MGMT350 Comprehensive Final Study Guide

______ is NOT one of the three types of formal communication

Grapevine

In the ______ leadership model, a leader makes desirable rewards available in the workplace and clarifies how followers can obtain them.

path-goal

When a grocery store chain adopts a new practice of its competitors by staying open 24 hours a day, requiring employees to work flexible schedules, it is implementing a(n) ______ change.

innovative

Margot enjoys reading to the Kindergarten class at the local elementary school and tutoring math in the third-grade class. She is also a Girl Scout leader with a small group from the same school. How would you describe the feeling she receives from these activities?

intrinsic

Stark Knives has been manufacturing excellent cutlery for over 50 years. Management wants to hang a banner in the employee break room with their mission statement. Which of the following statements would be on that banner?

"We will always provide the highest-quality cutlery at the lowest cost to our customers and always give honest, winning customer service, thereby earning a fair profit for our stakeholders."

_______ is the arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people.

A division of labor

________ is the final stage of group and team development.

Adjourning

Which of the following is not one of the questions Hamel suggests be asked to identify what are the core beliefs that people have about an organization?

Are the visions of high-level management reflected in this belief?

Why should you encourage Dionne to use groups to make decisions?

Because groups have a greater pool of knowledge

Stores of data that are so vast that conventional database management systems cannot handle them, and very sophisticated analysis software and supercomputing-level hardware are required, are known as ____. These data include not only data in corporate databases but also web-browsing data trails, social network communications, sensor data, and surveillance data.

Big Data

Which of the following is NOT a reason why control is needed?

Control allows one to maintain authority over employees.

______ is the notion that corporations are expected to go above and beyond following the law and making a profit to help society.

Corporate social responsibility

______ proposed people were driven by the three innate needs of competence, autonomy, and relatedness.

Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory

______ occurs when people perceive they are being attacked or threatened.

Defensiveness

_____ is the process of analyzing the underlying causes.

Diagnosis

A business plan is a tool used by the federal government to determine how to strengthen the business sector through macroeconomics and microeconomics.

False

A local university is facing some tough decisions, so they are using the decision tree, which contains individuals, websites, and organizations that specialize in handling sensitive and difficult decisions.

False

A person's emotional stability refers to how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded he or she is.

False

A social audit is a systematic assessment of employee happiness within a company.

False

According to Chester I. Barnard, an organization is made up of at least one person who strives daily to achieve the organization's goals. Group startsTrue or False

False

After 20 years on the job, Melanie retired. For several different reasons, the company decided not to replace Melanie with someone else. This is an example of turnover for a company.

False

After a customer buys a computer or receives service from Tech Geek, a service representative contacts each customer to conduct a survey. The survey information is a form of output.

False

Arbitration is the process in which a neutral third party, a mediator, listens to both sides in a dispute, makes suggestions, and encourages them to agree on a solution.

False

Behavioral science includes the fields of psychology, marketing, accounting, and geology.

False

Being aware of your decision-making style does not really help you determine your strengths and weaknesses as a decision maker, but it can help you understand when a decision needs to be made.

False

Controlling is the arranging of jobs, people, and other resources to accomplish tasks and responsibilities.

False

Critical thinkers make quick or rash decisions during the planning process.

False

During the annual planning meeting, Anastasia, president of a Fortune 500 company, discussed with the upper management the strategic goal of expanding company operations across the globe. This long-term vision by Anastasia is an example of e-commerce.

False

Efficiency and effectiveness mean using resources—people, money, raw materials, and the like—wisely and cost-effectively.

False

Evidence-based management includes treating your organization as a finished prototype.

False

For Xiomara's end-of-year performance appraisal, her supervisor solicited feedback from three of Xiomara's coworkers, the manager of the customer-service department, several of Xiomara's clients, and even a few employees in other departments with whom she worked recently. Xiomara's performance appraisal is an example of an employee survey.

False

Improvement innovations refer to the invention of breakthrough products or services that don't exist yet and that are aimed at creating brand-new markets and customers.

False

In Dr. De Bono's Six Thinking Hats, the Red Hat concentrates on positivity and optimism.

False

In an organic organization, tasks and rules are clearly specified.

False

In the management process, the organizing stage includes setting goals and deciding how to achieve them.

False

In two-tier wage contracts, veteran employees are paid less or receive fewer benefits than new employees.

False

Max Weber believed that a company that is a bureaucracy never achieves a competitive advantage because it is inefficient and is plagued with management problems.

False

Max, an employee for a government shipping contractor, likes the strict culture that he finds with Trask Industries, which supplies equipment parts to several naval bases. There is very little focus on the external environment and little company flexibility due to the type of customers that Trask serves. Because the product it sells needs little improvement and there is virtually no competition, Trask Industries takes few risks. Trask Industries is an example of an adhocracy culture.

False

Mintzberg concluded that managers play three broad types of roles: interpersonal, analytical, and critical.

False

Paige and Parker are writing their values statement for their new consignment shop, Then & Now. Because they want their employees and business to grow and reach goals, Then & Now's values statement should be positive and inspiring, describing what the organization stands for and its core priorities.

False

Quantitative management emphasizes the use of accounting to provide the needed internal controls related to inventory.

False

Several studies found that strategic planning does not benefit smaller companies, as they very seldom see improvements in financial performance from this type of planning.

False

Strategic positioning involves performing the same activities as rivals in a similar way, but at a lower cost.

False

The American research committee that promoted one world government and one world economy was known as the GLOBE project.

False

The IT network that allows for the movement of organizational information within that company is known as the organizational structure. Group startsTrue or False

False

The managers of a car dealership have decided to utilize the Hawthorne effect to increase productivity, which means using cameras to film employees at work in order to isolate the parts of a job.

False

The planning/control cycle is an order planning system in which employees work with customers to plan orders and discuss delivery times.

False

The term learning organization is used to describe organizations in the educational and nonprofit industries.

False

There are two levels of management in an organization: top and first-line.

False

To reduce the escalation of commitment, Shannon, the CEO, allows herself to be very influenced by the way a problem with her team is presented to her.

False

When Juanita meets regularly with her workers to provide encouraging words so that they work hard to achieve the company's goals, she is engaged in the management function of controlling.

False

When a company improves the packaging of its product, it is introducing a radically innovative change.

False

Imani, the CEO of Dynamic Health, wants managers and employees to instruct each other about the organization's chosen values and beliefs. Imani wants to embed the company culture throughout. Which of the following would be encouraged by Imani?

George tells a story about a time when the company was first starting out and how the employees banded together.

The father of industrial psychology is

Hugo Munsterberg.

______ consists of the activities that managers perform to plan for, attract, develop, and retain an effective workforce.

Human resource management

_____ is the set of processes and managerial behaviors that involve defining, monitoring, measuring, evaluating, and providing consequences for performance expectations.

Performance management

________ is setting goals and deciding how to achieve them

Planning

Which of the following activities will NOT help you develop ethical behavior?

Purchase cheaper products.

__________ power, which all managers have, is power that results from a manager's authority to offer praise and pay raises, even promotions to his or her subordinates.

Reward

Pietro, the county sheriff, told his deputies to "Think big and endeavor to be more detailed and caring while at work and in setting goals. Therefore, when you give me your goals, I want them to be specific, measurable, attainable, results-oriented, and have target dates." Pietro was asking for his deputies'

SMART goals.

Jim and his partner are studying the strengths and weaknesses of their construction business, Open Concept Construction, as well as researching the opportunities and threats in the external environment. Jim and his partner are conducting a

SWOT analysis.

______ leaders focus on providing increased service to others—meeting the goals of both followers and the organization—rather than to themselves.

Servant

Dionne has been very careful to work with her team to finalize next year's goals. She has taken the process seriously and now wants to make sure that others do their part. She is insisting that all employees follow instructions fully and completely. How would you describe the management function that Dionne is now engaging in?

She is in the controlling function because she is concerned with seeing that the right things happen at the right time.

It is important to keep an open mind and suspend judgement when developing a proactive learning orientation. Which of the following is not a key skill that would demonstrate your open-mindedness?

Show your emotions and challenge tasks.

______________ require(s) a long-term orientation.

Strategic planning

__________ is the last step in the control process.

Take corrective action if necessary

When the two newly hired analysts compared notes, they found that their interviews had been quite different. Each was long and involved, but the content of the questions varied based on previous employment and education. Why would the interviews have been so different?

They were unstructured interviews.

A distributor is a person or an organization that helps another company sell its goods and services to customers. Distributors are considered external stakeholders.

True

A stability strategy is a grand strategy that involves little or no significant organizational change. For example, Forever and Ever is a jewelry store that sells only one type of item: engagement and wedding rings. The management of Forever and Ever does not plan to branch out into selling different types of jewelry; the company has a reputation for being the go-to store to purchase wedding rings, and it plans to maintain that strategy.

True

Bridget, the youngest owner of a family-owned restaurant, wants to make sure her company's culture is embedded in their organization. In a recent tradeshow workshop, she learned that she can do this by having company rites and rituals, continuing to tell stories about company legends, and being a role model to her employees.

True

Chelsea, a middle manager for a large clothing chain, received an e-mail from the CEO outlining the new goal of decreasing company costs over the next three years. This is an example of a strategic goal.

True

Conflict is a perfectly normal state of affairs.

True

During a management workshop, Gerald, the HR manager, spoke about making decisions related to firing an employee. He said, "I have several rules of thumb that I use to make a decision. First, I ask if it's legal and then if it's ethical." He then laid out several other steps he uses in the decision-making process related to firing. Gerald's "rules of thumb" are also known as heuristics. Group startsTrue or Fals

True

Dynamic Apps is an organization specializing in highly specialized technology software, but it found that its original business idea is not working. Rather than failing as a company, it chose a new direction and rewrote its business plan. Dynamic Apps is an example of how managers need to think and act as if their organization is an unfinished, changeable prototype that won't be ruined by dangerous new ideas

True

Edward feels that inefficiency is the cause of increased costs in his production facility. Therefore, he is interested in making improvements in his factory by utilizing all the components of the facility's system: inputs, outputs, transformational processes, and feedback.

True

Evidence-based management includes making decisions based on what actually works versus what ought to work.

True

In sexual harassment, the harasser may be a(n) outsider, coworker, supervisor, or someone of the same sex.

True

In the office of every general manager of Sleep Tight Motels there is a small poster that reads, "We want to become the only place our customers want to stay for the night while traveling." This is the vision statement for Sleep Tight Motels.

True

Julio is developing a new employee schedule for his pool care service due to the increase in business during the summer. While doing this, Julio is involved in organizing.

True

Mark, a retired doctor, is interested in starting an international nonprofit organization that will include doctors and other medical professionals who travel to low-income areas in the United States and internationally to assist with medical needs and open hospitals. Mark's organization is an example of a multinational organization.

True

McAllister's Fruit Farm is one of several stores in the county where customers can purchase locally grown fruits and vegetables. However, Mrs. McAllister also offers weekly workshops in her store on topics such as canning, healthy eating, and how to grow a garden, which no other store in the county does. By offering these unique workshops, the McAllisters are engaging in strategic positioning.

True

Onboarding programs help employees to integrate and transition to new jobs by making them familiar with corporate policies, procedures, cultures, and politics by clarifying work-role expectations and responsibilities

True

Optimistic people attempt to change or influence a decision or they adapt and move on.

True

Research shows that most managers have characteristics that fall into two or three decision-making styles, and that decision-making styles vary across occupations, job level, and countries.

True

Strategic management is a process in the formulation, implementation, and execution of strategies and strategic goals to advance the purposes of the organization.

True

Strategy formulation is the process of choosing among different strategies and altering them to best fit the organization's needs.

True

The global village refers to the "shrinking" of time and space as air travel and the electronic media have made it easier for people worldwide to communicate with one another. Group starts

True

The human relations movement proposed that better human relations could increase worker productivity.

True

The owners of a computer repair shop want to better formulate strategies, so they are doing a SWOT analysis to understand the strengths and weaknesses within their company and the opportunities and threats of the external environment. These are some of the benefits of doing a SWOT analysis.

True

The world is becoming one market instead of many national ones.

True

Total quality management (TQM) is a comprehensive approach led by top management and supported throughout the organization that is dedicated to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer satisfaction.

True

When Pietro, a new restaurant owner, is determining which products to offer on his menu, he is involved in the management function of planning.

True

When managers and employees within the same department are brought together in cross-functional teams to solve particular problems, their company is using a team-based design.

True

Which of the following is an example of downward communication?

a manager's feedback about a subordinate's performance

A goal is

a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a stated period of time.

While setting up their corporation, Hiro and Mea implement a system of governing their organization so that the interests of corporate owners and other stakeholders are protected. Hiro and Mea have set up

a system of corporate governance.

Mr. Gonzalez, the sales manager, told his sales team that he wanted them to write down their work goals for the year. To help his team achieve their stated goals, the next thing that he should ask for are each team member's

action plan.

The question "What was the best idea you ever sold to a supervisor, teacher, peer, or subordinate?" would be used in which type of interview situation?

behavioral-description interview

Gamma Manufacturing employs some of the top professionals in its field, and because of their skills and experience, Gamma is highly efficient and outperforms its competitors. Gamma Manufacturing has a(n) ____ over its competition.

competitive advantage

Within her company, Nadine utilizes a management style that varies according to the individual and environmental situation, with a strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production. She has also set up a system with inputs, outputs, transformation processes, and feedback. Nadine's management perspective is best described as

contemporary.

According to the integrated model, motivation is affected by both personal factors and ________ ones.

contextual

All of the following are contextual factors in the integrated model of motivation EXCEPT

core self-evaluations.

A ____ is a graph of decisions and their possible consequences.

decision tree

The organizational development (OD) process has three steps: ___________, accompanied by feedback.

diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation

Manuel, a supervisor, is known by his managers to be sharp in his decisions and has a good track record of meeting his goals. Manuel is a(n) ____ manager.

effective

Cynthia, the human resources manager, has significant experience handling ethical issues in the workplace. Over the years she has received extensive training in matters of workplace ethics. Due to Cynthia's legal background (she is a member of the local bar association), the management of her company rely on Cynthia to assist them with legal issues, especially with ethical dilemmas. The ideal role for Cynthia within the organization is

ethics officer.

Managers who believe that their native country, culture, language, and behavior are superior to all others are ____ managers.

ethnocentric

Espoused values are

explicitly stated values and norms preferred by an organization.

Jameson's Furniture in Tennessee produces high-quality furniture and ships its products to customers in over 40 countries. Jameson's Furniture is ______ its products.

exporting

Which type of communication is highest in media richness?

face-to-face

Employees resist change for all the following reasons EXCEPT

faith in change agent's intentions.

Kendall's Home Decorators believes that the demand for its services will expand greatly because a real-estate developer has just purchased 100 acres in town. The developer is planning to build 1,000 condominium units on the property. The managers of Kendall's Home Decorators are making a projection for the future, also known as a

forecast.

Omar, who works as a waiter in a top restaurant in Manhattan, likes the fast pace of his work and the fact that things are always changing there. Omar can be said to

have a high tolerance for ambiguity.

Abraham Maslow's listing of physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization needs, and his belief that some of these needs must be satisfied before others, was proposed in his

hierarchy of human needs.

The owners of a local deli routinely try to develop new menu items and seek better ways of helping their customers; this is an example of

innovation.

At Flat Rock Real Estate, employees work together to achieve the company goals and purposes. This group of employees

is an organization.

A national sales organization has implemented sets of training courses on its intranet, with a link that allows employees to find and share answers to questions that arise with customers. A system that allows the sharing of knowledge and information throughout an organization is known as

knowledge management.

Which of the following is NOT a key quality displayed by humble leaders?

low self-awareness

Omar works diligently to accomplish the company goals in an efficient and effective manner, utilizing his employees through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling company resources. Omar is

managing

The telephone you use to speak to another person is an example of which part of the communication process?

medium

Hunter, who is starting a painting business, plans to write down the purpose of his painting business and his company's reason for being. Hunter is writing his

mission statement.

Frank is a CPA who became interested in helping adults in some of the poorer neighborhoods file their taxes. He plans to start a tax filing center in a low-income area to help residents file their taxes at no cost. Frank's center is an example of a(n)

nonprofit organization.

Although ______ are typically unwritten and seldom discussed openly, they have a powerful influence on group and organizational behavior.

norms

A company dress code and award ceremonies would be part of

observable artifacts.

Technology-enhanced learning is usually a form of

off-the-job learning and development.

Samantha is the return desk coordinator in a department store, and she has set a goal this month of finishing her daily office work quicker so she can assist at the Return Desk earlier in the morning. She knows this will also help decrease theft, which will assist the company in achieving its goal of decreasing costs. Samantha's goal of finishing her office work quicker is a(n)

operational goal

Stars are _____, according to the BCG matrix. Stars have included Apple and the diamond company DeBeers.

organizations with high growth and high market share which are definite keepers

Salaried executive, administrative, and professional employees are exempt from ______ rules.

overtime

The triple bottom line represents ______, also known as the ____.

people, planet, and profit; 3 Ps

Evan and Sia Steele are wealthy entrepreneurs who are very interested in helping children who have been abused. What philosophy would they choose to implement?

philanthropy

A(n) ________ is a standing plan that outlines the general response to a designated problem or situation.

policy

An organization should adopt planning and strategic management to

provide direction and momentum, encourage new ideas, and develop a sustainable competitive advantage.

Hayley, a restaurant manager, has been observing and analyzing the work process of the cooks, servers, and bussers because she would like to increase their productivity. Hayley is engaging in ____ management.

scientific

Applications, résumés, interviews, and employment tests are all ______ tools.

selection

Sophie, a shift manager in a shoe store, has 40 employees on her shift that she directly supervises. The 40 workers who report directly to Sophie represent her

span of control.

A hierarchy culture has an internal focus; it values ____ over flexibility.

stability and control

Adam, the owner of The Toy Box (a toy store), has chosen his products carefully. They are all handmade of wood; none are cheap games made of cardboard and paper. He knows he will be selling his toys to both adults and children; for example, his expensive chess and backgammon sets are quite expensive because the board and pieces are all made of wood by local artists and craftsmen. He knows that his customer base will not include parents who are looking for an inexpensive toy for their children or to give as a birthday gift; there is another store in town that offers mass-produced games. As part of his marketing outreach, Adam offers "game nights" where he sets up game boards and invites local teens and adults to take part in light-hearted competitions, where the winners receive a 10 percent discount to a game at the Toy Box. All of Adam's activities are aimed at giving Adam a sustainable competitive advantage through

strategic positioning.

When building a new residential development or mall, a national real estate organization typically does not remove many trees, basing its decision on the belief that natural resources are limited, and we need to not compromise the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This management philosophy is known as

sustainability

Resistance to organizational change is considered to be the interaction of three causes: employee characteristics, change agent characteristics, and

the change agent-employee relationship.

Kenneth, the plant manager, was talking with another manager about Brendan, the lead engineer in the corporate R & D department. Kenneth remarked, "Brendan is so bright, and he is an expert in designing products. But like so many experts, he can't imagine what it's like to be as ignorant as the rest of us. I think at times, he cannot see things from an outsider's perspective." Brendan is suffering from

the curse of knowledge.

To explain how to initiate, manage, and stabilize planned change, Kurt Lewin developed a model with three stages. Choose the correct three.

unfreeze, change, and refreeze

Employers must consider an employment test's ______, meaning whether or not it measures what it purports to measure and is free of bias.

validity

The chain of command is also known as the

vertical hierarchy.

Siobhan often watches YouTube videos and is on Facebook while at work. She does not think it is an issue as she gets all her work done. After all, it does not cost the company to have her on the Internet, right? Siobhan is

violating corporate Internet policies.

The classical management viewpoint emphasized

ways to manage work more efficiently.

An organization's vision statement states _____. For example, the Cleveland Clinic's vision statement says that it "strives to be the world's leader in patient experience, clinical outcomes, research, and education."

what the company wants to become and where it wants to go strategically

Today, teamwork is considered the cornerstone of future management.

True

Using the SMART framework is a helpful way to state your Wildly Important Goal.

True

A company that works to create a culture that encourages rank-and-file employees to make suggestions, question the status quo, and also measure employee growth, is developing which perspective of the balanced scorecard?

innovation and learning perspective

The six areas of organizational control include _____, physical, informational, financial, structural, and cultural.

human

The PDCA cycle is part of

Deming management.

Which of the following is considered a "soft" tactic used to influence others?

ingratiating tactics

Medical knowledge possessed by doctors results in their ______ power.

Expert

A rich medium is more effective with routine situations.

False

Adaptive change is the introduction of a practice that is new to the organization.

False

As part of their strategic control of the organization, the CEO and senior managers at Ford review the daily performance of the company's suppliers to determine which should be kept.

False

Collaboration and teamwork are the same thing.

False

Control systems affect each other and thus must remain independent of each other.

False

Darla is quiet and shy and does not enjoy interacting with others unless it is strictly for a work project. Her supervisor, Ted, is sending her to a networking event where he hopes Darla will make connections with new clients. Based on Darla's attitude, Ted is making the correct choice by sending her.

False

Defensive communication tends to be more effective than nondefensive communication.

False

Encoding means interpreting and trying to make sense of a message.

False

Fiedler's contingency leadership model argues that leadership behaviors should be determined by position power only.

False

In adjourning, conflicts are resolved, close relationships develop, and unity and harmony emerge.

False

Job enlargement enables workers to focus on doing more of the same task to increase productivity.

False

Leadership is the ability to marshal human, informational, and other resources to get something done.

False

Management by measurement is a control principle that states that managers should be informed of a situation only if data show a significant deviation from standards.

False

Members of a group that are asking "What's next?" are in the performing stage of team development.

False

Narcissism is a key positive leadership trait.

False

OD intervention strategies that are successful in one country are highly likely to be successfully applied in other countries.

False

Organizational development managers and consultants follow a moving vehicle model.

False

Research reveals that emotional people tend to be more satisfied with their jobs, committed to their employer, and produce more work than conscientious individuals.

False

The Dunning-Kruger effect is a cognitive bias whereby people who are competent at something are unable to recognize their own competence. And not only do they fail to recognize their own competence, they're also likely to feel that they actually are incompetent.

False

The metaphor for an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from being promoted to top executive jobs is the steel curtain.

False

The result of too much conflict in the workplace is usually indolence.

False

The unofficial communication system of the informal organization, a system of gossip and rumor, is known as jargon.

False

Thought is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment.

False

Trust in the workplace is based on authority and control.

False

Undocumented immigrants make up about 20 percent of the U.S. workforce.

False

When you encounter a medium barrier, the recipient of the message doesn't respond enough.

False

When you grandstand and boast about your greatness, you are promoting yourself.

False

The goal-setting theory suggests that employees can be motivated by goals that are specific and challenging, but achievable.

True

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a successful control system?

It is inflexible.

Which of the following is a good tip for being an effective writer?

Keep it simple; use short words, sentences, and phrases.

______ focuses on problem-solving and performance improvement, or speed with excellence, of a well-defined project.

Lean Six Sigma

The income statement summarizes an organization's financial results, its revenues and expenses, over a specified period of time such as a quarter or a year.

True

____________ is(are) defined as those stable psychological and behavioral attributes that give you your identity.

Personality

_______ is NOT a relationship-oriented behavior.

Political maneuvering

Which of the following is NOT a recommended way to manage innovation and change?

Prevent failure at all cost.

Kendall frequently requests meetings between her team and counterparts in San Bernardino. She often spots issues that will affect both groups and wants to work openly on coordination so there are no surprises for anyone. How would you describe the role Kendall plays?

She is playing a task role.

Which of the following is NOT a current trend in the contemporary world?

Spending on health and wellness is decreasing.

Which of the following statements is NOT a practical implication of the behavioral approaches to leadership?

There is one best style of leadership.

The systems model of change consists of three parts: inputs, target elements of change, and outputs.

True

There are two different approaches to job design. The traditional approach to job design is to fit people to the jobs; the modern way is to fit the jobs to the people.

True

______ leadership helps employees pursue organizational goals over self-interests.

Transformational

_____ is the intervention phase of the OD process.

Treatment

A person who scores high on the conscientiousness dimension is typically dependable, persistent, and oriented toward achievement.

True

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, taking a sabbatical leave to further personal growth is an example of the self-actualization need.

True

Assuming they have choices, people will make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it.

True

Communication is a process consisting of "a sender transmitting a message through media to a receiver who responds."

True

External communication flows between people inside and outside the organization, including stakeholders such as customers, suppliers, shareholders, or other owners, and so on.

True

Gestures such as constructive statements about the department, expression of personal interest in the work of others, suggestions for improvement, training of new people, the caring for organizational property, and punctuality and attendance well beyond standard or enforceable levels are examples of organizational citizenship behaviors.

True

In general, job satisfaction today is at an impressively high 89 percent.

True

In recent years, productivity has been declining globally.

True

LinkedIn is the most popular and effective social media for recruiting.

True

Low self-efficacy is associated with learned helplessness, the debilitating lack of faith in one's ability to control one's environment.

True

One violation of privacy is identity theft, a downside of the digital age.

True

Personality conflict is defined as interpersonal opposition based on personal dislike or disagreement.

True

Role ambiguity occurs when a job description and criteria for promotion are vague.

True

Studies have shown that about 70 percent of workplace learning is informal.

True

Team composition reflects the collection of jobs, personalities, values, knowledge, experience, and skills of team members.

True

The best leaders display both transactional and transformational leadership styles.

True

"I'm going to buy a Ford to support the U.S. auto industry" is an example of which component of attitude?

behavioral

When one department store authorized thousands of its sales clerks to handle functions normally reserved for store managers, such as handling merchandise-return problems and approving customers' checks, they gave them more responsibility, a job _________ technique.

enrichment

According to Victor Vroom, the three primary elements that determine how willing an employee is to work hard at tasks important to an organization are

expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.

When physically attractive people are also assumed to be smarter and nicer, which perception distortion has occurred?

halo effect

All of the following are informal aspects of the workplace EXCEPT

hierarchy

Kylie has been practicing repeating phrases such as, "I know I don't wear the latest fashions, but I am comfortable. Surely others feel like I do." Her boss has also told her to consider meditation as it can help her practice these

self-affirmations.

According to ______ theory, competence, autonomy, and relatedness are the primary motivations for behavior.

self-determination

In ______ teams, there is an expectation of increased productivity and quality of work life because employees are delegated greater authority and granted increased autonomy.

self-managed

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight leadership styles proposed by the revised path-goal theory?

servant leadership

Empathy and organizational intuition are a part of which emotional intelligence (EI) trait?

social awareness

A ________ could be a collection of five employees who are studying industry pay scales, with the goal of making recommendations for adjusting pay grades within their company.

team

Which of the following is a motivating factor according to Herzberg's two-factor theory?

the work itself

The two core principles of TQM are

uniform focus on delivering customer value and continuous improvement of work processes.

According to expectancy theory, your ______ is low if you don't think a bonus or raise is going to be big enough to justify working evenings and weekends.

valence