MH: Chapter 19- Addiction

a client is receiving methadone maintenance therapy. After teaching the client about this treatment, a nurse determines that the education was successful when the client makes which statement? a. "I should eat small frequent meals if I get nauseated." b. "I might experience diarrhea with this drug." c. "I can have a glass of wine with dinner if I choose." d."I should take the drug on an empty stomach."

A. "I should eat small frequent meals if i get nauseated." RATIONALE: A client receiving methadone maintenance therapy may experience nausea. Therefore, the client should eat small, frequent meals to treat the nausea and loss of appetite and should take the drug with food and lie quietly to minimize the nausea. Alcohol should be avoided. Constipation may occur, necessitating the use of a mild laxative.

The mental health nurse is preparing a presentation about prescription drug abuse to a local community group. when describing the incidence, which age group would the nurse identify as experiencing an increase? A. Adolescents B. Middle age males C. Chronically ill females D. Cognitively impaired older adults

A. Adolescents RATIONALE: alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and illegal prescription drug use have reached epidemic proportions in the US, with incidence rising in younger age group, particularly among adolescents and young adults

The ingestion of mood-altering substances stimulates which neurotransmitter pathway in the limbic system to produce a "high" that is a pleasant experience? a. Dopamine b. Norepinephrine c. Acetylcholine d. serotonin

A. Dopamine

The nurse is caring for an adult client that has been admitted to the detoxification unit. Due to acute withdrawal, what cues will the nurse likely assess? A. Flushed face, headache, and tremors B. Anhidrosis, hypotonicity, and hypotension C. psychomotor hypoactivity and hypotension D. bradycardia and generalized seizures

A. Flushed face, headache, and tremors RATIONALE: the client will also experience hypertension (not hypotension), tachycardia (not bradycardia), and diaphoresis (not anhidrosis)

A nurse is caring for a client who uses phencyclidine (PCP). PCP is classified as which type of substance? A. inhalant B. hallucinogen C. stimulant D. hypnotic

B. Hallucinogen

A 47-year-old client has been admitted to the hospital after being found unconscious in a park. Upon regaining consciousness, the client admits to heavy alcohol use over many years. Assessment reveals a low body mass index, low electrolyte levels, and impaired skin integrity. Vital signs are within normal ranges. What nursing diagnosis should be prioritized in the care of this client? a. Deficient knowledge regarding the effects of alcohol intake b. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to chronic alcohol intake c. Risk for injury related to chronic alcohol intake d. Ineffective coping related to effects of chemical use

B. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to chronic alcohol intake RATIONALE: High alcohol intake is associated with malnutrition, which can result in low electrolyte levels, low body mass index, and impaired skin integrity. This diagnosis is of more immediate concern than the client's coping, knowledge, or future risk for injury.

A nurse observes a fellow nurse colleague who has an unsteady gait and slurred speech. The nurse suspects that the colleague is impaired. Which would be the appropriate action to take? a. Talk with other colleagues and ask if they have noticed that same thing b. Report the nurse colleagues behavior to the supervisor on the floor c. Have a private conversation with the colleague to see what is going on d. Ignore the colleagues behavior

B. Report the nurse colleagues behavior to the supervisor on the floor

A client is admitted to the emergency department after using MDMA (Ecstasy). The nurse identifies this drug as belonging to what class? a. Opioid b. Sedative c. Hallucinogen d. Stimulant

C. Hallucinogen

A client with a history of alcohol use disorder has presented to the emergency department with hallucinations and relays being followed by the police. Which action will the nurse take given this information? A. Determine if the client is having episodes of cognitive dementia B. Administer B12 deficiency injection using Z-track method C. Prepare for lumbar puncture for viral encephalopathy D. Monitor for Korsakoff syndrome from long term effects of alcohol use

D. Monitor for korsakoff syndrome from long term effects of alcohol use RATIONALE: Korsakoff syndrome is a physiologic effect of long term alcohol use and manifests with hallucinations and making up or confabulating stories to mask the fact that there is significant memory loss. Wernicke encephalopathy is seen in some individuals with history of alcohol abuse. This problem is associated with long term heavy alcohol use. Chronic alcohol consumption can lead to a variety of nutritional deficiencies such as folic acid and thiamine (not B12), but these deficiencies can be caused by conditions other than alcohol abuse and be present before cognitive impairment. Cognitive dementia can be seen in a number of other conditions but does not relate specifically to alcohol abuse

A nurse is caring for a client with substance use disorder. The nurse determines that education was successful when the client makes which statement? a. "I am not alone with addiction because it affects every class and gender." b. "I will not have to come to terms with addiction by admitting I have a problem." c. "I only got addicted because of the pressures put on me by my friends." d. "I know that if I go through rehabilitation for addiction I won't have a relapse."

a. "I am not alone with addiction because it affects every class and gender."

According to the psychodynamic theory regarding addiction, it is most important that the nurse assesses the client with an alcohol use disorder by considering what?

asking the client to describe the clients childhood relationship with the clients parents

A nurse is conducting a class for a group of high school students about marijuana use and abuse. The nurse determines that the class needs further discussion when they state which of the following? a. Some active ingredients in marijuana have been approved for medical uses b. Marijuana has cardiovascular effects c. Users of marijuana always experience relaxation and euphoria d. Marijuana interferes with coordination and balance

c. Users of marijuana always experience relaxation and euphoria RATIONALE: While pleasurable for most people on most occasions, marijuana use can induce feelings of anxiety and dysphoria. Other potential negative effects include delirium or a psychotic disorder. Ingestion of marijuana disrupts coordination of movement, balance, and reaction time. It can also result in hypotension and tachycardia. Some cannabinoids have been approved for some medical uses, such as treatment of nausea and vomiting resulting from chemotherapy, and research into additional medical uses is ongoing.

the nurse would assess for ______ and ______ along with a ________ in those with opioid overdose

hypotension, bradycardia, and decreasing respiratory rate