MGT Exam 3
Which of the following is an effective way to deal with change and innovation? A. Have the courage to follow your ideas. B. Offer different explanations for the change to different work groups. C. Innovate by varying existing products that are already on the market. D. Insist on success and punish failure. E. Hold closely to established methods of getting the job done.
A. Have the courage to follow your ideas.
Which of the following is the best statement of a goal? A. Reduce production errors by 10 percent by the end of the quarter. B. Be late to work less often. C. Get through most of those reports by 9/1. D. Give your very best effort. E. Increase customer satisfaction.
A. Reduce production errors by 10 percent by the end of the quarter.
_______ capital is the economic or productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationships. This type of capital can help you land a job; a national survey of recruiters revealed that 74% had found the highest-quality applicants through employee referrals. A. Social B. Human C. Personal D. Relational E. Productivity
A. Social
Which of the following is NOT a principal reason for transferring an employee? A. The employee is suspected of illegal behavior. B. The transfer offers an opportunity to broaden employee experience. C. The employee's skills are needed in another part of the organization. D. The employee has personal differences with his or her present boss. E. Giving employees a new challenge can help to maintain their interest and motivation.
A. The employee is suspected of illegal behavior.
Because people are uncomfortable with inconsistency between their attitudes and behaviors, they will seek to reduce A. cognitive dissonance. B. causal attribution. C. fundamental attribution. D. a self-serving bias. E. group behavior.
A. cognitive dissonance.
The increasing diversity of the American workforce, and the fact that people aged 18-34 are more likely to be living with their parents than with a spouse or partner, are both examples of a(n) ______ force for change. A. demographic B. social and political C. market D. political E. economic
A. demographic
After being referred by a friend, Hasina attended a job interview. She didn't feel it went well, but she was surprised when her friend told her the boss didn't like that Hasina had worn her hijab, a traditional headscarf worn by Muslim women. The boss told a coworker after the interview, "Our customers prefer working with Christians." Hasina is a victim of A. discrimination. B. affirmative action. C. favoritism. D. quid pro quo. E. a hostile work environment.
A. discrimination.
Ricardo's sales manager just informed his sales team that all sales in January will earn an extra 5 percent commission. The team gets right to work, being motivated by a(n) A. extrinsic reward. B. physiological need. C. hygiene factor. D. high need for power. E. intrinsic reward.
A. extrinsic reward.
Clint is a branch manager for a large freight company. He has noticed low morale lately, perhaps because of the cramped quarters, stricter policies, and lack of raises this year. According to Herzberg, Clint should first concentrate on A. hygiene factors. B. esteem needs. C. needs for achievement. D. motivating factors. E. growth needs.
A. hygiene factors.
Employees with a(n) ______ locus of control will probably resist close managerial supervision and should probably be placed in jobs requiring high initiative and lower compliance. A. internal B. high C. external D. absent E. low
A. internal
Michele had been working as an executive assistant to the president for nearly 25 years, so when she retired, no one had a good idea of all that her job entailed. Before Michele retired, Sharon sat with her for two weeks to observe her duties and ask her to explain all the functions she performs as executive assistant to the president. Sharon was performing a(n) A. job analysis. B. informal appraisal. C. performance appraisal. D. behavioral-description interview. E. job rotation.
A. job analysis.
Which of the following is a common reason that some women face a glass ceiling? A. lack of mentors B. poor goal setting C. poor financial performance D. inability to motivate others E. inability to produce high-quality work
A. lack of mentors
Carolina's manager notices that she exhibits an internal locus of control when she speaks about her work. Her manager should A. provide incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions B. place Caroline in a highly structured job. C. give Caroline a job that requires high compliance and low initiative. D. give Caroline a job with much social contact with coworkers and customers. E. closely supervise Caroline's work.
A. provide incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions
Ted's manager required him to give up his company car because he had missed sales goals for four consecutive quarters. Ted's manager used A. punishment. B. Positive reinforcement. C. negative reinforcement. D. feedback. E. intrinsic motivation.
A. punishment.
Ted was hiring a new financial analyst, and he had several good candidates. He was leaning toward hiring Akiko, a Japanese American woman, because he thinks Asians are better at math. Ted is exhibiting which distortion in perception? A. stereotyping B. Pygmalion effect C. racism D. self-serving bias E. recency effect
A. stereotyping
When workers perceive they are being treated fairly on the job, they are most likely to A. support organizational change. B. seek additional education. C. show improved safety practices. D. be a whistle-blower. E. pass up promotional opportunities.
A. support organizational change.
In the Internet Age, retailers like Amazon and Apple are not constrained by physical shelf space and can offer consumers a much wider variety of products; yet small sales, one or two rather than millions of items at a time, can produce big profits. This development is an example of A. the marketplace becoming more segmented and moving toward more niche products. B. China becoming the second-largest economic power. C. instant-gratification shopping. D. the rise of business-to-business technology. E. declining population in developed countries.
A. the marketplace becoming more segmented and moving toward more niche products.
Omar, an OD consultant, is working with members of a cross-functional team to build cohesiveness and practice skills to function better as a team. Omar is conducting the ______ stage of the OD process. A. treatment, or intervention B. evaluation C. changing D. feedback E. diagnosis
A. treatment, or intervention
Jake has a master's degree in psychology, but he is working at a sunglasses cart in the mall. He is currently experiencing A. underemployment. B. the glass ceiling. C. attribution. D. reverse discrimination. E. overemployment.
A. underemployment.
Studies exploring nurses' perceptions about using PDAs in their daily patient practice found initial resistance, with some nurses concerned about the cost and short technological life cycle of these devices. As part of the __________ stage of change, the nurses' managers try to instill in them the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of attitudes and behaviors that are resistant to innovation. A. unfreezing B. thawing C. freezing D. change E. refreezing
A. unfreezing
Using self-determination theory to motivate employees at Cloud9, a data storage company, the vice chair makes 10-20 phone calls a day to thank special employees "caught doing something right." The vice chair is fulfilling her employees' ______ needs. A. love B. competence C. equity D. autonomy E. relatedness
B. competence
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a successful incentive pay plan? A. regular communication with employees about the incentive plan B. complex and comprehensive rules C. simplicity D. clear and realistic goals E. consistency with the organization's existing goals
B. complex and comprehensive rules
Matt is frequently nervous, tense, and worried, both at work and at home. He likely scores low on which of the Big Five personality dimensions? A. openness to experience B. emotional stability C. extroversion D. self-monitoring E. conscientiousness
B. emotional stability
Which of the following jobs are least likely to be taken over by automation? A. clerical jobs B. knowledge-work jobs that require creativity and problem solving C. assembly-line jobs D. jobs that require unskilled labor E. bookkeeping jobs
B. knowledge-work jobs that require creativity and problem solving
Carol really doesn't like her new boss and is not happy with the new tasks she's been assigned and the long hours she's been working. Still, she truly believes in what the company is trying to accomplish. Carol has A. poor job performance. B. low job satisfaction. C. poor job enrichment. D. low organizational commitment. E. low job involvement.
B. low job satisfaction.
As a sales manager, Danyce is conducting performance appraisals for her team members. To do so, she tracks each person's sales calls, amount of sales, and revenues on a quarterly basis. Danyce is using a(n) ______ system of appraisal. A. 360-degree B. objective C. trait D. subjective E. behavioral
B. objective
Sue is very aggressive at her job, and her coworkers complain that she often manipulates them and her boss in order to get ahead. She attempts to direct everything and everyone, regardless of the consequences to others or even the organization itself. Sue is expressing what type of need for power? A. institutional B. personal C. autonomous D. organizational E. legitimate
B. personal
Links Cable Network has decided to offer a one-hour appointment window for customers needing installation or repair of its service, which will require the company to have several technicians on call. Links hopes this practice will give it an advantage over the competition, none of which have adopted such a practice. Links Cable Network is introducing a(n) ______ change. A. adaptive B. radically innovative C. reactive D. innovative E. active
B. radically innovative
When Jason became one of three final candidates for a managerial position with a large pharmaceutical company, the hiring manager scheduled a special meeting with him. The two talked about the stressful deadlines and heavy travel required of the position, as well as the compensation and benefits. Jason appreciated that the hiring manager took the time to provide a(n) A. unstructured interview. B. realistic job preview. C. behavioral-description interview. D. performance appraisal. E. situational interview.
B. realistic job preview.
Because she beat her goal this year by nearly 30 percent, Lori has been telling everyone in the sales department of her incredible skill as a salesperson. But last year when she didn't even reach her goal, she said her failure was due to the poor economy. Lori provides an example of A. selective perception error. B. self-serving bias. C. the halo effect. D. a self-fulfilling prophecy. E. fundamental attribution bias.
B. self-serving bias.
Those high in this emotional intelligence trait tend to be empathetic. A. self-management B. social awareness C. self-efficacy D. relationship management E. self-awareness
B. social awareness
As a maintenance person for the air force, Alex services aircraft engines, which protects the lives and safety of military personnel and increases their ability to conduct missions. Alex's job has a high level of A. skill variety. B. task significance. C. feedback. D. task identity. E. autonomy.
B. task significance.
Social media (LinkedIn, Facebook) can make the search for new employees more efficient. The rise of social media is an example of a(n) __________ advancement or force. A. social or political B. technological C. inside D. market E. demographic
B. technological
Which of the following is not a factor that affects the level of resistance to change? A. change agent-employee relationship B. the gender of the change agent C. the change agent's leadership style D. the change agent's ability to empathize with the employee's perspective E. employee characteristics and perceptions of change
B. the gender of the change agent
The motivating potential score (MPS) is calculated as part of using A. reinforcement theory. B. the job characteristics model. C. McClelland's acquired needs theory. D. goal-setting theory. E. equity theory.
B. the job characteristics model.
Which of the following statements about background information is FALSE? A. The most prevalent distortion in a résumé is lying about skill sets. B. People sometimes attempt to cover gaps in employment history. C. Applicants with weak credit scores are more likely to be unqualified and dishonest employees. D. Few employers look at the large e-portfolios created by job seekers in an attempt to impress recruiters. E. Many résumés contain factual errors or falsehoods.
C. Applicants with weak credit scores are more likely to be unqualified and dishonest employees.
_______________ is the purpose of the strategic human resource process. A. Formulating human resource-sensitive strategic plans B. Informing the grand strategy C. Getting optimal work performance to help realize the company's mission and vision D. Maintaining a stable workforce for minimum expense E. Finding the human resources needed in a timely fashion
C. Getting optimal work performance to help realize the company's mission and vision
___________ are generous severance packages, negotiated by executives, which they receive if the company is taken over by another company. A. Silver linings B. Fringe benefits C. Golden parachutes D. Life insurance policies E. Maquiladoras
C. Golden parachutes
Suppose a soft-drink company, Loco Cola, is conducting a force-field analysis to determine which forces could facilitate a proposed change (the introduction of a new lemon-lime soda) and which forces could act against it. Which of the following would Loco Cola consider a counterthruster? A. In unbiased surveys, college students often say that Loco Cola manufactures their favorite soft drinks. B. Loco Cola is a favorite among the Millennial generation. C. Loco Cola has never been able to gain any significant market share outside of the Midwest. D. Market research indicates that noncaffeinated, clear (lemon-lime) sodas are increasing in popularity. E. Loco Cola's Facebook pages has more than 3.5 million likes.
C. Loco Cola has never been able to gain any significant market share outside of the Midwest.
Which of the following is not a suggested strategy for reducing unhealthy stressors in organizations? A. make jobs interesting B. make career counseling available C. develop a more formal structure with close, authoritative supervision D. provide employee assistance programs E. recommend a holistic wellness approach
C. develop a more formal structure with close, authoritative supervision
People high in ______ are responsive to others' social and interpersonal cues. A. agreeableness B. self-efficacy C. emotional intelligence D. self-esteem E. external locus of control
C. emotional intelligence
Which of the following factors most reduces an organization's ability to learn from failure? A. employees who embrace a learning culture B. employees with a high tolerance for ambiguity C. employees who blame others for failure D. employees with a strong desire to acquire personal wealth E. employees who like to experiment with multiple solutions
C. employees who blame others for failure
During Lewin's refreezing stage, managers should A. provide benchmarking results. B. reduce the barriers to change. C. encourage and reinforce the desired change in the employees. D. give employees the tools for change. E. make employees dissatisfied with the present way of doing things.
C. encourage and reinforce the desired change in the employees.
Cody was surprised to learn that not everyone would receive a bonus this year. Instead, management planned to rank all of the employees in Cody's division and award bonuses only to the top 20% in terms of sales. Cody's company is using a(n) ______ performance review system. A. standard curve B. normal distribution C. forced ranking D. functional positioning E. unit grading
C. forced ranking
The best type of performance appraisal involves A. describing a subordinate's current performance in general terms. B. concentrating on "stretch goals." C. giving employees continuous, real-time coaching, feedback, and solutions. D. relying on impressions. E. using other employees as examples.
C. giving employees continuous, real-time coaching, feedback, and solutions.
For managers, the importance of Maslow's contribution is that he showed that workers A. are as complex as their organization. B. are interested only in compensation that helps them fulfill physiological needs. C. have needs beyond that of just earning a paycheck. D. expect an employer to fulfill every level in their hierarchy of needs. E. have needs that cannot be understood by their employer.
C. have needs beyond that of just earning a paycheck.
When using goal-setting theory to motivate employees, managers should A. set targets that are beyond employees' reach. B. set goals that are easily achievable. C. help workers understand and accept the goals. D. hold employees responsible for getting feedback. E. set general goals that are emotionally appealing.
C. help workers understand and accept the goals.
Which of the following is not an inside force that indicates organizational change might be needed? A. high levels of stress among employees B. high turnover C. increased competition D. excessive conflict between managers and employees E. job dissatisfaction
C. increased competition
At his review last year, Bryan was promised a 20 percent raise if he met his production goals. Raises were included in today's paychecks, and although Bryan has met all of his goals, he received only a cost-of-living raise. In the future, Bryan's ______ will probably be ______. A. valence; low B. expectancy; low C. instrumentality; low D. instrumentality; high E. expectancy; high
C. instrumentality; low
According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a hygiene factor? A. advancement B. the work itself C. interpersonal relationships D. recognition E. responsibility
C. interpersonal relationships
Which of the following is an inside force for change? A. advancements in automation B. recession C. low productivity and turnover D. immigration E. domestic competition
C. low productivity and turnover
A manager must consider fairness, __________, and others' resentments in considering a promotion of an employee. A. profitability B. safety C. nondiscrimination D. permanence E. openness
C. nondiscrimination
If a manager knows one of her employees has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, she should A. provide frequent reminders about improving weaknesses . B. avoid delegating work to this employee. C. reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills. D. redesign the work so that it is routine and structured. A. avoid giving feedback.
C. reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills.
After three shuttle accidents in three months, one of which resulted in a critical injury to a driver, Citywide Shuttle drivers received additional training, and the company retrofitted all shuttles with new braking systems. Which of Maslow's needs are addressed by Citywide Shuttle's actions? A. esteem B. self-actualization C. safety D. physiological E. love
C. safety
The invention of a machine to make plastic corks for wine bottles has severely affected companies that produce traditional cork. The invention of the machine for making plastic corks is an example of a(n) ______ advancement. A. market B. economic C. technological D. social and political E. demographical
C. technological
According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a motivating factor? A. pay B. working conditions C. the work itself D. company policy E. supervisors
C. the work itself
In considering the staffing an organization might need in the future, human resource managers should A. focus efforts on replacing those who retire or resign. hire 10% more people than were needed last year to cover possible growth. B. assume that there will be radical changes in the supply of labor and the nature of the organization's jobs, and therefore defer planning. C. understand the organization's vision and strategy in order to hire personnel to support them. D. assume that the organization will not change much.
C. understand the organization's vision and strategy in order to hire personnel to support them.
Appliance America's customer complaints have increased because its drivers often get lost when attempting deliveries, which means that the deliveries arrived late. The drivers have resisted using GPS systems, claiming they know their territories. But managers are now encouraging them to look for the best solution to the increased level of customer complaints. Appliance America is in the ________ stage of Lewin's change model. A. changing B. refreezing C. unfreezing D. evaluation E. learning
C. unfreezing
A(n) ______________ is susceptible to legal attack because some questions may infringe on non-job-related matters such as privacy, diversity, or disability. A. situational interview B. performance interview C. unstructured interview D. realistic job preview E. behavioral-description interview
C. unstructured interview
A California software firm, MacroSoft, was growing rapidly and hiring frequently, but it primarily focused on campus recruiting at two California universities, UC Berkeley and Stanford. When one 45-year-old candidate did not get an interview after a phone screening, he went to the company's website and noted all of the young people in charge. Which law allows him to file a discrimination lawsuit against MacroSoft? A. Americans with Disabilities Act B. Sarbanes-Oxley Act C. Civil Rights Act D. Age Discrimination in Employment E. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)
D. Age Discrimination in Employment
Which of the following is an example of a proactive change? A. Ciara cannot get permission to hire another person until her group misses several deadlines. B. Ciara is constantly "putting out fires," responding to daily crises in her group. C. Ciara's staff is unhappy about the long hours they have been working and several of them quit before she knows there is a problem. D. Ciara explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them despite the fact that her employees are generally content. E. Ciara's group sends a product that is nearing its launch date back to the drawing board based on a competitor's superior new offering.
D. Ciara explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them despite the fact that her employees are generally content.
_______________ is the ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity in reliable and adaptable ways. A. Social awareness B. Self-awareness C. Relationship management D. Self-management E. Situational awareness
D. Self-management
_____ are subject to validity problems due to evaluator bias. A. 360-degree feedback forms B. Objective appraisals C. Personality appraisals D. Trait appraisals E. Behavioral appraisals
D. Trait appraisals
The human resource manager at Helping Hands Inc. has just calculated that the employee absenteeism rate for 2016 is 15 percent higher than it was in 2015, and the turnover rate increased 18 percent over the same time period. Which of the following is NOT an option she should consider for improving the situation? A. Identify possible employee role conflicts. B. Deal with employees' possible work overloads. C. Identify causes of job dissatisfaction. D. Wait until 2017 and see what the turnover rate is at the end of that year. E. Address and adjust job design.
D. Wait until 2017 and see what the turnover rate is at the end of that year.
A server expects a group of poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers and gives them poor service, so he gets the result that he expects, a very small tip. This is an example of A. selective perception error. B. the halo effect. C. fundamental attribution bias. D. a self-fulfilling prophecy. E. self-serving bias.
D. a self-fulfilling prophecy.
At Toys 4 Tiny Tots, employees know that during the December shopping season they are often required to work different schedules, weekends, and overtime. The December work schedules at Toys 4 Tiny Tots is an example of a(n) ______ change because workers have experienced it in the past. (They experience it every December.) A. incremental B. innovative C. radically innovative D. adaptive E. reactive
D. adaptive
The statement "I really don't like that Ivan got so angry in that meeting" reflects the ______ component of an attitude. A. cognitive B. factual C. value D. affective E. behavioral
D. affective
After struggling with the accounting training, Peter is unsure whether he can complete the end-of-year financial reporting with no errors in the time allotted. In this case, Peter is low on the ______ element of expectancy theory. A. performance B. instrumentality C. valence D. expectancy E. outcomes
D. expectancy
It has been two years since any employee has received a bonus at Tech Outlet, and the possibility of getting one no longer seems to motivate employees. In this case, management has inadvertently applied A. intrinsic motivation. B. negative reinforcement. C. punishment. D. extinction. E. expectancy.
D. extinction.
As owner and senior accountant at a tax preparation firm, Mark is changing the work schedule of all employees, including managers and accountants, for the months of March and April, the company's busiest time. He is requiring everyone to work on weekends, just as he has during the tax-preparation season for the last ten years. Mark should expect that his employees will be A. terribly upset but not quit. B. terribly upset and will quit. C. moderately upset but not willing to quit. D. hardly upset or not upset at all. E. moderately upset and complain.
D. hardly upset or not upset at all.
According to Festinger, how people deal with cognitive dissonance depends on three factors. Which are the correct three factors? A. situation, self-awareness, and control B. decision making, situation, and bias C. control, bias, and personality D. importance, control, and rewards E. personality, decision making, and judgment
D. importance, control, and rewards
Research shows that simplified jobs lead to all the following except A. low sense of accomplishment. B. poor mental health. C. job dissatisfaction. D. increased productivity. E. low personal growth.
D. increased productivity.
Ana Maria believes that she controls her own destiny. She is a rather shy person who is extremely dependable and responsible, and her coworkers respect her greatly. Ana Maria has a(n) ______ locus of control and would rate high on the _______ dimension of personality. A. external, extroversion B. positive, emotional stability C. unstable, openness to experience D. internal, conscientiousness F. neutral, agreeableness
D. internal, conscientiousness
An innovative change involves ______ complexity, cost, and uncertainty. A. minimum B. extreme C. no D. moderate E. hidden
D. moderate
According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, in the zone between the motivating factors and the hygiene factors, employees are A. stagnant. B. satisfied. C. unmotivated. D. neither satisfied nor dissatisfied. E. dissatisfied.
D. neither satisfied nor dissatisfied.
Job satisfaction results in stronger ______ and lower levels of ______. A. motivation; life satisfaction B. perceived stress; life satisfaction C. perceived stress; absenteeism D. organizational commitment; perceived stress E. job involvement; work-life balance
D. organizational commitment; perceived stress
José has a summer job hand-dyeing shirts that will be sold on the boardwalk. He is paid $5.00 per shirt. José is being paid on a ______ compensation plan. A. profit-sharing B. bonus C. pay-for-knowledge D. pay-for-performance E. gainsharing
D. pay-for-performance
When Jacqueline interviewed for a position as a computer programmer, she was asked to take a test on a particular programming language. Jacqueline took a(n) ______ test. A. personality B. aptitude C. capability D. performance E. ability
D. performance
According to the acquired needs theory, the desire to influence others is part of the need for A. achievement. B. self-actualization. C. relatedness. D. power. E. affiliation.
D. power
To ________, Ricco, an HR manager, used reports from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau for information about his industry's labor pool in his geographic area. A. recruit from inside the organization B. analyze human capital C. perform a job analysis D. recruit from outside the organization E. develop an affirmative action program
D. recruit from outside the organization
An accounting firm reimburses employees for tuition and fees if they complete job-related coursework with a B or better. The accounting firm's tuition-reimbursement policy helps its employees meet their _______ needs. A. safety B. physiological C. esteem D. self-actualization E. love
D. self-actualization
Which of the following is not a symptom of negative stress? A. hostility B. alcohol abuse C. heart attack D. slurred speech E. insomnia
D. slurred speech
Allie has a degenerative eye disease that is causing her to gradually lose her eyesight. When Allie asked her employer, TrueBlue Fashions, to purchase a low-vision computer for her use at work, she was fired. TrueBlue Fashions has violated the A. Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). B. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. C. Family and Medical Leave Act. D. Privacy Act. E. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
E. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
Compared to internal recruiting, which of the following is true of external recruiting? A. It creates the need for multiple recruitments. B. The process is cheaper. C. The pool of talent is more limited. D. It encourages greater employee loyalty. E. The process is more expensive and takes longer.
E. The process is more expensive and takes longer.
Which of the following is the most common drug of abuse? A. tranquilizers B. marijuana C. prescription pain medication D. methamphetamine E. alcohol
E. alcohol
People with ______ exhibit less anxiety, greater motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance. A. an external locus of control B. high self-efficacy C. low self-efficacy D. high self-monitoring E. an internal locus of control
E. an internal locus of control
In using reinforcement, a manager should A. save rewards for weekly or monthly celebrations. B. give all employees the same rewards to ensure fairness. C. reward both desired and undesired behavior. D. avoid using punishment. E. clearly communicate the desired behavior.
E. clearly communicate the desired behavior.
The statement "Drew is slow to return phone calls" reflects the ______ component of an attitude. A. decisional B. behavioral C. affective D. perceptual E. cognitive
E. cognitive
Typically the ________ clause in a union contract is tied to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' consumer price index (CPI). A. givebacks B. right-to-work C. agency D. union security E. cost-of-living adjustment (COLA)
E. cost-of-living adjustment (COLA)
As an OD consultant, Sharon is designing a survey of employee attitudes to be given to workers at SW Emergency Clinic, a provider of emergency-care services in a low-income neighborhood. In collecting this information, Sharon is conducting the ______ stage of OD. A. unfreezing B. evaluation C. intervention D. refreezing E. diagnosis
E. diagnosis
When using punishment, a manager should A. save reprimands until the end of the workday, or preferably before a weekend. B. ignore undesirable behaviors. C. punish even minor infractions, to appear consistent. D. make sure that other employees witness the punishment. E. do it in conjunction with positive reinforcement.
E. do it in conjunction with positive reinforcement.
Organizational dimensions, the outer layer of the diversity wheel, include all of the following except A. union affiliation. B. management status. C. work location. D. seniority. E. ethnicity.
E. ethnicity.
During Lewin's changing stage, managers should A. make employees dissatisfied with the present situation. B. reinforce the desired change. C. reduce the barriers to change. D. encourage employees to exhibit the new change. E. give employees new information, perspectives, and models for behavior.
E. give employees new information, perspectives, and models for behavior.
Employees are likely to see an adaptive change as A. totally unacceptable. B. significantly complex, costly, and uncertain. C. highly threatening. D. moderately threatening. E. least threatening.
E. least threatening.
Joan, a new manager, must enforce sales report deadlines, but her team is struggling. She creates a new system to streamline the process and helps everyone understand why the deadlines are important. On which of the following internal forces is Joan trying to have an impact? A. human resource concerns B. shareholder, customer, and market changes C. social and political pressures D. demographic characteristics E. manager's behavior
E. manager's behavior
Daniel teaches sixth grade at a local elementary school. He significantly increased his salary by earning a master's degree in education. Daniel's increased salary is an example of A. a bonus. B. pay for performance. C. gainsharing. D. profit sharing. E. pay for knowledge.
E. pay for knowledge.
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is a(n) ______ test. A. ability B. character C. reliability D. performance E. personality
E. personality
In managing employees under an incentive pay plan, a manager should A. set "stretch" goals that are very difficult (perhaps impossible) to achieve. B. set goals with employees, but then leave them alone to pursue those goals. C. design complex plans that cover all contingencies. D. change the plan frequently to continue to motivate subordinates. E. regularly communicate with employees about the plan.
E. regularly communicate with employees about the plan.
Using 360-degree feedback appraisals makes it more difficult for managers to A. use a forced-ranking system. B. collect anonymous feedback about an employee. C. understand how an employee interacts with clients or customers. D. collect performance information form multiple sources. E. unfairly favor or punish particular employees.
E. unfairly favor or punish particular employees.
In Herzberg's theory, the _________ factors are the lower-level needs; the ________ factors are the higher-level needs.
HYGIENE; MOTIVATING
____________ appraisals, also called results appraisals, are based on facts and are often numerical
Objective
What are the 3 components of attitudes?
affective, cognitive, and behavioral.
a negative force working against a proposed change
counterthruster
What is the first stage of the OD process.
diagnosis
Adaptive change is __________
familiar
S.M.A.R.T. goals should be:
specific, measurable, attainable, results-oriented, and have target dates.
Which stage of Lewin's stage model deals with managers try to instill in employees the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of attitudes and behaviors that are resistant to innovation.
unfreezing
