MGMT371: chapter 2

What percentage of businesses had implemented strategies for sustainable development in 2017?

60%

By adopting the systems viewpoint, you can visualize your organization as which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.)

A collection of subsystems A part of the larger environment

What are two types of outputs according to the systems viewpoint?

Employee satisfaction Finished products

What are the branches of quantitative management?

Evidence-based management Operations management

What is the major contribution of McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y to management?

Managers should understand how their beliefs affect their behavior.

Identify the two theorists who contributed the most to the human relations movement.

McGregor Maslow

_____ management focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively.

Operations

True or false: Frederick Taylor is associated with the scientific management approach to management.

True

Theory X and Theory Y underscore the idea that manager behaviors are impacted by their _____.

beliefs

A characteristic of a(n) _____ system is that it receives very little feedback from outside sources.

closed

What should an individual consider learning about a company before going to a job interview? (Choose every correct answer.)

company's core values and culture company mission and vision statements

The original focus of the Hawthorne studies was the:

effects of lighting levels on worker productivity.

In order to follow Mary Parker Follett's concept of integration, a company should ______.

hold meetings between managers and workers to solve problems in a mutually beneficial way

A system is a set of _____ parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose.

interrelated

A _______ organization actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge.

learning

Systems that have continual interaction with their environment are known as _____ systems.

open

The application of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations, to management is called _____ management.

quantitative

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's personal life helped them develop ideas about improving efficiency because they

raised 12 children.

An open system fosters the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is known as _____.

synergy

A set of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose is called a(n) _____.

system

Henri Fayol is credited with being the first person to ______ management behavior.

systematize

Complexity theory is an offshoot of the _____ viewpoint because it is the study of how multiple chaotic processes arise into pattern and order.

systems

The ______ viewpoint regards the organization as arrangements of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose.

systems

According to the systems viewpoint, the part of a system that involves turning raw materials and knowledge into a new and different product or service is called _____.

transformational processes

Maslow's hierarchy of needs resulted from the study of ______.

what motivates people to perform

Operations management does which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.)

Assists managers with decisions regarding how to achieve the highest quality goods and services Plays an important role in managing the supply chain Governs managers' decisions about how to increase productivity and efficiency

Which approach to management relies upon research in psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics in order to develop theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers?

Behavioral science

What is the focus of PRME?

Business education

_____ approaches to management include learning organizations, high-performance work practices, and sustainable development.

Contemporary

Which management viewpoint asks the question, "What method is the best to use under these particular circumstances?"

Contingency

Renata is using the systems perspective to analyze her company. Which of the following should be included in her input analysis?

Equipment

What are Taylor's principles of scientific management?

Evaluate a task by scientifically studying each part of it. Carefully select workers with the right abilities for the task.

____ management encourages managers to make facts and logic the foundation of their approach to decision-making.

Evidence-based

What are primary concerns of shared value and sustainable development?

Global equilibrium Environmental effects Social impacts

The _____ studies are credited with drawing attention to the importance of the social nature of workers and the need for good human relations in fostering employee productivity.

Hawthorne

What are the contemporary approaches to management?

High-performance practices Learning organizations Shared value and sustainable development

Who is known as the "father of industrial psychology" because of his revolutionary ideas on studying human behavior in workplaces?

Hugo Munsterberg

In which ways did Munsterberg suggest that psychologists could contribute to industry? (Choose every correct answer.)

Identify ways managers can encourage employees to take desired actions. Recognize the psychological conditions necessary for employees to do their best work. Identify the people who are best suited for a job.

Within the systems viewpoint, what four things are considered parts of a system? (Choose every correct answer.)

Inputs Transformational processes Feedback Outputs

What are issues with the classical viewpoint? (Choose every correct answer.)

It fails to account for the importance of human needs. It is overly mechanistic. It views humans as cogs in a machine.

Which of the following statements are true about the classical perspective of management?

It had two branches - scientific and administrative. It assumed that people were rational. It emphasized finding ways to manage work more efficiently.

Which statement regarding a closed system is accurate?

It has little interaction with its environment.

Which of the following are true about complexity theory?

It is used in strategic management and organizational studies. It seeks to understand how organizations adapt to their environments. It is the study of how order and pattern arise from complicated, chaotic systems. It recognizes that all complex systems are networks of many interdependent parts that interact according to certain simple rules.

Which individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory? (Choose every correct answer.)

Max Weber Henri Fayol Charles Clinton Spaulding

Select all of the positive features of bureaucracy according to Max Weber. (Choose every correct answer.)

Merit-based careers Impersonality Formal rules and procedures Specialists for complex tasks Clear hierarchy

Which of the following are the major parts of creating learning organizations? (Choose every correct answer.)

Modify behavior to use knowledge Create and acquire knowledge Transfer knowledge

According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?

Money Equipment People

Maslow's hierarchy of human needs proposes that people are motivated by which needs? (Choose every correct answer.)

Physiological Love Esteem Self-actualization Safety

What four disciplines are included in the behavioral science approach to management?

Sociology Economics Psychology Anthropology

The management approach of _____ was one of the first to recognize that enriching the lives of organizational and community family was just as important as a company making a profit?

Spaulding

According to the Hawthorne effect hypothesized by Mayo and colleagues, when did employees work harder? (Choose every correct answer.)

They believed supervisors paid special attention to them. They thought managers cared about their welfare. They received added attention.

What technique did Frank and Lillian Gilbreth use to expand on Taylor's motion studies?

They filmed workers to isolate parts of a job.

What organization launched the PRME?

United Nations

Which of these statements represent ideas that Peter Drucker introduced in his book The Practice of Management?

Without customers, businesses wouldn't exist. A corporation can be thought of as a human community. Employees should be treated as assets.

A supervisor who considers employees to be irresponsible and resistant to change would be characterized as a Theory _______ manager.

X

If you believe your employees are capable of taking on responsibility with sufficient self-direction and self-control, you are a Theory ___ manager.

Y

Which of the following are accurate regarding the importance of learning about a company's mission and vision statements before a job interview? (Choose every correct answer.)

You will be a better fit for a company if you support their mission and vision statements. These statements tell you what the company wants to achieve over time. These statements tell you why the company exists.

A learning organization: (Choose every correct answer.)

actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge

Theory X and Theory Y focus on managers'

attitudes

McGregor developed Theory X and Theory Y based on the realization that managers should _____.

be aware of their attitudes toward employees

The _____ viewpoint places emphasis on the importance of understanding the actions of humans and the motivation and encouragement of employees toward achievement?

behavioral

Max Weber said that a better-performing organization should have five positive _____ features including a clear hierarchy, formal procedures, clear division of labor, impersonality, and merit-based careers.

bureaucratic

According to the ____ viewpoint, a management problem should be handled according to the individual and the environmental situation.

contingency

Frederick Taylor believed that more efficient workers should be paid higher wages than their lower-performing coworkers, a system referred to as the _______ system.

differential rate

Mary Parker Follett felt that managers should act as ______ rather than dictators.

facilitators

Cheyenne has a small bakery specializing in gourmet cupcakes. In response to customer demand, she has added gluten-free cupcakes to her menu. This customer demand would be characterized as _____.

feedback

In terms of the systems viewpoint, _______ is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs.

feedback

Maslow and McGregor focused on the study of ______ as it relates to increasing worker productivity.

human relations

Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of _____.

individual workers

According to the systems perspective, transformational processes are responsible for turning

inputs into outputs.

The scientific approach to management emerged in the early 20th century when companies wished to increase worker productivity to counteract _____.

labor shortages

Theory X managers view workers as

lacking ambition

In order to build a _____ organization, managers must build a commitment to acquiring knowledge, transferring knowledge, and modifying behavior.

learning

Today, the word bureaucracy is associated with inflexibility. But to Max Weber, a bureaucracy was an efficient and ideal organization based on principles of _____.

logic

The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to ______.

manage work more efficiently

Peter Drucker is credited with providing the first modern handbook on the subject of ______.

management

When Mary Parker Follett referred to the use of "communities" within an organization, she meant that ______.

managers and subordinates should work together to solve issues

One issue with the classical viewpoint is that it tends to view humans as cogs in a machine, thereby rendering it overly _____.

mechanistic

Charles Clinton Spaulding, one of the pioneering theorists of administrative management, proposed eight _____ of management based in part on his childhood experiences working at his father's fields.

necessities

In terms of the systems viewpoint, profits and losses are types of _______.

outputs

According to Henri Fayol, what are the major functions of management? (Choose every correct answer.)

planning organizing leading controlling

The four parts of a system include all of the following EXCEPT ______.

quality

As a pioneer of administrative management, Max Weber contended that bureaucracies were

rational.

Evidence-based management focuses on bringing _____ to the decision process.

rationality

What are the two branches of the classical viewpoint of management?

scientific administrative

The third and fourth principles of _____ suggest that organizations should give workers the training and incentives to do their tasks properly, and should use scientific principles to plan work methods and ease the way for workers to do their jobs.

scientific management

Theory Y managers view workers as which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.)

self-directed accepting of responsibility imaginative and creative

Mary Parker Follett would agree with today's concept of _____.

self-managed teams

The Hawthorne studies are credited with drawing attention to the importance of people as _____.

social beings

Organizations that prioritize creating shared value are not only concerned with their shareholders but also with their _____.

stakeholders

Based on a systems viewpoint, the health science, finance, and journalism departments of a university are examples of ______.s

subsystems

The various parts that make up a complete system are commonly known as

subsystems

Shared value and _________ development consider environmental and social effects of business as well as profit.

sustainable

The behavioral management viewpoint emphasized

the importance of understanding human behavior and motivating employees to achieve

Administrative management is concerned with managing:

the total organization.