MGT 300 Exam 1

Type A Personality

A behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be ambitious, assertive, goal oriented, impatient, determined, highly organized, competitive, and aggressive.

Type B Personality

A behavioral pattern where individuals tend to be more patient, relaxed, easygoing, and more sensitive to the feelings of others.

functional team

A formal, longstanding working group organized around specific tasks, processes, or roles.

Cross-functional team

A formal, longstanding working group with representation from diverse divisions, departments, and levels of authority.

stages of group development

A four-stage process by which teams become more effective and efficient over time; the stages are Forming, Storming, Norming, and Performing.

management team

A functional or cross-functional working group of managers formed to plan, organize, lead, and control organizational performance.

Negative Affectivity (NA)

A general dimension of personality where an individual experiences negative mood states, such as anger, disgust, fear, and anxiety.

burnout

A physical or mental reaction due to stressful and demanding working conditions

Machiavellianism

A pragmatic management philosophy that condones unethical and manipulative behavior if it produces desirable results.

role structure

A prescribed set of behavioral and performance expectations for a position or job.

teaming

A process whereby an adaptive working group is formed to address unexpected environmental changes, challenges, and opportunities.

General adaptation syndrome (GAS)

A set of physiological reactions to long-term stress that can be grouped into three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

quality circle

A working group comprised of management and staff with the purpose of minimizing performance errors and variance.

task-based team

A working group established to accomplish a specific objective, with a tightly defined time frame for completion.

formal team

A working group formed by an organization's management to achieve specific, agreed-upon strategies, plans, and outcomes.

problem-solving team

A working group formed to minimize the negative impacts of a specific organizational challenge.

virtual team

A working group that conducts the majority of its collaborations via electronic communications.

informal team

A working group, generally not intended to be permanent, formed by team members to accomplish self-defined tasks and objectives.

Which of the following is MOST true of team conflict? A) It can easily escalate and lead to low organizational performance. B) It is inevitable and should be ignored as it works itself out. C) It is typically perpetrated by a single member who should be removed from the team. D) It indicates poor leadership skills.

A) It can easily escalate and lead to low organizational performance.

Which of the following decisions would MOST likely be made by a middle manager in a typical company? A) allocating budget resources to different projects B) establishing partnerships with other companies C) setting employee schedules D) approving significant purchases to improve company infrastructure

A) allocating budget resources to different projects

Which of the following is an example of completing a purposeful task? A) graduating college B) finishing a marathon C) doing the dishes D) painting a room

A) graduating college

dysfunctional behaviors

Actions that show a lack of commitment, lack of trust, fear of confrontation or conflicting opinions, a refusal to accept responsibility, and a tendency to focus on their own individual needs ahead of the team and the organization.

purposeful thinking

An approach that involves continually seeking pathways for possibilities and looking for opportunities to learn and grow.

psychological contract

An informal expectation between employee and organization that determines quality and satisfaction.

Which of the following scenarios is MOST typical of how organizational planning was conducted in the past? A) The planning process was a collaborative effort between all senior managers and some midlevel managers. B) The entire planning process was solely the preserve of the two senior-most managers. C) The planning process was conducted by senior managers with input from rank and file employees. D) The entire planning process was handled by senior management and the largest company shareholders.

B) The entire planning process was solely the preserve of the two senior-most managers.

Which of the following can be MOST assumed by a team composed of five members? A) There is an increased chance that members will work against each other. B) There is a good chance that members will get to know each other well. C) There is an increased chance for social loafing. D) There is a high chance that team members will split into subgroups.

B) There is a good chance that members will get to know each other well.

What would be MOST expected of a team of individuals who have low levels of internal locus of control? A) They often redirect their own workplace failings at others. B) They need to be strongly motivated and encouraged by management to do their work. C) They are extremely proactive and require little direction from management. D) They do just what is required of them, nothing more.

B) They need to be strongly motivated and encouraged by management to do their work.

Which of the following traits is indicative of a Type A personality? A) sensitivity B) assertiveness C) relaxation D) patience

B) assertiveness

Which of the following is MOST synonymous with the values a company holds? A) its mode of operation, which sets daily company activities B) its fundamental beliefs, which shape employee and organizational behaviors C) its future plans and expected outlook D) its central purpose to generate value in the marketplace

B) its fundamental beliefs, which shape employee and organizational behaviors

Which of the following can be viewed as an inducement offered by a manager? A) providing an employee with a certificate of recognition for satisfactory job performance B) offering a salary raise if an employee finishes his or her work ahead of schedule C) ordering employees to work an extra two hours a day to complete a project D) hiring additional staff to increase productivity at a company

B) offering a salary raise if an employee finishes his or her work ahead of schedule

overload

Behavioral and system strains that occur when expectations for positions or working groups exceed their capacity to perform.

Which of the following practices should be followed by a team in establishing meetings? A) Hold daily meetings. B) Hold impromptu meetings. C) Keep records of each meeting for future reference. D) Make meetings short and limit feedback so members can get back to work.

C) Keep records of each meeting for future reference.

Which of the following can be MOST associated with Machiavellianism? A) Where there is a will, there is a way. B) Honesty is the best policy. C) The end justifies the means. D) Practice makes perfect.

C) The end justifies the means.

Which of the following factors is vital for an organization to be successful? A) a large mid-managerial team B) a managerial team composed of all MBA graduates C) access to financial capital D) a broad and diverse customer base

C) access to financial capital

Which of the following companies would be considered the MOST typical of the overwhelming majority of organizations in the U.S.? A) a small chain of restaurants with a total of 150 employees B) a large national electronic distributor with 1000 employees C) an auto repair garage with 50 employees D) a department store with 500 employees

C) an auto repair garage with 50 employees

Which of the following is indicative of dysfunctional behavior? A) a team of employees disagreeing with their team leader about how to perform a task B) an employee filing a complaint with human resources about the actions of another C) an employee placing blame for his or her problem on another employee D) a manager preferring to avoid personal conversations with coworkers

C) an employee placing blame for his or her problem on another employee

Which of the following actions would be MOST indicative of an authoritarian manager? A) A manager promotes employees, but does not encourage the employees to work harder. B) A manager lays off staff to replace them with recent college graduates who are unpaid interns. C) A manager takes a subordinate's idea and presents it to senior management as his or her own. D) A manager informs workers that if files are not completed by the end of the week, they must work on the weekend.

D) A manager informs workers that if files are not completed by the end of the week, they must work on the weekend.

Which of the following can BEST describe the outlook of a manager who applies the 3 P's to his or her operations? A) Good business is always where you find it. B) Employees and community come first in any business. C) Maximize efficiency no matter the cost. D) Cause the least harm while doing business.

D) Cause the least harm while doing business.

Which of the following would be MOST representative of a growth organization? A) an automotive company that is at the industry standard for average annual growth and net profit B) a regional shipping firm that is planning to acquire other regional shipping companies in an effort to grow and expand its reach C) a pharmaceutical manufacturer that projects significant revenue increases five years from now, which will transform it into the industry leader D) a computer tablet firm that has consistently outperformed its competitors in sales and revenue for the last four years

D) a computer tablet firm that has consistently outperformed its competitors in sales and revenue for the last four years

Which of the following would MOST warrant a task-based team? A) a team formed to research methods to increase company-wide productivity B) a team formed to address situations brought up by an organizational change as they occur C) a team established by different departments of a company to increase organizational collaboration D) a team established to implement new procedures within 30 days

D) a team established to implement new procedures within 30 days

Which of the following scenarios would best make an informal team rather than a formal team? A) a team formed to oversee overseas expansion of a company B) a team formed to research new product development C) a team formed to help implement a five-year program D) a team formed to deal with a sudden company transition

D) a team formed to deal with a sudden company transition

Which of the following actions would MOST likely be associated with the work of a manager at an automotive manufacturer? A) handling complaints received from customers B) controlling the largest financial stake of the company C) performing maintenance on assembly line machinery D) directing line employees to perform a specific task

D) directing line employees to perform a specific task

Which of the following can be MOST associated with a formal team? A) ad hoc B) random C) short term D) permanence

D) permanence

norms

Expectations implicitly or explicitly defined by a group that result in a consistent set of behaviors or beliefs.

joyful living

Feelings and emotions defined by interest, passion, curiosity, contentment, enthusiasm, satisfaction, and quality of life.

inducements

Formal or informal agreements intended to entice positive or desirable behaviors.

_______ is the foundation to increasing the performance of any team.

Holding effective meetings

Regarding the general adaptation syndrome, why should people work towards rectifying feelings of stress?

If left unattended, stress can have unhealthy consequences.

citizenship

In business, the commitment to the overall functions of the team and organizational culture in order to improve performance.

positive deviance

Intentional behavior and attitudes that differ from the accepted social norms in an honorable way.

What is the primary benefit to a team of a manager publicly identifying each team member's achievements?

It encourages members to pull their own weight.

moral courage

Taking a position against something or someone even though you know the outcome may be unpopular.

What is the primary advantage to companies of using teams?

Teams often can be more productive than individuals in accomplishing goals.

self-awareness

The ability to look objectively at a circumstance and make subjective, principle-based judgment decisions simultaneously.

Emotional Intelligence (EI)

The capacity to recognize and appreciate emotional responses in one's self and others.

locus of control

The degree to which an individual or team feels in control of circumstances and outcomes.

self-efficacy

The extent to which a person believes in his or her own competence regarding a process or task.

Big Five Personality Traits

The five broad domains of human psychology: openness, conscientiousness, negativity, extraversion, and agreeableness.

authoritarianism

The management philosophy that using the threat of punishment, power, and legitimacy is required to produce superior results

Positive Affectivity

The outward display of affirming emotions, such as happiness, optimism, and encouragement.

selective perception

The process by which individuals accept information consistent with their values and beliefs, while screening out information that is not aligned with their own needs.

socialization

The processes by which individuals attain the knowledge, skills, cultural distinctions, and values to adapt to a group's norms.

candor

The quality of being open, frank, and sincere in speech or expression.

variation

The system-level changes that inevitably occur that may require individuals and groups to respond.

individual differences

The variable psychological, behavioral, cultural, and physical dimensions that uniquely distinguish each team member.

In the U.S., what is true of the most successful managers?

They spend their time capitalizing on their strengths.

challenging work

Work that is comprised of two types of tasks: pleasureful and purposeful.

What is the BEST example of corporate social responsibility?

a company going beyond what is necessary to help others

Which of the following poses the greatest threat to a team that has advanced beyond the performing stage?

a sudden change in team leadership with an outsider

For negotiation to be successful in resolving a dispute, _______ must be reached between the different parties.

agreement

Implementing a proper role structure is meant to reduce role

ambiguity

attribution

an ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation

Norms MOST determine a team's

behavior

What is MOST essential for moral courage?

believing in oneself and one's ability

How can an employee enter into a psychological contract with his or her employer?

by following the societal norms and organizational culture present in the company

Social loafing can be avoided by

carefully selecting team members who are collaborative.

Top managers need a higher level of competency in _______ skills than middle managers do.

conceptual

Inducements can be used as a way of

ecnouragement

A quality circle is most concerned with addressing ________ in an organization.

efficiency

________ is the greatest inhibitor of "good conflict."

emotion

What should a manager MOST look for to identify deviance occurring in the workplace?

employees who knowingly break company policies

To be candid with subordinates, a manager needs to be

honest

Deviance in any form is

intentional

In a business, a person with a high degree of citizenship

is loyal to the company.

The line "Deliver the most innovative product choices at the best price to customers," would be MOST indicative of the ________ of a company.

mission

Which process would a manager involved in assembling a project team MOST likely be performing?

organizing

Technical skills would be MOST essential for a product development manager in

overseeing the creation of new products.

Rewards for team members should be

personalized based on work.

What was the order of the traditional management functions model?

planning, organizing, leading, controlling

People with high degrees of extraversion are generally

sociable

Advancement out of the ________ stage requires team members to have patience and tolerance of other personalities.

storming

Which of the following manager types would typically be MOST numerous in a large company? A) executive director B) team leader C) assistant vice president D) manager

team leader

abundance

the conscious pursuit of purposeful infinite possibilities that are stable and sustainable over a period of time

absenteeism

the frequent or habitual absence of employees from work

What has the greatest effect on determining the success of a team?

the personalities and level of interaction between its members

What must managers be cognizant of when assigning leadership roles to employees based on their personalities and strengths?

the tendency to ascribe characteristics or attributes to individuals unfairly

What can the emotional intelligence of a person MOST tell us?

to what degree a person can relate and respond to others in a social setting

How can conflict be most productive for a team?

when the disagreement concerns the future effects of proposals

What would the vision of a technology company MOST shape?

where the company will direct its resources for future innovation