Micro 5

NAD+ and NADP+ are important examples of both coenzymes and electron carriers. a) True b) False

True

Which of the following statements concerning cellular metabolism is FALSE? a) Macromolecules are converted into cell structures via catabolism. b) Enzymes are used in both catabolic and anabolic reactions. c) ATP is used in the formation of macromolecules. d) The goal of metabolism is reproduction of the organism. e) Energy obtained from nutrients or light is stored in the bonds of ATP.

a) Macromolecules are converted into cell structures via catabolism.

When a cell forms an amino acid by adding an amine group derived from ammonia to a precursor metabolite, this process is called Question 5 options: a) amination. b) reduction. c) polymerization. d) deamination. e) transamination.

a) amination.

Membranes containing the photosystems necessary for photosynthesis are called a) thylakoids. b) stroma. c) chlorophylls. d) cytochromes. e) grana.

a) thylakoids.

Environmental changes can result in the inactivation of enzymes. a) True b) False

a) True

Reactions that are both catabolic and anabolic are amphibolic. a) True b) False

a) True

Which of the following is associated with the Calvin-Benson cycle? a) PABA b) RuBP c) TMAO d) FADH2 e) acetyl-CoA

b) RuBP

What is the major product of the Calvin-Benson cycle that can then be used to form glucose? a) RuBP b) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate c) NADPH d) CO2 e) ATP

b) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Which of the following types of carrier molecules is NOT found in electron transport chains? a) ubiquinones b) hemoglobin c) cytochromes d) flavoproteins e) metal-containing proteins

b) hemoglobin

All of the following are aspects of a cell's ability to regulate its metabolism EXCEPT a) synthesis of a catabolic enzyme only when its substrate is available. b) use of the same coenzymes for anabolic and catabolic reactions that share substrate molecules. c) synthesis or degradation of membrane transport proteins. d) use of the most energy-efficient energy source available. e) isolation of various enzymes within membranous organelles.

b) use of the same coenzymes for anabolic and catabolic reactions that share substrate molecules.

Glucose is used as an energy source only when proteins and fats are not available. Question 3 options: a) True b) False

b) False

How many ATP molecules can be produced from the NADH generated by the catabolism of a molecule of glucose? a) 38 b) 4 c) 30 d) 36 e) 34

c) 30

All of the following are associated with chemiosmosis EXCEPT Question 1 options: a) oxidative phosphorylation. b) creation of a proton gradient. c) beta-oxidation. d) phosphorylation of 34 molecules of ADP. e) ATP synthase.

c) beta-oxidation.

Pyruvic acid is a product of a) fermentation. b) the Krebs cycle. c) both glycolysis and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. d) the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. e) glycolysis.

c) both glycolysis and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway.

Which of the following produces NADPH? a) the Embden-Meyerhof pathway b) both the Embden-Meyerhof and Entner-Doudoroff pathways c) both the pentose phosphate and Entner-Doudoroff pathways d) the pentose phosphate pathway e) the Entner-Doudoroff pathway

c) both the pentose phosphate and Entner-Doudoroff pathways

Chemical reactions that can proceed toward either anabolism or catabolism are called a) cyclic. b) synthetic. c) glycolytic. d) amphibolic. e) light-independent.

d) amphibolic.

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during the __________ stage(s) of glycolysis. a) lysis b) energy-investment, lysis, and energy-conservation c) energy-investment d) both energy-investment and energy-conservation e) energy-conservation

d) both energy-investment and energy-conservation

Sulfanilamide is an antimicrobial drug that mimics the shape of an important substrate for a particular bacterial enzyme, thereby inhibiting the enzyme. This type of inhibition is known as a) allosteric inhibition. b) excitatory allosteric control. c) feedback inhibition. d) competitive inhibition. e) noncompetitive inhibition.

d) competitive inhibition.

If a cell reverses the process of beta-oxidation, which of the following molecules will it make? a) nucleotides b) starch c) glycerol d) fatty acids e) amino acids

d) fatty acids

All of the following are forms of oxidation EXCEPT a) gain of an oxygen atom and its electrons. b) loss of hydrogen atom. c) a dehydrogenation event. d) substrate level phosphorylation. e) loss of an electron.

d) substrate level phosphorylation.

Types of chlorophyll differ in the a) amount of ATP they produce. b) number of electrons they release. c) amount of light they can absorb. d) wavelengths of light they absorb. e) amount of oxygen they utilize.

d) wavelengths of light they absorb.

Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is FALSE? a) They can be used to catalyze a chemical reaction over and over again. b) They can be denatured if the pH of their environment is too high or too low. c) They are usually, but not always, proteins. d) They form a temporary intermediate compound with a substrate. e) They function best at 37°C.

e) They function best at 37°C.

Reactions catalyzed by transferases are a) both anabolic and catabolic. b) neither anabolic nor catabolic. c) reactions that do not require cofactors. d) catabolic. e) anabolic.

e) anabolic.

Anabolic reactions may be characterized as a) breaking large molecules into smaller molecules to produce ATP. b) breaking large molecules into smaller molecules. c) exergonic. d) producing ATP. e) forming large molecules from smaller molecules.

e) forming large molecules from smaller molecules.

Carbon dioxide is a by-product of which of the following? Question 2 options: a) the pentose phosphate pathway b) glycolysis c) electron transport d) chemiosmosis e) the Krebs cycle

e) the Krebs cycle

Ribozymes are enzymes that cleave the subunits of the ribosome. a) True b) False

false

The pentose phosphate pathway generates all the necessary precursors for nucleotide biosynthesis. a) True b) False

false