microbiology
a proteosome
-functions to degrade misfolded eukaryotic proteins -produces peptides for antigen presentation during immune responses hydrolyzes ubiquitin marked proteins in an ATP dependent process
NAM
N- acetylmuramic acid
bacteria & archea
S layer is fouond in
microtubule
a filament organelle comprised of tublins with a diameter or 25 nm
false
althougth kochs postulates developed over 100 years ago its still being used in all human infectious disease
humoral immunity
anti toxins (antibodies)
lister
antiseptic surgery
true
archeal cells do no cause disease to humans
false
bacterium flagellum rotation is powered by the hydrolisis of ATP
negatively charged
basic dyes such as methylene blue bind to cellular molecules that are
perplasmic space
both it is located between the plasma membrane and outer membrane of gram m=negative bacteria and it contains hydrolytic enzymes and binding proteins involved in nutrient acquisition are true
virulence factor
capsule s-layer flagella
laphatuchous
cluster of flagella at one or both ends of bacterium
parts of peptidoglycan
covalent bonds amino acids
they are resistant to harsh enviorments
endospores represent a challenge to the fields of industrial and medical micro because
ether bond l- glycerol
found in archeal membrane
peptide interbridges
found in the peptidoglycan cell wall structure of gram positive
false
gram negative bac. is more sensitive that gram positive bacteria to some antibiotics because gram negative outer membrans is more permeable to drugs than is gram positive
the inventor
gram stain delivers its name from
safranin
gram staining procedure counterstain
they all have cell membrane
how are archeal bacterial and eukaryotic cells alike
pink,pink
if decolorizier is left on for too long in the gram negative staining procedure, gram positive organisms will be stained ________ and gram negative will be stained _____
false
in addition to being more complex chemically, the basic structure of the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells is very different from that of prokaryotic cells
immersion oil
increases the amount of light passing through a specimen
inclusion bodies
intracellular granules of organic that are stockpiled by bactria for future use
peptidoglycan
it occurs only in bacteria it contains a pedpide portion and a glycan portion
thylakoid membrane
light reaction of photosynthesis occurs in
fluorence microscope
microscope that exposes specimens to ultra violet or blue light
false
negative staining is used to observe bacterial morpholgy
negative
net charge on a bacterial cell surface
active transport & group tranlocation
nutrients can be concentrated from dilute solutions by
pili
plays an important role in bacterial recombination
false
prion is a type of viruse that can infect a human
attatch firmly to the slide
prior to staining smears of microorganisms are heat fixed in order to
archea
pseudopeptidoglycan occurs in
false
red light has a longer wavelength that blue light so red will give the better resolution during light microscopoy
bacterial plasmids
replicate independently carry genes for drug resistance carry genes that enhance survival of bacterium under certain coditions
growth factors
required organic compunds becacuse they are essential cell compounds
in eukaryotic cells
rotation is powered by ATP,
active transport
saturable uptake rate use of ATP or proton motive force of metabolic energy can move materials against aa concentration gradient
stropoccus
straight or branched chains of spherical bacteria are referenced to
peuplasm
substance that occupies periplasmic space
immunology
the branch of micro that deal with the mechanisms in wich the human body protects itsels=f from disease
smear
the fild of bacteria that have been air dried onto a glass microscope slide
differential staining
the gram stainig procedure is an example of
tuberculosis, and leprosy
what disease do you use acid fast staining
they are carbohydrates
what do NAM and NAG have in common
only founf in gram neg. bacteria contain phospholipids double layered structures
what do the outer membrane and the cytoplasmic membrane have in common
it stains decolorized cells
what does the counter stain do in a different stain?
lipopolysaccharide
what is present in gram negative cell wall and not in gram positive bacteria
provide contrast
what is the purpose of using stains in slide preperation
non resistant staphyloccus species
what would be lyced by penicillin
treatment of the disease with a broad spectrum oral antimicrobial dependably eradicates
which is not one of kochs postulates
calcium dipicolinic acid dehydrated core
which of the following can make endospores very resistat to various enviormental factors
viruses - prokaryotes (viruses considered neither)
which of the following is mismatched
the use of DNA for the storage of genetic information the presense of ribosomes for protein synthesis the presence of membrane delimited organellls in cytoplasm
which of the following is useful in distinguishing between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
mycobacterium
who has mycotic acids as part of their cell wall structure?
Pasteur Redi
who worked on the concept of spontaneous generation theory
it protects against dehydration loss of nutrients protects against phagocytosis
why is a capule important to bacterial cell
micro nutrients
zinc copper maganese
