Microbiology Chapter 7A

Okazika fragments make up part of the:

lagging strand of newly synthesized DNA

In protein synthesis, this is the molecules that will carry the information about the order of amino acid to the ribosome

mRNA

The information carried by DNA is used to create a _____ which then moves to the ribosome for protein synthesis

mRNA

Translation requires:

mRNA, tRNA, amino acid, ribosome

Which of the following properties are exclusive to tRNA?

molecules contain an anticodon

Bacterial chromosomes:

must be present for a bacteria to stay alive and produce

A permanent alteration in the DNA of an organism is called a:

mutation

In DNA the

none of these are true

The basic subunit of DNA and RNA

nucleotide

In eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the _____ while translation takes place in the _____

nucleus, cytoplasm

After DNA replication of a bacterial chromosome, the new DNA contains

one strand of parent DNA along with one newly synthesized strand

A plasmid is a:

extrachromosomal piece of DNA

A particular sequence of DNA nucleotides which provides the genetic information for a single characteristic is a:

gene

Because one original strand of the double-stranded helix is found in each daughter cell, the replication process is called:

semiconservative

Amino acids move from the cytoplasm to the ribosome with the help of:

tRNA

An anticodon would be found in a _____ molecule.

tRNA

The molecule which brings amino acids to the ribosome and puts them into the correct positions:

tRNA

The process of taking the information on the DNA and making a new protein requires

transcription and translation

The process of _____ results in synthesis of a new protein

translation

Protein synthesis:

two of the above

Which of the following statements about genetic code is true?

An amino acid can be specified for by more than one codon

Replication results in the formation of what type of new molecules:

DNA

Which is NOT a structure difference between DNA and RNA

DNA has 2 phosphate and RNA has one

During replication DNA is synthesized by

DNA polymerase

The enzyme which synthesizes the new DNA strands, cuts out and replaces the primer and proofreads and corrects any mistakes

DNA polymerase

Which statement is NOT true about DNA replication?

DNA polymerase can work in either direction on the strand of DNA its called replication

RNA polymerase uses _____ as a template to synthesize _____

DNA, RNA

NOT Which of the following statements is true?

NOT During DNA replication the leading strand serves as a template for the lagging strand or two strands of double helix combine by base pairing in parallel fashion.

Transcription is the result of what new molecules:

RNA

In transcription

The DNA molecules is used as a template to make a molecule of RNA??

Which of the following is the anticodon corresponding to methionine?

UAC

Which nitrogenous base is not normally found in DNA?

Uracil

In most prokaryotic cells

all of these are correct

Genes with different information at the same locus (location on the chromosome) are called

alleles

A base sequence on tRNA which binds to a complementary base on mRNA

anticodon

Mutations:

are responsible for heritable variations seen in progency

Which of the following properties are exclusive to mRNA?

carries information from DNA to synthesise for a protein

A three base sequence on a RNA molecule which "names" an amino acid

codon

A mRNA molecule can be subdivided into three molecules unit called:

codons

An mRNA molecule contains three nucleotide (triplet) units called:

codons

tRNA anticodons serves as a link between

codons and amino acids

Which of the following properties are exclusive to rRNA?

combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes

The structure of the nitrogenous bases of DNA is such that the adenine can only bind with thymine and guanine with cytosine. This is referred to as:

complementary base pairing

Messanger RNA:

contains uracil instead of thymine

A nucleotide is made of a:

phosphate group, 5 carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base

The molecule is used in (T shaped molecule):

protein synthesis

The first thing which happens in DNA replication is

the enzyme helicase untwists the helix and pulls apart two strands

During DNA replication:

the lagging strand is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction.

In a DNA double helix, the two strands are antiparallel which means

the strands are oriented in opposite direction relative to each other