an approach to dealing with conflict in which both parties indicate their preferences and then work together to find an alternative that meets the needs of both
Domination
an approach to dealing with conflict in which one party satisfies its desires and objectives at the expense of the other party's desires and objectives
Principle of personal virture
an ethical principle that hold that you should never do anything that is not honest, open, and truthful and that you would not be glad to see reported in the newspapers or on TV
Principle of utilitarian benefits
an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that does not result in greater good for society
Principle of Distributive Justice
an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that harms the least fortunate among us: the poor, the uneducated, the unemployed
Principle of distributive justice
an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that harms the least fortunate among us: the poor, the uneducated, the unemployed
Principle of individual rights
an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that infringes in others' agreed-upon rights
Principle of long-term self-interest
an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that is not in your or your organization's long-term self-interest
Principle of religious injunctions
an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that is not kind and that does not build a sense of community
Principle of government requirements
an ethical principle that holds that you should never take any action that violates the law, for the law represents the minimal moral standard
the steps in the basic perception process include all of the following EXCEPT what?
analysis
Primary Stakeholder
any group on which an organization relies for its long-term survival
Secondary stakeholder
any group that can influence or be influenced by a company and can affect public perceptions about the company's socially responsible behavior
the first selection device most job applicants encounter when they seek a job are what?
application forms and resumes
successful business leaders are not like other people. Successful business leaders are what?
are accurately described by all of these
in general, people will be indifferent to managerial directives or orders if they what?
are understood, are consistent w/the purpose of the organization, can actually be carried out by those people, are compatible w/the people's peronsal interests
managers often prefer to use business confidence indices to do what?
as predictors of future economic activity when making business decisions
n the __________ role, managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to change. a.resource allocator b.entrepreneur c.disturbance handler d.liaison e.disseminator
b
Programs to reduce sexual harassment and abusive behavior in the workplace have been on the rise in recent years. Which of the following is true of workplace bullying? a. An employer can be liable for bullying regardless of the source of the bullying. b. Bullying in the workplace is repeated work sabotage; verbal abuse; and/or abusive conduct that is threatening, humiliating, or intimidating. c. According to one survey, 73 percent of respondents have suffered abusive conduct at work with 57 percent saying they had witnessed it in the workplace. d. Bullying rarely leads to mental health issues.
b. Bullying in the workplace is repeated work sabotage; verbal abuse; and/or abusive conduct that is threatening, humiliating, or intimidating.
_____ responsibility means making a profit by producing a product valued by society. a. Discretionary b. Economic c. Ethical d. Legal e. Fiscal
b. Economic
Ethical problems can have an extremely detrimental effect on relationships among co-workers. Which of the following would NOT be an ethical problem created by employee relationships? a. Not giving credit to others for their ideas or work and not meeting one's commitments in a mutual agreement. b. Investors expecting a return on their investment regardless of the cost. c. Accountants employed by the company failing to report income and expenses properly. d. CEOs who sit on the board of directors of the company that evaluates his or her performance.
b. Investors expecting a return on their investment regardless of the cost.
One of the difficulties encountered in recent mergers has been the inability of employees in the two existing organizational cultures to operate harmoniously. In other words, merging organizational cultures often lack the ____ that would increase the likelihood of a merger's success. a. responsiveness b. adaptability c. involvement d. consistency e. validity
b. adaptability Adaptability is the ability to notice and respond to changes in the environment. Merging changes the internal environment of the merged organizations.
Managers often prefer to use business confidence indices ____. a. to identify socio-cultural trends b. as predictors of future economic activity when making business decisions c. which are based on intuition and experience d. to encourage customers to make long-term buying decisions e. to improve consumer confidence forecasts
b. as predictors of future economic activity when making business decision Economic statistics tend to be poor predictors of future business activity. Confidence indexes measure manager sentiment, which may yield a stronger prediction of near-term economic activity.
When using ____techniques to change organizational culture, the key to success is to choose behaviors that are central to and symbolic of the old culture that is changing and the new culture you want to create. a. attitudinal motivation and conditioned learning b. behavioral substitution and behavioral addition c. conditioned and classical learning d. negative and positive reinforcements e. organizational stories and heroes
b. behavioral substitution and behavioral addition Behavioral substitution is replacing old behaviors with new behaviors in support of the change effort. Behavioral addition is adding new behaviors that support the change.
An increase in ____ can lead to opportunistic behavior in which one party benefits at the expense of the other. a. managerial commitment b. buyer dependence c. industry regulation d. advocacy group activities e. consumer confidence indicators
b. buyer dependence
Which of the following is NOT a dimension of the political/legal component of the general environment that governs and regulates business behavior? a. legislation b. competitive products c. court decisions d. regulation e. customer-initiated lawsuits
b. competitive products The political/legal component includes legislation, regulation, and court decisions that govern and regulate business behavior.
A company using a(n) _____ strategy would admit responsibility for a problem but would do the least required to meet societal expectations. a. accommodative b. defensive c. communicative d. reactive e. proactive
b. defensive
A manager striving to improve organizational ____ is accomplishing tasks that help fullfill organizational objectives a. efficiency b. effectiveness c. functionality d. synergy e. productivity
b. effectiveness
one of the reasons for the slow responce to help the victims of Hur Katrina was an antiquated FEMA system that was bogged down in red tape. In other words, the failure of assistance to arrive in a timely fashion was due to lack of: a. apathy b. efficiency c. instrumentality d. effectiveness e. the absence of entropy
b. efficiency
All events outside a company that have the potential to influence or affect it occur in the ____ environment. a. specific b. external c. formal d. potential e. national
b. external
The term ____ refers to the events and trends inside an organization that affect management, employees, and the organizational culture. a. managerial environment b. internal environment c. industry environment d. general environment e. organizational structure
b. internal environment
A fast-food restaurant chain is famous for its small, square hamburgers. Which of the following would be an industry regulation component of its specific environment? a. an increase in the prime lending rate b. local health inspectors c. class-action suits against all fast-food restaurants d. inflation e. all of these
b. local health inspectors Industry regulations and rules govern the business practices and procedures of specific industries, businesses, and professions. The restaurant industry is regulated by local health inspectors.
when ruth was hired to be the 2nd in command in mailing services, she was told her job was to deal w/the employees to make sure they got the task done right. she was not instructed how to run machines bc hers was a job in: a. marketing. b.managment c. strategizing d. cust service e. relationship control
b. management
After an organization's founders are gone, the organization can use ____ to sustain its organizational culture. a. industry associations b. organizational heroes c. organizational structure d. organizational maps e. reciprocal formalization
b. organizational heroes Organizational stories and heroes are two means of perpetuating an organizational culture after a founder retires, dies, or chooses to leave the organization
A business school administrator who is determining what classes will be offered in which rooms andwho will teach each specific class is involved in which classical management function? a.making things happen b.organizing c.controlling d.motivating e.leading
b. organizing
The two general categories of stakeholders are _____ stakeholders. a. relevant and irrelevant b. primary and secondary c. business and nonbusiness d. pioneering and selective e. reactive and proactive
b. primary and secondary
Two homebuilders are building homes in nearby subdivisions. One is offering 2,500-square-foot homes with two-acre yards. The other is offering a similar size of house with quarter-acre yards. The builder offering the smaller lots cannot keep up with demand. The builder offering the larger lots has several unsold houses. The builder with the smaller lots most likely used ____ to determine what homebuyers desired. a. reactive customer monitoring b. proactive customer monitoring c. competitive analysis d. environmental munificence e. consumer confidence forecasts
b. proactive customer monitoring
Advocacy groups use a variety of tactics to convince businesses to comply with the group's stand on issues. Which of the following advocacy group tactics would be most likely to cause a business to fail? a. media advocacy b. product boycotts c. public communications d. requiring a business license e. lobbying
b. product boycotts Product boycotts are the most aggressive public advocacy tactic, as they may directly impact a company's potential to profit and grow.
According to the _____ model, the only social responsibility that businesses have is to maximize profits. a. stakeholder b. shareholder c. accounting d. economic e. fiscal
b. shareholder
In terms of environmental complexity, ____ environments have few environmental factors, whereas ____ environments have many environmental factors. a. non-competitive; competitive b. simple; complex c. stable; dynamic d. scarce; abundant e. market-oriented; product-oriented
b. simple; complex
Tourism was not the only travel-associated industry that was visibly hurt by what happened on 9/11. People decided to vacation at home and sales of luggage and similar travel gear decreased significantly. Sales of home swimming pools increased. This decision to stay at home reflects a change in attitudes toward the perceived safety of long-distance traveling. This is an example of a change in the ____ component of the general environment. a. technological b. socio-cultural c. economic d. competitive e. geographic
b. socio-cultural
Which of these factors is taken into account while determining ethical intensity? a. intent of the manager b. temporal immediacy c. competition perception d. peer acceptance e. probability of synergy
b. temporal immediacy
Organizations use behavioral addition, behavioral substitution, and ____ to change their organizational culture. a. media advocacy b. visible artifacts c. psychological counseling d. affective stores e. incremental valences
b. visible artifacts Visible artifacts are signs of an organization's culture (e.g., company dress code). Changes in artifacts may be made in order to support the change process.
a study in the construction industry found when equipment is stolen from building sites, workers are the culprits 82% of the time. Which type of selection information would help employers receive the greatest benefit from if their goal was to stop employee theft?
background checks
Clorox corporation controls 60% of the bleach market. Imagine you are an entrepreneur who was considering developing and marketing a new brand of bleach. Which of Michael Porter's industry forces should you be most concerned about?
bargaining power of buyers
according to Michael Porter, five industry forces determine an industry's overall attractiveness and potential for long-term profitability. Which of the following is one of those forces porter identified?
bargaining power of suppliers
why is it often difficult for an employee to assume the role of whistleblower?
because employees fear that they will be punished
reinforcement theory
behavior is a function of its consequences, that behaviors followed by positive consequences will occur more frequently and behavior will have negative consequences or not followed by positive consequences, will occur less frequently
Ethical Behavior
behavior the conforms to a society's accepted principles of right and wrong
_____ is the process of having managers and employees perform new behaviors that are central to and symbolic of the new organizational culture a company wants to creat
behavioral addition
In order to change an organizational culture, top management can persuade other managers and employees to perform a new behavior in place of an older one. This technique is called ____.
behavioral substitution
in order to change an organizational culture, top management can persuade other managers and employees to perform a new behavior in place of an older one. This technique is called_____ .
behavioral substitution
When using ___________ techniques to change organizational culture, the key to success is to choose behaviors that are central to and symbolic of the old culture that is changing and the new culture you want to create.
behavioral substitution and behavioral addition
the fact that a 98-pound job candidate is not hired as a dock worker to move 60-pound boxes of produce is legal as a result of what?
bona fide occupational qualifications (BFOQs)
With integrative conflict resolution, _____.
both parties work together to create an alternative solution that includes shared preferences
Motion Study
breaking each task or job into its separate motions and then eliminating those that are unnecessary or repetitive
what is social responsibility?
business' obligation to pursue policies, make decisions, and take actions that benefit society
Wal-Mart can be described as
buyer dependent
A middle manager for a manufacturer of environmentally friendly packaging would: a.monitor how consumers feel about environmental waste b.schedule vacation time for employees c.determine how the company was going to implement a plan calling for a 10 percent de-crease in costs d.be responsible for maintaining a positive organizational culture e.do all of these
c
In March 2005, Spiegel announced to the media that it was nearing the completion of its corporate re-structuring and was one step closer to emerging from Chapter 11 status after filing its proposed joint plan of reorganization. According to Mintzberg, which managerial role would have been adopted inorder to make this announcement to the media? a.environmental b.controller c.spokesperson d.entrepreneur e. interpersonal
c
Jimmy Wales is the CEO of Wikipedia, a user-generated encyclopedia 42 times the size of Encyclope-dia Britannica . At the inception of the online project, Wales had to assume the decisional role of _____ as he dealt with critics of the project who contended that allowing anyone to enter data into theencyclopedia would lead to inconsistencies and misinformation. a.resource allocator b.entrepreneur c.disturbance handler d.liaison e.disseminator
c
Southern Living magazine was forced to pull its April 2004 issue off newsstands and mail warnings to2.5 million subscribers after it became clear that a recipe for dinner rolls described as "little pillowsfrom heaven" created a rather impressive firestorm. The management function of _____ was usedwhen the warnings were mailed to subscribers. a.planning b. organizing c. controlling d. motivating e. leading
c
Which of the following statements about corporate cultures is true? a. Corporate cultures are dynamic creations that respond positively to change. b. Corporate culture are unaffected by changes in perks, office layouts, or work relationships. c. Corporate cultures are very difficult to change. d. Any manager who wants to modify a corporate culture must follow the cultural change plan, which begins with employee input and ends with behavioral addition and/or substitution. e. Corporate culture change is significantly easier with behavioral addition than with behavioral subtraction.
c. Corporate cultures are very difficult to change Corporate cultures are dynamic, composed of both visible artifacts and behavioral routines, and complex. Therefore, they resist simple rule-of-thumb interventions and are notoriously difficult to change.
____ is used to refer to a company's practice of identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur. a. Consumer confidence forecasts b. Competitive analysis c. Reactive customer monitoring d. Proactive customer monitoring e. Continuous data mining
c. Reactive customer monitoring
Which of the following statements is true about whistle-blowing? a. When companies set up anonymous hotlines to handle ethically questionable situations, they are less likely to have employees engage in whistle-blowing because their ethical questions can be answered through the hotline. b. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was written to protect whistle-blowers who report corporate misconduct but, in reality, has had little impact in this area. c. Those who "blow whistles" may face retaliation and sometimes even lose their jobs. d. Employees who retaliate against a whistle-blower can be held criminally liable and imprisoned for up to ten years.
c. Those who "blow whistles" may face retaliation and sometimes even lose their jobs.
Which of the following is one of the steps in the process that managers use to make sense of their changing environments? a. perceptual re-engagement b. environmental laddering c. acting on threats and opportunities d. creating strategic windows e. behavioristic relations
c. acting on threats and opportunities
One of the problems with many of the dot-com companies that failed in the mid-1990s was a lower and middle management adherence to innovation and an expectation that work would be fun while top management envisioned the company being profitable and the elimination of unnecessary expenses. These companies lacked ____ in their organizational cultures. a. empathy b. formalization c. consistency d. broad spans of management e. responsiveness
c. consistency Consistency is defined as actively defining and teaching the organizational values, beliefs and attitudes. In this description, dot-com companies allowed two different (and often conflicting) sub-cultures to emerge naturally.
Suppose that a Mexican car manufacturer wants to export cars to Guatemala. The fact that the distribution of income within Guatemala is highly unequal and that about 75 percent of the population is below the poverty line would be a(n) ____ component in the manufacturer's general environment. a. technological b. socio-cultural c. economic d. political/legal e. demographic
c. economic
The ____ consists of the economy and the technological, socio-cultural, and political/legal trends that indirectly affect all organizations. a. economic environment b. specific environment c. general environment d. indirect environment e. direct environment
c. general environment
In terms of external organizational environments, the ____ environment affects all organizations while the ____ environment is unique to each company. a. global; national b. customer-driven; production-driven c. general; specific d. informal; formal e. specific; general
c. general; specific
Flat Electronics, a local electronics manufacturing company, produces a significant amount of e-waste every day. The company disposes the waste by dropping it into the ocean despite it being prohibited by the government. The company is violating its _____ responsibilities to society. a. economic b. fiscal c. legal d. discretionary e. shareholder
c. legal
The ____ is the set of key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by members of an organization. a. industry code of ethics b. internal environment c. organizational culture d. organizational strategy e. organizational vision
c. organizational culture
Which of the following is NOT a potential legal risk associated with traditional managerial decisions like recruiting, hiring, and firing employees? a. negligent supervision b. invasion of privacy c. product liability d. defamation e. a charge of emotional distress
c. product liability
According to the ____theory, companies go through long, simple periods of environmental stability, followed by short, complex periods of dynamic, fundamental environmental change, finishing with a return to environmental stability. a. environmental change theory b. theory of environmental dynamics c. punctuated equilibrium theory d. theory of resource scarcity e. environmental cycle
c. punctuated equilibrium theory This is the definition of punctuated equilibrium theory.
In a very strong economy, where the demand for qualified job applicants exceeds the supply, the environmental characteristic of ____ is likely to be particularly salient for many companies. a. environmental complexity b. environmental change c. resource scarcity d. environmental uncertainty e. environmental risk
c. resource scarcity Resource scarcity is a lack of critical organizational resources (in this case, human resources).
Every day, thousands of workers work in hazardous conditions to make clothes for Freeline Fashions, a clothing store. Every year, at least a thousand workers get injured because of their hazardous factory conditions. When this was brought to the notice of people by the media, the company's annual sales dropped by fifty percent. This is an example of how ____ stakeholders can influence organizational strategy. a. functional b. covert c. secondary d. situational e. transactional
c. secondary
Over the past 20 years, which of the following is an industry that has experienced both the stable and dynamic environments predicted by punctuated equilibrium theory? a. the airline industry b. the baking industry c. the video game industry d. the breakfast cereal industry e. the landscaping industry
c. the video game industry The U.S. airline industry is used in the text as an example of punctuated equilibrium, or a long, simple period of stability followed by short periods of dynamic, fundamental change.
Who among the following are the secondary stakeholders of an organization? a. governments b. customers c. trade associations d. employees e. major investors
c. trade associations
"References Etc" will pose as a prospective employer, call a prior employer on an employer's behalf, and find out what the former employer is saying. If the prior employer provides unsubstantiated negative information, then the job applicant what?
can sue for defamation
to encourage more ethical decision making in an organization, managers should:
carefully select and hire new employees, establish a specific code of ethics, create an ethical climate, train employees in how to make ethical decisions
Where standardization is important, it is important to _______________.
centralize authority
Satisficing
choosing a "good-enough"alternative.
what is planning ultimately based on?
choosing a goal and developing a method or strategy to achieve that goal
Planning
choosing a goal and developing a strategy to achieve that goal.
Maximize
choosing the best alternative.
(blank) is a kind of one-on-one communication used by managers to improve an employee's on-the-job performance or behavior
coaching
Competitors
companies in the same industry that sell similar products or services
Suppliers
companies that provide material, human, financial, and informational resources to other companies
Refer to Dofasco. Sydney Steel Corporation is another steel producer in Canada. This company is part of Dofasco's ____ component of its ____ environment.
competitive; specific
according to Mary Parket Follet, if managers use (blank) to settle or reduce conflict, each of the parties give up some of what they want
compromise
conceptual skill is the ability to see the organization as a whole, how the different parts affect each other and how the company fits into or is affected by its environment.
conceptual skill
The ability to perform ____ increases in its importance to success as managers' rise through the managerial ranks.
conceptual skills
Which skills increase in their importance to success as managers rise through the managerial ranks?
conceptual skills and the motivation to manage
Which skills increase in their importance to success as managers' rise through the managerial ranks?
conceptual skills and the motivation to manage
Advocacy Groups
concerned citizens who band together to try to influence the business practices of specific industries, businesses, and professions
A (an)___ arises when a businessperson takes advantage of a situation for his or her own personal interest rather than for the employer's interest.
conflict of interest
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research has made a study of how important it is for military leaders to be friendly with and to show concern for their troops. Its research shows that a leadership behavior high in (blank) positively influences soldiers and their ability to adapt to a stressful environment.
consideration
One of the problems with many of the dot-com companies that failed in the mid-1990s was a lower and middle management adherence to innovation and an expectation that work would be fun while top management envisioned the company being profitable and the elimination of unnecessary expenses. These companies lacked ____ in their organizational cultures.
consistency
the first thing that mangers need to recognize when communicating feedback one-on-one to employees is that feedback can be what?
constructive or destructive
PRIOR to the introduction of what, five workers each given an identical task could use five different methods to perform the task with some methods being significantly more efficient than others
contingency management
Feedback
control is a method of gathering information about performance deficiencies after they occur.
Concertive
control is associated with autonomous work groups.
A manager engaged in the management function of ___ is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed.
controlling
A manager engaged in the management function of ____ is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed.
controlling
A manager engaged in the management function of ___is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed.
controlling
According to Henri Fayol, _____ is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed.
controlling
Hormel Foods had to recall 104,000 pounds of Stagg canned chili—labeled "hearty beef with a kick of green chilies"—after the kick turned out to come from the groundup parts of a plastic handheld calculator. The recall was the application of which management function?
controlling
Hormel Foods had to recall 104,000 pounds of Stagg canned chili—labeled "hearty beef with a kick of green chilies"—after the kick turned out to come instead from the ground-up parts of a plastic handheld calculator. The recall was the application of which management function?
controlling
Refer to Amazon.com. Which traditional management function will be key in making sure Amazon is never again burdened with thousands of dollars worth of unsold inventory?
controlling
Refer to Amazon.com. Which traditional management function will be key to make sure Amazon is never again burdened with thousands of dollars worth of unsold inventory?
controlling
Southern Living magazine was forced to pull an issue off newsstands and mail warnings to 2.5 million subscribers after it became clear that a recipe for dinner rolls described as "little pillows from heaven" was considered controversial. The management function of ____ was used when the warnings were mailed to subscribers.
controlling
Southern Living magazine was forced to pull an issue off newsstands and mail warnings to 2.5 million subscribers after it became clear that a recipe for dinner rolls described as "little pillows from heaven" was considered controversial. The management function of was used when the warnings were mailed to subscribers.
controlling
monitoring progress towards goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed
controlling
what is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed?
controlling
what management function was used for the recall?
controlling
what management function was used when the warnings were mailed to subscribers?
controlling
According to Kohlberg's model of moral development, people at the _____ make decisions that conform to societal expectations.
conventional level
The notion of ___ is one that encourages adopting a strategic approach to fulfilling economic, ethical, environmental, and social responsibilities.
corporate citizenship
as a class project, Senora is working with other classmates to create a company that would market NASCAR memorabilia. Senora's teacher has instructed her to use the traditional approach to create the organization's structure. What should Senora do?
create an organizational structure w/vertical and horizontal configurations
Frederick Taylor is famous for
creating the principles of scientific management
what are workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged?
creative work environments
E-Lab uses _______ to make its project teams more efficient.
cross-train
Components of specific environment are
customer, competitor, supplier, industry regulation, and advocacy groups
A primary stakeholder of an organization would be _____.
customers
Pollution has become a significant environmental issue for governments, society, and business; which of the following is NOT true about pollution.
d. One of the driving forces behind the production of waste is unreasonable expectations by consumers that all products, including fruits and vegetables, must be perfect to be consumed.
____ is a tactic in which an advocacy group actively tries to convince consumers not to purchase a company's product or service. a. Lobbying b. Public communications c. Media advocacy d. Product boycott e. Market denigration
d. Product boycott Media advocacy is defined as a tactic that involves framing issues as public issues; exposing questionable, exploitative, or unethical practices; and forcing media coverage by buying media time or creating controversy that is likely to receive extensive news coverage. Lobbying, public communications, and market denigration are not listed in the book as advocacy tactics.
Consumerism has been defined as "all activities undertaken to protect the rights of consumers." Which of the following are rights protected as basic consumer rights? a. The right to consumer education, the right to safety, and the right to bargain. b. The right to be heard, the right to courteous service, and the right to protest. c. The right to be informed, the right to return goods to the seller, and the right to choose. d. The right to safety, to be informed, and to choose.
d. The right to safety, to be informed, and to choose.
Which of the following is an important step in establishing an ethical climate in an organization? a. Allowing flexibility in ethical standards b. Eliminating grapevine communication in the organization c. Discouraging employees from reporting ethical violations d. The top managers behaving ethically e. Limiting bottom-up communication in the organization
d. The top managers behaving ethically
Which of the following is an objective of ethics training? a. To delegate decision-making authorities to all employees b. To bring in flexibility in ethical standards c. To assign upper-level managers to be in charge of operations d. To achieve credibility with employees e. To discourage employees from reporting violations
d. To achieve credibility with employees
Which of the following is a component of a book publisher's general environment and will indirectly influence how it does business? a. other book publishing companies b. pornography laws c. an advocacy group supporting free books for children d. a trend toward less leisure time e. paper and ink suppliers
d. a trend toward less leisure time Leisure time trends will affect other companies such as boat manufacturers. The other elements are part of the publisher's specific environment.
A company implementing a(n) ____ strategy would choose to accept responsibility for a problem and do all that society expects to solve problems. a. proactive b. reactive c. defensive d. accommodative e. connotative
d. accommodative
Milsand Corp. used office cubicles for its employees. Employees were not allowed to personalize their cubicles. If Milsand wanted to change its organizational culture, it could begin by ____. a. creating a new human resources department b. hiring a cultural ombudsman c. adhering to affirmative action regulations d. allowing employees to personalize their cubicles e. giving everyone raises
d. allowing employees to personalize their cubicles This would represent a change in visible artifacts, one aspect of organizational culture.
When Rubberstamp Productions, previously a small-time production house, increased in size, the first thing its CEO did was to establish a set of guidelines in place which detailed all the principles, standards, and procedures to be followed within the company and in the company's line of business. In other words, a(n) _____ was established. a. statement of qualification b. statement of incorporation c. statement of utilitarianism d. code of ethics e. mission statement of principle
d. code of ethics
Legislation concerning the disposal of biological wastes, the development of more sophisticated imaging machines, and longer patient life spans would all be part of the ____ for a public hospital. a. internal environment b. specific environment c. socio-cultural environment d. general environment e. environmental differentiation
d. general environment These are changes that indirectly affect all organizations.
Consider a hamburger fast-food chain that began operations prior to World War II. In which of the following would have been part of its specific environment after the start of World War II? a. other fast-food restaurants that sell hamburgers b. its customers who eat burgers at least once a week c. the meat packing company that supplied its beef d. government-mandated beef rationing as a result of World War II e. all of these
d. government-mandated beef Competitors, customers, and suppliers are part of a company's specific environment at any time. Rationing, an example of industry-specific regulation, is not a typically part of a company's specific environment but occurs only under certain circumstances, in this case the need to divert resources to the war effort
When Susan started work at Henderson Textile Co., she was amazed at its employees who would take 30-minute restroom breaks, leave for the day at 2 p.m., and generally belittle the company's management. Such employees' actions most likely developed over time as a result of a faulty ____. a. general environment b. benchmark c. response to an opportunity d. organizational culture e. formalization strategy
d. organizational culture The organizational culture is the set of key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by members of an organization.
The Edmonton Oilers ice hockey team develops a sense of history for its current players by raising banners showing its success - five championships - and the retired numbers of great players from the past in its stadium and locker room. What tactics for maintaining organizational culture are the Edmonton Oilers using? a. organizational complexity and consistency b. organizational benchmarking c. cultural laddering d. organizational stories and organizational heroes e. behavioral addition and behavioral substitution
d. organizational stories and organizational heroes
A(n) _____ is a test that estimates employee honesty by directly asking job applicants what they think or feel about theft or about punishment of unethical behaviors. a. behavioral integrity test b. situational-based integrity test c. personality-based integrity test d. overt integrity test e. framed integrity test
d. overt integrity test
Fear of a lawsuit prevents many employers from giving totally honest recommendations to former employees. This reflects a change in the ____ component of the general environment. a. technological b. social c. economic d. political/legal e. demographic
d. political/legal
People at the _____ of moral development use internalized ethical principles to solve ethical dilemmas. a. preconventional level b. temporal level c. conventional level d. postconventional level e. proximal level
d. postconventional level
Two homebuilders are building homes in nearby subdivisions. One is offering 2,500-square-foot homes with two-acre yards. The other is offering a similarly sized house with quarter-acre yards. The builder offering the smaller lots cannot keep up with demand. The builder offering the larger lots has several unsold houses. The builder with the larger lots could use ____ to determine why his homes are not selling. a. proactive customer monitoring b. consumer confidence forecasts c. demographic information d. reactive customer monitoring e. a competitive location study
d. reactive customer monitoring Reactive customer monitoring is defined as identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur.
An emphasis on ____ is likely to decrease opportunistic behavior but will never completely eliminate it. a. buyer dependence b. supplier dependence c. industry regulation d. relationship behavior e. competitive advocacy
d. relationship behavior A high degree of buyer or seller dependence can lead to opportunistic behavior by one party at the expense of the other. Relationship behavior focuses on establishing long-term, mutually beneficial relationships.
A fast-food restaurant chain is famous for its small, square hamburgers. Which of the following would be a component of its socio-cultural environment? a. a period of business prosperity b. the development of fully automated drive-through windows c. a price war with Burger King and McDonald's d. the fact most consumers prefer eating out rather than at home e. regulations passed by the Food & Drug Administration
d. the fact most consumers prefer eating out rather than at home Consumer preferences are an example of a trend in general behavior, an aspect of the socio-cultural environment.
Operational Plans
day-to-day plans, developed and implemented by lower-level managers, for producing or delivering the organization's products and services over a 30-day to six-month period
Operational plans
day-to-day plans, developed and implemented by lower-level managers, for producing or delivering the organization's products and services over a thirty-day to six-month period.
A systems view of management allows managers to
deal with the complex environment in which their companies operate
A systems view of management allows managers to ____.
deal with the complex environment in which their companies operate
Organizing
deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom
Organizing
deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom in the company
what is the process of choosing a solution from available alternatives?
decision making
A company using a(n) _____ strategy would admit responsibility for a problem but would do the least required to meet societal expectations.
defensive
the social responsiveness strategy that could be considered essentially a public relations approach is the _____ strategy.
defensive
a ____ is a manager who was successful early in their careers, but were knocked off the fast track by the time they reached the middle to upper levels of management.
derailer
Planning
determining organizational goals and a means for achieving them
which of the following is an objective of ethics training?
develop employee awareness about ethics, push ethics training throughout the entire organization, teach employees a practical model of ethical decision making, achieve credibility with employees
Refer to Krispy Kreme. As the CEO of Krispy Kreme, Rudolph would have been responsible for:
developing employees' commitment to the company creating a positive organizational culture monitoring the business' environment creating a context for change doing all of these things
A-type conflict (affective conflict)
disagreement that focuses on individuals or personal issues.
C-type conflict (cognitive conflict)
disagreement that focuses on problem-and issue-related differences of opinion.
what is intentional discrimination that occurs when people are purposefully not given the same hiring, promotion or membership opportunities because of their race, sex, age, ethnic group, national origin, or religious beliefs?
disparate treatment
Refer to Volkswagen. In late September, Pischetsrieder flew to Brussels to meet with employees at a VW plant and explain his plans for improving the company's profitability. In this example, the CEO assumed the role of:
disseminator
The informational role managers' play when they share information they have collected with their subordinates and others in the company is called the ____ role.
disseminator
The informational role managers' play when they share information they have collected with their subordinates and others in the company is called the ____ role.
disseminator
the informational role managers play when they share information with other in their departments or companies
disseminator role
a manufacturer of suntan lotion set a(n) (blank) goal to increase revenues by 8% over the next five years and a(n) (blank) goal to increase sales next June in the Miami Beach area by 3%.
distal; proximal
In the context of decisional roles, managers who assume the _____ role respond to pressures and problems so severe that they demand immediate attention and action.
disturbance handler
the decisional role managers play when they respond to severe problems that demand immediate action
disturbance handler role
In Great Britain, Nestlé introduced a candy bar called Yorkie with the slogan "It's not for girls!" The resulting furor over this sexist campaign required its British managers to spend a great deal of time in the role of:
disturbance handlers
mary parker follett believed managers typically deal with conflict in one of three ways: _____
doimation, compromise, and integration
according to Mary Parket Follet, (blank), is an approach for dealing with conflict in which one party satisfies its desires and objectives at the expense of the other party's desires and objective
domination
the three formal communication channels in organizations are categorized as what?
downward, horizontal, and upward
In 2004, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spent a total of $75 million to launch mid-calorie sodas, C2 and PepsiEdge, banking on the low-carb trend. Carb-conscious consumers rejected the drinks en masse sinceone of their key tenets is avoiding refined sugar in any amount. The new brands grabbed a combinedmarket share of less than 1 percent. Coke's and PepsiCo's __________ would be responsible for de-termining that the product should be deleted from each of their product lines. a.middle mgmt b.first-line mgmt c.team leaders d.product supervisors e.top mgmt
e
____ involves deciding who your competitors are, anticipating competitors' moves, and determining competitors' strengths and weaknesses. a. Competitive mapping b. A market audit c. A SWOT analysis d. A proactive strategy e. A competitive analysis
e. A competitive analysis
____ is the process of having managers and employees perform new behaviors that are central to and symbolic of the new organizational culture a company wants to create. a. Relationship transformation b. Behavioral substitution c. Partnering d. Attitudinal modification e. Behavioral addition
e. Behavioral addition
Which of the following approaches will guarantee the successful change of an organizational culture? a. employee munificence b. perceptual substitution c. the recognition of new organizational heroes d. new organizational stories e. None of the choices can guarantee successful organizational change.
e. None of the choices can guarantee successful organizational change. Organizational cultures are very difficult to change, and no intervention guarantees success.
____ is the degree to which an organization's external environment has an abundance or scarcity of critical organizational resources. a. Environmental complexity b. Environmental capacity c. Differentiation opportunity d. Environmental dynamism e. Resource scarcity
e. Resource scarcity
The manager of a company that produces a soy-based sausage wants to conduct a competitive analysis. During this competitive analysis, he should look at ____. a. companies that produce other brands of pork-based sausage b. Morningstar, a company that has a complete line of soy-based products c. companies that produce other forms of breakfast meats like bacon d. individuals who make their own sausage e. The manager should consider all of the listed factors.
e. The manager should consider all of the listed factors. Competitive analysis is a process for monitoring the competition that involves identifying competitors, anticipating their moves, and determining their strengths and weaknesses. To understand competitive behavior, it is important that this company identify all of its likely competitors.
Which of the following is a characteristic of successful organizational cultures? a. adaptability b. consistency c. involvement d. a clear mission e. all of these
e. all of these
Which of the following would be an example of a visible artifact for an organization that is merging with a large international firm? a. personal parking spaces for all salespeople b. a private company dining room c. traditional offices d. end-of-year bonuses e. all of these
e. all of these Visible artifacts are signs of an organization's culture.
According to Kohlberg's model of moral development, people at the _____ make decisions that conform to societal expectations. a. postconventional level b. preconventional level c. unconventional level d. amoral level e. conventional level
e. conventional level
_____ is the accomplishment of tasks that help fullfill organizational objectives a. benchmarking b.optimizing c. satisficing d. efficiency e. effectiveness
e. effectiveness
A company facing a simple environment would ____. a. most likely be in the first stage of the environmental cycle b. exhibit proof of the punctuated equilibrium theory c. be unable to succeed due to lack of innovation d. be influenced by only factors in its specific environment e. have few external factors in the environment that affect it
e. have few external factors in the environment that affect it
In setting up his new office, an attorney wanted furnishings that were elegant and that would make him look successful. He wanted thick, plush carpeting in his office, but federal regulations state that his office must be wheelchair accessible because it is a public area. Wheelchairs do not maneuver well in thick carpeting. The building inspector had him remove the expensive carpeting and replace it with a carpet that did allow for wheelchair maneuverability. This is an example of how the ____ component of a company's specific environment influences it. a. socio-cultural b. economic c. political/legal d. supplier e. industry regulation
e. industry regulation Industry regulation includes rules that govern business practices and procedures, including accessibility for disabled workers.
A fast-food restaurant chain is famous for its small, square hamburgers. Which of the following would be a component of its general environment? a. meat processing companies that provide its ground beef b. consumers who will drive miles out of their way to eat a burger c. boycotts by the Chicago organization of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) d. local zoning laws that designate the appropriate distance from the street for a restaurant to be located e. inflation
e. inflation Inflation affects all organizations. The other factors exert industry-specific influence on the restaurant.
Managers can use behavioral addition and behavioral substitution to ____. a. create benchmarks b. assess the threats and opportunities in the internal environment c. develop new products d. locate new markets for existing products e. modify corporate culture
e. modify corporate culture Behavioral addition and behavioral substitution are types of behavioral interventions commonly used in organizational change efforts.
A high degree of buyer or seller dependence can lead to ____ in which one party benefits at the expense of the other. a. relationship behavior b. transactional behavior c. behavioral monogamy d. relational monopoly e. opportunistic behavior
e. opportunistic behavior
In November 2004, designer Karl Lagerfeld partnered with Swedish retailer Hennes & Mauritz to sellan affordable line of high-fashion clothing, which Lagerfeld will design exclusively for the retailer.Hennes & Mauritz will take responsibility for manufacturing and marketing the clothes. Which man-agement function guided the alliance between the designer and the retailer? a.controlling b.leading c.motivating d.planning e.organizing
e. organizing
A company implementing a(n) ____ strategy would demonstrate the greatest willingness on the part of the company to meet or exceed society's expectations. a. accommodative b. productive c. defensive d. reactive e. proactive
e. proactive
t was found that some of the manufacturing plants of Beta LLC. did not follow the safety guidelines set by the government. When the matter was brought to the company's notice, it did not take any action. Beta LLC. used the _____ social responsiveness strategy. a. progressive b. accommodative c. prospective d. proactive e. reactive
e. reactive
In order to change an organizational culture, top management can persuade other managers and employees to perform a new behavior in place of an older one. This technique is called ____. a. behavioral iteration b. behavioral substitution c. behavioral subtraction d. organizational acculturation e. replacement behavior
e. replacement behavior Behavioral substitution is the process of having managers and employees perform new behaviors central to the new organizational culture in place of those behaviors that were central to the old organizational culture.
If a catalog retailer promised customers it would not sell their personal information (addresses, phone numbers, e-mail addresses, etc.) to another direct marketing company but does so, then the catalog's sentence would be determined by _____. a. the Internet Compliancy Act b. the Federal Trade Act c. the Cellar-Kefauver Act of 1995 d. specific Supreme Court rulings e. the U.S. Sentencing Commission Guidelines
e. the U.S. Sentencing Commission Guidelines
Which of the following is NOT an example of a stakeholder group that an organization must satisfy to assure long-term survival? a. investors b. governments c. employees d. customers e. the media
e. the media
Kodak makes digital cameras and paper for prints. Kodak would view the ubiquity of digital cameras as a(n) ____ in its external environment if it considered how digital cameras affect sales of cameras that use film. On the other hand, Kodak would view the growing popularity of digital cameras as a(n) ____ in its external environment if it considered the amount of Kodak processing paper used in printing pictures made by digital cameras. a. strength; weakness b. risk; certainty c. opportunity; threat d. certainty; risk e. threat; opportunity
e. threat; opportunity
Harry is a senior manager at a leading software development firm. For a while now, he has been aware that his company has been engaging in several serious financial crimes. When he decided that he had seen enough, he took matters into his own hands and reported everything to higher authorities. In this scenario, Harry is a(n) _____. a. secondary shareholder b. secondary stakeholder c. covert stakeholder d. ombudsman e. whistleblower
e. whistleblower
Changes in any sector of the general environment ____. a. will typically not impact most organizations b. tend to slow down how quickly an organization moves through the environmental cycle c. inhibit the innovation process d. influence customers first and then suppliers e. will eventually affect most organizations.
e. will eventually affect most organizations. It is a fundamental attribute of general environment factors that they affect all organizations over time.
Suppose that a Mexican car manufacturer wants to export cars to Guatemala. Knowing that the distribution of income within Guatemala is highly unequal and that about 75 percent of the population is below the poverty line would be a(n) ____ component in the manufacturer's general environment.
economic
suppose that a Mexican car manufacturer wants to export cars to Guatemala. The fact that the distribution of income within Guatemala is highly unequal and that about 75% of the population is below the poverty line would be a(n) (blank) component in the manufacturer's general environment.
economic
The four levels of social responsibility are a. economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic. b. economic, legal, political, and social. c. ethical, philanthropic, social, and religious. d. economic, legal, philanthropic, and social. e. political, economic, legal, and ethical.
economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic.
According to bureaucratic management, employees should be hired on the basis of _____.
educational background of an applicant
A manager striving to improve organizational ___ is accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives
effectiveness
A manager striving to improve organizational _____ is accomplishing tasks that help achieve organizational objectives
effectiveness
A manager striving to improve organizational _______________ is accomplishing tasks that help achieve organizational objectives.
effectiveness
Bernd Pischetsrieder, chief executive of Volkswagen, announced restructuring plans for the company. VW is Europe's largest carmaker and needed to make itself profitable once again. To do so, VW cut thousands of jobs in the ensuing years through natural attrition, early retirement, and buying workers out of their contracts. The carmaker also considered whether its component parts factories in Brunswick, Kassel, and Wolfsburg were helping VW accomplish its organizational goal. Pischetsrieder blamed much of the company's problems on restructuring that was done in 1993. He insisted that the company is missing a whole generation of managers because its former CEO eliminated a whole layer of management. Now, 45 percent of managers were expected to go into retirement in the following three or four years. -Refer to Volkswagen. VW is examining the of its component parts factories.
effectiveness
Refer to Volkswagen. VW is examining the ____ of its component parts factories.
effectiveness
accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives
effectiveness
A manager who gets work done with a minimum of effort is increasing the ___of the organization
efficiency
Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spent a total of $75 million to launch two sodas, banking on the low-carb trend. Carb- conscious consumers rejected the drinks en masse. The new brands grabbed a combined market share of less than 1 percent. Given that the objective of both soft drink manufacturers was to increase their market share, the introductions failed to achieve:
efficiency
Krispy Kreme is a relatively small doughnut seller. It has only 292 stores in the United States, while Dunkin Donuts has 3,600 outlets. The company originated in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, where it still operates a plant that fills a 50-pound bag with doughnut mix every seven seconds. It recently opened a new plant in Effingham, Illinois, that fills a bag every three seconds. This second plant allows the company to reduce costs while increasing its output. The company began in the mid-1930s when Vernon Rudolph bought a secret recipe for yeast doughnuts from a French pastry cook. Rudolph ran the company until his death in 1973. 94. Refer to Krispy Kreme. The building of the Effingham plant increased the ___of the Krispy Kreme operation.
efficiency
One of the primary reasons for the slow response to help the victims of Hurricane Katrina was an antiquated government system that was bogged down in bureaucratic red tape. In other words, the failure of assistance to arrive in a timely fashion was due to a lack of:
efficiency
Refer to Krispy Kreme. The building of the Effingham plant increased the ____ of the Krispy Kreme operation.
efficiency
getting work done with a minimum of effort, expense, or waste.
efficiency
the failure of assistance to arrive in a timely fashion was due to a lack of what?
efficiency
Refer to Amazon.com. CEO Jeff Bezos must wrestle with basic management issues such as how to get more done at Amazon with a minimum of effort, expense, or waste. In other words, Bezos must make Amazon more:
efficient
who is responsible for the fact that most products are manufactured using standardized, interchangeable parts?
eli whitney
Job specialization can result in ___________.
employee bordedom
Employee Shrinkage
employee theft of company merchandise
First-line managers will most likely have to
encourage, monitor, and reward the performances of their employees
First-line managers will most likely have to:
encourage, monitor, and reward the performances of their employees
First-line managers will most likely have to:
encourage, monitor, and reward the performances of their employees.
which of the following is a commonly used method for increasing goal commitment?
encouraging worker participation in goal setting
The purpose of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a federal agency, is to ___ the laws designed to protect the environment.
enforce
At the death of her husband, Miriam McAllister became the CEO of a company that is the world's leading manufacturer of kidney dialysis machines. Even though she was not expected to, she quickly asked company employees to develop ideas for new products that would lead to organizational growth in a changing environment. The decisional role she took on was that of a(n):
entrepreneur
In the decisional role of ____, managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to incremental change
entrepreneur
In the decisional role of ____, managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and their units to incremental change.
entrepreneur
the decisional role managers play when they adapt themselves, their subordinates and their units to incremental change
entrepreneur role
Environmental uncertainty is most likely to be lowest when:
environmental resource scarcity is low.
Refer to Dofasco. What technique would Dofasco most likely have used to keep apprised of environmental changes that could impact how the company does business?
environmental scanning
The first step managers use to make sense of their changing environments is ____.
environmental scanning
The first step managers use to make sense of their changing environments is ___________.
environmental scanning
the first step managers use to make sense of their changing environments is _____ .
environmental scanning
the first step managers use to make sense of their changing environments is what?
environmental scanning
Environmental change+environmental complexity+resource scarcity=
environmental uncertainty
According to Henri Fayol's fourteen principles of management, _____ requires managers to develop a strong sense of morale and unity among workers that encourages coordination of efforts.
esprit de corps
A top manager for a management consulting firm would
establish a positive organizational culture that encourages employees to be passionate about their clients
A top manager for a management consulting firm would:
establish a positive organizational culture that encourages employees to be passionate about their clients
to create a compliance program that is acceptable under the U.S Sentencing Commission Guidelines, a company should what?
establish standards and procedures to meet the company's business needs, put upper-level managers in charge of the compliance program, encourage employees to report violations, train employees on standards and procedures
According to the U.S Sentencing Commission Guidelines, what is on method used to determine the level of the offense?
examining the loss incurred by the victims
Only type of responsibility given to traditional work groups.
execute the task
Top Managers
executives responsible for the overall direction of the organization
According to Alderfer's ERG theory, the lowest-order need is what?
existence
which of the following is NOT one of the five industry forces that determine an industry's overall attractiveness and potential for long-term profitability?
existing complementary products
Fortunately, social responsibility and ethics are completely interchangeable terms. a. True b. False
false
Kohlberg's three phases of moral development (in appropriate order0 are law and order, instrumental exchange, and universal principle.
false
S.M.A.R.T. goals are Specific, Meaningful, Active, Reachable, and Timely
false
according to bureaucratic management principles, those higher in the chain of command do not have the right to give commands, take action, and make decisions concerning activities occurring anywhere below them in the chain
false
according to the systems approach to management, an open system can function without interacting with its environment
false
as teams develop and grow, they pass through three stages of development. these three stages are 1) perceived teams, 2) felt team, and 3) manifest team
false
bargaining power of buyers tends to be higher when a company sells a popular product to multiple buyers than when a company is dependent on just a few high-volume buyers.
false
companies face very little uncertainty in their strategic business environments
false
developing a purpose statement is the sole responsibility of middle management
false
employee turnover is always bad for an organization
false
functional departmentalization organizes work and workers into separate units responsible for particular kinds of customers
false
in general, blogs serve no value in the corporate world
false
in matrix departmentalization, as in other forms of departmentalization, most employees report to a single boss
false
in the perceptual process, apprehension is the process of remembering interpreted information
false
job enlargement and job enrichment mean essentially the same thing
false
management by objectives is a two-step process in which managers and their employees discuss possible goals and then meet regularly to review progress toward the accomplishment of those goals
false
once teams have made it to the performing stage, they no longer need fear a decline in performance
false
one of the differences between managers and leaders is that managers focus on visions, missions, goals, and objectives, and leaders focus solely on productivity and efficiency
false
process theories of work motivation explain what motivates employees
false
resistance to change usually results from organizational factors: such as the absence of promotion guidelines, bonuses, and praise
false
since there are no consistent trait differences between leaders and non-leaders, or between effective and ineffective leaders, trait theory is wrong
false
specialized jobs are generally inefficient
false
typical titles used for top managers are general manger, plant manager, regional manager, and divisional manager
false
while good management is basic to starting and growing a business, once some measures of success has been achieved, good management becomes less important
false
1. While good management is basic to starting and growing a business, once some measures of success has been achieved, good management becomes less important.
false -Good management is basic to starting a business, growing a business, and maintaining a business once it has achieved some measure of success.
Managers are responsible for doing the basic work in the company.
false -The manager's job is not to do the basic work in the company but to help others do their work.
First-line managers are responsible for setting objectives consistent with organizational goals and planning and implementing strategies for achieving these objectives.
false -This is one of the responsibilities of middle managers.
Middle managers engage in plans and actions that typically produce results within a short time period.
false First-line managers engage in such plans and actions. Middle managers plan 6 to 18 months out.
Technical skill refers to the ability to see the organization as a whole, how the different parts affect each other, and how the company fits into or is affected by its environment.
false Technical skill refers to the ability to apply the specialized procedures, techniques, and knowledge required to get the job done. The question defines conceptual skill.
Conceptual skills are most important for lower-level managers to possess.
false Technical skills are most important for lower-level managers and team leaders.
There are four decisional roles. They are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and spokesperson.
false The four decisional roles are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator. Spokesperson is an informational role.
The job of team leader would NOT be considered a management position.
false The job of team leader is indeed one of the four kinds of management jobs, which are top managers, middle managers, first-line managers, and team leaders.
The number one mistake made by managers who were derailed from their fast track up the managerial ranks was that they didn't develop or possess the necessary technical skills.
false The number one mistake made by managers who were derailed from their fast track up the managerial ranks was that they were insensitive to others by virtue of their abrasive, intimidating, and bullying management style.
The three interpersonal roles are monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson.
false The three interpersonal roles are figurehead, leader, and liaison
Typical titles used for top managers are general manager, plant manager, regional manager, and divisional manager.
false These are typical titles for middle managers, not top managers.
While strong interpersonal conflict management skills are important for first-line managers, it is not a very important skill for team leaders.
false This is a critical skill for team leaders. Team leaders are responsible for internal team relations. Since the entire team suffers when a conflict arises between members, it is critical for team leaders to know how to help team members resolve conflicts.
Top managers are the managers responsible for facilitating team activities toward goal accomplishment.
false -Top managers are executives responsible for the overall direction of the organization. Team leaders are the managers responsible for facilitating team activities toward goal accomplishment.
Evaluation apprehension
fear of what others will think of your ideas.
in the model of the communication process, (blank), makes senders aware of possible miscommunications and enables them to continue communicating until the receiver understands the intended message
feedback
Novo Nordisk is a European manufacturer of pharmaceuticals. An employee , Rikke NedergaardBischoff, who is a clinical-development scientist, contends that Novo upholds the standards expected of public institutions without the stifling bureaucracy. She says, "There's a great deal of empowerment at Novo Nordisk." Novo Nordisk provides NedergaardBischoff with ____.
feelings of intrinsic motivation
according to Hofstede's research on cultural dimension, (blank) cultures emphasize the importance of relationships, modesty, caring for the weak, and family
feminine
At the death of her husband, Miriam McAllister became the CEO of a company that is the world's leading manufacturer of kidney dialysis machines. It was believed when she took the position that she would perform only ceremonial duties and would not want to be actively involved in the running of the company. In other words, it was assumed she would be a:
figurehead
Which of the following is an example of an interpersonal role?
figurehead
the interpersonal role managers play when they perform ceremonial duties
figurehead role
the goal of scientific management is to _____
find the one best way to perform each task
what is the goal of scientific management?
find the one best way to perform each task
A ____ for a McDonald's fast-food restaurant would be responsible for placing orders for food and paper supplies and for setting up weekly work schedules.
first-line manager
Mike Walker supervises operations on the chassis assembly line for a large vehicle manufacturer. Most of his time is spent in quality control maintenance, scheduling workers, and training new employees. Walker would be categorized as a:
first-line manager
Walker supervises operations on the chassis assembly line for a large vehicle manufacturer. Most of his time is spent in quality control maintenance, scheduling workers, and training new employees. Walker would be categorized as a:
first-line manager
a ____ for a McDonald's fast-food restaurant would be responsible for placing orders for food and paper supplies and for setting up weekly work schedules.
first-line manager
Managers who train and supervise the performance of nonmanagerial employees and who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services are categorized as _____
first-line managers
Managers who train and supervise the performance of nonmanagerial employees and who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services are categorized as:
first-line managers
Managers who train and supervise the performance of nonmanagerial employees, and who are directly responsible for producing the company's products or services, are categorized as:
first-line managers
The chairs of the accounting, marketing, and communications departments at a typical university are assuming the roles of ____ because they supervise nonmanagerial employees.
first-line managers
The chairs of the accounting, marketing, and communications departments at a typical university are assuming the roles of because they supervise nonmanagerial employees.
first-line managers
the (blank) is the sytem of official channels that carry organizationally approved messages and information
formal communication channel
a group in Great Britain has been established to improve the employment, retention, and promotion prospects of black and other ethnic minorities as well as women in the Fire and Rescue Service, which at present has a largely white, male demographic. At its inception, this group was in the (blank) stage of team development
forming
one of the best ways for top managers to hear what others feel and think is through what?
frequent informal meetings
which of the following statements about functional departmentalization is true?
functional departmentalization allows work to be done by highly qualified specialists
Legislation concerning the disposal of biological wastes, the development of more sophisticated imaging machines, and longer patient life spans would all be part of the ____ for a public hospital.
general environment
in external organizations environments, the ____ environment affects all organizations while the _____ environment is unique to each company.
general; specific
in terms of external organizational environments, the (blank) environment affects all organizations, while the (blank) environment is unique to each company
general; specific
what is the segmenting of markets based on the region of the country or the world, market size, market density, or climate?
geographic segmentation
Efficiency
getting work done with a minimum of effort, expense, or waste
A (blank) is a target, objective, or result
goal
S.M.A.R.T. goals
goals that are specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and timely.
in the (blank) type of grapevine communication network, one highly connected individual shares information with many other managers and workers
gossip chain
During the Great Depression, factory production fell by almost half and about 25 percent of the nation's workforce was unemployed. Because of these conditions, President Franklin D. Roosevelt instituted programs to restore the economy and improve social conditions. Laws were passed to correct abuses by big business and to provide social services for individuals. As ___ , awareness of social responsibility has increased.
government involvement increased
Behavioral substitution
having managers and employees perform a new behavior in place of another behavior
who is best known for developing the five functions of managers and the fourteen principles of managment?
henri fayol
The creation of Ingram Distribution allows booksellers to streamline the ordering and return procedures of their books. Ingram made all the books bookstore owners wanted available in one centralized warehouse. Many new bookstore owners would be unwilling and/or unable to return to the method of ordering books from the individual publishers. This is an example of the creation of ____.
high buyer dependence on a supplier
what does groupthink occur in?
highly cohesive groups where there is a great deal of pressure to agree with each other
Contingency approach
holds that there are no universal management theories and that the most effective management theory or idea depends on the kinds of problems or situations that managers are facing at a particular time and place
Personal aggression
hostile or aggressive behavior toward others
Concentration of Effect
how much an act affects the average person
_____ skills can be summarized as the ability to work well with others.
human
the (blank) approach focuses on the psychological and social aspects of work?
human relations
the ability to work well with others
human skill
What type of skills tends to be equally important at all levels of management?
human skills
what type of skills tends to be equally important at all levels of management?
human skills
Most firms begin the process of reducing their impact on the environment by ___ .
identifying and eliminating inefficiencies in production and operations
Competitive analysis refers to:
identifying companies that sell similar products.
A(n) (blank) is a resource that is impossible or extremely costly or difficult for other firms to duplicate
imperfectly imitable
which of the following must be met if a firm's resources are to be used to achieve a sustainable competitve advantage?
imperfectly imitable resources
Middle managers will most likely have to:
implement the changes generated by top managers
One of the objectives of the motion study conducted by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth was to:
improve productivity of workers.
In essence, reengineering changes organizations by ____.
increasing reciprocal interdependence
A military expert describes how the military forces were organized for Operation Desert Storm as pooled interdependence. This means that each branch of the military that took part in the operation ____________________.
independently contributed to the success of the campaign
Ethical intensity depends on all of the following EXCEPT ____.
individual commitment
Three of the primary factors influencing the standards of behavior in an organization include ___ , social factors, and opportunities.
individual factors
Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spent a total of $75 million to launch two sodas, banking on the low-carb trend. Carb-conscious consumers rejected the drinks en masse. The new brands grabbed a combined market share of less than 1 percent. Given that the objective of both soft drink manufacturers was to increase their market share, the introductions were notably:
inefficient
Potential disadvantage associated with the use of work teams
initially high employee turnover
coaching football at the collegiate level requires that coaches design every facet of practices, set goals for their players, determine schedules, and even direct all of the plays during the games. College football coaching uses (blank) type of managing
initiating structure
organizational (blank) is the successful implementation of creative ideas in organizations
innovation
patterns of innovation over time that can create sustainable competitve advantage are called what?
innovation streams
Leading
inspiring and motivating workers to work hard to achieve organizational goals
The term ____ refers to the events and trends inside an organization that affect management, employees, and the organizational culture.
internal environment
the events and trends inside an organization that affect management, employees, and organizational culture
internal environment
According to Mintzberg, which of the following are the three major roles managers fulfill while performing their jobs?
interpersonal roles, informational roles, and decisional roles
According to Mintzberg, which of the following lists the three major roles managers fulfill while performing their jobs?
interpersonal roles, informational roles, and decisional roles
Roles played by managers include
interpersonal, informational, and decisional
After six months as a manager, new managers typically believe their job is:
is a derailer
As the shift supervisor at a car wash, Jacob is bossy, arrogant, and insensitive to the needs of his subordinates. He is unable to delegate any tasks to the other employees. He will more than likely never be a middle or top manager because he:
is a derailer
Refer to Amazon.com. As CEO of Amazon, Jeff Bezos:
is responsible for developing employees' commitment to the company's performance
The organizational process _____________.
is the collection of activities that transform inputs into outputs that customers value
according to Weber, a bureaucracy _____ .
is the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge, expertise, or experience
according to Weber, a bureaucracy is what?
is the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge, expertise, or experience
Behavioral addition
is the process of having managers and employees perform a new behavior
Which of the following is a component of the specific environment that would directly influence a restaurant's day-to-day operation?
its regular customers
which of the following is an internal recruiting method?
job postings
Technology is the ____ used to transform inputs (raw materials, information, etc.) into outputs (products or services).
knowledge, tools, and techniques.
the interpersonal role managers play when they motivate and encourage workers to accomplish organizational objectives
leader role
A U.S. Marine drill instructor motivating new recruits to challenge themselves is engaged in which management function?
leading
As the human resources manager for Spring Engineering and Manufacturing Corp. in Canton, Michigan, Kim Radeback had to find inexpensive ways to reward high performing employees and bolster morale during a sales- flattening economic downturn. Radeback had to engage in which management function?
leading
Refer to Volkswagen. Bernd Pischetsrieder exercised the organizing function when he made decisions about how to replace retiring managers. His decisions will, in turn, affect which management function as new managers come on board?
leading
Robert Rothschild Farm boosted morale and showed its gratitude to its 75 employees at its retail store by hosting its first employee appreciation week. It used the management function of ____ to boost morale.
leading
inspiring and motivating workers to work hard and achieve organizational goals
leading
what management function was usedto boost morale?
leading
decentralization?
leads to faster decision making and more satisfied customers and employees
The marketing manager of Interstate Bakeries was asked to meet with the organization's research and development department to explain why the company needed to change its 25-year-old package design for Twinkies. The marketing manager took on an interpersonal role as:
liaison
The marketing manager of Interstate Bakeries was asked to meet with the organization's research and development department(s) to explain why the company needed to change its 25-year-old package design for Twinkies. The marketing manager took on an interpersonal role as:
liaison
the interpersonal role managers play when they deal with people outside their units
liaison role
in terms of chain of command, (blank) authority is the right to command subordinates, while (blank) authority is the right to advise but not command others who are not subordinates
line; staff
A fast-food restaurant chain that is famous for its small, square hamburgers. Which of the following would be an industry regulation component of its specific environment?
local health inspectors
Distal goals
long-term or primary goals.
who is primarily responsible for developing operational plans?
lower-level managers
the Department of Defense doesn't classify pilferage as a major problem, as its annual inventory losses run $1-2 billion a year. The intentional theft and sale of defense secrets would have greater ethical intensity than this pilferage due to what?
magnitude of consequences
Options-based planning
maintaining planning flexibility by making small, simultaneous investments in many alternative plans.
Team leaders typically:
manage external and internal relationships
Team leaders typically_______
manage internal and external relationships
A first-line manager for a large electric generator manufacturer would:
manage the performance of employees who actually build the generators
When Ruth was hired to be the second-in-command at Graham Mailing Services, she was told that her job was to deal with the employees to make sure they got the mailing done to the customers' specifications. She was not instructed on how to run machines or in any other technical area because Her was a job in:
management
When Ruth was hired to be the second-in-command at Graham Mailing Services, she was told that her job was to deal with the employees to make sure they got the mailing done to the customers' specifications. She was not instructed on how to run machines or in any other technical area because her position was a job in:
management
____ is defined as getting work done through others.
management
______is defined by getting work done through others
management
what is defined as getting work done through others?
management
which of the following statements about the beginnings of management is true"?
management as a field of study is only about 125 years old.
management is getting work done through others.
management is _____
According to bureaucratic management, _____ should supervise the organization.
managers
Opportunity
managers consider strategic alternatives for taking advantage of those events to improve performance
Team Leaders
managers responsible for facilitating team activities toward goal accomplishment
Threat
managers typically take steps to protect the company from further harm
The CEO of Camper Brand Shoes expects its designers to operate like a team when they create new shoe designs. Most of its designers do not have a background in fashion so it is important that each person shares his or her expertise. Each team has a leader who is responsible for:
managing external and internal team relationships
The CEO of Camper brand shoes expects its designers to operate like a team when they create new shoe designs. Most of its designers do not have a background in fashion so it is important that each person shares his or her expertise. Each team has a leader who is responsible for:
managing external and internal team relationships
a manufacturer of acrylic and latex gloves sells to medical laboratories, to factories where employees handle chemicals, to companies that manufacture micro-tech equipment, and to cleaning services. Because it is organized to better satisfy the needs of each of its four target markets, the manufacturer uses (blank) departmentalization
matrix
the primary advantage of (blank) departmentalization is the fact that it allows companies to manage large, complex tasks efficiently by minimizing duplications
matrix
a study of studies, a statistical approach that provides the best scientific estimate of how well management theories and practices work
meta-analysis
As the human resources manager for Spring Engineering and Manufacturing Corp. in Canton, Michigan, Kim Radeback had to find inexpensive ways to reward performing employees and bolster morale during a sales- flattening economic downturn. Radeback is an example of a:
middle manager
Robert Rothschild Farm boosted morale and showed its gratitude to its 75 employees at its retail store by hosting its first employee appreciation week. "It was a good mix of fun and learning," said Robin Coffey, marketing manager. Coffey is an example of a:
middle manager
It is the responsibility of ____ to develop intermediate plans, or plans designed to produce results within six to eighteen months
middle managers
It is the responsibility of ____ to develop intermediate plans, or plans designed to produce results within six to eighteen months.
middle managers
Typical responsibilities for ____ include setting objectives consistent with organizational goals and then planning and implementing the subunit strategies for achieving these goals.
middle managers
Typical responsibilities for ____ include coordinating and linking groups, departments, and divisions within a company.
middle managers
Typical responsibilities for ____ include setting objectives consistent with organizational goals and then planning and implementing the subunit strategies for achieving these goals.
middle managers
Typical responsibilities for _____ include setting objectives consistent with organizational goals and then planning and implementing the subunit strategies for achieving these goals.
middle managers
Typical responsibilities for ___include coordinating and linking groups, departments, and divisions within a company
middle managers
are responsible for setting objectives consistent with top management's goals, and planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these goals
middle managers
As the human resources manager for Spring Engineering and Manufacturing Corp. in Canton, Michigan, Kim Radeback had to find inexpensive ways to reward performing employees and bolster morale during a sales-flattening economic downturn. Radeback is an example of a:
middle-level manager
Robert Rothschild Farm boosted morale and showed its gratitude to its 75 employees at its retail store by hosting its first employee appreciation week. "It was a good mix of fun and learning," said Robin Coffey, marketing manager. Coffey is an example of a:
middle-level manager
Managers can use behavioral addition and behavioral substitution to ____.
modify corporate culture
Connie O'Day is a middle-level manager for the publishers of Free Spirit magazine, a publication targeted to women who are not focused on finding a husband or maintaining a house and garden. She spends much of her day conducting interviews with groups of women to determine what they consider most important in their lives. She also keeps an eye on the sales and content of other women's magazines. Which informational role does O'Day perform?
monitor
Connie O'Day is a middlelevel manager for the publishers of Free Spirit magazine, a publication targeted to women who are not focused on finding a husband or maintaining a house and garden. She spends much of her day conducting interviews with groups of women to determine what they consider most important in their lives. She also keeps an eye on the sales and content of other women's magazines. Which informational role does O'Day perform?
monitor
During a meeting of the Ambulatory Care Nursing Association (ACNA) board of directors, a commitment was made to ask members for their feedback about their experiences with and perceptions of ACNA. The head of the organization said, "The essence of being a leader is to make sure the organization knows itself." Then she volunteered to conduct the environmental scanning and share what she learned with the others. What informational roles is she assuming?
monitor and disseminator
the informational role managers play when they scan their environment for information
monitor role
Controlling
monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when progress isn't being made
Lorenzo Fluza is the owner and CEO of the company that makes Camper shoes. Mintzberg would describe Lorenzo Fluza as fulfilling the leader role within the organization. This means he spends much of his time:
motivating and encouraging its employees to meet their organizational objectives
Lorenzo Fluza is the owner and CEO of the company that makes Camper shoes. Mintzberg would describe Lorenzo Fluza as taking a leader role within the organization. This means he spends much of his time:
motivating and encouraging its employees to meet their organizational objectives
Creating a competitive advantage through people relies heavily on the use of which skill to reward people for providing exceptional customer service?
motivation to manage
an assessment of how enthusiastic employees are about managing the work of others
motivation to manage
creating a competitive advantage through people relies heavily on the use of which skill to reward people for providing exceptional customer service?
motivation to manage
One of the objectives of the motion study conducted by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth was to:
mprove productivity of workers
According to Mintzberg, which role would a manager assume if she were trying to convince union members to accept a 25-cent-per-hour reduction in pay in order to keep the manufacturing plant open?
negotiator
In the _____ managerial role, managers discuss and handle schedules, projects, goals, outcomes, resources, and employee raises.
negotiator
the decisional role managers play when they negotiate schedules, projects, goals, outcomes, resources, and employee raises
negotiator role
Deutsche Bank is the largest bank in the world. Would this give it a sustainable competitive advantage?
no, because size is not a criteria for sustainable competitive advantage
when making travel plans, many tourists have selected Thomas Cook, a British tour operation, because they perceive that no other tour company can duplicate the customer service and satisfaction that Thomas Cook has provided over its years of operation. Thomas Cook has apparently created a sustainable competitive advantage by using (blank) resources
nonsubstitutable
a group in Great Britain has been established to improve employment, retention, and promotion prospects of ethnic minorities as well as women in the Fire and Rescue Service, which at present has a largely white, male demographic. By the (blank) stage of team development, the group members will have resolved petty differences, developed friendships, and begun to establish some group cohesiveness
norming
group cohesion tends to be relatively strong at the (blank) stage of team development
norming
Sweethearting
occurs when employees discount or don't ring up merchandise their family or friends bring up to the cash register
All of the following are important factors in the creation of an ethical business climate EXCEPT ____.
official approval of a company's ethics code by government regulators
Nearly all organizations that interact with their environments and depend on them for survival are viewed as ____.
open systems
involves managing by daily production of goods and services
operations management
A high degree of buyer or seller dependence can lead to _____.
opportunistic behavior
Refer to Dofasco. The company's commitment to triple the bottom line and to keeping its employees happy is indicative of Dofasco's ____.
organizational culture
When Susan started work at Henderson Textile Co., she was amazed at its employees who would take 30-minute restroom breaks, leave for the day at 2 p.m., and generally belittle the company's management. Such employees' actions most likely developed over time as a result of a faulty ____.
organizational culture
the _____ is the set of key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by members of an organization.
organizational culture
while (blank) emphasizes jobs and their authority relationships, (blank) emphasizes the activities through which work gets done in the organization.
organizational structure; organizational process
A business school administrator who is determining what classes will be offered in which rooms and who will teach each specific class is involved in which classical management function?
organizing
According to Henri Fayol, _____ is deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom.
organizing
Jane is in charge of her Rotary Club's annual fundraising auction. She will decide who will ask local businesses for prizes, she will determine the site of the event, she will decide who will sell tickets to customers, and who will work the night of the auction. She is engaged in the management function of:
organizing
Refer to Volkswagen. The restructuring efforts mainly involved which of the management functions?
organizing
deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what jobs and tasks, and who will work for whom
organizing
Modular organizations _______________ .
outsource all but the core business activities that they can perform best.
Strategic plans
overall company plans that clarify how the customers and position itself against competitors over the next two to five years.
after a year as a manager, new managers typically realize their job is: _____ .
people development
After a year as a manager, new managers typically realize their job is:
people management
goal setting theory
people will be motivated to the extent to which they accept specific, challenging goals and receive feedback that indicates their progress toward goal achievement
expectancy theory
people will be motivated to the extent which they believe that their efforts will lead to good performance
a team has finally matured into a fully-functioning team at the (blank) stage of development
performing
Stakeholders
persons or group with a stake, or legitimate interest, in a company's actions
Middle managers typically:
plan and allocate resources coordinate and link groups and departments implement changes and strategies generated by top managers monitor the activities of first-line managers who report to them
Middle managers typically:
plan and allocate resources to meet objectives.
A manager engaged in the management function of ____ is determining organizational goals and the means for achieving them.
planning
A manager engaged in the management function of ___is determining organizational goals and the means for achieving them.
planning
After the makers of Wonder Bread declared bankruptcy, their objectives were to increase revenues by at least 5 percent and reduce net losses by at least 80 percent. Which management function is used to set these goals and help the company meet them?
planning
After the makers of Wonder bread, declared bankruptcy, their objectives were to increase its revenues by at least 5 percent and reduce its net losses by at least 80 percent. Which management function was used to set these goals and will help the company meet them?
planning
Nestlé was unsuccessful in early attempts to sell its chocolate in India. It discovered its chocolate bars were not suitable for the Indian markets because the candy had to sit in direct sunlight without benefit of air conditioning and became messy. Nestlé adopted an innovation strategy and developed Chocostick, a liquid chocolate, which is very popular. Solving this problem involved what management function?
planning
Refer to Krispy Kreme. Which management function had Rudolph not performed at the time of his death?
planning
To achieve its goal of increased market share, Krispy Kreme launched a program in Palm Beach County, Florida, that awards grade-school students a free doughnut for every A on their report cards. Which management function was used to create this program?
planning
after $8 billion in profit, Shell decided to strive to double profits within the next five years. Which classical management function would be instrumental in achieving this goal?
planning
what is determining organizational goals and the means for achieving them?
planning
what are the four functions of management?
planning, organizing, leading, controlling
Tactical plans
plans created and implemented by middle managers that specify how the company will use resources, budgets, and people over the next six months to two years to accomplish specific goals within its mission.
Single-use plans
plans that cover unique, one-time-only events.
Standing plans
plans used repeatedly to handle frequently recurring events.
A court ruling regarding the unfair firing of employees is a development in the _____ component of the general environment.
political/legal
People at the _____ of moral development use internalized ethical principles to solve ethical dilemmas.
postconventional level
McClellend's Learned Needs Theory identifies three needs. they are the needs for what?
power, achievement, and affiliation
What is the rationalization process?
practical application of knowledge to achieve a desired end (goal)...leads to efficiency, coordination, and control over both the physical and social environment...to find efficient and quick ways to accomplish goal of organization with least cost
According to Kohlberg's model of moral development, people at the _____ make decisions that are based on selfish reasons.
preconventional level
the three stages or moral development identified by Kohlber are _____ .
preconventional level, cont3entional level, and postconventional level
What are the 3 stages of moral development by Kohlberg?
preconventional level, conventional level, and postconventional level
Groups such as shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, governments, and local communities are examples of _____ stakeholders.
primary
The two general categories of stakeholders are _____ stakeholders.
primary and secondary
groups, such as shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, governments, and local communities, on which the organization depends for long-term survival
primary stakeholders
A company implementing a(n) ____ strategy would demonstrate the greatest willingness on the part of the company to meet or exceed society's expectations.
proactive
a company implementing a(n) _____ strategy would demonstrate the greatest willingness on the part of the company to meet or exceed society's expectations.
proactive
Two homebuilders are building homes in nearby subdivisions. One is offering 2,500-square-foot homes with two-acre yards. The other is offering a similar size of house with quarter-acre yards. The builder offering the smaller lots cannot keep up with demand. The builder offering the larger lots has several unsold houses. The builder with the smaller lots most likely used ____ to determine what homebuyers desired.
proactive customer monitoring
hallmark has four departments. These departments are (1) flowers and gifts, (2) cards and e-cards, (3) hallmark collectibles, and (4) photo albums and scrapbooks. Hallmark uses (blank) departmentalization
product
_____ is a tactic in which an advocacy group actively tries to convince consumers not to purchase a company's product or service
product boycott
a tactic in which an advocacy group actively tries to persuade consumers not to purchase a company's product or service
product boycott
Advocacy groups use a variety of tactics to convince businesses to comply with the group's stand on issues. Which of the following advocacy group tactics would be most likely to cause a business to fail?
product boycotts
Which of the following is NOT a potential legal risk associated with traditional managerial decisions like recruiting, hiring, and firing employees?
product liability
A temporary team
project team
which of the following is the LEAST aggressive approach likely to be used by an advocacy group?
public communications
According to the ____, companies go through long, simple periods of environmental stability, followed by short, complex periods of dynamic, fundamental environmental change, finishing with a return to environmental stability.
punctuated equilibrium theory
According to the ____theory, companies go through long, simple periods of environmental stability, followed by short, complex periods of dynamic, fundamental environmental change, finishing with a return to environmental stability.
punctuated equilibrium theory
according to the (blank) theory, companies go through long simple periods of environmental stability, followed by short complex periods of dynamic fundamental environmental change, finishing with a return to environmental stability.
punctuated equilibrium theory
Budgeting
quantitative planning through which managers decide how to allocate available money to a best accomplish company goals
A(n) (blank) resource is a resource that is not controlled or possessed by many competing firms:
rare
A company using a(n) _____ social responsiveness strategy will do less than society expects.
reactive
_____ is used to refer to a company's practice of identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur.
reactive customer monitoring
The three types of task interdependence are
reciprocal, pooled, and sequential
Charismatic leadership
refers to the behavioral tendencies and personal characteristics of leaders that create an exceptionally strong relationship between them and their followers.
managers can motivate employees to increase their efforts by what?
relying on the innate value of extrinsic rewards
The sales manager is in charge of monitoring the expense accounts of her sales force. In this decisional role, she acts as a(n):
resource allocator
the decisional role managers play when they decide who gets what resources
resource allocator role
In a very strong economy, where the demand for qualified job applicants exceeds the supply, the environmental characteristic of ____ is likely to be particularly salient for many companies.
resource scarcity
_____ is the degree to which an organization's external environment has an abundance or scarcity of critical organizational resources
resource scarcity
Middle Managers
responsible for setting objectives consistent with top management's goals and for planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these objectives
Management by objectives
s four-step process in which managers and employees discuss and select goals, develop tactical plan, and meet regularly to review progress toward goal accomplishment.
Prior to the introduction of _____, five workers each given an identical task could use five different methods to perform the task with some methods being significantly more efficient than others.
scientific management
Environmental Scanning
searching the environment for important events or issues that might affect an organization
Groups that influence and/or are affected by a company and that neither engage in economic exchanges with the firm nor are fundamental to its daily survival are collectively called a. primary stakeholders. b. secondary stakeholders. c. significant others. d. market constituents. e. community organizations.
secondary stakeholders
managers can use integrity tests to
select and hire ethical employees
which of the following is one of the sources of resistance to change?
self-interest
Which of the following management practices can be used by an organization that wants to create a competitive advantage through its employees?
self-managed teams employment security high wages contingent on organizational performance sharing information all of these
According to Adam Smith's version of capitalism, the values each individual must have to produce for the common good are propriety, prudence, reason, __________ and promoting the happiness of mankind. a. emotion b. morals c. sentiment d. respect e. modesty
sentiment
Which of the following typically is NOT performed by top managers
setting objectives consistent with organizational goals or planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these objectives
Which of the following typically is NOT performed by top managers?
setting objectives consistent with organizational goals or planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these objectives
when a CEO opened the nationwide sales force meeting with a crude sexually explicit joke, this is an example of what?
sexual harassment
According to the _____ model, the only social responsibility that businesses have is to maximize profits.
shareholder
model that holds the only social responsibility that businesses have is to maximize profit
shareholder
Proximal goals
short-term goals or subgoals.
Business confidence indices:
show how sure actual managers are about future business growth.
skip
skip
Subsystems
smaller systems that operate within the context of a larger system
Refer to Dofasco. The fact that Ford purchased less steel from Dofasco during the auto industry's slump would be part of Dofasco's ____ environment because Ford Motor Company is one of its customers.
specific
According to a speech to a forum for retail leaders made by Dr. Hans-Joachim Koerber, "Sustained growth is essential. Sustaining growth is a challenge for virtually every company." Koerber is the CEO of Metro Group, Germany's largest retailer, which has more than 2,400 stores in 30 countries. What informational role did Koerber assume?
spokesperson
As described by Mintzberg, a marketing manager who was hired by a manufacturer of plumbing fixtures to operate information booths would have the informational role of:
spokesperson
Refer to Volkswagen. In making his announcement about restructuring, Pischetsrieder assumed the ____ role.
spokesperson
Refer to Volkswagen. In making his announcement about restructuring, Pischetsrieder assumed the____ role.
spokesperson
Spiegel announced to the media that it was nearing the completion of its corporate restructuring and was one step closer to emerging from Chapter 11 status after filing its proposed joint plan of reorganization. According to Mintzberg, which managerial role would have been adopted in order to make this announcement to the media?
spokesperson
the informational role managers play when they share information with people outside their departments or companies
spokesperson role
according to the _____ model, managements most important responsibility is long-term survival.
stakeholder
Utilizing a(n) _____ allows an organization to identify, monitor, and respond to the needs, values, and expectations of different stakeholder groups. a. code of conduct b. ethics officer c. stakeholder framework d. ethics help desk e. powerful CEO
stakeholder framework
The two-way relationship between a firm and its stakeholders is conceptualized by the: a. stakeholder interaction model b. corporate governance model c. measures of corporate impacts table d. stakeholder orientation model e. stockholder-focus approach
stakeholder interaction model
Various persons or groups with a legitimate interest in a company's actions are called _____ .
stakeholders
Various persons or groups with a legitimate interest in a company's actions are called _____.
stakeholders
Rule and regulations
standing plans that describe how a particular action should be performed or what must happen or not happen in response to a particular event.
Policies
standing plans that indicate the general course of action that should be taken in response to a particular event or situation.
Procedures
standing plans that indicate the specific steps that should be taken in response to particular event.
equity theory
states that people will be motivated when they perceive that they are being treated fairly
According to human relations management _____.
success depends on treating workers well
Change visible artifacts
such as the office design and layout, company dress codes, etc.
which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of SMART goals?
synergistic
Open Systems
systems that can sustain themselves only by interacting with their environments, on which they depend for their survival
Closed Systems
systems that can sustain themselves without interacting with their environments
what plans are plans that specify how a company will use resources, budgets, and people to accomplish specific goals within its mission?
tactical
Teams are typically required when ____.
tasks require multiple perspectives.
managers responsible for facilitating team activities toward goal accomplishment
team leaders
Bill Belichick is the coach of the New England Patriots football team. As a successful coach, he has to schedule structured practices, emphasize careful planning, and assign tasks. He also has to show the players that he genuinely cares about them as people. According to the Blake and Mouton grid, Belichick's leadership style would be characterized as what?
team management
Refer to Krispy Kreme. To be successful, managers need four skills. The fact that Rudolph was a skilled baker when he purchased the secret doughnut recipe indicates he had ____ skills.
technical
Refer to Krispy Kreme. To be successful, managers need four skills. The fact that Rudolph was a skilled baker when he purchased the secret doughnut recipe indicates he had skills.
technical
An accountant with has the ability to create a budget, compare the budget to the actual income statement, and determine unnecessary expenses.
technical skill
An accountant with ____ has the ability to create a budget, compare the budget to the actual income statement, and determine unnecessary expenses.
technical skill
An accountant with_______ has the ability to create a budget, compare the budget to the actual income statement, and determine unnecessary expenses.
technical skill
an accountant with _____ has the ability to create a budget, compare the budget to the actual income statement, and determine unnecessary expense
technical skill
Which type of skills tends to be most important to the success of lower-level managers?
technical skills
the ability to apply the specialized procedures, techniques, and edge required to get the job done
technical skills
Which of the following is NOT a primary stakeholder group? a. Employees b. Customers c. Investors d. The Media e. Shareholders
the Media
Conceptual Skills
the ability to see the organization as a whole, understand how the different parts affect each other, and recognize how the company fits into or is affected by its environment
over the past 20 years, which of the following is an industry that has experienced both the stable and dynamic environments predicted by punctuated equilibrium theory?
the airline industry
Resources
the assets, capabilities, processes, information, and knowledge that an organization uses to improve its effectiveness and efficiency, create and sustain competitive advantage, and fulfill a need or solve a problem
Probability of effect
the chance that something will happen and then result in harm to others
_____ is a primary source of organizational culture
the company's founder
According to ____, the most effective management theory or idea depends on the kinds of problems or situations that managers are facing at a particular time and place.
the contingency approach
According to _____ , the most effective management theory or idea depends on the kinds of problems or situations that mangers are facing at a particular time and place
the contingency approach
Ethical Intensity
the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue
Ethical intensity
the degree of concern people have about an ethical issue
Goal commitment
the determination to achieve a goal.
Many people in Rhenasia are cutting down on their spending. This is because of a lack of well-paying jobs in the country. Many businesses in the country are getting affected as the buying power of customers has drastically reduced. The environmental characteristic that is affecting businesses in Rhenasia is _____.
the economy
General environment consists of
the economy, technological, sociocultural, and political/legal trends that indirectly affect all organizations
Bureaucracy
the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge, expertise, or experience
Discretionary Responsibility
the expectation that a company will voluntarily serve a social role beyond its economic, legal, and ethical responsibilities
Uncertainty
the extent to which managers can understand or predict which environmental changes and trends will affect their businesses
Secondary Firms
the firms in a strategic group that follow strategies related to but somewhat different from those of the core firms
Monitor Role
the informational role managers play when they scan their environment for information
Liaison Role
the interpersonal role managers play when they deal with people outside their units
Leader Role
the interpersonal role managers play when they motivate and encourage workers to accomplish organizational objectives
Figurehead Role
the interpersonal role managers play when they perform ceremonial duties
Under the stakeholder model, ____ would be an example of a stakeholder group that most strongly affects public perceptions and opinions about the company's socially responsible behavior.
the media
Environmental Complexity
the number and the intensity of external factors in the environment that affect organizations
According to which of the following leadership model occurs when leaders make it clear how followers can achieve organizational goals, take care of problems that prevent followers from achieving goals, and then find more and varied rewards to motivate followers who achieve those goals, these leaders are demonstrating what?
the path-goal theory
The three stages of moral development identified by Kohlberg are ____.
the preconventional level, the conventional level, and the postconventional level
Decision making
the process of choosing a solution from available alternatives.
Ethics
the set of morals principles or values that defines right and wrong for a person or group
Discretionary responsibilities
the social roles that a company fulfills beyond its economic, legal, and ethical responsibilites
Proximity of effect
the social, psychological, cultural, or physical distance of a decision maker from those affected by his decision
Decision criteria
the standards used to guide judgements and decisions.
Temporal Immediacy
the time between an act and the consequences
Magnitude of Consequences
the total harm or benefit derived from an ethical decision
According to weber, what is bureaucracy?
they are goal-oriented organizations designed in rational fashion in order to efficiently attain their goals
Secondary stakeholders are important to a company because _____.
they can affect public perceptions and opinions
Scientific Management
thoroughly studying and testing different work methods to identify the best, most efficient way to complete a job
a sustainable competitive advantage exists for an organization when other companies have tried unsuccessfully to duplicate the advantage and ?
those companies have, for the moment, stopped trying to duplicate the advantage
Kodak makes digital cameras and paper for prints
threat;opportunity
Time study
timing how long it takes good workers to complete each part of their jobs
Honeywell Inc. recognized its European operations along customer lines to prepare for a unified European union. Abandoning matrix departmentalization. Why would Honeywell engage in such restructuring?
to end conflict between product managers in different parts of its matrix.
After six months as a manager, new managers typically believe their job is:
to solve problems for subordinates
Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spent a total of $75 million to launch mid-calorie sodas The new brands grabbed a combined market share of less than 1 percent. Coke's and PepsiCo's ____ would be responsible for determining that the product should be deleted from each of their product lines.
top management
Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spent a total of $75 million to launch mid-calorie sodas. The new brands grabbed a combined market share of less than 1 percent. Coke's and PepsiCo's ___ would be responsible for determining that the product should be deleted from each of their product lines.
top management
Eastman Kodak owns a company that manufactures dental radiation equipment. The company, which is run as an independent unit, has experienced excessive financial losses the last three years. The ___ for the company would be expected to develop the long-term plans needed to make the company profitable.
top manager
Eastman Kodak owns a company that manufactures dental radiation equipment. The company, which is run as an independent unit, has experienced excessive financial losses the last three years. The ____ for the company would be expected to develop the long-term plans needed to make the company profitable.
top manager
Eastman Kodak owns a company that manufactures dental radiation equipment. the _____ for the company would be expected to develop the long-term plans needed to make the company profitable.
top manager
Refer to Volkswagen. Bernd Pischetsrieder is an example of a:
top manager
what manager would be used for the company would be expected to develop the long-term plans needed to make the company profitable?
top manager
executives responsible for the overall direction of the organization
top managers
Kinds of managers are
top, middle, first-line, and team leaders
Magnitude of consequences
total harm or benefit derived from an ethical decision
3 authorities?
traditional, charismatic, and rational-legal authority
the "great person" theory is another name for the (blank) theory of leadership
trait
A management study discovered that companies that invest in their people will create long-term competitive advantages difficult for other companies to duplicate.
true
Companies look for a total of four sets of skills in individuals to identify potential managers. These desired skills are technical skills, human skills, conceptual skills, and motivation to manage.
true
Companies that plan have larger profits and faster growth than companies that don't.
true
First-line managers are the only managers who do not supervise other managers.
true
Middle managers are typically responsible for coordinating and linking groups, departments, and divisions within a company.
true
Team leaders are responsible for managing both internal team relationships and external relationships with other teams, departments, and divisions in a company.
true
The motivation to manage tends to be higher among managers at higher levels in the organization than it is among managers at lower levels in the organization.
true
Top managers are responsible for creating a climate for change in an organization.
true
Upper-level managers may actually spend more time dealing with people than lower-level managers.
true
a creative work environment requires organizational encouragement and supervisory encouragement as well as work group encouragment
true
according to the principles of scientific management, work and responsibility for the work, should be divided equally between workers and management
true
an intrinsic reward is a reward associated with performing a task or activity for its own sake
true
autonomy is the degree to which workers have the discretion, freedom, and independence to decide how and when to accomplish their jobs.
true
background checks can be used to verify the truthfulness and accuracy of information that applicants provide about themselves
true
both proximal and distal goals are used to provide additional motivation and rewards for employees
true
business confidence indices are a viable alternative to economic statistics for management decision making
true
changes in any sector of the general environment eventually affect most organizations
true
character of the rivarly is a measure of the intensity of competitive behavior between companies in an industry
true
companies look for a total of four sets of skills in individuals to identify potential managers. these desired skills are technical skills, human skills, conceptual skllls, and motivation to change
true
companies that plan have larger profits and faster growth than companies that dont
true
companies that want to sustain a competitive advantage must understand and protect themselves from the strategic threats of innovation
true
deciding where to "go global" is just as important as deciding how your company will go global
true
declaring victory too soon is one of the mistakes managers often make in the refreezing stage of change
true
dominant designs emerge because they solve a practical problem, are a result of the negotiations of independent standards bodies, or because of critical mass
true
encouraging worker participation in goal setting, making goals public, and getting top managment's support are all recommended ways to increase goal commitment in a company.
true
external environments are the focus and events outside a company that have the potential to influence or affect it
true
first-line managers are the only managers who do not supervise other managers
true
for goal-setting theory to motivate employees, mangers must provide frequent, specific, performance-related feedback
true
for punishment to work, the punishment must be strong enough to stop the undesired behavior, and must be administered objectively, impersonally, consistently and contingently, and quickly
true
frequent, informal meetings between top managers and lower-level employees are one of the best ways for top managers to hear what others feel and think
true
human resource management is the process of finding, developing, and keeping the right people for the company
true
in communicating feedback to employees, managers need to recognize that feedback can be constructive or destructive
true
initiating structure leader behavior has also been referred to as "job-centered leadership" and "concern for production" while the leadership behavior of consideration has also been referred to as "concern for people" and "employee-centered leadership."
true
job analysis is a purposeful and systematic process of collecting information on the important work-related aspects of a job
true
leadership is the process of influencing others to achieve group or organizational goals
true
management ideas and practice have been used from the earliest times of recorded history
true
managers with better listening skills are rated as better managers by their employees and are much more likely to be promoted
true
once lower-order needs are satisfied, it is difficult to predict which higher-order needs will motivate behavior
true
one of the simplest, most effective ways to motivate workers is to give them specific, challenging goals that they accept
true
organizational structure is the description of the vertical and horizontal configuration of departments, authority, and jobs within a company
true
resource scarcity is the degree to which an organization's external environment has an abundance or lack of critical organizational resources
true
stakeholders are people or groups with an interest in a company's actions
true
tactial plans specify how a company will use its resources, budgets, and people to accomplish specific goals within its mission
true
teams are typically required when tasks are complex, require multiple perspectives, or require repeated interaction with others to complete.
true
the concept of magnitude of consequences is the total harm or benefit derived from an ethical decision
true
the first step in establishing an ethical climate in a company is for managers to act ethically themselves
true
the general environment consists of the economy and the technological, socio-cultural, and political/legal trends that indirectly affect all organizations
true
the major situuational leadership theories all assume that the effectiveness of any leadership style depends on the situation.
true
the point of integrative conflict resolution is to have both parties indicate their preferences and then work together to find an alternative that meets the needs of both
true
the primary difference between leaders and managers is that leaders are concerned with doing the right thing, while mangers are concerned with doing things right
true
the threat of substitute products or services is a measure fo the ease with which customers can find substitutes for an industry's goods or services
true
the two kinds of external organziational environments are the general environment and the specific environment
true
there are four conditions that must be met if a firm's resources are to be used to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. The resources must be valuable, rare, imperfectly imitable, and nonsubstitutable
true
top managers are responsible for creating a climate for change in an organization
true
training provides opportunities for employees to develop the job-specific skills, experience, and knowledge they need to do their jobs or improve their performance
true
under the U.S sentencing commission guidelines, a culpability score is a way of assigning blame to a company
true
under the U.S. sentencing commission guidelines, companies without compliance programs can pay fines many times larger than companies with established compliance programs
true
weber's concept of bureaucratic management supported qualification-based hiring and merit-based promotion
true
Environmental ____ is affected by environmental complexity, change, and resources.
uncertainty
Environmental _____ is affected by environmental complexity, change, and resources.
uncertainty
environemental (what) is affected by environmental complexity, change, and resources.
uncertainty
the term (blank) is used by Hofstede to describe the degree to which people in a country are uncomfortable with unstructured ,ambiguous, and unpredictable situations
uncertainty avoidance
Recent court cases involving have helped to make business ____ ethics a matter of public concern.
unethical behavior
Property deviance
unethical behavior aimed at the organization's property or products
Production deviance
unethical behavior that hurt the quality and quantity of work produced
Workplace deviance
unethical behavior that violates organizational norms about right and wrong
the three steps in the basic process of managing organizational change outlined by Kurt Lewin are ?
unfreezing, change intervention, and refreezing
According to Henri Fayol's fourteen principles of management, _____ means that each employee should report to and receive orders from just one boss.
unity of command
as a result of their structures, matrix organizations automatically violate the principle of what?
unity of command
After their first year of managerial experience, managers tend to:
use more positive reinforcement
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth are important to management because they _____ .
used motion studies to eliminate unnecessary or repetitive motions from the workplace
Leon Dodd is a member of a self-managed team at Standard Aero Alliance, Inc. (SAAI). His team's top priorities are understanding customer requirements and expectations. It would appear that SAAI is:
using its employees to create a competitive advantage
Leon Dodd is a member of a selfmanaged team at Standard Aero Alliance, Inc. (SAAI). His team's top priorities are understanding customer requirements and expectations. It would appear that SAAI is:
using its employees to create a competitive advantage
Political deviance
using one's influence to harm others in the company
A PROS cooperative is an example of _____________ organization.
virtual
This group of tunnel experts will compromise a ______________.
virtual team
A mace is commonly used at a university or college convocation ceremony. The mace was originally a weapon, then became the symbol of government, and now has become the symbol of authority of the institution to grant diplomas or degrees. In terms of organizational culture, the mace is an example of a(n) ____.
visible artifact
Organizations use behavioral addition, behavioral substitution, and ____ to change their organizational culture.
visible artifacts
When Samsonite purchased American Tourister, one of the first things the new management did was eliminate the American Tourister Gorilla mascot. The gorilla had been a symbol of quality and commitment.
visible artifacts
_____ refer to discernible symbols of an organization's culture, such as the office design and layout, company dress code, and company benefits and perks, like stock options, personal parking spaces, or the private company dining room.
visible artifacts
Visible Artifacts
visible signs of an organization's culture, such as the office design and layout, company dress code, and company benefits and perks, like stock options, personal parking spaces, or the private company dining room
in which of the following cases would written communication be preferable to oral communication?
when messages are straightforward
Synergy
when two or more subsystems working together can produce more than they can working apart
Soldiering
when workers deliberately slow their pace or restrict their work output
Changes in any sector of the general environment ____.
will eventually affect most organizations.
Changes in any sector of the general environment ___________________.
will eventually affect most organizations.
which of the following types of information would typically be collected as part of a job analysis?
work activites, tools and equipment used, knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to do the job, job context
a small number of people with complementary skills who hold themselves mutually accountable for pursuing a common purpose, achieving performance goals, and improving interdependent work processes
work team
